R.V.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING R.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE- 560059 (Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum) Self-Study Report on, IOT ON INTELLIGENT TRAFIC SYSTEM (Phase -2) Submitted by, MALLIKARJUN MATTI 1RV14CS80 Under the guidance of, Dr. Sharvani G. S, Associate Professor, CSE Mr. Anjan K, Assistant Professor, CSE Mr. Girish Rao Salanke N S, Assistant Professor, CSE Ms. Kowcika A, Assistant Professor, CSE DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCEINCE AND ENGINEERING Page i
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R.V.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
R.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE-560059(Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum)
Self-Study Report on,
IOT ON INTELLIGENT TRAFIC SYSTEM(Phase -2)
Submitted by,
MALLIKARJUN MATTI1RV14CS80
Under the guidance of,
Dr. Sharvani G. S, Associate Professor, CSEMr. Anjan K, Assistant Professor, CSE
Mr. Girish Rao Salanke N S, Assistant Professor, CSEMs. Kowcika A, Assistant Professor, CSE
Submitted to,
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT,R.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING.
R.V. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, BANGALORE – 560059
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCEINCE AND ENGINEERING Page i
R.V.COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
(Autonomous Institution Affiliated to VTU, Belgaum)
DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE
Certified that the Self Study work titled ‘IOT on intelligent traffic system’ is carried out by N
MALLIKARJUN MATTI (1RV14CS080) who is bonafide student of R.V College of Engineering,
Bangalore, in partial fulfillment for the award of degree of Bachelor of Engineering in Computer
Science and Engineering of the Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum during the year
2015-2016. It is certified that all corrections/suggestions indicated for the internal Assessment have
been incorporated in the report deposited in the departmental library. The Self Study report has been
approved as it satisfies the academic requirements in respect of Self Study work prescribed by the
institution for the said degree.
Mr. Girish Rao Salanke N S, Dr. Sharvani G. S, Assistant Professor, CSE Associate Professor, CSE
Ms. Kowcika A, Mr. Anjan K, Assistant Professor, CSE Assistant Professor, CSE
Dr. Shobha GHead of Department,Department of CSE,
R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore-560059
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Table of Contents:
Abstract 5
1. Problem Statement 6
1.1. What is DSRC and RSU?
2. Analysis 7
3. Design.
3.1. : Implementing intelligent traffic system DLD Component 9
3.2. Design of intelligent traffic controller using embeded system COA Component 13
3.3. CCN trafic Optimization for iot DSC Component 14
3.4. Vision based intelligent trafic management system DSC Coponent 18
4. Implementation 19
5. Future work 20
6. References 21
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List of Pictures:
1. The Graph of Sales High level system architecture with communication
description. 6
2. Measurements visualized on a mobile interface
7
3. Pin diagram for different components.
8
4. A Jumbo Ethernet frame
10
5. Block Schematic of Intelligent Traffic Light Controller with GSM Interface.
6. Optimization problem and Basic Forwarding scheme
7. Sampling optimization 14
8. Dynamically Updated Backgrounds for various values of background constant ‘v’.
9. Traffic Management flowchart.
10. . Background subtraction flowchart
11. Graphic User Interface
12. The concept of MITCS application
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13. Autonomous area
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Abstract:
This paper suggests a new schema for applying the IoT (Internet of Things) to intelligent traffic
systems. The intelligent traffic system is implemented using road side units (RSU) with friction
monitoring, vehicles with environmental sensors and a database for data transfer through
different platforms. The system is able to collect sensor data from stationary RSU stations or
moving vehicles and store it to the database. The test results indicate that the developed IcOR
friction monitoring unit is able to distinguish the different road weather categories (ice, snow,
wet and dry asphalt) with sufficient accuracy. Communication is implemented using a V2I/I2V
IEEE 802.11p communication between RSUs and vehicles or 3G/4G mobile connections. In this
article, we describe an implemented IoT ITS concept with current real-life implementation and
future plans.
In recent years, Internet of Things (IoT) has become the hottest issues of Future Internet. It is the
most important concept of Future Internet for providing a common global IT Platform to
combine seamless networks and networked things. However, there is a lack of common fabric
for integrating IoT with current Internet. That results the service providers and operators have no
definite specification to follow. In this study, we construct a simulated bootstrap platform to
provide the discussion of open challenges and solutions for deploying IoT in Future Internet. The
service providers and operators can estimate their migration to IoT by referring to our experience
and experiment results.
.
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Problem Statement:
The Internet of Things (IoT) is a recent communication paradigm that envisions a near future, in
which the objects of everyday life will be equipped with microcontrollers, transceivers for digital
communication, and suitable protocol stacks that will make them able to communicate with one
another and with the users, becoming an integral part of the Internet.
1.1. What is DSRC and RSU?
Dedicated short-range communications are one-way or two-way short-range to medium-
range wireless communication channels specifically designed for automotive use and a
corresponding set of protocols and standards
Vehicles, road side sensor systems and supporting road infrastructure systems gather everyday
information about the traffic environment. Installed road side systems are usually designed to
work independently and provide measurements to only a restricted number of end-users; usually
supporting road maintenance.
In addition to road side sensor systems, new vehicles are equipped with several driver assistance
sensor systems that measure the environment outside the vehicle. Sensor information to the
driver from the traffic environment is limited to car sensors although new mobile phones and
navigators are capable of receiving information almost in real time. In addition, new
communication technologies like the IEEE 802.11p standard for vehicle to vehicle to
communication is available
Measurements from vehicles and RSU are visualized on a user-friendly map. Marking the
measurement location and measurements on a map does the visualization. The novelty of our
approach is on the schema of using existing sensor system and communication platforms to
implement an intelligent traffic system. Vehicle to vehicle communication with road friction
monitoring is also introduced in the WiSafeCar project [1]. Road weather monitoring from the
moving vehicle is introduced in same project [2]. V2I communication is used in the
INTERSAFE-2 project for I2V (Infrastructure to vehicle) communication [3]. The RSU is based
on ASSET concepts together with the IcOR road friction monitoring system
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2. Analysis:
Vehicles and RSU collect measurements and calculate values to be stored in the database, or
send them using 802.11p communication. In addition, RSU allows direct access to measurements
and video images through an HMTL5 interface. The database enables the provision of a map
interface for mobile devices.
Figure 1. High level system architecture with communication description.
The road side unit (RSU) takes images of the road section with a stereo camera and calculates
the road weather type with the use of the IcOR software developed by VTT. From the lookup
table, the system estimates the road friction based on the measurements. The installation of the
RSU unit is shown in Fig.2, i.e. installed on a motorway ramp to monitor the road section at end
of the ramp. The RSU is able to send measurements to vehicles through V2X communication
using CAM/DEMN messages and to the database using 3G mobile connections. One RSU
message contains the measured road condition, the friction value and the GPS location of the
device.
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Vehicles can collect data with various sensors. The vehicle shown in Fig.3 can measure the air
and road surface temperature, ABS/ESP status, 3D-accelerations and the status of the dashboard
controls. In addition, the vehicle contains the same IcOR road friction detection system as the
RSU on the motorway ramp. Vehicles can communicate through V2X communication using
CAM/DEMN with RSU and other vehicles nearby. In addition, vehicles communicate with the
database using mobile 3G connections.
The database is used to store all the measurements from the vehicles and RSU. The intelligent
traffic system database contains weather information from environmental sensors combined with
data from vehicle sensors. It is possible to extend the database so it would contain more accurate
information about, for instance, traffic flows, for emission calculations.
The IoT ITS Pilot uses and provides the user interface for nomadic devices (i.e. smartphones) for
which the penetration is expected to increase in the near future. This will expand cooperative
systems to cover users more specifically, instead of just the vehicles and the infrastructure.
The user interface (Fig 2) shows the locations of vehicles and RSUs (as red, blue, and gray dots).
The user can select a specific unit by clicking on the dot to see more information, i.e. the road
condition or friction value
Figure 2. Measurements visualized on a mobile interface.
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3. Design:
3.1. Implementing Intelligent Traffic Control System for Congestion Control,
Ambulance Clearance
The current problem section, it can be seen that, existing technologies are insufficient to handle
the problems of congestion control, emergency vehicle clearance, stolen vehicle detection, etc.
To solve these problems, we propose to implement our Intelligent Traffic Control System. It
mainly consists of three parts. First part contains automatic signal control system. Here, each
vehicle is equipped with an RFID tag. When it comes in the range of RFID reader, it will send
the signal to the RFID reader. The RFID reader will track how many vehicles have passed
through for a specific period and determines the congestion volume. Accordingly, it sets the
green light duration for that path. Second part is for the emergency vehicle clearance. Here, each
emergency vehicle contains ZigBee transmitter module and the ZigBee receiver will be
implemented at the traffic junction. The buzzer will be switched ON when the vehicle is used for
emergency purpose. This will send the signal through the ZigBee transmitter to the ZigBee
receiver. It will make the traffic light to change to green. Once the ambulance passes through, the
receiver no longer receives the ZigBee signal and the traffic light is turned to red. The third part
is responsible for stolen vehicle detection. Here, when the RFID reader reads the RFID tag, it
compares it to the list of stolen RFIDs. If a match is found, it sends SMS to the police control
room and changes the traffic light to red, so that the vehicle is made to stop in the traffic junction
and local police can take appropriate action. List of components used in the experiment are
CC2500RF module, Microchip PIC16F877A, RFID Reader–125KHz–TTL and SIM300 GSM
module. Figure 2 shows the pin diagrams (or pictures) of components used.
A. ZigBee Module CC2500
The CC2500 is a RF module and has transreceiver, which provides an easy way to use RF
communication at 2.4 GHz. Every CC2500 is equipped with the microcon- troller (PIC
16F877A), which contains Unique Identification Number (UIN). This UIN is based on the
registration num- ber of the vehicle. One of the most important features is serial communication
without any extra hardware and no extra coding. Hence, it is a transreceiver as it provides com-
munication in both directions, but only one direction. The microcontroller and CC2500 always
communicate with the A. ZigBee Module CC2500
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The CC2500 is a RF module and has transreceiver, which provides an easy way to use RF
communication at 2.4 GHz. Every CC2500 is equipped with the microcon- troller (PIC
16F877A), which contains Unique Identification Number (UIN). This UIN is based on the
registration num- ber of the vehicle. One of the most important features is serial communication
without any extra hardware and no extra coding. Hence, it is a transreceiver as it provides com-
munication in both directions, but only one direction. The microcontroller and CC2500 always
communicate with the microcontroller via serial communication. Rx pin of CC2500 is connected
to Tx (RC6) of microcontroller and Tx pin of CXC2500 is connected to Rx pin of
microcontroller (RC7). Other two pins are used to energize transreceiver. It is used to transmit
and receive the data at 9600 baud rate. Figure 4.1.a shows the image of transreceiver. Here, we
uses CC2500 ZigBee module and it has transmission range of 20 meters.
B. Microcontroller (PIC16F877A)
Peripheral Interface Control (PIC) 16F series has a lot of advantages as compared to other series.
It executes each instruction in less than 200 nanoseconds. It has 40 pins and has 8K program
memory and 368 byte data memory. It is easy to store and send UINs. At the junction, it is easy
to store large number of emergency vehicles. Before switching to green, it should satisfy all the
conditions. Simple interrupt option gives the advantage like jump from one loop to another loop.
It is easy to switch any time. It consumes less power and operates by vehicle battery itself
without any extra hardware. Figure 2.b shows the PIN Diagram of PIC16F877A.
C. GSM Module SIM 300
Here, a GSM modem is connected with the microcontroller. This allows the computer to use the
GSM modem to com- municate over the mobile network. These GSM modems are most
frequently used to provide mobile Internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for
sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages. GSM modem must support an “extended AT
command set” for sending/receiving SMS messages. GSM modems are a cost effective solution
for receiving SMS mes- sages, because the sender is paying for the message delivery. SIM 300 is
designed for global market and it is a tri-band
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