[Sri Lanka] - UNESCAP D-Sri Lank… ·  · 2015-04-03[Sri Lanka] to mainstream ... Sri Lanka Land area in km2: ... regulations to be adhear in construction Housing policy, ...

[ C H A T U R A R O D R I G O , R E S E A R C H E C O N O M I S T , I N S T I T U T E O F P O L I C Y S T U D I E S ( I P S ) A N D S E N A N I S O M A S E K E R A , D I R E C T O R

U R B A N D E V E L O P M E N T A U T H O R I T Y ]

E X P E R T G R O U P M E E T I N G I N T O N A T I O N A L U R B A N P O L I C I E SB A N G K O K , 1 7 - 1 8 M A R C H 2 0 1 5

Strengthening capacities of

[Sri Lanka]

to mainstream climate change concerns into national urban related policies

Country profile

Country name: Sri Lanka Land area in km2: 65,610 km2 Population number and growth (%)/year:

20,277,597, 0.8% annual change Population density per km2: 323/km2 Country GDP per capita in US$:$70.966 billion,

$3,385 per capita (nominal) , $142.719 billion, $7,046 (PPP), 7.3%

Geographical setting (climate): Tropical Urban population (%) and growth/year: 0.3%, level of

urbanization: 15.4% now, 18% by 2025 largest city: Colombo (by population: 752,993),

Batticaloa (by area: 75km2)

Climate change and urbanizationProblems

Projections/problems: Rise of CO2 and GHG Rise of atmospheric temperature Spatial and temporal variability in rainfall Hazardous events: droughts, floods, cyclones, landslides Sea level rise and salt water intrusions

Impact areas: coastal resources, foods security, health, water, human settlements, bio-diversity, tourism development, export development, energy transportation and infrastructure.

Hazards: floods, droughts, cyclones, landslides, heat waves

Vulnerabilities: Economic impacts, Housing, social poor, public/private infrastructures (including industries), ecosystems (bio diversity)

71.5

16

1.1

3.8

0.3

0.9

2.9

2.1

0 20 40 60 80 100

Single house-single storeyed

Single house-two stroreyed

Single house- more than twostoreys

Attached houses/annes

Flat

Condominium/Luxuryapartments

Row houses/ line rooms

Hut/Shanty

Percentages

Hou

sing

type

s

EstateRuralUranNational

Important problems related rapid urbanization

Economic infrastructures: Industries, roads, public buildings, ports, airports, railways

Housing: Shanty houses, relocation for construction, new housing schemes to attract residencies (at what price??)

Multidimensional Poverty and inequality: education, health, employment, labour force participation rates

Space/land: land acquisition and displacements (land titles, compensations), land reclamation

Environment: Bio-diversity, damage to ecosystems, PES, EGSs.

Cost of disaster relief: during hazardous events

Policy barriers Most important policy areas: Food security Sustainable water Human settlements Health Tourism development Export development Bio-diversity Coastal resources Energy industries and infrastructure Urban development and disaster management

Policy opportunities

Policy level Climate change policy: adaptation and mitigation Climate change strategy on adaptation National adaptation action plan Currently on going Considers all the impact areas

Technology needs assessment for mitigation

Implementation level Coordination of plans from top to bottom Forecasting SEAs

3.3. POLICY OVERVIEW Urban/local Policy (law, national strategy etc.)

Is there such a policy in your country y/n

Official name of Policy (with year)

How is climate change integrated (provide citation for any cross-reference of climate change policies)

How does this policy support and/or impede urban/local climate change action?

Other comments

National Urban Policy / National Urbanization Framework

yes National physical policy & plan (Annual)

Conservation of central fragile area

Identify climate change as a multi sectoral impact area at the poolicy level

-

Multi-level governance, Decentralization (please list specific policies separately)

yes Nationl polcy on local government Nationalpolicy on localgovernment action plan

By identifying disaster prone areas and support to integrate them into area development plans

In provincial and local plans CC is a central concern

-

Spatial / urban planning, incl. building codes (please list specific policies separately)

yes Urban Development plan for declared areas under UDA

Incorporating DRR plan in to the development plan

Contol vulnerability and minimise damages and losses

In builing codes there are regulations to be adhear in construction

Housing policy, incl. building codes (please list specific policies separately)

yes National housing policy Action plan

Incorporating DRR in to housing sector Guidelines code and manual on construction of housing

Improvesustainbility of buildings Control damages and losess

-

Urban infrastructure policies, e.g. roads, water, waste, energy (please list specific policies separately)

yes National Road Master Plan

Carrying out EIA& IEE Implement acode of practice for environmental protection

Improving qulity of road to provide sfty of the people and protection of vvironmental values

-

Provide brief summary of local role policies and laws related to climate change energy / environment / urban development

Yes Climate change policy/strategy/NAAP/disaster management plans/vulnerability profiles

- Urbanizatio and economic infrastructure is a main impact thrust areas in the CC strategy

-

Financing barriers

Identification and capture financial resources locally and internationally

o Government budget, WB, ADB, IGES, JICA, KOICA, GTZ, GEF

Formulate institutional mechanism to allocate, manage, & monitor such resources

o Efficient and optimal allocation, transparency

Encourage Private sector/small investor in financingo Banking facilities (DFCC, HSBC), CSR initiatives, CDMs

Introduced incentives for the projects for incorporation of adoptive and mitigation components

o Subsidies, Tax holidays from BOI, Certifications for hotel sector

Financing opportunities at national level Identification of climate change actions within local budget

o Ministries try to lobby for more fundingo Food security: climate resilient varieties

Identification of local strategic projects under urban development

o Wet land and ecosystem restoration

Integrate policy making and Implementation authoritieso SEAso Coordination and resource sharing

o Provide enabling environment for investors o CDMs: Tax and subsidies, technical capacity development,

coordination

Capacity barriers

Sri Lanka has national climate change policy and sectorial strategy plan

A climate change secretariat has been established under the ministry of environment

o DNA for CDMs National disaster management center and the ministry

has been established with grass route level network for action

Vulnerability profiles for floods, land slides, heavy rains and droughts: With UNDP

Forecasting by MD: seasonal forecasting is done Research: NSF, CRI, RRI, TRI, RRI, universities, think

tanks

Capacity opportunities

Effectively engage education system, media, and other information ‘multipliers’

Make information about adaptation options available at community level

Promote policy change for climate change adaptation through small group engagement

o CBA initiatives Engage existing institutional and community-based

mechanisms for coordinationo Use of traditional knowledge

Combat negative anthropogenic activity: such as sand mining

Institutional barriers

Politicians and political will: continuing policies Policy makers and their support: optimal allocation

of financial, technical and human resources (capacity building)

Education and awareness: at school levels, institutional levels, community levels

Private sector engagements: CSR, public private partnerships, transparency

Agreement of the experts/academic : Lack of research

Main opportunities:Institutional arrangements

Ministry of finance and planning National physical planning department Ministry of urban development Urban development authority Road development authority Board of investment Ceylon electricity board National water supply and drainage board Ministry of housing/National housing development

authority Ministry of environment Ministry of disaster management/disaster management

center

Proposed activities

o NAAP will be finalized by 6th April 2015o Following are the main areas of interventions where support is

neeed Information

o Awareess, vulnerability profiles, forecasting......Research

Institutionalo Institutional commitment, institutional capacities

Resource Financial, technical, capacity building of human resources

Coordinationo National, regional and local coordination, public private coordiation,

community coordination, research coordination among universities resrecha institutes and think tanks

Policyo Sectoral polices needs to have links to climate change policy NAAP

Thank you