Southeast Asia, Oceania, Antarctica. Indonesia is an archipelago made of approximately (about) 17,508 islands Indonesia is rich in Natural Gas and Oil.

Southeast Asia, Oceania, Antarctica Indonesia is an archipelago made of approximately (about) 17,508 islands Indonesia is rich in Natural Gas and Oil Was a Dutch colony during age of imperialism Royal Dutch Shell oil company began in the colony Captured by the Japanese early in WWII for their oil resources Religion in Indonesia 88% of Indonesians are Muslim Islam was introduced by traders from Arabia The Dutch introduced Christianity to Indonesia in 1846; 10% of Indonesia is Christian Christians are not often tolerated. Churches are destroyed Christians are blamed for misfortunate events and beaten The Spice Islands Most of Indonesia was called the spice islands because of spices like nutmeg and mace that originated there European, Arabic and Chinese traders all competed for control of the Islands with the Dutch (from the Netherlands) gaining control in the 1600s If you wanted nutmeg or mace you had to buy it from the Dutch. Singapore City-State The city is the whole country Very strict laws in Singapore Had the same leader for 31 years Known as the land of no because of its forbidding laws Singapore Its geographic location on the Strait of Malacca make it one of the worlds busiest shipping ports and very wealthy Singapore is an Economic Tiger because of its developed economy and stable government Pirates and Geography The strait of Malacca is an important shipping route connecting the Indian and Pacific Oceans Singapore is near this valuable geographic area and has become wealthy because of it Pirates and Geography The strait of Malacca is also a perfect place for pirates to raid cargo ships going through the strait. Piracy in this area has been going on since ancient times. Since 2002 there have been over 250 pirate attacks in the strait. Because of the geography merchants continue to use the strait despite the pirate threat. Philippines The Philippines were originally a Spanish colony, but became an American colony in 1899 This was Americas only colony Spanish and American culture can be seen in the Philippines today American Influence English Language Basketball and Baseball are popular sports Hotdogs and Hamburgers Spanish Influence 81% of Filipinos are Roman Catholic Spanish last names Filipino language has many words from Spanish Being far from Spain; Spanish culture came mostly from Mexico Acculturation 1: cultural modification of an individual, group, or people by adapting to or borrowing traits from another culture; also : a merging of cultures as a result of prolonged contact 2: the process by which a human being acquires the culture of a particular society from infancy The Cold War America vs. U.S.S.R Capitalism vs Communism America supported any people fighting the Soviet Union The Soviet Union supported anyone fighting the United States the enemy of our enemy is our friend Read the Vietnamese declaration of Independence which was almost exactly like Americas Ho Chi Minh was the nationalist and a communist leader of Vietnam Wanted an independent Vietnam and one where everything was equal Vietnam was a very un-developed and poor country in the 1950s Vietnam The United States and Europeans convinced the United Nations to divide Vietnam into a north and south, like Korea North was Communist supported by USSR South was capitalist supported by USA Ho Chi Minh dreamed of a unified Vietnam A corrupt government in the south limited freedom of Buddhists This lead to a war between the north and south, with American and Australians fighting against the North Vietnamese fighters Following over ten years of war America withdrew from Vietnam Vietnam then invaded Cambodia, also a communist country, because they were killing any ethnic Vietnamese This genocide took place in the Killing Fields of Cambodia In 1979 Communist China invaded Vietnam and was also defeated Vietnam Today Since the ending of all the wars Vietnams economy has grown exponentially Now the 42nd largest economy in the world The communist economy is still tightly controlled by the government Bikini Atoll Atoll- A ring-shaped reef, island, or chain of islands formed of coral Part of the U.S. Marshall Islands American Nuclear Bomb Testing BRAVO CRATER - This huge hole in the reef at Bikini Atoll is where thermonuclear hydrogen bomb was detonated. Geographic impact The 15 megaton thermonuclear device vaporized two islands and half of a third, leaving a crater which is 6000 feet in diameter and 240 feet deep. 42 species of coral became locally extinct Australia is the lowest, flattest and, apart from Antarctica, the driest of the continents The highest point in Australia is actually in Australian Antarctic territory It is the most urbanized Continent, 70% of the population lives in cities along the coast Sydney is the largest city in Australia The large port of Sydney brings jobs and money to the city which attracts people The Sydney Opera House is the countrys most famous building Australia The English colonized Australia in 1788 as a place for convicts Around 170,000 convicts from Britain were shipped there Colonized by English, Irish, and Scottish Famines, epidemics and massacres brought by the English brought the Aborigine numbers down Aborigines of Australia Native people of Australia One of the last completely hunter/gatherer cultures on earth The indigenous cultures of Australia are the oldest on earth going back over 50,000 years The land itself is the center of aboriginal religious beliefs White Australia From 1901 until 1973 Australia only allowed white immigrants passage to Australia The goal was to keep out Chinese and Japanese immigrants Pacific Islanders who worked on plantations were deported The Stolen Generation Under the White Australia policies aborigine children who were not of full blood were encouraged to become assimilated into white society so that eventually there would be no more Indigenous people left. This was an attempt to erase aboriginal culture The Stolen Generation From aborigine children and especially children of mixed heritage were taken to orphanages The government board could remove children without parental consent and without a court order Combing their hair straight, learning and speaking only English, becoming Christian 10 % of aboriginal children were stolen End of White Australia During the Vietnam War and other conflicts in Asia Australia began to grant refugees asylum in Australia Asylum- The protection granted by a nation to someone who has left their native country as a political refugee. Refugee- A person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster. Antarctica Penguins are the only permanent residents of Antarctica Many countries own and operate scientific work stations throughout the continent These scientists stay for a short time Antarctic Treaty Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, New Zealand, Norway and the United Kingdom all claim territory in Antarctica Russia and the United States can reserve territory at any time Many countries do not recognize claims to Antarctic territory What is a treaty? A signed agreement between two or more countries If enough countries sign a treaty the treaty becomes international law The United Nations and International Criminal Court are founded on treaties