This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Correspondence nd feedback should be addressed o:E t s e v i e r m b H , r b a n & F i s c h e r Ve r t a g , e p a r t m e n t o r M e d i c a t t u d e n t n f o r m a t i o n , t e x a n d e r a t t n a r z i k , a r l s t r a B e 5 , 8 0 3 3 3 u n i c h , e r m a n ye - m a i [ :m e d i z i n s t u d i u m @ e t s e v i e re
Addresses of the editors:
Professor r med Reinhard utzVors tand es Anatomischen nst i tu tsd e r L u d w i g - M a x i m i [ ia n s - U n i v e r s i t b tPet tenkofers t raBe 18 0 3 3 6M U n c h e nGermanye - m a i t : e i n h a r d . p u t z @ m e d n i - m u e n c h e n e
Professor r. med. Reinhard abstLei ter der Abtei tungFunkt ionetLe nd Angewandte natomieM e d i z i n i s c h e o c h s c h u [ e a n n o v e rCar[-Neuberg-StraBe30625 HannoverGermany
Bibt iographic nformat ion ubt ished y Die Deutsche ib t io thek
D i e D e u t s c h e i b t i o t h e k i s t s h i s p u b t i c a t i o nn t h e D e u t s c h e a t i o n a [ -b i b t i o g r a f r e ;e t a i t e d i b t i o g r a p h i c a t a s a v a i [ a b [ e n t h e I n t e r n e t th t tp : / /dnb db de
Att rights reserved
1 4 t h d i t i o n 0 0 6O 2006 E t s e v i e r m b H , M u n i c hU r b a n& F i s c h e r e r l a g s a n m p r i n t f E l s e v i e r m b H
0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 5 1 , 3 2 1
AtL ights , nctuding ransta t ion, Te eserved No par t of th is pubLicat ionmay be reproduced, tored in a re t r ievaI sys tem, or t ransmit ted na n y o t h e r o r m or b y a n y m e a n s , l e c t r o n i c , e c h a n ic a [ , h o t o c o p y i n g ,r e c o r d i n g , r o t h e r w i s e w i t h o u t h e p r i o r w r i t t e n p e r m i s s i o n f t h epu b isher.
The 14th di t ion f he Sobot ta t las consis ts f two votumes nd ab o o k l e t o n t a i n i n ga b l e s e n c t o s e d n Vo l u m e l :
Vo L u m e : H e a d , e c k , U p p e r i m b
Votume : Trunk, Viscera , ower Limb
TransLat ion: r .med Sammy Bedoui ,HannoverEdi tor ia t t a f fa t Elsevier : Dr med Dorothea ennessen
Alexander a t tnarz ikDr. er. nat Andrea Richarz
l t l u s t r a t o r s : l r i k eB r u g g e r , u n i c h ; i j d i g e r i m m e L h a n , e i d e l b e r g ;H o r s tR u B ,M u n i c h ; e n r i e t t e i n t e t e n , e t b e r nB o o k r o d u c t i o n : e n a t e a u s d o r f , u n i c hC o m p o s e d y : Ty p o d a t a , u n i c hP r i n t e d n d b o u n d y : A p p t ,We m d i n gC o v e r e s i g n : a r s t e n s c h i r ne r , u n i c hP r i n t e d n N o p a c o a t 15 g
P r i n t e d n G e r m a n yI S B N - 1 : 9 7 8 - 0 - 4 4 3 - 1 3 4 8 - 3I S B N - 1 : 0 - 4 4 3 - 3 4 8 - 8
Thisat tas was ounded yJohannes obot ta t , ormer Professor f Anatomyand Director f he AnatomicaI nst i tu te f he Univers i ty f Bonn,Germany
German Editions:1 ' t Edi t ion: 904-1907 F. Lehmanns er tag ,Munich2"d-1 th di t ion: 913-19t+4 F. Lehmanns er tag ,Munich12th20rh di t ion 1 48- 1 93 Urban & Schwarzen erg, Munich1 3 t h d i t i o n : 9 5 3 , d i t o r H B e c h e r1 4 t h d i t i o n : 1 9 5 6 ,e d i t o rH . B e c h e r1 t h d i t i o n : 5 7 , d i t o rH B e c h e r1 6 t h d i t i o n ; 1 9 6 7 , d i t o rH B e c h e r1 7 t h d i t i o n : 9 7 2 , d i t o r s . F e r n e r nd J . S t a u b e s a n d1 8 t h d i t i o n : 9 8 2 , d i t o r s F e r n e r n d J S t a u b e s a n d1 t h d i t i o n : 8 8 , d i t o r S t a u b e s a n d2 0 t h d i t i o n : 9 3 , d i t o r s P u t z n d R P a b s t2 1 ' tE d i t i o n : 0 0 0 , d i t o r s R P u t z n d R P a b s t , r b a n & F i s c h e r e r t a g ,
M u n i c h2 2 " d d i t i o n : 0 0 6 , d i t o r s P u t z n d R P a b s t , l s e v i e r m b H ,M u n i c h
Foreign Editions:ArabicEdi t ionM o d e r n e c h n i c a I e n t e r , a m a s c u sChinese di t ion compLex haracters)H o - C h i o o k P u b t i s h i n g o , a i w a nC h i n e s e d i t i o ns i m p t i f i e d h i n e s e d i t i o n }Elsevier, ea t th Sciences s ia , SingaporeC r o a t i a n d i t i o nNaktada tap, as t rebarskoD u t c hE d i t i o nBohn Staf teu an Loghum, HoutenE n g t i s h d i t i o n w i t h o m e n c l a t u r en E n g t i s h )AtLas f Human AnatomyL i p p i n c o t t i t t i a m s Wi t k i n sE n g t i s h d i t i o nw i t hn o m e n c l a t u r e n L a t i n lAt las of Human AnatomyE L s e v i e r m b H , r b a n& F i s c h e r
F r e n c h d i t i o nA t t a s ' A n a t o m i e u m a i n eTec & DocLavois ier, ar isG r e e k d i t i o n w i t hn o m e n c l a t u r e n G r e e k lM a r i aG P a r i s s i a n o s , t h e n sGreek Edi t ion with nomencLature n Lat in lM a r i aG P a r i s s i a n o s , t h e n sH u n g a r i a n d l t i o na z e m b e r n a t 6 m i 5 j 5 n a k t l a s z aA t t i t e r i a d 5 i , u d a p e s tl n d o n e s i a n d i t i o nAtlas Anatomi ManusiaPenerbi t Buku Kedokteran GC, akar taI t a [ i a n d i t i o nA t l a n t e i A n a t o m i a m a n aUTET, or inol a n r n o c o F d i i i n n
l g a k uS h o i n t d , To k y oKorean Edi t ion
S h i n g H e u n g e d S c i e n c e , e o u IP o L i s h d i t i o nAttas anatomii z towiekaUrban & Par tner, WroclawP o r t u g u e s e d i t i o nw i t h o m e n c l a t u r en E n g t i s h JA t [ a s e A n a t o m i a u m a n aE d i t o r a u a n a b a r a o o g a n , i o d e J a n e i r oP o r t u g u e s e d i t i o n w i t hn o m e n c l a t u r e n L a t i n lA t l a s e A n a t o m i a u m a n aE d i t o r a u a n a b a r a o o g a n , i od e J a n e i r oS p a n i s h d i t i o nA t [ a s e A n a t o m i a u m a n aE d i t o r i a t e d i c a a n a m e r i c a n a , u e n o s i r e s / M a d r i dTu r k l s h d i t i o nl n s a n n a t o m i s i t [ a s iB e t a B a s i m a y i m a g i t i m , s t a n b u I
Current nformat ion y www eLsevier.com nd www etsevier.de
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
P a r t s and egions f h e b o d yPassive ocomotor ystemActive ocomotor ystemDigestive nd respiratory ystemU r i n a r y nd g e n i t a I y s t e mS u r f a c e r o j e c t i o n f n t e r n a l rgansCardiovascutar ystemCentral and peripheral nervous ystem 24-29E n d o c r i n e rgans 3 0S k i n n d a p p e n d a g e s 3 1
32-117Regions fhead nd eck , egiones ap i t i s
et cot l i 32Bones f he skul t ,Ossa rani i 33-61Te m p o r o m a n d i b u L a ro i n t ,A r t i c u l a t i oe m p o r o -
m a n d i b u [ a r i s , n d m a s t i c a t o r y usc[esF a c i a Im u s c [ e sVesse ls nd n e r v e s f head and neckN o s e , Nasus x t e r n u s , n d n a s a I a v i t y,
C a v i t a s n a s i. .P a r a n a s a I i n u s e s , i n u s a r a n a s a l e s .0 r a I c a v i t y, a v i t a s r i s ,and e e t h , D e n t e sP a t a t e , a l a t u mTo n g u e , i n g u aH y o i d o n e , s h y o i d e u m , nd h y o i d a l . u s c L e s . . . . .S u p r a h y o i d usc[es , M u s c u l . i u p r a h y o i d e i , n d
external usc les f he ongue . . . 1 6-1 8Major a t ivarytands , tanduLaealivariae ajores . j0g-112Arteries ndnerves f heora l av i ty. 113Vesse t s ndnerves f he ongue . . . . j14-1jsFrontal ect ionshrough he head . . . 116- j17
11 8 1 5 6Musc les f he neck . j j} -12 jL a r y n x ,a r y n x . . . . j L 2 - j 3 jThyroid Land, l .andul .ahyroidea . . . 132-135Pharynx , harynx . . . j36-14jVe s s e t s a n d n e r v e s o f t h e n e c k . . . . . . i L Z - 1 5 3Sec t ionshrough ead ndneck . . . . 1 4 -1 5
U p p e r t i m b . . . . . . . 1 5 7 - Z S 7S u r f a c e n a t o m y jS 7B o n e s , j o i n t s , t i g a m e n t s . . . . j i g - j 7 7M u s c t e s f h e u p p e r i m b . . j 7 g - 2 j 3Ve s s e l s a n d e r v e s o f h e u p p e r l . i m b . . . . . . 2 j 4 - Z S 1S e c t i o n s h r o u g h h e a r m . . . Z S 2 - Z S 7
Cranial ase , as i s rani i . . 264-265C r a n i a I e r v e s , e r v i r a n i a t e s . . . .P a r a s y m p a t h e t i c a n g t i a f h e h e a dC r a n i a I e r v e s , o p o g r a p h yC r a n i a I a s e , e s s e t s n d n e r y e sC r a n i a I u r a m a t e r, D u r a m a t e r c r a n i a L i s , nd c r a n i a l
a r a c h n o i d a t e r, A r a c h n o i d e a a t e r c r a n i a [ i s . . . .S t r u c t u r e f h e b r a i n a n d b r a i n d e v e t o o m e n tTe L e n c e p h a t o n , Te t e n c e p h a t o n. . . .D i e n c e p h a l o n , i e n c e p h a [ o nM e s e n c e p h a l o n , esencephaton .B r a i n s t e m , runcus ncephat iN u c t e i f he c r a n i a I e r v e s .C e r e b e l t u m , e r e b e L t u mA s s o c i a t i o n n d c o m m i s s u r a I r a c t sI n t e r n a I a p s u t e , a p s u [ a n t e r n a , y r a m i d a I r a c t
a n d b a s a l a n g t i a
Ve n t r i c u L a ry s t e m n d s u b a r a c h n o i d paceVe s s e t s f h e b r a i nM a g n e t i c esonance o m o g r a p h i c mages f
the brain . 323-325Frontal ections hrough he brain . . . 326-329H o r i z o n t a l e c t i o n s h r o u g h h e b r a i n 3 3 0 - 3 3 6S a g i t t a L e c t i o n s h r o u g h h e b r a i n . . 3 3 7 - 3 3 9S p i n a l o r d , M e d u l l a p i n a l i s . . . . 3 4 0 - 3 5 1
Eyet ids , alpebrae, nd rb i t ,Orb i ta 352-355Lacr imaI ppara tus , pparatus acr ima[ i s . . . 356-357Ext ra -ocu ta r usc[es , uscuI i x te rn i uIb i cuI i . . . 358-361EyebaLt ,ulbus cu l i 362Vessels f he eye 36 3lris, ris,and pupil., upil.l .a . 364-365Lens , ens , nd cu[a r undus,
F u n d u s c u l i . . . 3 6 6 - 3 6 7Optic erve, ervu s pt icus . 368-369Optic ract, ractus pticus . . 370-371Muscles, essels nd nerves f he orbit . . . . . 372-376Sec t ionshrough he orbi t . . . 377-378
Ear,Auris .379-4000vervrewA u r i c [ e , u r i c u [ aA u r i c u [ a rm u s c t e s , M u s c u [ i u r i c u t a r e sE x t e r n a I c o u s t i cm e a t u s , M e a t u s c u s t i c u s x t e r n u s ,
and y m p a n i cm e m b r a n e , M e m b r a n a y m p a n i c a . .
A u d i t o r y s s i c [ e s , s s i c u t a u d i t o r i aTympanic avity, Cavitas ympaniA u d i t o r y u b e , Tu b a u d i t i v aI n t e r n a I a r, A u r i s n t e r n aA u d i t o r y n d e q u i l . i b r i u mrg a nA u d i t o r y n d e q u i [ i b r i u m a t h w a yNerves and vessets f the earC o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c e c t i o n s h r o u g h h e e a r . . . .
VI
1 31
6 - 11 - 1 3
1 41 5
16-1718-23
266-273274-27527 -277278-279
280-283284
285-294295-296
297298-299300-30302-305
306
307-309
3 1 0 - 3 1 7318-322
62-6970-7374-85
86-8889-9
92-101102
1 0 3 - 1 0 41 0 5
352-378
3793803 8 1
382
383-384385-387388-389390-393394-396
397398-399
40 0
B r a i n , n c e p h a t o n . . . . . . 2 S g - 3 S 1Vessets f he head . 258-261CraniaI av i ty, av i tas ran i i , ran ia I uramater,
D u r a m a t e r c r a n i a t i s . . . . . 2 6 2 - 2 6 3
Eye,Organum isus
l n d e x . . . . . 4 0 1 - 4 1 9
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
PrefaceI t w a s us t o v e r a hundred e a r s a g o h a t J o h a n n e s o b o t t a e to u t t o p u b L i s h h e f i r s t e d i t i o n f h i s A t t a s o f H u m a n A n a t o m y.S i n c e h e n, h i s p i e c e f w o r k has evoLved t e p b y s t e p a s a r e -s u t t o f he cons tant n t e r a c t i o n e t w e e n t u d e n t s , e c t u r e r s nde d i t o r s . t h a s not onLy een he most m o d e r n b a s i s o r h e c o m -p l e xs u b j e c t f m a c r o s c o p i c n a t o m y h r o u g h o u tm a n y g e n e r a -t i o n s o f d o c t o r s , u t has a L s o e v e t o p e d n t o a L a s t i n g o r k o fr e f e r e n c e or b o t h t i n i c a I r a i n i n g n d advanced e d i c a I d u c a -t i o n .A L t n a l . L .t h a s become b o o k o r a m e d i c a I o c t o r ' s i f e0nce a g a i n , n t h i s n e w e d i t i o n h e a d d i t i o n a t i g u r e s a v e beend r a w n t r i c t l y n h e b a s i s f o r i g i na l p e c i m e n s .
The 1 4 t h d i t i o n a s b e e n p a r t i c u [ a r t y es igned o m e e t h e d e -m a n d s o f a r e f o r m e d m e d i c a l u r r i c u t u m , m p h a s i z i n g he n te-g r a t i o n f c I i n i c a Im e d i c i n e n t o h e p r e c L i n i c a Iu r r i c u l u m . ort h i s p u r p o s e , h e n e w e d i t i o n a s b e e n e x t e n d e d o i n c t u d e h ef o L t o w i n ge a t u r e s :- S u r f a c e a n a t o m y n c t u d i n g p r o j e c t i o n o f i n t e r n a I o rg a n s
{45c o t o u r hotos)- A n a t o m i c a l i a g r a m s e x t o m a g i n g i g u r e s- I n t e g r a t i o n f i m a g i n g e c h n i q u e s o a g r e a t e r e x t e n t u [ t r a -
s o u n d , - r a y, T, M R I ; 1 9 g u r e s )- Endoscopic , n t r a o p e r a t i v e oLour mages a n d i g u r e s e x e m -
p t i f y i n ge c h n i q u e s f p u n c t u r e n d e x a m i n a t i o n 54 i g u r e s l- l m a g e s f p a t i e n t s r e s e n t i n g i t h y p i c a t a [ s i e s- D i a g r a m s f h e m o s t m p o r t a n t r t e r i a I a r i a t i o n s 93 g u r e s l- F r e q u e n t a r i a t i o n s n t h e L o c a t i o n f i n t e r n a I rg a n s 24 i g -
u r e s i- I n t e g r a t i o n f h i s t o t o g y t l o w m a g n r f i c a t i o n f i m p o r t a n t n -
t e r n a I o rg a n s i n t e s t i n e , i v e r, i d n e y, t c . )
I n o r d e r o i m p r o v e he p r e s e n t a t i o n f t h e k n o w t e d g e , h e f o t -l o w i n g e a t u r e s a v e been n t r o d u c e d :
- C t e a r- c u t r r a n g e m e n t f he chapters cc ord ing o h e d i f f e r -e n t r e g i o n s f h e b o d y
- T h e m a t i c a [ [ yo r r e s p o n d i n g g u r e s r e s e n t e d n doubte ages- A c o n c i s e , e p a r a t e o o k t e t i n c [ u d e d n Vo t u m e 1J c o n t a i n s
t a b t e s o f m u s c t e s , o i n t s a n d n e r ve s , n a b t i n g h e r e a d e r optace t n e x t o a ny i g u r e n h e a t t a s
0ne p a r t i c u t a r i m o f t h e n e w e d i t i o n s t o f a c i t i t a t e i n d i n go fs p e c i f i c t r u c t u r e s . h e S 0 B 0 T TA e p i c t s n a t o m i c a L t r u c t u r e sp r e c i s e l y i t h o u t h e r e a d e r o o s i n g h e g r e a t e r i c t u r e . h er e -f o r e , p e c i f c d idac t ic ooLs ave een mproved nd new a s p e c t sin c [ u e d :- E a c h h a p t e r a s b e e n a L t o c a t e do a p a r t i c u t a r o t o u r- A "menu b a r " o n e a c h d o u b t e age e n s u r e s r e c i s e r i e n t a -
t i o nw i t h i na g i v e n h a p t e r- The n u m b e r o f o u t l i n e s e p i c t i n g p a t i a L r i e n t a t t o n as been
s i g n i fc a n t l . yn c r e a s e d 270 gu es)- O v e r v i e w s f o t a I body egions nsure e n e r a I r i e n t a t i o n- New d i a g r a m s f p a r t i c u L a r u s c t e s t a r i f y h e i r L o c a t i o n nd
c o u r s e 24 i g u r e s l
- C o n f u s i o n s k e p t o a m i n i m u m b y o n t y d e p i c t i n g i m b s o f h er i g h ts i d e o f he body
- " C o m p a s s r o s e s " p o i n t o a d j a c e n t i g u r e s , h u s f a c i t i t a t i n gfotlowing given structure over several . ages
- C o n t i n u o u s e a d e r i n e s a c i l i t a t e i n d i n g f s t r u c t u r e s- C o L o u r e d o t s a t t h e e n d o f l e a d e r i n e s n t o p o g r a p h i c i a -
g r a m s m a r k a r t e r i e s , e i n s , e r v e s , n d m u s c l e s- The i g u r e s n t h e b o o k l e t e t a t e i r e c t l y o t h e f i g u r e s n the
a t [ a s- T h e L a rg e r i m e n s i o n s f h e b o o k m p r o v e L a r i t y
Wi t h h e ex c e p t i o n f d i s c u s s i o n s b o u t he g e n e r a I o n c e p t ft h e a t t a s and mutuaL o r r e c t i o n , h e e d i t o r s avew o r k e d s e p a -r a t e t y n n d i v i d u a Lh a p t e r s , i th he work d iv ided s o t l o w s :R . P u t z : G e n e r a I n a t o m y, p p e r i m b , b r a i n , e y e , e a r, b a c k ,
L o w e r i m b ;R P a b s t : H e a d . neck , horac ic nd a b d o m i n a I a [ t s , h o r a c i c ,
a b d o m i n a I nd p e t v i c i s c e r a .
T h e n c t u s i o n f a [ a rg e n u m b e r of new igures s the r e s u t t oft h e e x t r a o r d i n a r y a p a b i t i t y f h e o t l o w i n g e d i c a L i t t u s t r a t o r s :U L r i k eB r u g g e r, R i j d i g e rH i m m e t h a n n d H o r s t R u B . t i s t ot h e i r c r e d i t h a t h e c l a s s i c S0B0TTAs t y t e " as been e ta ined .S e v e r a I f t h e d i a g r a m s a v e b e e n g e n e r a t e d n t h e c o m p u t e rb y H e n r i e t t e i n t e L e n . e a t s o g r a t e f u t l y c k n o w l e d g e u r c t i n i -c a I c o t t e a g u e s o r m a k i n g c t i n i c a I L t u s t r a t i o n s v a i t a b t e o us{see p i c t u r e c r e d i t s l .W e owe a debt of g r a t i t u d e o o u r c o t -Leagues r o m t h e n s t i t u t e s o r t h e i r u n d e r s t a n d i n g n d h e t p f u l .s u g g e s t i o n s . r . N S o k o l o v n d A . B u c h h o r n ave p u t m e t i c u -l o u s e f f o r t s n t o g e n e r a t i n g h e s p e c i m e n r e p a r a t i o n s . F r y kand G . H o p p m a n n a v e u p p o r t e d s n e x t p r o c e s s i n g .
The s t a f fo f h e e d i t o r i a t f f i c e f E l s e v i e r u b t i s h e r s , n p a r t i c u -
L a rD r.D . Hennessen nd A . G a t t n a r z i k , a s o u r s i n c e r e h a n k s .S o m e of h e c r e a t i v e e v e L o p m e n t f t h e w o r k s a r e su [ t f v e r yf r u i t f u I i s c u s s i o n s . e w o u t d a l s o i k e o t h a n k R. H a u s d o r f ort r e m e n d o u s f f o r t s n t h e p r o d u c t i o n f t h e a t l a s . R . P ut z o -g e t h e r w i t h G . M e i e rw e r e r e s p o n s i b L e o r t h e p r o o f eading nds i m p [ i f i c a t i o nf p a g e d e s i g n n d L e g e n d s . 0 u r p e c i a Lh a n k sg o t o D r. U . 0 s t e r k a m p - B a u s t or g e n e r a t i n g h e i n d e x , n d a | L [o t h e r s n v o t v e d n t h e c o r r e c t i o n s . Wi t h o u r j o i n t e f f o r t s , h eS 0 B 0 T TA as b e e n o n c e m o r e m o d e r n i z e d o t h n c o n t e n t s n ddes ig .
We have nc tuded m a n y o f t h e h e t p f u t u g g e s t i o n s ade overt h e y e a r s b y s t u d e n t s n d c o L [ e a g u e s , nd w o u [ d h e r e f o r e s ka l [ r e a d e r s f t h i s e d i t i o n o pass on o us any c r i t i c i s m r sug-g e s t i o n s n h e n e w o r m a t o f h i s a t t a s .
M u n i c h n d H a n n o v e r, e p t e m b e r 0 05R. P u t z a n d R . P a b s t
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Univ. -Prof . r .med. Reinhard utzB o r n n I n n s b r u ck / A u s t r r a
1 9 6 2 - 1 9 6 8 S t u d i e dm e d i c i n e t t h e L e o p o l d - F r a n z e n s - U n i v e r s i t yf I n n s b r u c k1 68 R e c e i v e d d o c t o r a t e1 9 6 8 - 1 9 8 2 U n i v e r s i t y s s i s t a n t t t h e n s t i t u t e f A n a t o m y t t h e U n i v e r s i t y f I n n s b r u c k19781979
L e c t u r e r n ana tomyC o n s u L t a n tor a n a t o m y
g r o w n u p n L u n e D u rgS t u d i e dm e d i c i n e t t h e H a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o t , n d n G l a s q o w / S c o t t a n dU n i v e r s i t y e g r e e n d d o c t o r a t eR e g i s t r a t i o n o p r a c t i s em e d i c i n eS c i e n t i f i c s s o c i a t e n he Depar tment f C t i n i c a I h y s i o l . o g y,n i v e r s i t y f U t mL e c t u r e r o r C L i n i c a Lh y s i o t o g y, n i v e r s i t y f U t m ,and n e w e c t u r e s h i p t t h eH a n n o v e r e d i c a L c h o o lS e n i o r s s i s t a n t n he D e p a r t m e n t f F u n c t r o n a I n d A p p L i e d n a t o m y,H a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o LE x t e n s i o n f h e Venia egendi o incLude n a t o m yH e a d f h e D e p a r t m e n t f To p o g r a p h i c n a t o m y n d B i o m e c h a n i c sH e a d f h e D e p a r t m e n t f F u n c t i o n a l .nd A p p l . i e d n a t o m y, a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o l .P r o r e c t o r or s t u d i e s nd e d u c a t i o n , a n n o v e r e d i c a I chooID e a n f h e H a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o [C h a i r m a n f h e A n a t o m i c a I o c i e t yP r o r e c t o r f R e s e a r c h f h e H a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o LM e m b e r f h e A k a d e m i e e r N a t u r f o r s c h e r n d A r z t e L e o p o L d i n a ]
1982-1989 C h a i ro f h e A n a t o m i c a I n s t i t u t e t t h e A t b e r t - L u d w i g s - U n i v e r s i t yf F r e i b u rgs i n c e 1 9 8 9 C h a i ro f h e A n a t o m i c a I n s t i t u t e t t h e L u d w i g - M a x i m i I i a n s- U n i v e r s i t yf M u n i c h1992-1994 P r e s i d e n t f he European s s o c i a t i o n f C l . i n i c a l .n a t o m i s t s1993 R e g i s t r a t i o n o p r a c t i s em e d i c i n e1998-1999 C h a i r m a n f he A n a t o m i c a L o c i e t v1999 M e m b e r f h e A k a d e m i e e r N a t u r f o r s c h e r nd A r z t e L e o p o t d i n a )2002 D r.h . c . o f h e U n i v e r s i t y f C o n s t a n t a , o m a n i a2003 P r o r e c t o r o f h e L u dw i g - M a x i m i L i a n s - U ni v e r s i t yf M u n i c h
Research nd fietds of interest- F u n c t i o n a I n a t o m y f h e p a s s i v e o c o m o t o r y s t e m- E v o l u t i o n n d u n c t i o n a L a n a t o m yf h e v e r t e b r a L c o t u m n- F o r m - f u n c t i o n - r e l a t i o n sf o i n t s- A p p L i e d n a t o m y a n a t o m i c a L as ics f o r t h o p a e d i c s , u rg e r y, a d i o t o g y l- Q u e s t i o n s b o u t h e c o n t e n t s nd o rg a n i s a t i o n f h e m e d i c a t u r r i c u t u m- D e v e l o p m e n t f d i d a c t i c r a i n i n g r o g r a m m e s t u n i v e r s i t i e s
Univ. -Prof . r .med. Reinhard abstBorn n Posen ,1965-197019701971971-76197
197 -80
19781980-1992s ince 921986-19901993-19971997 19981999-2003200
Research nd ietds of interest- F u n c t i o n a L a n a t o m yf Ly m p h a t i c rg a n s- P r o l i f e r a t i o n n d m i g r a t i o n f Ly m p h o c y t e s- DeveLopment f h e n t e s t i n a L m m u n e y s t e m- F u n c t i o n f he p u t m o n a r y m m u n e y s t e m- Q u e s t i o n s f a c L i n i c a t Lyr i e n t a t e d n a t o m y n h e m e d i c a Lc u r r i c u t u m- E v a [ u a t i o n f e a c h i n q
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Picture redi tsThe e d i t o r s i n c e r e t y hank a t t c l i n i c a l o l l e a g u e s h a t m a d e uL -t r a s o u n d , o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c n d m a g n e t i c esonance m a-ges as w e t l as endoscopic nd n t r a o p e r a t i v e i c t u r e s v a i [ a b t e :
P r o f . t t a r a s , e n t r e o r R a d i o L o g y, n i v e r s i t y f G i e B e nI F i 9 . 1 0 0 9 , 1 0 3 1 , 1 0 3 2 ]
D r.B a u m e i s t e r, e p a r t m e n t f R a d i o t o g y, n i v e r s i t y f F r e i b u rgtF i s . 571
P D D r. B u rg k a r d t , 0 r t h o p a e d i c L i n i c ,e c h n i c a L n i v e r s i t y fM u n i c h F i 9 . 1 4 3 1 )
P r o f .B r i i c k m a n n D r. L i n n ,N e u r o r a d i o L o g y,n s t i t u t e o rD i a g n o s t i c a d i o l . o g y,n i v e r s i t y f M u n i c h F i g . 6 6 2 , 7 2 6 , b ,7 2 7 , b l
P r o f .D a n i e t , e p a r t m e n t f C a r d i o t o g y, n i v e r s i t y f E r t a n g e nt F i 9 . 9 9 , 0 0 , 0 1 , 7 3 1
P r o f .D e g e n h a r d t , i e L e f e L d F i g . 1 3 3 , 1 3 5 )P r o f .G a [ a n s k i D r. K i r c h h o ffD e p a r t m e n t f D i a g n o s t i c a d i o L -
o g y, H a n n o v e r e d i c a t c h o o t F i g . 6 2 , 9 6 4 , 1 2 1 2 , 1 2 1 3 )P r o f .G a [ a n s k i D r. S c h i i f e r, e p a r t m e n t f D i a g n o s t i c a d i o L -
o g y, Hannover ed ica l chooL F i g . 71 , b , 9 2 7 , 7 1 , 991,119 , 1204, 1207 12091
P r o f .G e b e [ , e p a r t m e n t f G a s t r o e n t e r o [ o g y, e p a t o t o g y ndE n d o c r i n o t o g y, a n n o v e r e d i c a t c h o o l F i g . 4 2 ,1 0 11 ,1026, 1027 1038, 1039, 107 , 10921
D r.G o e i , a d i o L o g y,e e r t e n , h e N e t h e r l a n d s F i g . 1 5 0 , 1 5 1 )l w i t hp e r m i s s i o n r o m R a d i o L o g y 7 3 ; 3 7 - 1 4 1 : 9 8 9 1
D r.G r e e v e n , t . - E t i z a b e t h - H o s pi t a t , e u w i e d F i g 1 5 0 , 2 3 8 ]P r o f .H o ff m a n n P D D r. B e k t a s , L i n i c o r A b d o m i n a L nd
Tr a n s p L a n t a t i o n u rg e r y, a n n o v e r e d i c a I c h o o t F i g . 028,1 40)
P r o f .H o h t f e l d , [ i n i c o r P n e u m o t o g y, a nn o v e r e d i c a I c h o o lt F i s . 9 2 9 , 9 3 0 )
P r o f . o n a s , U r o t o g y, a n n o v e r edica t chooL F i g . 1 2 a , b ,
11 0 3 )P r o f .K a m p i k& P r o f .M i j L L e r,p h t h a t m o t o g y, n i v e r s i t y fM u n i c h F i g . 5 7 1
D r.K i r c h h o ff D r.We i d e m a n n , e p a r t m e n t f D i a g n o s t i cR a d i o t o g y, a n n o v e r e d i c a t c h o o l . F i g .1 0 4 1 1093,1102,119 , 1 198, 1200, 202, 20s1
P r o f .K r e m e r s , D e p a r t m e n t o r R e s t o r a t i v e e n t i s t r y n dP e r i o d o n t o [ o g y, n i v e r s i t y f M u n i c h F i g .1691
P r o f .K u n z e , o n H a u n e r s c h e s h i L d r e n ' s o s p i t a L , n i v e r s i t y fM u n i c h F i g . 2 7 - 3 3 0 1
D r.M e y e r,D e p a r t m e n t f G a s t r o e n t e r o [ o g y, epa to togy ndE n d o c r i n o t o g y, annover ed icaL choot F i g . 4 4 , 9 8 7 , b ,9 9 2 , 11 4 5 , 11 4 6 1
P r o f .M i j t l e r - Va h [ , e u r o L o g y, a n n o v e r e d i c a I chooLt F i g . 2 8 , b )
P r o f .P f e i f e r, a d i o l . o g y,n s t i t u t e o r D i a g n o s t i c a d i o L o g y,
U n i v e r s i t y f M unich F i g . 9 3 , 9 , 3 1 0 , 1 2 , 4 4 9 ,51 ,
7 69-772, 07-810, 1255, 286, 287, 317, 318)P D D r. R a u , D e p a r t m e n t f R a d i o L o g y, n i v e r s i t y f F r e i b u rg
lFis.912,925,9261
Prof.Ravetli, formerly nstitute fAnaiomy, niversityft n n s D r u c Kl - r 0 .o / J
PDDr.Rieger, adiotogy,ns t i tu teor Diagnos t icad io togy,Univers i tyf MunichFig . 395)
Prof . eich, rofaciaLurgery, n ivers i ty fBonn Fig . 13 , b lProf . eiser Dr.Wagner, ns t i tu teor Diagnos t icadiotogy,
F i g . a - c P [ a n e s n d a x e s .a S a g i t t a t t a n e , [ a n u m a g i t t a [ e , a g i t t a I a n d o n g i t u d i n a I x esb Transverse tane = horizontaI tane), Ptanum ransversate, ransverse nd sagit tal axesc F r o n t a l L a n e = c o r o n a I t a n e ] , t a n u m r o n t a l e , o n g i t u d i n a tnd ransverse x es
F i g .2 a , b O r i e n t a t i o n i n e s f h e h u m a n b o d y ndt e r m s o f d i r e c t i o n n d o o s i t i o n .a VentraI iew ventralis , nterior]b D o r s a I i e w d o r s a [ i s , o s t e r i o r )
Linea scapularis
Linea axillaris osteriot
dorsalis
>Generat natomy
plantaris
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g ,9 O v e r v i e w f he s k e l e t o n ,Systema keteta[e.
Ossa arsi
F i g .1 0 O v e r v i e w f h e s k e L e t o n ,Svstema ke[etate.
Mandibula
Columna ertebralis(Pars ervicalis)
Clavicula
Scapula
Humerus
Columna ertebralis(Pars umbalis)
Radius
Ulna
Os coxae
Ossa carpi
Ossameracarpl
Ossa
Columna ertebralis(Pars horacica)
Os sacrum
Oscoccygrs
digitorumlPhalangesl
Ossa metatarsi
Parts of the human body
Head, apu tNeck, Co[[umTrunk, TruncusT h o r a x , h o r a xA b d o m e n , b d o m e nPetv i s , eLvisUpper imb, Membrum uperiusS h o u t d e r i r d L e ,i n g u t u m e c t o r a L eC i n g u l u m e m b r is u p e r i o r i s l ; r m ,P a r s i b e r a e m b r i u p e r i o r i sLower imb, Membrum nferiusP e L v i ci r d L e , i n g u L u me L v i c u mC i n g u t u m e m b r ii n f e r i o r i s l ;e g , a r s i b e r a e m b r i n f e r i o r i s
Locomotor ys
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.14 Appearance f ossification entres an dsynossification t the epiphyses f the lower imbl m e a n s c c o r d i n g o v. L A N Z , 9 5 5 ; X N E R ,990;HEUCK nd BAST, 994).
Bone development
7. EW18.-19.
15. -18.15. -16.
18. -21.
18.-20.
10. -12.
1 8 .18. -19.
5 . -8 . M. Y2.-3. Y2 . - 4 . Y
20.-25. Y
7.-8. EW
13.-16.8 . -13.
1 . Y
3.-5 . Y
17.-20.Y
10.-13.15. -18.
E W =E M =M =
Embrvonic 6ekEmbrlonicmonthMonthof lifeYear of life
19, -20.
16. -20.
16.- 24. Y
17.-1A.
5.-7. Y14.-18.10. -12.
5 . Y12.Y8.-12.
13. -17.
7. EW
9. EM
1 0 .E M5.-6 . Y
17.-19.12.-14. Y
8. EW
7.-8. EW
6 . M
17.-18.
2 . - 4 . Y
7. EW
10.-12.
2 . 4 . Y9. EW
21.-25. Y1.-2 .Y
9. EW2.-3. Y
9. EW
3.-4 . Y1 . - 2 .Y
3.-5 . Y
Os scaohoideum .-6. MOs unatum .-6.YOs rapezium .-€. YOs raDezoideum .-7. Y
Os Disiforme .-12.YOs riouetrum .-4.YOs hamatum .-5. MOs caoitalum .-4. M
F i g .1 3 A p p e a r a n c e f o s s i f i c a t i o n e n t r e s n ds y n o s s i fc a t i o n t t h e epiphyses f he upper L i m bI m e a n s c c o r d i n g o v . L A N Z , 9 5 5 ; X N E R ,990;H E U C Knd B A S T, 9 9 4 J .
17.-18.
3 . -4 . Y
15.- 1 Y
5. EM
8. EM
9. EW
Os cuneiformemediale .-3. YOs cuneiforme ntermedium .-4. YOs cuneiforme aterale 2. M
13.-15.
7 . -8 . Y
6.-7 . EM
16.-18.
13. -154.-6 . Y
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .1 5 F i b r o u s o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i ofibrosa, xemplified y he sutureso f h e s k u t t .
Linea epiphysialis
Vagina ynovialis
F i g . 1 6 C a r t i [ a g i n o u so i n t ,A r t i c u l a t i o a r t i t a g i n e a , x e m p t i fe db y h e p u b i c one ymphysis .
Fig .17 0sseous jo in t ,Ar t icu[a t iossea , xempI i f iedbv he sacrum.
1
1 b
3456789
l 0
SynovialmembraneSynovialntima, ntimaSubintimalayer, ubintimaFibrousmembraneA-cells macroohaqes)B-cells fibroblasts)Fat cellsCapillary essels with enestrationVenulesLymphaticsNervesCollagen ibres
Membrana ibrosalstratum ibrosuml
CapsulaarticularisMembrana vnovialis
lstratum synbviale]
Labrum rticulare
Recessus rticularis
Membrana ynovialislstratum synoviale]
Membrana ibrosalstratum ibrosum]
Capsulaarticularis
Fig.18 a, b Synovial.oint,Articutatioynoviatis,xemplifedby he shoutdero in t .a Sect ion n he scapu[ar taneb Structure f he o in t apsu[e* The oint cavi ty, avi tas r t icutar is , s i t [us t ra ted roader o
enhance is ib i t i ty.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 19 a - g J o i n t s , u n c t u r a e y n o v i a L e s .a H i n g e o i n t , r t i c u L a t i oy I i n d r i c ab Conoid o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i o o n o i d e ac P i v o t o i n t . r t i c u L a t i o r o c h o i d e a
Planum sagittale,Axis ransversalis
Flexio,Anteversio
d C o n d y l a r o i n t ,A r t i c u L a t i ov o i d e ae S a d d L e o i n t ,A r t i c u l a t i o e L t a r i sf S p h e r o i d a I o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i o p h e r o i d e a
g P t a n e o i n t ,A r t i c u L a t i oLana
F i g . 2 0 S p h e r o i d a t o i n t h i p o i n t l ,A r t i c u t a t i o p h e r o i d e a A r t i c u [ a t i ooxael .
Rotatio externa
Rotatio nterna
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Metabolic ystems I Control ysterns | Sl t inActive ocomotor ystem
'1 Line of forceof the muscle
2 Virtual ever ar mof the muscle
3 Axis of rotationof the,oint
Muscles
(Cavitas ynovialis)
Mesotendineum
Phalanx media
F i g . 2 2 S t r u c t u r e f a t e n d o n h e a t h , a g i n a e n d i n i s ,e x e m p t i fe d b y a f n g e r.
d M u s c u [ u s t a n u s
Epitendineum
F i g . 2 1 0 rg a n i s a t i o n r i n c i p l e f ske le taL uscLes ,e x e m p t i f i e d y he b r a c h i a Im u s c l e , M . b r a c h i a t i s .
a Muscutus u s i f o r m i s b M u s c u L u s i c e p s c Musc ul us i ve nt er
Fig. 23 a-g Types f musctesa S i n g L e e a d ,
p a r a L t e I uscLe i b r e sb D o u b t e e a d ,
p a r a l l e ImuscLe i b r e sc Doubl.e etty,
p a r a L [ e I uscLe i b r e sd M u L t i - h e a d ,t a t m u s c l ee M u l . t i - b e L t yu s c t e w i t h
t e n d i n o u s n t e r s e c t i o n sf U n i p e n n a t e u s c t eg B i p e n n a t e u s c t e Musculusn te rsec tus f M u s c u l u s s e m i p e n n a t u s g Muscutus ennatus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
1 A subclavia2 A thoracica nterna3 Truncus hyrocervicalis
4 Truncus ostocervicalis5 A vertebralis
'1 A carotiscommunis 7 A facialis2 A carotisexterna 8 A occipitalis3 A. carotis nterna 9 A auricularis osterior4 A. hyroidea uperior 10 A. emporalis5 A. pharyngea superficialis
ascendens 11 A. maxillaris6 A l ingual is
1 Pars scendens ortae2 Bulbus ortae3 Aa coronariae4 Arcus aortae5 lsthmus ortae6 Truncusbrachiocephalicus7 A carotis ommunis inistraI A subclaviasinistra9 A carotis ommunis extra
10 A subclaviadextra11 A. carotis nterna12 A carotisexterna'13 Pars horacica ortae'14 Pars bdominalis ortae15 A. sacralis ediana16 Bifurcatio ortae17 A i l iacacommunis18 A i l iacainterna19 A i l iacaexterna
F i g . 3 5 a - g A o r t a , A o r t a , n d g r e a t e ra tenes ;s c h e m a f h e b r a n c h i n g a t t e r n .a Aorta, Aortab S u b c t a v i a n r t e r y, s u b c t a v i ac ExternaI arotid artery, A. carotis externad C o e t i a c r u n k ,Tr u n c u s o e t i a c u se S u p e r i o r n d n f e r i o r m e s e n t e r i c r t e r y,
A a . m e s e n t e r i c a e u o e r i o r t n f e r i o rf E x t e r n a L i L i a cr t e r y, . L i a c a x t e r n ag I n t e r n a I L i a c r t e r y, i t i a c a n t e r n a
1 A. iliaca communis2 A iliaca nterna3 A iliaca externa4 A epigastrica nferior5 A circumflexa lium profunda6 R pubicus
1 A il iaca ommunis 8 Aa sacrales aterales2 A iliaca xterna I A.glutea uperior3 A. liaca nterna 10 A umbilicalis,4 A obturatoria Pars patens5 A. pudenda nterna 11 A. vesicalis nferior6 A. glutea nferior 12 A. rectalis edia7 A, liolumbalis
1 Trunc us oeliacus2 A gastrica inistra3 A hepatica ommunis4 A splenica
1 A mesentericasupenor
2 A pancreatico-duodenalis nlerior
3 Aa jejunales4 Aa ileales5 A. ileocolica
6 A colica dextra7 A colica media8 A. mesenterica nferior9 A colica sinistra
10 Aa sigmoideae11 A rectalissuperior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
V jugularis xternaV jugularis nteriorV jugularisnterna
V brachioceohalica extra
V axillaris
V cephalica
V basilica
Vv brachiales
V mediana ubiti
V testicularis extra*
V iliaca ommunis
V iliaca nterna
V iliacaexterna
V saphena agna
F i g .36 O v e r v i e w f he veins f h e s y s t e m i cc cu Lati nS u p e r f i c i a I e i n s r e t I u s t r a t e d nt h e r i g h t e g a n d deep e ins n h e e f t .* In he ema[e: varian ein. . ovarica
V brachioceDhalica inistra
V subclavia
V cava uperior
V thoracica nterna
W hepaticae
V testicularis inistra'
V portae hepatis
V splenica
V mesenterlca nferior
V mesenterica uperior
V cava nlerior
V saphena arva
V tibialis nterior
V tibialis osterior
[.-ocomotorysCardiovascular system Nervoussystem
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 7 S u p e r i o r e n a a v a , . c a v a u p e r i o r ;s c h e m a f t h e r i b u t a r i e s
(Sinus valvulae) (Sinus valvulae)
Valvulae venosae
F i g . 3 9 F u n c t i o n a I r i n c i p l . ef venous a tves .T h e a r r o w s p o i n t i n g p w a r d s n d i c a t e h e l o wof blood. The vatves tose uoon backftow f theb [ o o d a r r o w s o i n t i n g o w n w a r d s )
Fig, 38 Inferior ena cava, V. cava nferior;s c h e m a f h e r i b u t a r i e s .
1 R sinister
1 V cava uperior2 V brachiocephalica extra3 V brachiocephalica inistra4 V jugularis nterna5 V subclavia
6 V azygos7 Vv. ntercostales osteriores8 V hemiazygos ccessoria9 V hemiazygos
1 V cava nferior2 V. sacralis ediana3 V iliaca ommunis4 V iliaca nterna5 V iliaca xterna6 V phrenica nferior7 W hepaticae
8 V renalis9 V testicularis/ovarica
10 V suprarenalis11 W int ercostales osteriores.12 V lum balis scendens13 W lu mbales14 V iliolumbalis
9 V rectalis uperior10 Vv sigmoideae11 V colica inistra12 V colicamedia13 V gastroomentalis inistra14 V mesenterica nferior15 V splenica16 V gastrica inistra
2 B. dexter3 V portae hepatis4 V gastrica extra5 V gastroomentalis extra6 V colicadextra7 V mesenterica uperior8 Vv. eiunales t le i
F i g . 4 0 H e p a t i c o r t a I e i n ,V.p o r t a e e p a t i s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .11 S c h e m a f o e t a I i r c u L a t i onThe d i f f e r e n t o L o u r sn d i c a t e h e o x v q e n o n t e n t n h e b L o o d :r e d = r i c h n oxygen,b L u e p o o r n oxygen,o u r o L e m i x e d bLood.A r r o w s n d i c a t e he d i r e c t i o n f h e b t o o d L o w* S h o r t - c i r c u i te t w e e nh e i g h t n d he e f t t r i u m** S h o r t - c i r c u i te t w e e nhe u t m o n a r yrunk nd he a r c h f a o r t a* * * S h o r t - c i r c u i tb e t w e e nh e u m b i [ i c a Ie i n n d h e n f e r i o r ena ava
l"-* wm"r tm $y,$
Aa pulmonales
Ventriculus ordis inister
Septum nterventriculare
Ventriculus ordis exter
Pars thoracica aortae [Aorta thoracica]
Truncus oeliacus
A mesenterica uperior
Aa renales
Aa lumbales
Pars abdominalis aortae Aorta abdominalis]
A mesenterica nferior
Bifurcatio odae
A i l i aca ommunis
A iliaca externa
A iliaca nterna
Aa umbr l r ca l e s
Vesica rinaria
C o n v e r s i o n r o m f o e t a L o o o s t n a t a I c i r c u L a t i o n :+ The v a L v e - [ i k eo n n e c t i o n e t w e e n he r i g h tand h e e f t a t r i u m i a
t h e o r a m e n v a t e s p a s s i v e Ly[ o s e d t he o n s e t f r e s p i r a t o r ya c t i v i t yn h e u n g s
* * The d u c t u s r t e r i o s u s a o TA r r o ] , n h e o t h e r h a n d , t o s e s n t yd u r i n g h e i r s t m o n t h s f L i f e s t s u m e n r a d u a L t yb [ i t e r a t e s ye o i t h e t i a Lr o t i f e r a t i o nn d n c r e a s e d e n s i o n f h e w a I L
* * * T h ed u c t u s e n o s u s A R A N T I U S Jb L i t e r a t e sf t e rb i r t ha n d b e c o m e st h e i g a m e n t u m e n o s u m n h e p o r t a I r e a o f h e i v e r.
> GeneraI natomy
Foetal irculation
Arcus aortae
Truncus rachiocephalicus
V cava uperior
Foramen ovale
Atrium ordis extrum
V cava nferior
Vv hepaticae
. ' /III
Vesica biliaris
V umbi l i ca l i s
V cava inlerior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Metabotic ystems I Control ystems I SkinEndocr ine rgans
Truncus ugularis
V jugularisnternaDuctus ymphaticus exter
(Angulus enosus)
V subclavia
Truncus ronchomediastinalis
Truncus ubclavius
Nodi ymphoidei axillares
Nodi ymphoidei pelvisparietales et viscerales
Nodi ymphoidei nguinales
Vasa lymphatica
Nodi ymphoideiaxillares
Nodi ymphoidei ervicales
Nodi ymphoideiaxillares
F i g . 4 3 a , b D r a i n a g e r e a s fr e g i o n a [ y m p h nodesT h e d r a i n a g e f r e g i o n a l y m p hn o d e sv a r i e s o n s i d e r a b [ y e t w e e n n d i v i d u a [ s .T h e y v e r l a p n d r a i n i n g o y m p h n o d e so f h e p s i t a t e r a I s wetL s of hec o n t r a [ a t e r a Li d eof he bodv.
Ductus horacicus
Pars bdominalisCisterna hyli
Trunci ntestinales
Trunci umbales
Fig. 1,2 Overview f theLy m p h a t i c y s t e m .
Nodi ymphoideicervicales laterales
Lymphatic
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
I Nn.olfactoriill N.opticuslll N.oculomotoriuslV N trochlearisV N. rigeminusVl N.abducensVll N. acialisVlll N. vestibulocochlearislX N. glossopharyngeusX N. vagusXl N.accessoriusXll N. hypoglossus
F i g . 4 5 O v e r v i e w o f t h e b r a i n an dt h e c r a n i a I n e rv e s .
Plexus ervicalis
Plexus rachialis
VI
vil,vill
N hypoglossus Xlll
XI
Medulla oblongata
lvledulla pinalis
N occipitalis minor
Nhypoglossus Xll]N auricularis agnus
N transversus olliAnsa ervicalis, adix uperiorAnsa ervicalis, adix nferior
(R trapezius)
N dorsalis capulaeN phrenicus
Nn supraclaviculares
N. suprascapularisN subscapularis
N subclaviusFasciculus osterior
N. axillarisN thoracodorsalisFasciculus ateralis
N thoracicusongusN radialis
Fasciculus edialis
N. musculocutaneu s
N medianus
N. ulnar is
N. cutaneus antebrachii medialisN. cutaneus brachii medialis
Truncussupenor
Truncusmeorus
Truncusinferior
N thoracicus T2],N intercostalis
Fig.46 Overview f the cervicala n d b r a c h i a I l e x u s , t e x u s e r v i c a t i se t b r a c h i a [ i s .
N. ntercostobrachialis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Metabotic ystems I Controt ystems I St<inEndocrine rgans
Ganglion ceruicalesupenus
N splanchnicus ajor
Rr. ommunicantes
N splanchnicus inor
Truncus ympathicus;Ganglia horacica
Truncus vmpathicus:Gan6tia umbalia
Medulla oblongata
A. carotis ommunis
A subclavia
N laryngeus ecurrens exter
Arcus aortae; Plexus ardiacus
Pars ascendens ortae
Pars horacica ortae
Truncus oeliacus;Plexus oeliacusGanglia oeliaca
A. renalis; lexus enalis
A mesenterica uperior;Plexusmesentericus uoerior
Pars bdominalis ortae;Plexus orticus bdominalis
A. mesenterica nferior;Plexusmesentericus nferior
Plexus ypogastricus uperior
A iliacacommunis
N hypogastricus
Plexus ypogastricus nferior
N. oculomotorius ll
N facialis Vll]
N glossopharyngeuslx l
N vagus X]
Truncus agalis nterior
Truncus agalis osterior
Plexus esophageus
N cardiacusceruicalis uperior
Ganglion ervicalemedium
N. cardiacuscervicalis edius
Ganglionceruicothoracicum
lstellatumlAnsa subclavia
N cardiacusceruicalisnferior
Ganglion mpar
F i g .1 9 S y m p a t h e t i c a r t o f h e a u t o n o m o u sn e r v o u s y s t e m , a r s y m p a t h i c aThe e n t i r e y s t e m f s y m p a t h e t i cA a n g L i a n d h e i rconnect ions o c a t e d t o n g h e v e r t e b r a l o t u m n r e e f e r r e dt o a s s y m p a t h e t i c r u n k ,Truncus y m p a t h i c u s g r e e n l .
Pars ranialis
Pars pelvica
Radix parasympathicaINn splanchnicipelvicil
Ganglia pelvica
F i g .5 0 P a r a s y m p a t h e t i c a r t of he au tonomousnervous ystem, Pars parasympathicaP a r a s y m p a t h e t i c b r e s v i o L e t ls u a l . t yr a v e I [ o n g w i t h o t h e rn e r v e i b r e s .
Nn splanchnici umbales
Nn splanchnicisacrates
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Surface I Locomotor ystCardiovascutar ystern Nervoussyst
Pars parasympathicaPars ympathica
Truncus ympathicus
Ganglion coeliacum
Ganglion esentericumsuperlus
Ganglion esentericuminferius
F i g , 5 1 P e r i p h e r a l a r t s o f h e a u t o n o m o u snervous ystemS y m p a t h e t i c i b r e s f h e i m b s r a v e Lalong w i t h a r t e r i e s .
Nn. splanchnici pelvici
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .8 5 H a r d p a [ a t e , a t a t u m u r u m ; m a x i l t a r y i n u s ,S i n u s m a x i [ L a r i s ,nd n f e r i o r a s a I o n c h a , o n c h anasaLis n f e r i o r.
Os sphenoidale
Concha nasalis nlerior
Sinusmaxillaris
Maxilla,Proc zygomaticus
lvlaxilla
Os palatinum
(Sutura ncisiva)
(Os ncisivum)
Os oalatinum. amina orizontalis
Sutura alatina edianaoramen ncisivum
F i g .86 Hard p a [ a t e , a t a t u m u r u m .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 1 0 6 Te m p o r o m a n d i b u t a r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i oe m o o r o m a n d i u L a r i s .
Surface lSkete tonl Musc
Proc pterygoideus,Lamina ateralis
Proc. coronoideus
SDina ossis sohenoidalis
Lig pterygospinale
Canalis nervi hypoglossi
Proc styloideus
Lig sphenomandibulare
Lig stylomandibulare
Ramus mandibulae
Lingulamandibulae
f Lamina ateralisProc. terygoideus
1 .\ Laminamedialis
Proc styloideus
Proc condylaris
Lig stylomandibulare
Angulus andibulae;(Tuberositas asseterica)
Sinus phenoidalis
Cavitas nasi, Choana
Hamulus terygoideus
Sulcusmylohyoideus
Angulus andibulae;(Tuberositas terygoidea)
Linea mylohyoidea
F i g . 107 Pterygospinous nd s p h e n o m a n d i b u L a r i g a m e n t s ,L i g g .p t e r y g o s p i n a [ e t s p h e n o m a n di b u [ a r e .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 108 Te m p o r o m a n d i b u t a ro i n t ,A r t i c u l a t i oe m p o r o m a n d i b u [ a r i s ;s a g i t t a l . e c t i o n ;m o u t h a [ m o s t losed .
Fossa mandibularis,Facies rticularis
Discus rticularis
Caput mandibulae
Porus acusticus xternus
Collummandibulae
Proc mastoideus
Proc. tyloideus
Ramus mandibulae
F i g . 1 0 9 Te m p o r o m a n d i b u L a ro i n t ,A r t i c u l a t i oe m p o r o m a n d i b u t a r i s ;c r n i i i r l < o n t i n n .
m o u t h o D e n e d .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig. 10 , b Art icu[ar i sc , i scus r t i cu ta r i s , f hetemporomandibul .aro in t , r t i cu ta t ioemporomandibutaris .a Suoerior iewb LateraI ie w
Abb. 11 Masticatory usc tes , m. mas t ica tor i iArrowsndicatehe direct ion f musc[e rac t ionwhen tosing he mouth.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
1 Meatus custicus xternus2 Proc. ondylaris3 Discus rticularis4 Os emporale, ossa andibularis
F i g . 113 a , b Te m p o r o m a n d ib u t a r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i ot e m p o r o m a n d i b u [ a r i s ;t o m o g r a p h y ; a t e r a I r o j e c t i o n f t e r n j e c t i o n f a c o n t r a s tm e d i u m n t o h e o i n tc a v i t y a r t h r o g r a p h y ) .a M o u t h l o s e db M o u t h opened
5 Os emporale, uberculum rticulare6 Incisura andibulae7 Proc coronoideus
F i g . 112 Te m p o r o m a n d i b u t a ro i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i oe m p o r o m a n d i b u L a r i s .
T h e a r t i c u l a r i s c s h i f t s o r w ar d u r i n g o p e n i n g f he mouth .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 11 t , M a s s e t e r n d e m p o r a l m u s c [ e ,M m . m a s s et e r t t e m D o r a t r s .
Os zygomaticum, roc emporalis
major, rista nf atemporalis
M pterygoideusateralis
Tuberculum rticulare
Os emporale, roc zygomaticus
Fossa mandibularis,Facies dicularis
Discus rticularis
Caput mandibulae
Capsula rticularis
l\4pterygoideus edialis
F i g . 1 5 Te m p o r o m a n d i b u L a ro i n t , r t i c u t a t r oe m p o r o m a n d i b u t a r i s ;m e d i a L n d L a t e r a I t e r y g o i d uscLes ,M m . p t e r y g o i d e i e d i a t i s t I a t e r a L r s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g , 11 6 M a s t i c a t o r y u s c t e s ,M m . m a s t i c a t o r i i ;f o n t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h h e e m p o r o m a n d i b u t ar o i n tand h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n h r o u q h h e c a t v a r i a :oosterior iew.
N opticus llN trochlearisvl
N oculomotoriusllll
N trigeminus Vl
N abducens Vl ]
A. carotis nterna
Fossa mandibularis
Discus rticularis
Caput mandibulae
Lig. sphenomandibulare
N lingualis
N alveolaris nferior
Hamulus terygoideus
Masticatory uscles
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.125 Lymph nodes and ymphaticso f h e h e a d n d h e n e c k , N o d iLy m p h o i d e ic a p i t i s t c e r v i c i s;a r r o w s n d i c a t e r a i n a o e r e a s .
Musc
Nodi ymphoideioccipitales
Nodi ymphoideimastoidei
Nodi ymphoideicervicales prolundi
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
a A temporalis rofunda osterior;, N temporalis rofundus
* l\4. terygoideus ateralis
s N suoraorbitalis, lateralis
$ N supraorbitalis, medialis
O A supratrochlearis
1' N supratrochlearis
a A angularis
& N. nfratrochlearis
a A infraorbitalis
s N ethmoidalisanterior, nasalise)dernus
s N infraorbitalis
g Rr alveolaressupenoresposteriores
& N buccalis
a A buccalis
a Rr.dentates; I A.alveolaris. Br. eridentareslilliJlid,
o A facialis
f N mentalis
a R mentalis
a ,, A ; N alveolaris nferior
pterygoideus medialis
A temporalissuperficialisDiscus
articularisProc
condylaris
A auricularisposterior
A maxillaris
A occipitalis
alveolarisinferior
A carotisexterna a 60 %
F i g . 135 a - c Va r i a t i o n s f he middLem e n i n g e a I r t er y, . m e n i ng e a m e d i a
* M
N mylohyoideus a A s ub me nt al is a A tacialis
F i g . 1 3 1 A r t e r i e s nd n e r v e s f h e head;d c c n c r l a t e r a l r c n i 6 l g .
A meningea media
M pterygoideuslateralis
Proccoronoideus
b 3 % c 3o/o
The m i d d l . e e n i n g e a I r t e r y, m e n i n g e a m e d i a , r a n c h e s f f p r o x i m a L t ohei n f e r i o r l v e o t a r r t e r y, a L v e o L a r i sn f e r i o r.T h e m i d d L e e n i n g e a L a r t er y, . m e n i n g e a m e d i a , ranches f facross r o m h e n f e r i o ra t v e o [ a r r t e r y, . a L v e o L a r i sn f e r i o r.T h e m i d d t em e n i n g e a L a r t e r y, . m e n i n g e a m e d i a , r a n c h e s f fd i s t a I t o h e n f e r i o ratveotar rtery, A. alveo[aris nferior.
N alveolaris nferior
N l ingua l i s
Maxillaryartery
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
, Rr.alveolares uperioresposteriores-, N, nfratrochlearis
a A angularis
& N inlra-orbitalis
i*,N massetericus
,. N buccalis
a A buccalis
.i N alveolaris nferior
, N l ingua l i s
Mandibula
Glandula sublingualis
.4. .auriculotemporalis
A temporalis uperficialis,R parietalis a A temporalis edia
meatus ,acusticiexternl
R auricularisX)
A ; N a u r i c u l a r i s o :posterior
A temporalissupedicialis
N facialis Vll] ;
N auriculo-temporalis
R digastricus
A occipitalis
meningea media a)
A maxillaris
Chorda ympani
A alveolarisnferior
N hypoglossus Xll]A l ingua l i s
A palatina ascendensa
N vagus X] ,Ansa cervicalis
A carotis ommunis
A facialis o
N hypoglossus Xll]Gangl ion ubmandibulare , ,
N mylohyoideus
3 o/o
b
a A subl ingual is
, N hypoglossus Xll]
131+1 3 8
lI
r i l
V256
a A submentalis
F i g . 136 A r t e r i e s nd nerves f he head ,deepes t a t e r a L egions
4 Yo
c
60 k
a
18%
d
F i g . 137 a - d Va r i a t i o n s n he c o u r s eo f h e m a x i t l a r y r t e r y, . m a x i t t a r i s .
T h e m a x i L [ a r y a r t e r y, A a x i L t a r i s , p a s s e s m e d i a t l y t o t h e l a t e r a t p t e r y g o i d m u s c [ e ,M . p t e r y g o i d e u s a t e r a I i s ,h e i n g u a I e r v e ,N LinguaLis ,n d h e n f e r i o r t v e o L a rn e r v e ,N . a L v e o L a r i sn f e r i o r.The m a x i t L a r y r t e r y, . m a x i t L a r i s , asses e t w e e n he LinguaL e r v e ,N . i n g u a t i s ,a n d h e n f e r i o r t v e o [ a r e r v e , N . a l v e o L a r i sn f e r i o r.The m a x i [ L a r yr t e r y, . m a x i [ L a r i s , asses h r o u g h L o o p o r m e d b y h e n f e r i o r
a t v e o t a r e r v e , N . a L v e o L a r i sn f e r i o r.T h e m i d d L e e n i n g e a L r t e r y, . m e n i n g e a m e d i a , r a n c h e s f f d i s t a Lo thei n f e r i o r t v e o [ a r r t e r y, a l v e o t a r i s n f e r i o r.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .1 5 3 U p p e r e n t a L r c a d e , r c u s d e n t a t i s u p e r i o r,and bony p a t a t e , a t a t u m s s e u m .
oral *
Dens molaris ll [serotinus]
Dens molaris
Dens premolaris lForamen mentale
Dens remolaris
Dens aninus
Dens ncisivus ateralis Dens ncisivus medialis
F i g ,1 5 4 L o w e r d e n t a I r c a d e , r c u s d e n t a l i s n f e r i o r+ In he m a n d i b l e r a I s synonymous i t h i n g u a t ,nd n he
m a x i t l at s synonymous i t h a t a t i n a t
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Dens Dens Dens Densincisivusateralis caninus molaris molaris l
F i g . 160 Deciduous e e t h , D e n t e s e c i d u i , f a 2 - y e a r- o l d h i t d;top row viewed rom vestiburar;bottom ow viewed obLiquel,yrom inferior.
Denscantnus
Denscantnus
F i g .1 5 9 Deciduous e e t h , D e n t e s e c i d u i , f a 3 - y e a r- o l . d h i L d ;v e s t i b u [ a r iew.
Maxi t ta
r i ght 55 54 53 6 2 6 3 6 4 6 5 , . .L E I L
72 73 74 75
M a n d i b L e
Dens Densincisivuslateralis aninus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 1 6 5 M a x i l . t a , a x i t L a , i t h d e c i d u o u s e e t h ,D e n t e s e c i d u i , n d h e i r s t p e r m a n e n t o o t h ;L e f t : m e d i a n i m e of e r u p t i o n n m o n t h s M l ;r i g h t : r d e r o f e r u p t i o n .
9 - 1 3
9-12 Y
10.-13.
1 8 - 4 0 Y
Fig.165 MaxiLta, axit l .a, i th permanent eeth, Dentesp e r m a e n t e s ;l e f t : m e d i a n i m e o f er u p t i o n n years Y l ;r i g h t :o r d e r o f e r u p t i o n .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Topography Organ reas I Sect ionsSativarygtands Topography
Dens aninus deciduus)
Dentesmolares decidui)
Dentesmolares decidui)
Dens aninus permanens)
Dentes remolares
Dens aninus
Dentes remolares. adices
Canalismandibulae
Dens molaris permanens) l
Dens molaris permanens)
Dentes remolares permanentes)
Foramen entale
F i g . 167 M a x i L t a , a x i t t a , n d m a n d i b t e , a n d i b u t a ,o f a 5 - y e a r- o [ d h i t d ;dec iduous e e t h a n d a n t a g e f p e r m a n e n t e e t h .
Dens molaris ll serotinus]
Dens molaris
F i g . 1 6 8 M a x i [ [ a , a x i L l a , n d m a n d i b L e , a n d i b u [ a ,o f a 2 0 - ye a r- o t d a [ e .
Dens molaris ll [serotinus]
Dens molaris l
tl
Foramen entale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Arcus ygomaticus Canalis nf aorbitalis Pala tum urum Septum asi
S u n f a c e l S k e t e t m n l M u s e lMouth/0rat
Tuberculum rticulare
Sinus maxillaris
Densmolaris l
Os hyoideum
lvleatus custicusexlernus
Proc condylaris
Palatum molle[Velum palatinum]
Canalis mandibulae
Dens caninus
Foramen mentale Densincis ivusl
Densincisivus
Denspremolaris
Denspremolaris l
Densmolaris
F i g . 6 9 M a x i t L a , a x i I L a ,n d m a n d i b L e , a n d i b u L a ;p a n o r a m i c a d i o g r a p h ;w i t h o u tw i s d o m e e t h .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.172 Hard nd oft aLate,Pa ta tum urum t motte;in fe r io riew.
Palatumdurum
Palatummoile
Dens ncisivus medialis)
Dens ncisivus(lateralis)
Dens aninus
Sur face lSke te ton l MuscMouth/Orat
Papilla ncisiva
Plicae palatinaeIransversae
Palatum urum
Raphe palati
Palatum ollelvelumpalatinuml
Arcuspalatoglossus
Arcuspalatopharyngeus
Uvula alatina
Dens remolaris
Dens remolarisl
Dens molaris
Dens molaris l
Dens molaris ll[serotinus]
N nasopalatinus
Rr alveolaressuperiores osteriores
Nn palatini
F i g . 1 7 3 S e n s i b l e n n e r v a t i o n f h e p a t a t e ,P a L a t u m , n d m a x i l t a ,M a x i t t a .O v e r l a p p i n g r e a s f n n e r v a t i o n r e n d i c a t e dt r a n s i t i o n f c o l o u r s .
Raphe palati
a A. palatina ajor
a N. palatinus aior
Foramen alatinum ajus
oy
Glandulae palatinae
Hamulus terygoideus
M uvulae
Arcus palatopharyngeus
Arcus alatoglossus
Tonsilla alatina
lsthmus aucium
Hamulus terygoideus
a M. constrictor haryngis uperior,Pars glossopharyngea
a M buccinator
Raphe terygomandibularis
a M. palatoglossus
e N lingualis
a M.constrictor haryngis uperior,Pars glossopharyngea
Fig. 171 Ora[ cavity,Cavitas r is , an dmuscLes f he p a t a t e ,M m . p a l a t i .
Dorsum inguae
a M. palatopharyngeus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
L i n g u a , n d m u s c l e s f h e o n g u e , M m . i n g u a e ;
Aponeurosisinguae
Septumilnguae
M.vansversus inguae
Glandula ingualis Plica imbriata
Frenulum inguae Facies nferioringuae
F i g . 179 Tongue , i n g u a , n d m u s c l e s f h e o n g u e , M m . i n g u a e ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n h r o u g h h e i p o f h e o n g u e .
M verticalis inguae M longitudinalissuperior
M transversus inguae
M longitudinalisinferior
Mm.genioglossus
F i g .1 8 0 To n g u e , i n g u a , n d m u s c l e s f h e o n g u e , M m . i n g u a e ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n t h e e v e [ f h e m i d d t e f h e o n o u e .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
v ; A l a c i a l i s F i g .1 9 0 P a r o t i d t a n d ,G t a n d u [ a a r o t i d e a .
Cartilago asi ateralis
a A carotis nterna
Proc. tyloideus
a A vertebralis
F i g . 1 9 1 P a r o t i d L a n d , t a n d u t a a r o t i d e a ,m a s t i c a t o r y u s c l e s ,M m . m a s t i c a t o r i i ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n ;i n f e r i o r i e w.
lV temporalis
Proc coronoideus
M pterygoideus ateralis
N lingualis
N alveolaris nferior&
Proc condylaris
A
temporalis uperficialis
temporalis uperficialis
Cartilago uriculae
Glandula arotidea
A. alveolarisnlerior
Cavitas nasi
Plexus avernosus
Concha nasalis media
Proc mastoideus a A occipitalis
and
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 194 S u b m a n d i b u t a r t a n d ,G [ a n d u t a u b m a n d i b u t a r i s ,a n d s u b t i n g u a l . t a n d ,G t a n d u [ a u b [ i n g u a t i s .
Caruncula ublingualis
Ductus ublingualis ajor
Ductus ubmandibularis
Glandula ublingualis
M genioglossus
M mylohyoideusN. ingualis
M geniohyoideus
M. digastricus, enter nterior
Os hyoideum, ornumajus
N lingualis
Glandula ubmandibularis
Ductus ubmandibularis
Radix inguae N. hypoglossus Xll]
F i g .195 S u b L i n g u a L[ a n d ,G t a n d u t a u b t i n g u a t i s ,a n d s u b m a n d i b u t a r t a n d , l a n d u t a u b m a n d i b u t a r i s ;s u D e n o r t e w.
A. alveolaris inferior
N alveolaris inferior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Topography Organ reas I Sect ionsSativary lands Topography
Uvula alatina
M. palatoglossus
l\,4 tyloglossus
Mm pharyngis
N glossopharyngeuslxl s
M. hyoglossus O
A lingualis O
Os hyoideum,Cornumajus
M hyoglossus
M. constrictor haryngis edius,Pars chondropharyngea
Maxilla
a N l ingual is
a M.genioglossus
a A. profunda inguae
Mandibula
a M. mylohyoideus
a M geniohyoideus
Fig . 98 Ar te r iesmedia Iv iew.
I N hypoglossus Xll]
a A sublingualis
and nerves f h e o n g u e , ingua;
* N palatinus ajor
o A. palatina majorNn,palatini inores
Uvula alatina
Tonsilla alatina
R tonsillaris
N. glossopharyngeus flXl a
A palatina ascendens, OR tonsillaris
O (A nasopalatina)
Canalis ncisivus
Dorsum inguae,Pars anterior
Papillae allatae
Mandibula
N glossopharyngeusilXl,,'Br linguales Tonsilla inoualis.
(Folliculi iri'guales)
F i g .1 9 9 A r t e r i e s n d n e r v e s f h e p a L a t e , a L a t u m ,and h e r o o t of h e o n g u e , a d i x i n g u a e ;m e d i a I i e w.
Arteries nd nerves f the oral cavitv
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 0 0 Ve s s e t s n d n e r v e s f h e o n g u e , i n g u a;m a j o r s a I i v a r y [ a n d s ,G t a n d u [ a e a t i v a r i a e a j o r e s ,a n d a r y n x , a r y n x ;a n t e r i o r - i n f e r i o r i e w.
MouthlOra
Ductus ublinguales inores
Plica ublingualis
a M genioglossus
a M geniohyoideus
Glandula ubl ingual is
a M styloglossus
0 M hyoglossus
a M mylohyoideus
Glandula ubmandibularis
a M digastricus, enter nterior
a M stylohyoideus
Os hyoideum
a M omohyoideus, enter uperior
a M sternohyoideus
a M thyrohyoideus
a l/. constrictor haryngisnferior
(Lobus yramidalis, ar.)
C M,sternothyroideus
N lingualis
Ganglion ubmandibulare
N hypoglossus Xll]
M mylohyoideus
Glandula ubmandibularis
Cartilago hyroidea
M cricothyroideus
Cartilago ricoidea
A : V laryngea uperior: oN. aryngeus uperior
Membrana hyrohyoidea
) 20 +,218,23r+,237
Musc
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Topography | 0rgan areas I Sect ionsSativarygtands Topography
A subl ingual is
N. sublingualis
N. lingualis a
M hyoglossus O
A. profunda inguae
A sublingualis
A lingualis
A thyroidea uperior O
M.geniohyoideus
Os hyoideum
Membrana hyrohyoidea
A thyroidea uperior,R. glandularis nterior
M cricothyroideus
Vessels nd nerves f the
o M genioglossus
Glandula ublingualis
O O A.;V subl ingual is
O A. profunda inguae
, N lingualis
a V profunda inguae
a M.styloglossus
a N hypoglossus Xll]
O V lingualis
a M hyoglossus
a A. carotis externa
o N laryngeus uperior,R. nternus
a Bifurcatio arotidis
a A laryngea uperior
o A. hyroidea uperior
o A c arotis ommunis
Cartilagohyroidea
Glandula hyroidea,Lobus sinister
lsthmus landulae hyroideae
F i g , 2 0 1 Ve s s e t s n d n e r v e s f h e ongue ,L i n g u a , n d h e h y r o i d t a n d ,G [ a n d u [ a h y r o i d e a ;a n t e r i o r - i n f e r i o r i e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
M.geniohyoideus /M. mylohyoideus a M. digastricus, enter nterior
F i g . 2 0 3 F r o n t a l e c t i o n h r o u g h he head o f a n e o n a t eat the [eve[ of the second upper molar ooth;a n t e r i o r i e wNote he absence f the maxittary inus and he ctose proximityo f h e o o t h a n t a g e o t h e o r b i t .
a M. rectus medialis
Septum asi
Concha asalis nferior
molaris l
Lingua
Corpus adiposum uccae
Ductus ubmandibularis
Glandula ublingualis
a O O N.:A.:V. alveolarisnferior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .205 S u rg i c a I c c e s s o t h e r a c h e aw i t h h e n e c k hyperextended.* C o n i o t o m y** U p p e r r a c h e o t o m yaboveh e s t h m u s f h e h y r oi d t a n d J***L o w e rr a c h e o t o m yb e L o wh e s t h m u s f he hyro id t a n d )
jugularis.
V, ugularis nterior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 2 2 C a r t i t a g e s fand v o c a l i g a m e n t , i g .v e n t r o s u p e r i o r i e w.
Lamina cartilaginis ricoideae
Cartilago orniculata
Conus lasticus
Lig.vocale
Incisura hyroidea uperior
t h e a r y n x , a r t i L a g i n e s a r y n g i s ,voca .e:
a C r i c o t h y r o i d u s c t e ,M. c r i c o t h y r o i d e u s
L a t e r a I r i c o - a r y t e n o i d usc te ,M . c r i c o a r y t e n o i d eu sa t e r a t i s
F i g .223 a - d S c h e m a h o w i n g he unct ionso f h e a r y n g e a I u s c l e s , M m . a r y n g i s ;y e l t o w r r o w s : e n s i o n f h e v o c a [ i g a m e n t ;r e d a r r o w s : m u s c t e o n t r a c t i o n :b I u e a r r o w s : d i r e c t i o n f r o t a t i o n :
0 b t i q u e n d r a n s v e r s e r y t e n o i d u s c l e s ,M m .a r y t e n o i d e i b t i q u u s t t r a n s v e r s u s
Posterior r ico-arytenoidusc[e ,M.cricoarytenoideusoster ior
the musctes n h e e f t a r e e [ a x e d ; t h o s e n he r ightare contracted:s u D e n o r t e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 3 5 L a r y n x , a r y n x .The w h i t e a r r o w n d i c a t e s h e c o n n e c t i o n e t w e e nthe aryngeaI e n t r i c L e n d h e a r y n g e a I a c c u l e .
Lig vocalea M vocalis
Larynx, ra nsverse ections
' .-fi. 'n+j
^^ t ' .
Fig.236 Larynx, arynx.
o l\4 constrictor haryngis nferior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 11 Ve s s e l s n d n e r v e s f h e h y r o i dL a n d ,
G t a n d u L ah y r o i d e a , n d h e a r y n x , a r y n x .
Cutis
lsthmus landulae hyroideae
Cartilagorachealis
Vertebracervicalis ll
F i g . 2 1 2 T h y r o i d t a n d ,G t a n d u t a h y r o i d e a ;o b I i q u e t t r a s o u n d mage n vent rodorsaL i r e c t i o n ;i n f e r i o r i e w r i g h t , 0 0 % )* U l t r a s o u n dh a d o w f h e r a c h e a
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 1 3 T h y r o i d L a n d , [ a n d u t a h y r o i d e a ;e n [ a rg e m e n t f h e h y r o i d l a n d w i t h h r e e o b v i o u s o de s , t r u m a nodosa .
Mm intrahyoidei
V jugularis xterna
Trachea
Corpus ertebrae
[/ erector pinae
Clavicula dextra
Manubrium terni
Fig.21t+ Neck, Cottum;c o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c C T l e c t i o n ;inferior iew.The r a c h e a s d ispLaced o w a r d s h e r i g h t b y a p a t h o l o g i c a l t yn t a rg e dnode o f h e h y r o i d l . a n d .
Costa
Proc. pinosus
* Node of he thyroid tand
Mandibula
V jugularis
Costa
Clavicula inistra
* Node of the hyroid tand
Fig.245 Neck, Cotlum;3 - d i m e n s i o n a I e c o n s t r u c t i o n r o m c o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c C T ) e c t i o n ss h o w i n g heaviLy n t a rg e d e f t o b e f h e h y r o i d l a n d ;s a m e p a t i e n t s n F i1 .244.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
cricothyroideusA V thyroidea uperior); oLig cricothyroideum edianum
Arcus cartilaginis ricoideae
Fascia ceruicalis, amina superf cialis
Fascia ceruicalis, amina pretrachealis
lsthmus landulae hyroldeae
V thyroideanferior
Arcus enosus ugularis
M sternothyroideus
Manubrium terni
Oesophagus
(Spatium oesophagotracheale)
F i g , 2 t 6 N a s a I a v i t y, a v i t a s as i ;o r a I c a v i t y, a v i t a s r i s ; p h a r y n x , h a r y n x ,and a r y n x , a r y n x ;p a r a m e d i a n e c t i o n .
Sketeton
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Levels of the pharynx;A N a s o p h a r y n x , ars nasa t i s h a r y n g i sB 0 r o p h a r y n x , a r s o r a t i s h a r y n g i sC L a r y n g o p h a r y n x , ypopharynx,
P a r s a r y n g e a h a r y n g i s
Concha nasalis nlerior
Proc. tyloideus
Torus ubarius
Ostium haryngeumtubae uditivae
Plica salpingopalatina
Torus evatorius
M pterygoideus edialis
Lig. stylomandibulare
PlicasalpingopharyngeaGlandulae haryngeales
Septum as i
palatina
Os hyoideum, ornu majus
thyroidea, ornu uperius
Plica erui aryngei uperioris
Incisura nteraMenoidea
A; V. hyroidea nferior
Fig.219 Pharynx, harynx.
N. maxillaris V/2]
N glossopharyngeus X]
N vagus X]
I
F i g .2 5 0 S e n s i b l e n n e r v a t i o n f h e p h a r y n x , h a r y n x .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
a V auricularis osterior'J N auricularis osterior Vll)
o A. auricularis osterior
a M epicranius,M occipitofrontalis,Venter ccipitalis
.' N occipitalis minor
s M sternocleidomastoideus
$ N auricularis agnus
e M levator capulae
* N accessorius xl ]
* lvl trapezius
. A occipitalis
a V occipitalis
* N occipitalismaJor
t Nn supraclaviculareslaterales
F i g .2 5 3 Ve s s e t s n d n e r v e s f h e a n t e r i o r n d h e a t e r a I e gi o nof he neck , R e g i o n e s e r v i c a t e s n t e r i o r t L a t e r aI i s ;superficia[ ayer.
Glandula arotidea
N auricularis agnus,Rr posteriores
V jugularis xterna
transversus olli,Rr superiores
Platysma
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.251 Vessets nd nerves of the lateraI egion of the neck,R e g i o e r v i c a t i s a t e r a t i s ;parts of the ptatysma ave been eftected raniatty nd hesuperficial ayer of the cervicaI ascia has been argety emoved
253
255
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
M pectoralis major l A transversa ollia., Plexus brachialis,
Pars supraclavicularis
F i g . 2 5 5 Vesse ts nd nerves f h e a n t e r i o r n d h e L at e r a I e g i o no f h e n e c k , R e g i o n e s e r v i c a L e s n t e r i o r t [ a t e r a t i s ;t h e s u p e r f i c i a l n d h e m i d d t e a y e r f h e c e r v i c a I f a s c r ahave een e m o v e d .
Skel.eton
25t,
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 5 6 Ve s s e [ s nd nerves f h e a t e r a I e g i o n f he neck ,R e g i o e r v i c a I i s a t e r a t i s ;a f t e r a I m o s t o m p L e t e e m o v a L o f h e s t e r n o c l e i d o m as t o i dm u s c L e .
a A auricularis osterior
* N auricularis osterior N, acialis)
0 M sternocleidomastoideus
a N occipitalis inor
* N accessorius Xl ]
a N cervicalis [C3], R anterior
I N cervicalis [C4], R. anterior
& Ansa cervicalis, Radix nferior
* Plexus brachialis, runcus suoerior
a A transversa olli,R superficialis
s M trapezius
a M omohyoideus,Venter nferior
oA transversacolli,R profundus
a A subclavia
o V jugularis xterna
o V, subclavia
C M pectoralismrnor
a l\il deltoideus
. V retromandibularis
, N cervicalis [C2] R anterior
255
257
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
M pectoralismtnorV cephalica o ,, N thoracodorsalis
A ; V thoracica ateralis a : N thoracicus ongusa W thoracoepigastricae
F i g .258 Vesse ts nd nerves f he a t e r a l e g i o n f he neck ,R e g i o e r v i c a L i sa t e r a t i s , n d he a x i t l a r y e g i o n , e g i o x i t l a r i s .The n u m b e r s - V l l l n d i c at e e n t r a L r a n c h e s f h ec o r r e s p o n d i n g e r v i c a I e r v e s
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 6 0 Ve s s e t s n d n e r v e s f h e n e c k , C o l t u m , n dt h e u p p e r h o r a c i c p e r t u r e , p e r t u r a h o r a c i s u p e r i o r.
a A carotis ommunis;t N laryngeus ecurrens
sinister
Vessels nd nerves f the neck and he upper horacic perture
259
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.261 Superficia[ ymphatics, asa ymphaticas u p e r f c i a l i a , n d y m p h n o d e s , N o d i y m p h o i d e i , f heh e a d a n d h e n e c k o f a n B - y e a r- o t d h i t d .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
o * A laryngea uperior; laryngeus uperior A thyroideasupenor
F i g , 2 6 2 Ve s s e t s n d n e r v e s f h e s u b m a n d i b u t a r r i a n g t e ,Tr i q o n u m u b m a n d i b u [ a r e .
4 o / o 1 2 o / o 30 % 35o/o 12o/o 5To
F i g . 2 6 3 L e v e l f h e b i f r c a t i o n f h e c o m m o n a r o t i d r t e r y,A c a r o t i s o m m u n i s . n r e t a t i o n o t h e c e r v i c a I e r t e b r a e .
su bma d bu a trianq e
1 o/o
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig. 65 LeveL f he en t ry f hever tebra Ia r te ry,.ver tebraLis ,n to het ransverseoramina , oraminaransversaria
F i g . 2 6 6 a - f Va r i a t i o n s n h e r u n c u s o r m e d b y h e n f e r i o r h y r o i d r t e r y,A . h y r o i d e a n f e r i o r, he suprascaput ar r t e r y, . s u p r a s c a p ut a r i s , h et r a n s v e r s e e r v i c a L r t e r y, . r a n s v e r s a o t I i , n d h e n t e r n a L h o r a c i ca r t e r y, . h o r a c i c a n t e r n a , h e n h e v e r t e b r a I r t e r y, v e r t e b r a l i s ,
b r a n c h e s f f s e p a r a t e t y r o m h e c o s t o c e r v i c a I r u n c u s , r u n c u sc o s t o c e r v i c a I i s .
90 0k
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
V cava superior a W brachiocephalicaedextra et sinistra
F i g . 2 6 7 Ve s s e l s n d n e r v e s t t h e r a n s i t i o nf r o m h e n e c k o t h e h o r a x .The n u m b e r s V- V l l l nd i c a t e e n t r a I r a n c h e s f h ec o r r e s p o n d i n g p i n a I e r v e s
F i g .2 5 8 a - d Va r i a t i o n s n h e o r i g i n f t h e v e r t e b r a L r t e r y,A.v e r t e b r a t i s
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 7 2 S c h e m a l l u s t r a t i n g he d i s t a n c e e t w e e nt h e r o o t o f h e o n g u e , R a d i x i n g u a e , n d h e e p i g [ o t t i s ,E p i g t o t t i s ,n he adut t
F i g . 2 7 3 S c h e m a t l u s t r a t i n g h a t h e L a r y n x nt h e n e o n a t e s p o s i t i o n e d o n s i d e r a b t y i g h e r ha ni n h e a d u t t .
Lig hyoepiglotticum
Glandula hyroidea Canihgines tracheales
F i g . 2 7 1 F a c i a L a r t o f h e h e a d , C a p u t , n d ne c k , C o L [ u m ;m e d i a n e c t i o n h r o u o h h e h e a d o f a n e o n a t e .
". .0rgans I Topography I Secti
M.constrictorpharyngis uperior
Epiglottis
Os hyoideum
M constrictorpharyngis medius
Lig thyrohyoideum edianum
Cartilagohyroidea
M aMenoideustransversus
M constrictorpharyngisnferior
Lig. ricothyroideum edianum
Cartilago cricoidea
Fascia cervicalis,Lamina superficialis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 8 0 S c a p u t a , S c a p u t a ;d o r s a I v i e w.
Fig. 281 ScapuLa, capuLa;[ateraI iew.
Cavitasglenoidalis
Fossasubscapularis
Faciescostalis
Acromion
Col lumscapurae Vertebra
thoracica
Costa
Articulatioslerno-clavicularis60 'Sternum
Proc coracoideus
Fig. 282 Scaputa, capura;v e n t r a I i e w
Planum medianum*
F i g . 2 8 3 S h o u l d e r i r d t e , i n g u t u m e c t o r a t e ;s u p e f l o r r e w.The angLes e f e r o t h e a v e r a g e eL a t i o n s n hea d u L t .* M e d i a n t a n e**S c a p u t a r t a n e
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 2 9 1 S h o u t d e r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i o u m e r i ;s e c t i o n t t h e e v e l f h e s c a p u t a :ventraI iew
LigClavicula
Lig trapezoideum
Lig conoideum )Li9. coracoctauicutare
Cavitas glenoidalis
Labrum glenoidale*
M triceps rachii, aput ongum
F i g . 2 9 2 S h o u t d e r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i o u m e r i ;L a t e r a I v i e w.N e x t o i t s o r i g i n t t h e s u p r a g [ e n o i d a Lu b e r c L e ,he endo n f he b icepsm u s c t e s p r e d o m i n a n t l y t t a c h e d o t h e g l e n o i d a b r u m .* lt forms ibrocarti taginousoltar round he glenoid avity
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .305 Junct ions f h e b o n e s f h e o r e a r m ;i n s u p i n a t i o n ;v e n t r a l v i e w.
Proc. tyloideus
F i g . 3 0 6 J u n c t i o n s f he bones f h e o r e a r m ;i n p r o n a t i o n ;v e n t r a l i e wo f h e u l n a . d o r s a l i e w o f h e r a d i u s .
Ulna
Margoposterior
Facies osterior posterior
F i g . 3 0 8 C r o s s - s e c t i o n hrough he bones f hef o r e a r m ;d i s t a I v i e w.
Tuberositas lnae
Proccoronoideus
Incrsuratrochlearis
Olecranon
F i g .3 0 7 P r o x i m a I a d i o - u t n a r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i oa d i o - u t n a r i s r o x i m a L i s ;v e n t r o o r o x i m a L v i e w.
Membrana nterossea ntebrachii
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
I Po l . t exDig i tus r imusll l IndexDigitus ecundus]l l l Dig i tus ed ius Digituser t ius ]lV Dig i tus nutaris Dig i tusuar tusJV D i g i t u s i n i m u s D i g i t u su i n t u s l
F ig . 13 Bones f he hand, ssa anus ;pa tmar iew.
Os riquetrum
Os pisilorme
Os capitatumOs hamatum
Hamulus ssis amati
Basis ossis metacarpi
Corpus ossis metacarpi
Caput ossis metacarpi
Ossa esamoidea
Phalanx proximalis
Phalanx distalis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 1 5 B o n e s f h e h a n d ,O s s a m a n u s ;d o r s a I i e w* A l s o : addteo i n t f h e h u m b+ *A l s o : r o x i m a IhatangeaLo i n t f h e h u m b
Caput ssis metacarpiBasis halangis
Ulna
Caput lnaeProc styloideus lnae
Os unatum
Os riquetrum
Os pisiforme
Os hamatum
Basis ssis metacarDi
Caput lnae
Proc styloideus lnae
Musc
Ulna
Os riquetrum
Os pisiforme
Os hamatum, amulus ssis
Ossa arpi
Ossa metacarpi -V
Ossa igitorum
F i g . 3 1 4 B o n e s f h e h a n d , O s s a m a n u s ;p a t m a r r e w.
Radius
Proc. tyloideus adii
Os scaphoideum
Os rapezium
Os rapezoideum
Articulatio arpometa-carpalis ollicis*
Os capitatum
Os metacarpi
Articulatiometacarpo-phalangea ollicis**
Phalanx proximalis
Phalanx distalls
Phalanx roximalis
Phalanx edia
Phalanx istalis
Os sesamoideum
Tuberositas halangis istalis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .3 1 8 C a r p a I o i n t s ,A r t i c u [ a t i o n e s a r p i ;L o n g i t u d i n a Le c t i o n a r a t L e Io t h e d o r s u m o f h e h a n d .
Articulatio adioulnaris istalis
Proc styloideusurnae
R a d u s ;i g . 1 9 U t n a n d a d i u s , l n a td i s t a L v i e w
Articulatioadioulnaris istalis
Procstyloideus
radii
Facies rticularis arpalis
F i g .3 2 0 D i s t a I a d i o - u t n a r o i n t ,A r t i c u t a t i o a d i o u L n a r i s i s t a t i s :d i s t a t - d o r s a L v i e w.
Discus rticularis
Caput lnae
]\ Proc styloideusulnae
Tuberculum orsale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .3 2 3 F i n g e r o i n t s , r t i c u t a t i o n e s i g i t i ;c a n i i i a l c e r t i n n .
[ateraI iew.
Os metacarpi pollicis
M flexor pollicisbrevis Ossa esamoidea
Lig collaterale
M flexor pollicis ongus
Vagina endinis usculiflexoris ollicisongi
Fig.322 Metacarpopha[angeaI oint oft h e h u m b , A r t i c u t a t i o e t a c a r p o p h a La n g e a o t l i c i s ;r a d i a L - p a t m a r i e w.
Articulatiometacarpophalangea,Caosula articularis
Phalanx distalis
Articulationterphalangea anus istalis**'Phalanx media
* C L i n i c a te r m ; M P =m e t a c a r p o p h a t a n g e a to i n t l** C L i n i c a Ie r m ; P I P =p r o x i m a t i n t e r p h a t a n g e a to i n t )' * * C L i n i c a Ie r m : D I P =d i s t a t n t e r p h a L a n g e a to i n t )
Basis halangis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 3 6 M u s c l e s f h e a r m , h e h o r a x n d h e n f e r i o r eg i o nof he neck .l , l , V- V l l n d i c a t e h e c o r r e s p o n d i ng ibs .
Sur face l ske t e ton l Musc lOverview Shoulder Upper rm
M.scalenus edius
lvl scalenus nterior
Mm sternocleidomastoidei
M subclavius
Mm. ntercostalesnterni
Mm intercostales xterni
M pectoralis inor
M pectoralismajor
HumerusVagina endinis ntertubercularis
Lig coracoacromiale
l\4 scalenusposterior
M deltoideus
[/ bicepsbrachii,
Caput ongum
Clavicula
M coracobrachialis
M levator scapulae
Spina scapulae
M. bicepsbrachii,
Caput breve
M coraco-brachialis
M, eres major
M subscapularis
M serratus nterior
M serratus nterior
M, atissimus orsi
M reclus bdominis
Clavicula
I Caput ongumM biceps rachii
I Caput reve
Proc coracoideus
N suprascapularis
Lig transversum capulae uperius
lvlsubscapularis
M supraspinatus
AcromionM infraspinatus
Articulatiocromioclavicularis
F i g . 3 3 7 S h o u l d e r nd muscLes f h e s h o u t d e r.To g e t h e r, he muscle endons m a r k e d w i t h * f o r mt h e s o - c a l t e d o t a t o r u f f .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .3 3 8 S h o u l d e r n d m u s c l e s f h e s h o u [ d e r.x Tr i a n g u [ a rp a c e , p a t i u m x i t l a r e e d i a t e**Q u a d r a n g u t a rpace , p a t i u m x i l L a r ea t e r a [ e
M omohyoideus, enter nferior
Acromion
lvlargomedialis
M. eres major
M serratus nterior
Bursa ubdeltoidea
M, deltoideus
M deltoideus
Humerus, ollum hirurgicum
Articulatioumeri,Capsula rticularis
M. homboideusmalor
M triceps brachii,Caput ongum
M. triceps brachii,Caput aterale
F i g .3 3 9 S h o u l d e r n d musctes f h e s h o u t d e r.+ Tr i a n g u L a rpace , p a t i u m x i l t a r e e d i a t e**Quadrangutarpace, patium xittareaterale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
0riginsand nsertionsof the muscles f the shoulder nd he arm
Overview Shoulder Arm
M subscapularis
M biceps brachii,Caput ongum
lvl coracobrachialis
M biceps brachii,Caput breve
M supraspinatus
M pectoralis inor
M deltoideus
Fig. 43C av icua,laswetL s
M subclaviusM sternocleidomastoideus
lvl pectoralismajor,Pars lavicularis
Lig costoclaviculare
l\4omohvoideus. enter nferior
M subscapularis
M serratus nterior
M coracobrachialis
lvlpronator eres, Caput umerale
M flexorcarpi radialis
Epicondylus medialis
M palmaris ongus
M llexor arpi lnaris, aput umerale
M flexor igitorum uperficialis, aput umeroulnare
M pronator eres, Caput lnare
M brachialis
lvl atissimus orsi
M triceps rachii,Caput ongum
l\4 eres major
M pectoralis major
M deltoideus
M brachialis
M brachioradialis
M extensor arpi adialis ongus
M brachialis, M articularis ubiti
M extensor carpi radialis brevis
M biceps brachii M flexor arpi lnaris, aput lnare
0 r i g i n sa n d n s e r t i o n s f h e m u s c L e s t t h e c [ a v i c t et h e s c a p u t a , c a p u l a , n d h e h u m e r u s , u m e r u su t n a r r i q i n s f m u L t i - h e a d u s c t e s J .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 11 0 r i g i n sand n s e r t i o n s f he musctes t h e c t a v i c l e ,C l a v i c u t a ,h e s c a p u l . a , c a p u t a , n d h e h u m e r u s , H u m e r u s( a s w e t Ia s u l n a r o r i g i n s f m u [ t i - h e a d m u s c t e s J .
M triceps rachii, aput aterale
M brachioradialis
SeDtumntermusculare rachii aterale
l\4 extensor arpi adialis ongus
Epicondylusateralis
M extensor carDi adialis brevis
M.extensor igitorum
M extensor arpi lnaris
M latissimus orsi(Origo capularis, ar
l\/ triceps brachii, Caput mediale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig .349 Musc tes f he arm;ftexor spect, uperficia[ ayer.* Triangu[ar pace , Spat ium xi t laremedia[e** Quadrangutar pace , Spat ium xi l tare a tera[e
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 5 1 M u s c L e s f h e a r m ;e x t e n s o r s p e c t , e e p a y e r.x Tr i a n g u t a rp a c e , p a t i u m x i l t a r e e d i a t ex*Q u a d r a n g u t a rp a c e , p a t i u m x i t t a r ea t e r a l e
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
)rigins and nsertions f the ventral muscles f the orearm
M brachialisM brachioradialis
l\4extensor arpi adialis ongus
M articularisubiti
M extensor arpi adialis revis
M pronator uadratus
F i g . 3 5 2 0 r i g i n s a n d n s e r t i o n s f h e m u s c l e sa t h e a d i u s , a d i u s , h e u l n a ,U L n a , n d h ed i s t a lp a r t o f h e h u m e r u s , H u m e r u s .
M. exor igitorum uperfcialis,Caput umeroulnare
M pronator eres,Caput lnare
M brachialis
M flexor pollicis ongus
Chorda obliqua
Membrana nterossea ntebrachii
M llexor digitorum profundus
lvl pronator uadratus
M supinator
M biceps brachii
M flexor digitorum superficialis, aput radiale
lvlpronator eres
M flexor ollicisongus
M, brachioradialis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
)rigins and nsertions f the dorsal muscles f the orearm
Septum ntermusculare rachiimediale
M triceps rachii; articularis ubiti
N4 riceps brachii
Epicondylus medialis
Mm llexores. CaDUt ommune
M anconeus
M flexor carpi ulnaris
F i g .3 5 1 0 r i g i n s n d n s e r t i o n s f h e m u s c L e sa t h e a d i u s , a d i u s, he u L n a , L n a , nd h ed i s t a I a r to f h e h u m e r u s , u m e r u s .
flexor igitorum rofundus
lvl extensor arpiulnaris
Membrana nterossea ntebrachii
M extensor ollicisongus
M extensor ndicis
M extensor carpi radialis ongus
Epicondylus ateralis
l\4. xtensor carpi radialis brevis
M extensordigitorum
M supinator
M pronator eres
M abductor ollicisongus
M extensor pollicisbrevis
M abductor pollicis ongus
M extensor igitiminimi
lvl extensor igitorum
l\4extensor arpi lnaris
M extensor ollicis revis
l\4extensor ollicisongus
M extensor arpi adialisongus
l\4 extensor arpi adialis revis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .3 6 6 M u s c L e s f h e o r e a r m n dt h e d i s t a t a r t o f h e a r m ;l a t e r a I v i e w ;i n t e r m e d i a t e o s i t i o n f h e o r e a r m b e t w e e ns u p i n a t i o n n d p r o n a t i o n .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 6 7 M u s c t e s f h e o r e a r m ndt h e d i s t a t a r t o f h e a r m ;e x t e n s o r s p e c t , u p e r f c i a [ a y e r ;i n t e r m e d i a t e o s i t i o n f h e o r e a r m e t w e e ns u o i n a t i o n n d o r o n a t i o n .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 6 8 MuscLes f h e o r e a r m ;e x t e n s o r s p e c t , m i d d t e a y e r ;i n t e r m e d i a t e o s i t i o n f t h e o r e a r m e t w e e ns u p i n a t i o n n d p r o n a t i o n .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 6 9 M u s c t e s f h e o r e a r m nd h e h a n d ;e x t e n s o r s p e c t , e e p a y e r ;i n t e r m e d i a t e o s i t i o n f h e o r e a r m b e t w e e ns u p i n a t i o n n d p r o n a t i o n* The endon ompartments ormed y he extensor etinacutum
have een pened o n g i t u d i n a t t y
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 3 7 0 F o r e a r m n s u p i n a t i o n ;v e n t r o p a t m a r i ewA r r o w s n d i c a t e h e d i r e c t i o n f o r c e g e n e r a t e dby he m a i n s u p i n a t o rmuscLes .
> 1 3 2 , T 3 3 , T 3 5
F i g . 3 7 1 F o r e a r m n p r o n a t i o n ;v e n t r a I i e wof he e t b o w e q i o n . o r s a I i e w o f h ed o r s u m f h e h a n d .A r r o w s n d i c a t e he d i r e c i i o n f o r c e g e n e r a t e dby he main p r o n a t o rm u s c l e s .
) T 3 2 , T 3 3 , T 3 5
Tendo
N radialis,B profundus
M supinator
Articulatioadioulnarisdistalis, apsula
articularis
lvl pronator eres,Caput lnare
lvl pronator eres,Caput umerale
M palmaris ongus
M. flexor carpi radialis
lvlembranainterossea ntebrachii
Ulna
pronator uadratus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig, 82 DorsaI nterosseous usc tes ,Mm. n te rosse i orsa tes ;dorsaI iew.
F i g .3 8 3 P a t m a r n t e r o s s e o u s usc tes ,M m . n t e r o s s e i a t m a r e s ;p a t m a r i e w.The e n d o n s f h e n t e r o s s e o u s nd heI ' u m b r i c a I u s c l e s a d i a t e n t o h e s o - c a t l e dd o r s a I p o n e u r o s i s f h e i n g e r s a r r o w s J .
M interosseuspalmaris ll
M. nterosseuspalmaris l
M. nterosseuspalmaris
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .3 8 4 L u m b r i c a Im u s c t e s ,M m . u m b r i c a [ e s ;p a t m a r i e w
M extensor ndicis, endo
M interosseus orsalis. nterosseusdorsalis
l\4 umbricalis
Vincula onga
Vinculum reve
Articulatiometacarpophalangea l,
Capsula articularis
Vagina endinis,Stratum ibrosum
Lig collaterale
Lig.collaterale
b
F i g . 3 8 5 a , b Tendon n s e r t i o n s t t h e n d e x ;the endons f b o t h l e x o r s a v e e e n d i s s e c t e d r o mthe endon h e a t h .a P a L m a r i ewb L a t e r a I i e w
Os metacarpi l
M interosseuspalmaris
M flexordigitorumprofundus, endo
Vincula endinum
Tuberositasphalangisdistalis
M lumbricalis
M. lexor igitorumsuperficialis, endo
Vagina endinis,Stratum ynoviale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
+ a Truncus uperiorb Truncus ediusc Truncus nferior
o a Fasciculus ateralisb Fasciculus osteriorc Fasciculus edialis
Parssupraclavicularis
Pars
infraclavicularis
N musculocutaneus C5-C7)
N medianus C5-T1)
N. axillarisC5,C6 )
N radialis C5-T1)
N cutaneus brachii medialis Tl )
N cutaneus antebrachii medialis C8, T1 )
N ulnaris C7-Tl
1 N. phrenicus Plexus ervicalis)2 N dorsalis capulae C5 )3 Rr. musculares4 N suprascapularis C5,CO)5 N subclavius C5,C6)6 N, pectoralisateralis C5-C7)7 N. subscapularis C5-C7)I N thoracodorsalisC6-C8)9 N pectoralis edialis C8,Tl )
10 N thoracicus ongus C5-C7)1.1 N intercostalisT1 )
F i g . 3 8 6 B r a c h i a L t e x u s , l e x u s r a c h i a I i s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .4 0 6 A r t e r i e s f h e u p p e r i m b ;overytew.A r t e r i e s d j a c e n t o t h e e l b o w o i n t o r m h ec u b i t a I a n a s t o m o s i s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 107 S u p e r f c i a L y m p h a t i c s ,y m p h nodes nd v e i n r u n k sin he reg ions f h e a r m , h e a t e r a I h o r a c i c a t Ia n d h e a x i t l a .
0 ve rv ie w S h ou l de r A r m
Papillamammana
Vasalymphaticasuperficialia
Nodi ymphoideiaxillares
(Plexus ymphaticusaxillaris)
Vasalymphatica
superlicialia
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Sur face lSke te ton l MuscOverview S ho ut de r Arm
& N intercostobrachialis
* N cutaneus rachii medialis
Nn supraclavicularesaterales
V cephalica o
N. musculocutaneus ,cutaneus ntebrachii ateralis
V mediana ubiti
N, radialis, N cutaneus $antebrachii posterior
V mediana antebrachii a
& N
O V
cutaneus antebrachii medialis
basilica
N cutaneus antebrachii medialis.R posterior
i N cutaneus antebrachii medialis,R anterior
I + 1 7
407
I+21
a V basilica
F i g . 4 1 5 E p i f a s c i a I e s s e l s nd n e r v e s f he s h o u t d e r,R e g i o e t t o i d e a , h e a n t e r i o r e g i o n f h e a r m ,R e g i o r a c h i i n t e r i o r, n d h e a n t e r i o r e g i o nof he e t b o w, R e g i o u b i t a L i s n t e r i o r.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
a V cephalicaI N radialis, N cutaneus antebrachii osterior
Olecranon
Epicondylusateralis
F i g . 11 6 E p i f a s c i a I esse ts nd n e r v e s f h e s h o u t d e r,R e g i o e l t o i d e a , h e p o s t e r i o r egion f he a r m ,Regio r a c h i i o s t e r i o r, nd he p o s t e r i o r e g i o no f h e e t b o w, R e g i o u b i t a t i s o s t e r i o r.
119ry22
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.120 Arteries and nerves of the scaputar egion,R e g i o c a p u [ a r i s , n d h e p o s t e r i o r e g i o no f h e a r m , R e g i o r a c h i i o s t e r i o r.
a N. cutaneus rachii
lateralis nferior(N. adialis)
O A collateralisradialis,R anterior
a N. cutaneusantebrachii osterior(N radialis)
a N. cutaneusantebrachii ateralis(N.musculocutaneus)
Arteries nd nerves f the arm
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 4 2 1 Ve i n s nd n e r v e s f h e a n t e r i o r e g i o no f h e o r e a r m , Regio n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r ;e p i f a s c i a [a y e r.
Fig. r22 Veins and nerves of the posterior egiono f h e o r e a r m , R e g i o n t e b r a c h i i o s t e r i o r ;^ ^ ; { - - ^ i - t t ^ . , ^ -s p i l d > L r d r L d y g t .
439
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Topography SectionsC ub it at o ssa F or ea rm Hand
V cephalica
V mediana cubiti
V cephalica
(V, mediana cephalica)
V medianaantebrachii
V cephalica
F i g . 4 2 3 a - c Va r i a t i o n scubi ta I ossa .
V basilica
V medianaantebrachii
V basilica
(A. brachialissuperficialis, ar *
(V mediana basilica)
V basilica
V cephalica
V basilica
V mediana cubiti
With regard o in t ravenous nject ions , his rare var ia t ion s par t icutar tyimportant , s a supposed[y ntravenous nject ion an mistaken[ybecome ntra-ar ter ia[ .
of the cubital ossa
i n h e e p i f a s c i a I e i n s f h e
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 1 2 1 A r t e r i e s nd nerves f h e a n t e r i o r e g i o no f h e o r e a r m , R e g i o n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r ;subfasciaI ayer.
F i g , 1 2 5 A r t e r i e s n d n e r v e s f h e a n t e r i o r e g i o no f h e o r e a r m , R e g i o n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r ;c o u r s e f h e r a d i a I r t e r y, . r a d i a t i s
421
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 26 A r t e r i e s n d n e r v e s f h e a n t e r i o r e g i o no f h e o r e a r m , R e g i o n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r ;oeep ayer.
+ 19
12
F i g . 1 2 7 A r t e r i e s n d n e r v e s f h e a n t e r i o r e g i o nof h e o r e a r m , R e g i o n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r ;deep ayer after partiaI emovaI f the f exord i g i t o r u m u p e r f i c i a t i s u s c t e .
Arteries nd nerves f the orearm
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.428 Arteries and nerves of the anterior egiono f h e e t b o w, R e g i o u b i t a L i s n t e r i o r ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e r a d i a t m u s c l e s f h e o r e a r m :l a t e r a [ r a d i a U i e w.
O A collateralisulnaris nferior
N medianus
A brachialis
M.biceps rachii
M. brachialis
M. brachioradialis
N. radialis
Mm flexores Oantebrachii
A ulnaris
A radialis
M. pronator eres O
N medianus
Septumintermuscularebrachiimediale
Aponeurosis usculibicipitis rachii
Epicondylusmedialis
a N. ulnaris
Olecranon
M flexorcarpi lnaris
a N ulnaris
a M flexordigitorum rofundus
Fig.129 Arteries and nerves of the anterior egiono f h e e t b o w, R e g i o u b i t a t i s n t e r i o r ;after partiaI emovat f the f exor musctes of the forearm;m e d i a [ u L n a r ] i e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 1 3 2 A r t e r i e s f h e p a t m , PaLma;overytew.
F i g .433 a - d Va r i a t i o n s f t h e d e e p p a l m a r a r c h ,Arcus o a L m a r i s r o f n d u s .a
'Textbookc a s e " , i m p L e , L o s e d r c h
b D o u b l . i n q f h e u L n a r a r r
A n a s t o m o s i s i t h h e a n t e r i o r n t e r o s s e o u s r t e r y,A . n t e r o s s e a n t e r i o r *]T h e a d i a I r t e r y, r a d i a I i s , u p p I i e s o t h a d i a t f i n g e r s ,w h e r e a s h e u l n a r a r t e r y, . u t n a r i s , u p p l i e s h e h r e eu I n a r i n o e r s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .4 3 5 A r t e r i e s n d n e r v e s f h e p a L m , a l m a ;middte Laver.
F i g , 4 3 6 a - c Va r i a t i o n s f h e s u p e r f i c i a I a t m a r r c h ,A r c u s o a I m a r i s u o e r f i c i a t i s .a "Textbookcase" , toseo r cnb The u t n a r a r t e r y, u t n a r i s , u p p t i e s h e h r e e u t n a r i n g e r s .c A L I i n g e r s r e suppt ied y h e u t n a r a r t e r y, u t n a r r s
37 Yo 35o/o 1 3 o / o
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 111 F a s c i a I c o m p a r t m e n t s o f t h e h a n d .* C [ i n i c a Ie r m : i g a m e n t f G RAY S O N+ * C t i n i c a Ie r m ; i g a m e n t f c L E L A N D* * * C t i n i c a It e r m : u l n a r a n a [ , a n a t i s t n o c a r p a t i st o g e e G U Y O N I
Topographic paces f the hand
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 11 2 H a n d , Manus ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n t t h e L e v e I f h e u t n a r p t a n e f h e m i d d t e n g e r.* C t i n i c a Le r m : i g a m e n t fc L E L A N D* +C [ i n i c a Le r m : i g a m e n t fG R AY S O N
Os unatum
o Rete arpale orsale
Os capitatum
Os metacarpi ll,Basis
t M, nterosseus almaris l
a M interosseus orsalis ll
a A. metacarpalis orsalis ll
O A digitalis orsalis
Membrana nterossea
a A interossea osterior
a M extensordigitorum
a M, abductor ollicisongus, endines
a M extensor ollicisongus, endo
Radius
Articulatioadiocarpalis
Mus
l\4 lexor igitorum uperficialis,endines
Rete carpale oalmare a
Aooneurosis almaris
A metacarpalis almaris ll O
Arcus almaris uperficialis
A digitalis almaris ommunis ll a
M lumbr ica l i s l l ,Tendo a
A digitalispalmaris propria O
Phalanx proximalis
Vagina endinum
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 11 5 A r m , B r a c h i u m ;t r a n s v e r s e e c t i o n .
F i g . 11 7 A r m , B r a c h i u m ,m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l ) ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n t t h e e v e [ f h e m i d d t e f h e a r m :distaI iew.
a M biceps rachii
& N musculocutaneus
a A. brachialis
O V brachialis
s N medianus
o V basilica
s N. u lna r i s
SeDtumntermusculare rachiimediale
a lvl. riceps rachii, ap ut ongum
a M triceps brachii, Caput mediale
lvl biceps rachii
V brachialis
V basilica
Septum ntermusculare rachiimediale
M triceps rachii
Arm, ransverse ections
Fascia brachii
V cephalica a
M brachialis
M coracobrachialis
Humerus
Septum ntermusculare rachiiaterale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig. 118 Arm, Brachiumt r a n s v e r s e e c t i o n h r o u g h h e o w e r h i r do f h e a r m .
F i g . t 9 A r m , B r a c h i u mm a g n e t r c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l l ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n t t h e e v e [ f h e o w e r h i r d o f h e a r m :distaI iew.
Arm, ransverse ections
Fascia brachii
o A brachialis
N cutaneus ntebrachii edialis
a V brachialis
* N medianus
t N, cutaneus brachii medialis
a V basilica
a A collateralis lnaris uperior
Seotum ntermusculare rachii mediale
* N ulnaris
M, biceps brachii
A brachialis
V basilica
M brachialis
Humerus
Ulna
M triceps brachii
s l\,4 iceps rachii
M. brachialis
V cephalica a
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.452 Forearm, ntebrachium;t ransverse ec t ionhrough he ower hird fthe orearm.
M. palmaris ongus, endo
M, lexorcarpi lnaris
M. lexordigitorum rolundus
Ulna
Membrana nterosseaantebrachii
F i g . 4 5 3 F o r e a r m , A n t e b r a c h i u m ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l ) ;cross-section t the Level f the middl.e f the forearm:distaI view.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.457 Middte nger, ig i tus edius l l l l ;t r a n s v e r s e e c t i o n h r o u g h h e s h a f t o f t h e p r o x i m a l h a L a n x .
Corpus halangis
Mesotendineum
N digitalis almaris roprius
M flexor igitorum rofundus, endo
F i g . 4 5 8 M i d d L e i n g e r , i g i t u s e d i u s l l l l ;t r a n s v e r s e e c t i o n h r o u g h h e s h a f t o f h e m i d d t e h a t a n x
Hand, tra nsve se secti ns
a Aa digitales almares ommunes;r, N medianus
a M. lexor igitorum uperficialis,Tendines
O lV abductordigitiminimia M opponens
digitiminimi
Os metacarpi
o M flexor igitorum rofundus,Tendines
O M extensor digiti minimi
o l\/ flexor igitorum rofundus, endo
a A digitalis almaris ropria
Vagina endinum digiti
* S o - c a t t e d o r s a I p o n e u r o s i s n t ow h i c h h e b r a n c h i n g e n d o nof he extensor igi torummuscte , s wet l as the endons f theinterosseous nd umbricaI musctes adia te
a A digitalis almaris ropria
Vagina endinum digiti
Mm. umbricales
M flexor ollicis revis,Caput uperficiale
l\4 lexor pollicis ongus, Tendo, OVagina endinis
M.abductor ollicisongus
M opponens ollicis
Os metacarpi ollicis
[,l1 xtensor ollicis revisa
lvl extensor ollicisonqus,Tendo, agina end-inis a M interosseus almaris ll
M flexor ollicis revis,Caput rofundum o M. nterosseus orsalis V
M adductor pollicisoOs metacarpi V
M interosseus orsalis OA metacarDalis almaris a M. nterosseus almaris l
Os metacarpi ndicis
M. nterosseus almaris a a M interosseus orsalis llM interosseus orsalis l O
F i g . 4 5 6 M e t a c a r p u s ,M e t a c a r p u s ; r a n s v e r s e e c t i o n t t h e e v e I f h e h i r d m e t a c a r p a I one .
Corpus halangis o M extensordigitorum,Tendo*
N digitalisdorsalis c & N digitalis orsalis
* So-cat led orsaI aponeurosts
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entrictes Topography Sections Sp ina t ord Pathways
A callosomarginalis
A cerebri nterior
A ophthalmica
Siphon aroticum
A carotis nterna,Pars cavernosa
F i g . 4 6 0 I n t e r n a I r t e r i e s f h e h e a d .
A cerebrimedia
A carotis nterna,Pars erebralis
A. communicansposterior
A cerebri osterior
A inferior nterior erebelli
A basilaris
A. nferior osterior erebelli
A carotis nterna. Pars Detrosa
A vertebralis
A carotis nterna. Pars cervicalisA carotis xterna
A. carotis ommunis
The c o n t r a s t m e d i u m t s o d i s t r i b u t e s o t h e vesse ts f hec o n t r a t a t e r a t i d e i a h e a r t e r i a I i r c t e .a A P - r a d i o g r a p h , i g i t a t u b t r a c t i o n n g i o g r a p h y D S A ]b L a t e r a I a d i o g r a p h , i g i t a Lu b t r a c t i o n n g i o g r a p h y DSA)
F i g . 4 6 1 a , b I n t e r n a I a r o t i d r t e r y, . c a r o t i s n t e r n a ;r a d i o g r a p h s f t e ru n i t a t e r a I n j e c t i o n f a c o n t r a s t m e d i u m[ a g o g a m s ) .
Arteriesof the head
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entr ic[es Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
Sinus agittalis uperiorV emissaria arietalis
Lacunae aterales
Os parietale
Vv diploicae
Duramater ranialis
Arachnoidea atercranialis
Pia mater ranialis
Spatiumsubarachnoideum
Substantia lb a
Sutura agittalis
F i g . 4 6 3 C a l v a r i a , a t v a r i a ; e n i n g e s , e n i n g e s , n d d u r a Ivenous inuses , inus u r a e m a t r i s .I n h e a d u [ t , h e c e r e b r o s p i n a t L u i ds m a i n [ y e a b s o r b e d nt othe venous y s t e m h r o u g h h e a r a c h n o i d r a n u t a t i o n s .A d d i t i o n a L t y,e a b s o r p t i o n c c u r s h r o u g h h e y m p h a t i cs h e a t h s f s ma [ L e s s e t s f h e c r a n i a L i a m a t e r and h r o u g hthe p e r i n e u r a I h e a t h s f h e c r a n i a L n d h e s p i n a L e r v e s .
Granulationes rachnoideae
. \Eproermrs I
I cutisDermis Corium]J
Galea poneurotica
Lamina xterna
Diploe
Lamina nterna
Spatium
]""*."
Sutura agittalis
Vv diploicaeoccipitales
W diploicaeemporalesposteflores
F i g . 1 6 1 D i p t o i c a n a [ s , a n a t e s i p L o i c i , nd d i p t o i c e i n s ,V v. i p l o i c a e , f h e c a l v a r i a ;
t h e e x t e r n a I a b t e f c o m o a c t one h a s been emoved r omt h e c a t v a r i a .
Sutura oronalis
W diploicaefrontales
Vv diploicaetemporalesanteriores
Veins f the head
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Bl.ood essels CraniaI ase Craniat erves Meninges Parts f he b
Dural venous lnuses
Sinus etrosus nferior
Sinus phenooarietalis
A carotis nterna
Sinus agittalis uperior
Sinus agittalisnferior
W superiores erebri
V magna erebri
Sinus ransversus
Sinus igmoideus
Sinus ectus
Confluens inuum
Sinus ccipitalis
Sinus marginalis
Foramen agnum
Sinus etrosus uDerior
N opticus ll
Sinus avernosus
Hypophysis
Sinus ntercavernosi
Plexus asilaris
F i g ,4 6 5 C r a n i a t u r a m a t e r, D u r a m a t e r c r a n i a l i sa n d d u r a l venous inuses , inus urae m a t r i s ;a f t e r o a r t i a I e m o v a l f h e e n t o r i u m e r e b e t l i .
Cranial ura mater, Duramater ranialisThe raniaI ura mater Lineshe cran ia I av i ty ompLeteLyand ight ty dheres o he skuLl .one . he cerebra I a[xprotrudes n he sag i t t a l . Lanen a s ick le -Likehape nds t re tches rom he cr i s ta aLt io he idge f he entorrumcerebeLLi ,h ich , n urn, overs t re tcheshe poster ior ranialfossa nd s at tached [onq he ransverse inus nd he
pyramidal .dge The margins f he entoria I otch nve topt h e m i d b r a i n n d a p e r f f n t o h e a n t e r i o r n dp o s t e r i o rc l i n n i d n r n c p c c T h c e c r c I p a L a [ x and t h e t e n t o r i u mc e r e b e [ [ i i v i d eh e c r a n i a L c a v i t yn t o h r e e p a c e s h a t r eincompte te tyeparated rom one another, ontainingthe wo cerebraI emispheres nd he cerebe t lum.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography Sections SpinaI ond Pathways
V ophthaimica uperior
Sinus ntercavernosi
Plexus asilaris
Sinus marginalis
Sinus occipitalis
Sinus ectus
Confluens inuum
Sinus agittalis uperior
Sinus phenoparietalis
Sinus avernosus
V meningea media
Plexus enosusforaminis valis
Sinus etrosusinferior
Sinus etrosussupenor
Bulbus uperiorvenae ugularis
Sinus igmoideus
Sinus ransversus
F i g . 1 6 6 DuraL enous r n u s e s , i n u s u r a e m a t r i s ;c o r r o s r o n a s t .The s inuses onta in o v a t v e s n d e a t u r e i g i d w a t l . s .+Ve i n f a g s E o h e u p e r f i c i a t i d d t e e r e b r a Ie ins
DuraI enous inuses, inus uraematrisT h e u r a L e n o u s i n u s e s r e i g i d e n o u s h a n n e L swi thout aLves raining he venous l ood rom he brain ias o - c a L [ e dr i d g i n ge i n sT h em a i n r a i n a g e omw i t h i nh e s k u L l c c u r s i a h es i g m o i d i n u s e s n t o h e n t e r n a L l u g u [ a re i n s . d d i t i o n a L Ly,t h e s u p e r i o r p h t h a t m i ce i n s n d h e h i g h Lya r i a b L em i s s -aryve ins orm a series f smaL[er, ikewisea lve less ,enousc o n n e c t i o n s e t w e e n h e n t r a - n d x t r a c r a n i a Le q i o n s
The wo caveTnous inuses s sume cen t ra I osi t ion yb e i n g i t u a t e d n h e m i d d L er a n i a L f o s s ao h e i g h tand he e f t o f he se[a urc ica . hey ommunicate rthe a c h t h e r h r o u g h h e n t e r c a v e r n o u si n u s e s n de i t h e rd i rec tLyr nd i rec tLyi thmos t other inuses nd with hev e i n s f h e o r b i t n d h e n f r a t e m o o r a Lo s s a
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
> Brain Blood esse[s CraniaI ase CraniaI erves Meninges Par ts of the br
External urface f the cranial ase
Foramina ncisiva Contents f the foramina of the externalsurface of the cranial base
Foramina ncisivaN . n a s o p a L a t i n u sN m a x i L L a r i sV / 2 ] lForamen atatinum majusN palat inus ajor N.maxiLta r i sV/2] )^ ^ - r ^ + i - ^^ ; ^ - l ^ ^ - L a t i n ad e s c e n d e n s ]. P d L d L i l r d r r d J U r t H P o
Foramina atatina minoraN n p a L a t i n i i n o r e s N .m a x i L L a r i sV / 2 ] lA a p a t a t i n a e i n o r e s A p a t a t i n a e s c e n d e n s l
Fissura rbitatis nferiorA inf aorbi taLisA.maxi t l a r i s ]V o p h t h a L m i c an f e r i o rN in f raorb i tal . i sN maxiLLarisV/2 l lN zygomat icusN maxi t la r i sV/2] )Foramen otundum see iq ?1, ?3 JN maxiLLarisV/2]Foramen valeN m a n d i b u l a r i sV / 3 ]P L e x u se n o s u s o r a m i n i s v a L i s
Foramen pinosumR .m e n i n g e u s N m a n d i b u L a r i sV / 3 ] lA m e n i n g e a e d i a A m a x i L t a r i s )Fissura phenopetrosa t Foramen acerumN p e t r o s u s i n o r N g t o s s o p h a r y n g e u sl X J )N . p e t r o s u s a j o r N . a c i a L i sV l l ] lN p e t r o s u s r o f u n d u sP l e x u s a r o t i c u sn t e r n u s JApertura externa canalis arotici+ Canalis aroticusA caro t i s n te rna , a r s etrosaP l e x u s e n o s u s a r o t i c u sn t e r n u sP L e x u s a r o t i c u sn t e r n u s Tr u n c u s y m p a t h i c u s ,
G a n g L i o ne r v i c a L eu p e r i u s )Foramen tylomastoideumN f a c i a L i sV l l ]Foramen ugulareAnterior art:Q i n r r q n o t r n c r r c i n f e r i n r
N g L o s s o p h a r y n g e u sl X lPosterior art:A m e n i n g e a o s t e r i o rA p h a r y n g e a s c e n d e n s lS i n u s i g m o i d e u s B u l b u s u p e r i o r e n a e u g u t a r i s )N vagus XlR m e n i n q e u s N v a q u s X ] )N accesiorius Xll
-
Canalicutus astoideusR a u r i c u t a r i s e r v i a g i N v a g u s X J )
Canalis ervi hypogl.ossiN hypogtossusXll lP lexus enosus ana t i s e rv i ypogLoss i
Canatis ondylarisV.emissar ia ondylarisForamen magnumM e nn g e sP [ e x u s e n o s u s e r t e b r a [ i sn t e r n u s S i n u s a r q i n a L i s ]Aa vertebraLesAa subcLaviaeJA sp ina l ' i s nier ior Aa ver tebra [esJM e d u t l a b L o n g a t a / M e d u L l . ap i n a L i sR a d i c e s o i n a L e sN a c c e s s o r i u sX l ] l
'. ;
Foramen alatinum ajus
Foramina palatina minora
Fissura orbitalis nferior
Foramen ovale
Fissurasphenopetrosa;
Foramenlacerum
Foramensprnosum
Aperturaexlernacanailscarotici
Canaliculusmastoideus
Meatusacusticusexternus
Foramenstylo-
mastoideum
ForamenJUgUlare
Canalis ervihypoglossi
Canalis ondylaris
Foramen magnum
Maxilla Os palatinum
osfrontate I vor",
Os parietaleffi Os zygomaticum
Os sphenoidale
Os emporale
Os occipitale
F i g . 1 6 7 E x t e r n a L u r f a c e f h e c r a n i a I a s e ,B a s i s r a n i i x t e r n a . nd o r a m i n a
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entr ic[es Topography Sect ions SpinaI ord Pathways
Contents f the oramina f the nternalsurface of the cranial base
Lamina ribrosaN n .o t f a c t o r i il ]A e t h m o i d a I i sn t e r i o r A o p h t h a L m i c a ]Canatis pticusN o p t i c u s l l lA o p h t h a L m i c aA c a r o t i s n t e r n a )M e n i n g e s ; a g i n a e e r v i p t i c iFissura rbitatis uperiorMediat art:N n a s o c i l i a r i sN . p h t h a L m i c u sV / 1 ] JN o c u l o m o t o r i u sl l l ]N a b d u c e n s Vl ]Lateral art:N trochtearis lV]C o m m o n r u n k f h e :- N f o n t a L i sN o p h t h a L m i c u sV / 1 ]- N L a c r i m a l i sN o p h t h a L m i c u sV / 1 ]R o r b i t a L i sA.m e n i n g e a e d i a lV o p h t h a t m i c au p e r i o -Foramen otundumN maxiLLar i sV/21Foramen ovaleN mandibuLarisV/3]PLexus enosus oraminis vaLisForamen pinosumR m e n i n g e u s N m a n d i b u L a r i sV / 3 ] )A m e n i n g e a e d i a A .m a x i L t a r i s )Fissura phenopetrosa t Foramen acerumN p e t r o s u s i n o r N .g L o s s o p h a r y n g e u sl X ] )N p e t r o s u s a j o r N f a c r a L i sV l l ] )
N p e t r o s u s r o f u n d u sP l e x u s a r o t i c u sn t e r n u s ]Apertura nterna canalis arotici + Canalis aroticusA caro t i s nterna, a r s pe t rosaPlexus enosus aro t icusn te rnusPlexus aro t icusnternus Truncus ympath icus ,G a n g L i o ne r v l c a [ eu p e r i u s )Porus + Meatus custicus nternusN f a c i a t i sV l l ]N v e s t i b u L o c o c h L e a r i sV l l l ]A L a b y r i n t h iA b a s i L a r i s JVv abyr in th iForamen uguLareAnterior art:Q i n r r c n o i r n c r r c i nf a n i n r
N g t o s s o p h a r y n g e u sl X J
Posterior art:A m e n i n g e a o s t e r i o rA p h a r y n g e a s c e n d e n s ]S i n u s i g m o i d e u s B u t b u s u p e r i o r e n a e u g u [ a r i s ]N.vagus XlN accessor ius Xl]R m e n i n g e u s N . a g u s X J )Canalis ervi hypogtossiN hypoglossusXllJPLexus enosus anaLis erv i ypogLoss iCanatis ondylaris\ / ^ - ; - ^ - - i ^ ^ ^ ^ f , . , r ^ - i -v s r r i l 5 > d r r o L U I u y L d t t 5
Foramen magnumMe n i n g e sP L e v e n o s u s e r t e b r a L i sn t e r n u s S i n u s a r q i n a t i s }Aa. tebraLes Aa. ubc tav iae]
A spinat is nter ior Aa vertebrates]M e d u l l a b L o n g a t a / M e d u L L ap i n a L i sR a d i c e s p i n a L e sN a c c e s s o r i u sX l ] J
Lamina t Foramina ribrosa
Foramen agnum
Canalis pticus
Fissura rbitalissupeflor
Foramenrotundum
Foramenovate
Foramen acerum;Fissurasphenopetrosa
Foramensprnosum
Aperturatnterna
canalrscarotici
Porusacusticusinternus
ForamenJugulare
Canalis ondylaris
Canalis ervi ypogloss i
Os rontale
Os parietale
Os ethmoidale
Os sphenoidale
Os temporale
Os occipitale
F i g . 4 6 8 I n t e r n a L u r f a c e f h e c r a n i a l a s e ,B a s i s r a n i i nt e r n a . n d o r a m r n a .
lnternal urface f the cranial ase
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
N oculomotoriuslll, R superior
Radix sensoria
N. nasociliaris
Fissura rbitalis uperior
oculomotoriusllll
Tectum mesencephali
N trochlearis vl
N. riqeminusVl .Ganglioi rigeminalA
N abducens Vl ]
( e
Radlx sympathica
F i g . 4 7 0 O c u L o m o t o r e r v e ,N . o c u t o m o t o r i u s l l l l ,t r o c h [ e a r e r v e ,N . r o c h [ e a r i s l V ] , ndabducens e rve , N . a b d u c e n s V l ] ;v i e w e d r o m h e r i g h t .* C o n n e c t i o n so h e r i g e mi n a t a n g t i o n
M obliquus ulbi nferior(e N oculomotoriuslll, B inferior)
M.obliquus uperior
M. rectus ateralis
Nn ciliares reves
Ganglion ciliare
N oculomotorius ll, R inferior
Radix parasympathica
M rectus ulbi nferior(e N oculomotoriusllll,R inferior)
ophthalmica;caroticus nternus
Pons
Pyramis edullaeoblongatae
M obliquus ulbi uperior(- N. rochlearisvl )
M rectus ulbimedialis(+ N oculomotoriusllll,R superior)
M. ectus ulbi uDerior(e N. oculomotoriuslll, B. superior)
M rectus ulbi ateralis e N. abducens Vl])M. evator alpebrae uperioris
N. oculomotoriuslll, R. superior)
F i g . 4 7 1 I n n e r v a t i o n f he o c u l a r m u s c l e s ;s u p e n o r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood essets CraniaI ase C ra ni al e rv es M e ni n g es P ar ts f h e b
Pedunculus erebellaris edius
Ganglion geniculi
N facialis Vll]
N. stapedius
R communicans um plexu ympanico
Canalis ervi acialis
Foramen tylomastoideum
R. communicans um nervo aoo
R communicans um nervo lossopharyngeo
Chorda ympani
N lingualis
Rr temporales
Rr. ygomatici
Rr buccales
(R. ingualis)
R marginalismandibularis
R. colli
M frontalis
M.orbicularis culi
M. evator abii uperioris
M. zygomaticus ajor
M. zygomaticus inor
b M orbicularis ri s
Plexusintraparotideus
Gyrus recentralis
Fibraecorticonucleares
Rr. emporales
N. facialis Vll]
F i g . 1 7 7 a , b N e u r o n a l t r u c t u r e f h e m o t o r p a r to f h e a c i a I e r v e , N . a c i a t i s V l l ] .a Overviewb R e p r e s e n t a t i o n f h e a c i a I m u s c t e s n h e m o t o r n u c t e u s
o f h e a c i a I e r v eThough he n u c t e i f h e u p p e r a c i a t m u s c t e s e c e i v e
N auricuiaris osterior
Fig. 176 FaciaI erve, N. acial . is Vll];t h e a c i a L a n a I n d h e y m p a n i c avi ty ave een opened;viewed rom the right.* CtinicaIerm: erebetlopontinengte
Nucleus ervi acialis
Nucleus ervi bducentis
innervation rom both hemispheres, hose of the lower acialm u s c l e s r e o n l y n n e r v a t e d o m h e c o n t r a l a t e r a l i d e .Therefore, atients with centrat patsy *l are sti[[able o frownthe brow and o ctose he eyetids ust suff ciently.However, np a t i e n t s i t h p e r i p h e r a l . a l . s y* * la [ [ a c i a t musc[es r epa a yzed.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 4 7 8 Ve s t i b u t o c o ch L e a r e r v e ,N . v e s t i b u t o c o ch L e a r i sV l l l ] ;t h e m e m b r a n o u s a b y r i n t h s g r e a t l y n t a rg e d ;p o s t e r i o r i e w r o m h e r i g h t* C [ r n i c a Ie r m : e r e b e L [ o p o n t i n en g [ e
Medulla blongata, ulcusretroolivaris
N glossopharyngeusXl
Foramen ugulare
Ganglion uperius lX )
communtcans um amoauriculari ervi agi
Ganglion nlerius
N mandibularisV/3]
Ganglion ticum
N petrosus inor
Plexus ympanicus
N tympanicus
Rr. inguales
R musculistylopharyngei
R sinus carotici
A carotis nterna, Sinuscaroticus
Glomus aroticum
carotrs ommunrs
F i g . 179 GtossopharyngeaI e r v e ,N . gLossopharyngeus l X l ;v i e w e d r o m h e r i q h t .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Brain BLood esse[s Craniat ase CraniaI erves Meninges Par ts of the b
N nasociliarisFissura rbitalis uperior
N oculomotoriusll l
N ophthalmicus V/1]
N trigeminus V]
Ganglionrigeminale
Plexus aroticus
Ganglion ervicalesupenus
Medulla ervicalis
F i 9 . 4 8 3 C i t i a r y a n g L i o n , angLion i I i a r e ;overvtew.
Ganglion ciliare
Radix sensoria
Radix parasympathica
Radix sympathica
A. ophthalmica
M. sphincter upillae
M ciliaris
Nn ciliares breves
I II
Specific iscerat-efterentibres SVE)
N maxillarisV/2]N trigeminusV]
Ganglion rigeminale
N facialis Vll]
Plexus caroticus
Ganglion ceruicalesupenus
Medulla ceruical is N canalis pterygoidei
F i g . 181 P t e r y g o p a t a t i n e a n g L i o n , angLion t e r y g o p a L a t i n u m ;overvrew.* l n n e r v a t i o nf h e t a n d s f h e nose n d h e p a L a t e
General nd specific isceral-afferentibres G/SVA)
General omatic-afierentbres GSA)
N. nlraorbitalis*
N u c l e a r e g i o n :Accessory ucleus f he ocutomotor erveNucLeus ccessor ius erviocutomotor i i
N. palatinus ajor,Rr. nasales osteriores nferioresi
Nn palatini inores*
Fissura rbitalis nferior
Rr. orbitales'
Rr. nasales osterioressuperiores aterales*
N pharyngeus*
Foramen phenopalatinum
N. nasopalatinus*
Br. nasales oslerioressuperiores ediales*
Isympatheticfibres
N zygomaticus
Glandula acrimalis
N [ e a r e q i o n :S er ior sJ t ivatory uc[eus ,N u c l e u s a t i v a t o r i u su p e r i o r
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
B[ood essets C r a n i a I a s e Cranial erves M en in ge s P ar ts f he b
Corpus allosum, enu Septum ellucidum
Sinus agittalis uperior
Lamina erminalisFalx cerebri Commissura nterior
Fornix
Foramen nterventriculare
Sinus agittalis nferior
Infundibulum
CorDus allosum. runcus
Plexus horoideus entriculiertii
Adhesio interthalamica
Venkiculus ertius
Substantia igra
Nucleus uber
Corpus allosum, plenium
V magna erebri
Glandula inealis
Pedunculus erebri
Colliculus uperior inister
Colliculi nleriores
Sinus ectus
Velummedullare uperius
Pedunculi erebellares
Vermis cerebelli
Ventriculus uartus
Bulbus lfactorius
Tractus lfactorius
Chiasma pticumN opticus ll
A ophthalmicaTractus pticus
N oculomotoriusll l(Plica etroclinoidea
anterio0N trochlearisvl
N abducens Vl ]
N. rigeminus V]Tentorium erebelli
N facialis Vll]vestibulocochlearis
vilrlgrossopnaryngeuslx l
N vagus X]
N accessorius XI ]
N hypoglossus Xll]
A basilaris
Velummedullare nferius
N. accessorius Xl],Radices spinales Confluens inuumPlexus horoideus entriculi uadi
ADertura ediana enviculi uarti
Tuberculum racile
Tuberculum uneatum
Medulla spinalis
F i g . 1 8 7 C o u r s e f h e c r a n i a L e r v e s , n . c r a n i a t e s ,i n h e s u b a r a c h n o i d p a c e ;t h e e f t h e m i s p h e r e f h e c e r e b r u m n d h ec e r e b e t l u m s w e t l as he e n t o r i u m e r e b e l t ihave been emoved.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entric[es Topography S ec tio ns Sp in aI o rd Pathways
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu emporale
A. cerebri osterior
Cisterna mbiens;Pedunculus erebri
N. rochlearislV l
N trigeminusV]
N. oculomotoriusllll
Sinus etrosussuperlor
N. abducens Vl l
Sinus avernosus
Ganglionrigeminale N mandibularisV/3]
Capsula nterna
Ventriculus ateralis,Cornu rontale
N maxillarisV/2]
A. carotis nterna,Pars cerebralis
A cerebri nterior
N-opticus ll l
A. ophthalmica
A. carotis nterna,Pars cavernosa
N. ophthalmicusV/11
Infundibulum
N. opticus ll l
A. carotis nterna,Pars cerebralis
A ophthalmica
N. ophthalmicusV/1]
Ganglion rigeminale*
N. maxillaris V/2]
Fig.488 Course f he craniaI e rves , n . raniates ,in he middte ran ia lossa . ossa rani imedia.
A cerebri nterior extra,Pars postcommunicalis
Chiasma pticum
Substantia igra
Pedunculus erebri,Crus erebri
N oculomotoriusllll
N. rochlearis V]
(Plica etroclinoideaanterior)
N. rigeminus,Radixmotoria
N trigeminusVl ,Radix ensoria
N. abducens Vl l
N. acialis Vll]
N vestibulocochlearisVl l]
Fig.489 Art er ies nd nerves n he egion f he se[ [a urc ica ,Se l ta urcica, nd he cavernous inus , inus avernosus.* C t i n i c a Ie r m : G A S S E R | a na n g l i o n
\a a,z-\
N mandibularis V/31
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig ,190 Passage f v e s s e t s nd n e r v e s h r o u g h h e n t e r n a Is u r f a c e f c r a n i a L a s e , Bas is r a n i i n t e r n a . n d h e c e r e b r a Ia r t e r i a i r c t e , i r c u t u s t e r i o s u s e r e b r i w t r u S ]s u p e n o r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood essets C r a n i a I as e CraniaI erves M en in ge s P ar ts f he b
Galea aponeurotica
Lamina xterna
Lamina nterna
Granulationesarachnoideae
A, meningeamedra,R frontalis
Lacunaelaterales
Granulationesarachnoideae
Duramatercranialis
A. meningea media,
F i g . + 9 t + C r a n i a I u r a m a t e r, D u r a m a t e r c r a n i a [ i s ,a n d s u p e r i o r a g i t t a t s i n u s , i n u s a g i t t a L i su p e r i o r ,w i t h s o m e a t e r a [ acunae . acunae a t e r a L e s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood eEsets C r a n i a I a s e G ra ni at e rv es M en in ge s P ar ts f he b
F i g . 196 B r a i n ,E n c e p h a [ o n , i t h c r a n i a L a r a c h no i d a t e r,A r a c h n o i d e a a t e r c r a n i a L i s ;s u p e f l o r r e w* A t s o : A c c H t 0 N t a nr a n u t a t i o n s
Fissura onoitudinaliserebri
Arachnoidea matercranialis
Granulationes rachnoideae*
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood essets C r an i aI a s e C ra ni aI e rv es Meninges Parts of the b
the brain
Hindbra in Cerebra t t r ac t s
F i g . 4 9 8 O rg a n i s a t i o n f h e c e n t r a I e r v o u s y st e m ;m e d i a n e c t i o n : c h e m a .P a r t s m a r k e d w i t h + t o g e t h e r o r m h e b r a i n s t e m ,Truncus ncephaLi .
N oculomotoriusllll Sulcus entralis
Lobus arietalis
Operculum arietale
Encephalon
Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon*
Rhombencephalon
Forameninteruentriculare
Mesencephalon
Medulla pinalis
Fig. 199 Devetopment f the brain;m o d e l o f h e b r a i no f a n a p p r o x . - m o n t h - o t d m b r y o ;m e d i a n e c t i o n .
F i g .5 0 0 D e v e t o p m e n t f h e b r a i n ;b r a i no f a n a p p r o x 4 - m o n t h - o l d o e t u s c r o w n - r u m pt e n g t h 0 c m l ;viewed rom the teft .
Insula Lobusinsularisl
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
BLood esse[s C r a n i a I a s e CnaniaI erves M e n i n g e s Parts of the bHindbra in Cerebna t t r ac t s
In lundibuiumPolus rontalis
Fissura ongitudinaliserebriSulci orbitales
Sulcus lfactoriusGyriorbitales
N opt icusll \ \ .Bulbus lfactorius
Tractus lfactorius
Chiasma pticum
Stria ollactoria ateralis
Tuber inereum
Gyrus arahippocampalis,UNCUS
Corpusmamillare
Gyrus ccipito-temporalis
lateralis
Sulcustemporalis
inferior
Pedunculus erebri
Gyrusparahippocampalis
N trigeminusV]
N intermedius
N. facialislvi l l
N vestibulo-cochlearis Vll l]
LOOUSflocculonodularis,
FlocculusHemispher ium
cerebelli
Hypophysis
Polus emporalis
Substantia erforataanterior
Piexus horoideusventriculi uarti
N glossopharyngeuslX l
N maxillarisV/2]
N ophthalmicusV/1]
Fossainterpeduncularis
N, rigemlnus V] ,Radixmotoria
N. mandibularisV/3]
Gangliontrigeminale
N trochlearis lV l
Pons
N trigeminusV] ,Radix ensoria
N abducens Vl ]
Hemispheriumcerebelli
Ol iva
Pyramismedullaeoblongatae
Medulla oblongata,Fissura mediana anterior
Tonsilla erebelli
N vagus [X ]
N hypoglossus Xll]
N accessorius Xl ]Fila radicularia erui ceruicalis
Polus occipitalis
Medulla spinalis
lcl lDecussatioyramidum Vermis cerebelli
F i g .5 0 2 C e r e b r u m , e r e b r u m ;b r a i n s t e m , r u n c u s n c e p h a L i , i t h c e r e b e t L u m ,C e r e b e L [ u m , s w e [ L s c r a n i a L e r v e s , n . c r a n i a L e s ;i n f e r i o r i e w
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 5 0 8 G y r i , G y r i , n d g r o o v e s , u [ c i ,o f h e c e r e b r a I e m i s p h e r e s ;viewed rom the teft .* Sulcus f SYLVIUS*+Sutcus f RoLANDo
Lobus arietalisSulcus ircularis nsulae
Lobus emporalis
F i g . 5 0 9 G y r i ,G y r i , n d g r o o v e s , u t c i ,o f h e c e r e b r a L e m i s p h e r e s ;exposure f the insula after removal of the frontat ,p a r i e t a I n d e m p o r a I p e r c u [ a ;viewed rom the Left
Sulcus entralis**
Gyrus postcentralis
Sulcus ostcentralis
Sulcus ateralis. oosterior
Sulcus ntraoarietalis
Gyrus upramarginalis
Gyrus ngularis
Lobulus arietalissupeflor
Lobulus arietalisinferior
Sulcusparietooccipitalis
Sulcus emporalissupeflor
Sulcus unatus
Polus ccipitalis
lncisura reocciDitalis
Gyrus ongus nsulae
Lobus ccipitalis
Incisura reoccipitalis
Gyrus rontalis edius
Polus rontalis
Gyrus rontalis nferior,Pars riangularis
Gyrus rontalis nferior,
Lobus rontalis
Limen nsulae
Pars rbitalisf B. anterior
Sulcus ateralis*I B ascendens
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventricles Topography Sect ions SpinaI ord Pathways
Gyrus rontalls nferior,Pars percularis
F i g .5 1 2 F u n c t i o n a I o r t i c a I r e a s f h e c e r e b r a th e m i s p h e r e s c c o r d i n g o F O E R S T E R ;viewed rom the teft .
Motorprojection rea
Motorassociation rea
Sensory rojection rea
Sensory ssociationrea
F i g .513 F u n c t i o n a l o r t i c a l r e a s f h e c e r e b r a lh e m i s p h e r e s c c o r d i n g o F0ERSTER;m e d i a L v i e w.
rffi
T h e s o m a t o t o p i c rg a n i s a t i o ns t l u s t r a t e d c h e m a t i c a t [ y.The primary eceiving rea or auditory mpulses f l extendso v e r h e u p pe r e d g e o f h e e m p o r a l o b e o n t o t s n n e r s u r f a c e .
Auditory rojection rea
Auditory ssociation rea
Visual rojection re a
Visualassociation rea
Sulcus alcarinus
Iffi,'i't'ti:;i;,,.
Gyrus emporalis ransversus nterior
The s o m a t o t o p i c rg a n i s a t i o ns [ [ u s t r a t e d c h e m a t i c a t l y
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
Ventriculusateralis, ornu ontate
Commissura nterior
Chiasma pticum
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu emporale
Flocculus
Plexus horoideus entriculi uarti
Hemisoherium erebelli
Medulla oblongata
Fissura ongitudinaliserebri
(Centrum emiovale)
N. oculomotoriusll l
N. rochlearislV l
N. rigeminusV]
N abducens Vl ]
N facialis Vll]
N vestibulocochlearisVllll
N. glossopharyngeus lXl
N vagus X]
N. accessorius Xl l
N hypoglossus Xlll
F i g ,5 1 6 A n t e r i o r o m m i s s u r e , o m m i s s u r a n t e r i o r, nd b r a i n s t e m ,Truncus ncephaLi :a f t e r p a r t i a I e m o v a I o f he basaI a r t s o f h e c e r e b r u m ;
a n t e r i o r - i n f e r i o r i e w
Fornix, ommissura
Corpus allosum, plenium
Gyrus asciolaris
Corpus mygdaloideum
Fimbria hippocampi
Pes hippocampiGyrusdentatus
F i g , 5 1 7 B o t h o r n i c e s , o r n i c e s , nd a n t e r i o r o m m i s s u r e ,C o m m i s s u r a n t e r i o r ;viewed rom the Left .
and a nte ior com missu e
Fornix, orpus
Corpusmamillare
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entr ictes Topography Sect ions S pi na I o rd Pathways
Vermis cerebelli Glandula pinealis
Tectum, olliculus uperior
N, rigeminusV]
Chiasma pticum
Aoueductus esenceDhali
Substantia riseacentralisemispherium
cerebelli
Fissura orizontalis
Corpusmamillare
Substantia erforata osterior
Crus erebri
N oculomotoriusll l
F i g . 5 2 5 M i d b r a i n , e se n c e p h a [ o n ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n t h e e v e I f h e s u o e r i o r o t l i c u L i :a n t e n o r i e w.
Aoueductus esencephali
F i g . 5 2 6 M i d b r a i n , M e s e n c e p h a t o n ,a n d d i e n c e p h a l o n , i e n c e p h a t o n ;a f t e r o b I i q u e e c t i o n f h e m i d b r a i n ;i n f e r i o r i e w
Trigonum lfactorium
Substantia erforata nterior
Tractus pticus
Substantianrgra
I HATS
I reticularist -
I Hars\ compacra
Nucleus uber
Substantia risea entralisPulvinar halami
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .5 2 8 B r a i n s t e m , r u n c u s n c e p h a L i ;the p o n s a n d m a j o r p a r t s o f h e c e r e b e l t u m a ve een emoved;t h e e t a c h o r o i d e a f h e o u r t h e n t r i c t e a s b e e n e c t i o n e d nt h e m e d i a n l a n e n d e f e c t e d o t h e r i g h t ;p o s t e r i o r - s u p e r i o r i ew
Tuberculum uneatum
Fasciculus uneatus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
Brachium olliculinferioris
Colliculusnferior
Pedunculus erebri
N trochlearis vl
Pedunculus erebellaris uperior
Pedunculus erebellaris edius
Pedunculus erebellarisnferior
Sulcusmedianus
Striamedullaris entriculi uarti
Velummedullaresupenus
Locus aeruleus
Eminentiamedialis
Colliculusfacialis
Fovea uperior
Sulcus imitans
Fig.529 Rhomboid ossa, Fossa homboidea;view on the floor of the fourth ventricte f ters e c t i o n f h e c e r e b e l t a r e d u n c l e s ;posterior-superior iew.
I Badices ranialesN accessonusrx[ | '\ Badicesspinales
I Fadix nteriorN cervicalisC1]1
\ Radix osterior
F i g ,530 B r a i n s t e m , r u n c u s n c e p h a [ i ;o b t i o u e i e w on h e t o o r o f h e o u r t hv e n t r i c t e f t e r s e c t i o n f h e c e r e b e l t a rped nc es;[ a t e r a I v i e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventricles Topography Sect ions SpinaI ord Pathways
Nucleus uber
Pedunculus erebri, rus erebri
N. oculomotoriusll l
Nucleus ervi rochlearis
N trigeminus VI ---------
Nucleus otorius ervitrigemini
pons
N. vestibulocochlearisVl ll
Nucleus ervi acialis
N abducens Vl ]
N. facialis Vll]
N. glossopharyngeuslX lN vagus X]
N hypoglossus Xll]
N accessorius Xl]
Nuclei f the cranial
Icenerat
omatic-efierentucteicsE)
W cenerat viscerat-etferent uclei cvE)
Specific visceral-efferent uclei SVE)
F i g . 5 3 3 C r a n i a I e r v e s , n . c r a n i a t e s ;t o p o g r a p h i c v e r v i e w f h e n u c t e i n he median t a n e .* CtinicaIerm:principaLensory ucteus f he rigeminaI erve
Nucleus ervi hypoglossi
Nucleus mbiguus
Nucleus olitarius
Nucleus pinalis ervi rigemini
Nucleus ervi cc essorii
N accessorius Xll,Radices pinales
General nd specific isceral-afierent ucleiG/SVA)
General omatic-afferent uclei GSA)
Specitic omatic-afferent uclei SSA)
Glandula inealis
Nucleus ccessorius ervioculomotorii
Nucleus ervi culomotorii
N trochlearis vl
Nucleus esencephalicus eruitrigemini
(Nucleus ontinus ervi rigemini*)
Nucleus ervi abducentis
Nuclei estibulares
Nucleus alivatorius uperior
Nuclei ochleares
Nucleus alivatoriusnferior
Nucleus orsalis ervi vagi
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood esse[s CraniaI ase CraniaI e rv es M en i ng es Parts of the bForebra in Midbra in Hindbra in Cerebra I t rac t s
Plexus horoideus entriculiertii Ventriculus ertiusAdhesio nterthalamica Tela choroidea ventriculi ertii
Fornix, olumna Corpus allosumForamen nterventriculare
Corpus allosum,Rostrum
Commissura nteriorLamina erminalis
Hypothalamus
Corpusmamillare
Chiasma pticumRecessus nfundibuli
Fossa nterpeduncularis
HypophysisTegmentum
mesencephali
Glandula inealis
V magna erebri
Tectummesencephali
Culmen
Aqueductus esencephali
Declive
Lobulus entralis
Lingula erebelli
Folium ermis
Velummedullare uperius
Fastigium
Tuber ermis
PonsFasciculus ongitudinalis
medialis
Tectum esencephali,Lamina ectalis
Aqueductusmesencephali
Ventriculus uartus
A basilaris
Ventriculus uartus
Decussatio edunculorumcerebellarium uDeriorum
Sulcus ulbopontinus
Fossa homboidea
A vertebralis
Apertura ediana entriculi uarti
Plexus horoideusventriculi uarti
Pyramis ermis
Canalis entralisTonsilla erebelli
F i g , 5 3 4 B r a i n s t e m , r u n c u s e r eb r i , i t ht h e c e r e b e t l u m , e r e b e t l u m , n d h e o u r t hv e n t r i c t e , e n t r i c u t u s u a r t u s ;m e d i a n e c t i o n .
Fissura ecunda
F i g .5 3 5 P a r t s o f h e c e r e b e t t a r e r m i s , e r m i s e r e b e t l i ;m e d i a n e c t i o n ;overvtew
Lingula erebelliI
Lobulus entralisI
Culmen )
Lobus erebellianterior
Fissura rima
Declive
Folium vermis
Tuber ermis
Pyramis ermis
Uvula ermis
Lobus cerebelliposlenor
LOOUSflocculonodularis
Medulla spinalis
Nodulus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood esse[ s C ra ni aI a se Cr ani aI er ves M en in ge s Parts of the br
Fasciculus ongitudinalissupenor
Fasciculus ncinatus
Radiatiocorporis callosi
Fasciculus ongitudinalisnferior
Fig. 5lr2 Association racts, Neu of brae association s;p r o j e c t i o n n t o h e c e r eb r a L e m i s p h e r e ;overytew;viewed rom the Left .
F i g .5 4 3 C o m m i s s u r a I r a c t s , N e u r o f i b r a e o m m i s s u r a l e s ;topographic verview fter extensive emovaI f the corpusc a t l o s u m n he p a r a m e d i a n l a n e ;s i n g t e i b r e s f h e c o r p u s a [ t o s u m r e shown;viewed rom the teft .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.517 PyramidaL ract, Tractus pyramidatis , ndbasaI a n g t i a , u c t e i a s a l e s ;o b l . i q u e l yt a g g e r e d e c t i o n h r o u g h h e p o s t e r i o r i m b f h ei n t e r n a I a p s u [ e , h e c e r e b r a I e d u n c t e s , n d h e m e d u [ [ ao b t o n g a t a .
l - l l l =l =l l =ilt =
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g , 5 5 0 I n n e r i q u o r p a c e s , e n t r i cu t i n c e p h a t i ;c o r r o s i o n a s t s p e c i m e n ;o b t i q u e i e w r o m h e e f t .
Granulationes rachnoideae
Cornu rontale
Cisterna ericallosa
Spatium ubarachnoideum
Foramen nteruentriculare
Ventriculusertius
Cisterna hiasmatica
Cisterna nterpeduncularis
Aqueductus esencephali *
Cisterna ontocerebellaris
Plexus horoideusventriculiertii
occipitale
Cornu emporale
V magna erebri
Sinus ectus
Ventriculus uartus
Conlluens inuum
Plexus horoideusventriculi uarti
Aoertura ediana entriculi uarti
Cisterna erebellomedullarisosterior
Apertura ater€lis
F i g . 5 5 1 Ve n t r i c l e s f h e b r a i n , e n t r i c u t i n c e p h a [ i ,a n d s u b a r a c h n o i d p a c e , p a t i u m u b a r a c h n o i d e u m ;s c h e m a f h e c i r c u L a t i o n a r r o w s ] f h e c e r e b r o s p i n atf L u i d , i q u o r e r e b r o s p i n a t i s,r o m h e n n e r o t he o u t e r[ r o u o r oaces .* CLinicaIerm: oramen f N40NR0**CtinicaIerm: erebraL oueduct fSYLVIUS
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
BLood esse[s CraniaI ase CraniaI erves M e ni n g es P ar t s f he b
A cerebri nterior,A pericallosa
(Cenkum semiovale)
Stria ongitudinalismediatis
I tndusiumStria onoitudinalis gnseumlateralis )
Polus ccipitalis
553
F i g .552 C o r p u s a l t o s u m , o r p u s a l t o s u m ;after removaI f the upper parts of thec e r e b r a I e m i s p h e r e s ;s u p e n o r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
55 4F i g .5 5 3 L a t e r a I en t r i c [ e s , e n t r i c u L i a t e r a t e s ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e u p p e r p a r t s o f h e c e r e b r a Ih e m i s p h e r e s ;s u p e n 0 r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood essets CraniaI ase CraniaI erves Meninges Par ts of the bBrain essets
Corous allosum. runcus
V thalamostriatasupenor
Fornix, ru s
Calcar avis
Fimbria hippocampi
Eminentia ollateralis
Trigonum ollaterale
F i g ,5 5 4 L a t e r a I e n t r i c L e s , e n t r i c u t ia t e r a t e s ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e u p p e r p a r t s o f h e c e r e b r a Ih e m i s p h e r e s ;o o s t e r i o r i e w r o m h e e f t .
Pes hippocampi
Hippocampus
Alveus hippocampi
Trigonum collaterale
Sulcus ippocampalis
Gyrus entatus
Gyrus arahippocampalis
Sulcus collateralis
F i g .5 5 5 L e f t e m p o r a L o r n ,C o r n u e m p o r a [ e ,o f h e a t e r a I e n t r i c L e , e n t r i c u t u s a t e r a t i s ;f r o n t a I e c t i o n f t e r e m o v a I o f h e e m p o r a L w a t [ :p o s t e r i o r - s u p e r i o r i e w.
Ventriculusateralis. ornu emDorale
556
55 3
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .5 5 6 L a t e r a I e n t r i c t e s , e n t r i c uL i a t e r a t e s ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e u p p e r p a r t s o f h e c e r e b r a Ihemispheres n d h e c e n t r a l a r t o f h e c o r p u s a t l o s u m ;s u p e n o r t e w
Plexus choroideus entriculi ateralis
Fimbria hippocampi
Sulcus ippocampalis
558
55/.
Ependymum
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu emporale
Alveus ippocampi
Pes hippocampi
Substantia risea
Substantia lba
Sulcus ollateralis
F i g ,5 5 7 Te m p o r a I o r n , C o r n u e m p o r a t e ,o f t h e a t e r a I e n t r i c L e , e n t r i c u t u s a t e r a [ i s ;s c h e m a t i c r o n t a L e c t i o n .
Gyrus arahippocampalis
*Gyrus ccipitotemporallsedialis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Brain Blood essets CraniaI ase C ra ni aI e rv es M e n in g es P ar ts f heBrain essets
Fissuralongitudinaliserebri
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu rontale
Cavum eptipellucidi
Septum ellucidum
Fornix, olumna
Forameninterventriculare
InsulaILobus nsularis]
Ventriculusateralis,Pars entralis
Capsula nterna
Nucleus audatus,Cauda
Fornix, ru s
Hippocampus
Trigonum ollaterale
Calcar vis
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu ccipitale
Ependymum
Plexus horoideus entriculiateralis
Nucleus audatus. orDUs
Corous allosum. enu
Corpus allosum, ostrum
Nucleus audatus,Caput
V thalamostriatauperior
Stria erminalis
Lamina tfixa
Taenia ornicis
Nucleus audatus, orpus
Plexus horoideus entriculitertii
Tela horoidea entriculiertii
V interna erebri
Glandula inealis
V magna erebri
Vermis erebelli
560
Indusium riseum
Corpus allosum
Ventriculusateralis, ars entralis
V thalamostriatauperlor
Fornix, orpus
Plexus horoideus entriculiertii
Ventriculusedius
556
F i g ,5 5 8 L a t e r a I e nt r i c l e s , e n t r i c u t i a t e r a l e s ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e c e n t r a L a r t of he c o r o u sc a l t o s u m n d h e c o l u m n s f h e o r n i x :su0en0r r e w.
Fissura onoitudinaliserebri
Lamina affixa
Thalamus
F i g .5 5 9 C e n t r a L a r t s ,P a r t e s e n t r a t e s , f h e a t e r a I en t r i c [ e sa n d h i r d v e n t r i c L e , e n t r i c u L u se r t i u s ;s c h e m a t i c r o n t a I e c t i o n
Tela choroidea ventriculi ertii
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entrictes Topography S e c t i o n s Spinal ord Pathways
Venkiculus ateralis,Cornu rontale
Cavum epti ellucidi
Septum ellucidum
Fornix, olumna
Foramen nterventriculare
thalamostriata uperior
Taenia halami
Stria erminalis
Taenia horoidea
Nucleus audatus, auda
Plexus horoideusventriculiertii
Tela horoidea entriculiertii
V magna cerebri
V interna cerebri
Corpus allosum, enu
Nucleus audatus, aput
(Recessus riangularis)
Commissura nterior
Recessus upraopticus
Recessus nfundibuli
Adhesio nterthalamica*
Thalamus
Nucleus audatus, orpus
Sulcus ypothalamicus
Aqueductus esencephali
Commissura osterior
Recessus inealis
Commissura abenularum
Glandula ineal is
Recessus uprapinealis
F i g .5 6 0 L a t e r a I e n t r i c L e s , e n t r i c u I ia t e r a t e s , ndt h i r dv e n t r i c [ e , e n t r i c u L u s e r t i u s ;p a r t s o f t h e c e r e b r a L e m i s p h e r e s , h e c e n t r a I a r t o f h ec o r p u s a t t o s u m s w e t l as he orn ix nd h e c h o r o i d t e x u shave been emoved, h e e t a choroidea f he h i r dv e n t r i c l ehas b e e n e f t e c t e d ;s u p e n o r t e w.* T h e n t e r t h a [ a m i cdhes ion as een ec t ioned n h e m e d i a n l a n e
Fornix, olumna
Foramen nterventriculare
Taenia halami
(Fissura elodiencephalica)
Fornix, ru s
F i g .5 6 1 Ta e n i a e , a e n i a e , f h e c h o r o i d l e x u s ,P t e x u s h o r o i d e u s f h e c e r e b r u m :s u p e n o r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
en tr ic [e s Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
f earsOostcommunicalis
I P"r"pr""orrrnicalis -
A. communicans nterior
Aa. centrales nteromediales
I Pars phenoidalisA. cerebrimedia I
\ Pars nsularis
A cerebri nterior
A carotis nterna, ars erebralis
A. communicans osterior
Aa centrales nterolaterales
A choroidea anteriol
R chiasmaticus
R nervi oculomotoriiA thalamotuberalisI Pars ostcommunicalis
A cerebri osteriorI Pars precommunicalis R hypothalamicus
Aa. uberis inerei
A. superior erebelli
Aa centrales osteromediales
Aa mesencephalicae
Aa. pontis
A labyrinthi
A. nferior nterior erebelli
A. nferior osterior erebelli
F i g .563 A r t e r i a I i r c t e f h e b r a i n ,Ci cutus arteriosus erebri wt -t- ts] .
F i g .5 6 4 a - g A r t e r i a I i r c t e f h e b r a i n ,C i r c u [ u s r t e r i o s u s e r e b r i .a - c Va r i a t i o n s f h e a n t e r i o r o r t i o nd - f Va r i a t i o n s f h e p o s t e r i o r o r t i o ng Ve r y a r n f e r i o r n i o n f he v e r t e b r a I r t e r i e s
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
BLood esse ls C r a n i a I a s e CraniaI erves Meninges Par ts of the b
Arteriesof the brain
Ventriculusateralis, ornu ontale
Adhesio nterthalamica
Corpus allosum, runcus
Foramen nterventriculare
Septum ellucidum
Fornix, orpus
Plexus horoideus entriculiertii
Tela choroidea ventriculi enii
Sulcus entralis
Glandula inea l i s
Corpus allosum, plenium
V magna erebri
A cerebri osteriorA cerebri nterior,Pars ostcommunicalis,
A pericallosa
Corpus allosum, en u
Corpus allosum, ostrum
Commissura nterior
Lamina erminalis
A communicans nterior
HypothalamusChiasma pticum
A carotis nternaInfundibulum
Sulcus ypothalamicusHypophysis
Corpusmamillare inistrumVentriculusertius
A basilaris
ThalamusPons
A vertebralis
Sulcuscalcaflnus
Commissuraposterior
Aqueductusmesencephali
Tectummesencephali
\ ; )
Vermis cerebelli
Ventriculus uartus
Hemispherium erebelli,Tonsilla erebelli
Canalis centralisoblongata
F i g . 5 6 5 M e d i a I u r f a c e f he b r a i n ,F a c i e sm e d i a t r sh e m i s p h e r i i e r e b r i ; i e n c e p h a | . o n , i e n c e p h a t o n , ndb r a i n s t e m , r u n c u s n c e p h a I i ;s t a g g e r e d e d i a n e c t i o n ;viewed rom the [eft .
F i g .565 A r t e r i a L s u p p t y f he b r a i n ;viewed rom the [eft .
F i g .5 5 7 A r t e r i a l u p p t y f h e b r a i n ;m e d i a I i e w.
A cerebri osterior
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
B[ood essets C ra ni aI a se C ra ni aI er ve s M e ni nq es Par ts of he br
V anterior epti ellucidi
V choroidea uperior
V basalis
V magna erebri
F i g .569 Deep e ins f h e b r a i n , v. p r o f u n d a e e r e b r i .T h e n t e r n a l e r e b r a I e i n s u n w it h i n h e e t a c h o r o i d e a f h et h i r dv e n t r i c t e .
Vv. nternaecerebri
Pulvinar halami
V choroideainferior
N. rigeminus Vl
F i g . 5 7 0 D e e p ei n s f h e b r a i n , v. p r o f u n d a e e r e b r i ;p o s t e r i o r i e w r o m h e r i g h t .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 5 7 1 B r a i n , E n c e p h a [ o n ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l l ;h o r i z o n t a L e c t i o n t h e e v e I f h e m i d b r a i n n d het e m p o r a L o r n s o f h e L a t e r a t v e n t r i c l e s;S U p e r o r r e w.
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu rontale
Nucleus audatus, aput
Septum el lucidum
Fornix. olumna
Insula Lobus nsularis]
Ventriculusertius
Thalamus
Fornix, rus
Ventriculus aterahs,Cornu occipjtale
F i s su ra ong i tud ina l i scereDrl
572
573
57 1
F i g . 5 7 2 B r a i n , E n c e p h a t o n ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l ) ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e L e v e I f h e c e n t r a I a r t so f h e L a t e r a I e n t r i c [ e s ;s u p e n o r r e w
F i g . 5 7 3 B r a i n , E n c e p h a t o n ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R I J ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e L e v e L f h e h i r d v e n t r i c t ea n d h e o p e n i n g f h e e m p o r a I o r n s f h eL a t e r a I e n t r i c t e s ;s u p e f l o r r e w.
sections
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
B lo od es se ls C ra ni aI as e CraniaI erves Meninges Par ts of the br
Septum el lucidum'Ventriculusertius; halamus"
Corpus allosum, plenium
Aqueductus esencephali
Tectum esencephali
Sulcus alcarinus
Vermis erebelli
Ventriculus uartus
Cisterna erebellomedullaris
Medul l a p ina l i s
Pars ralis haryngis Pars aryngeapnaryngrs
Dens xis
F i g . 5 7 1 B r a i n , E n c e p h a L o n ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l ) ;m e d i a n e c t i o n The s t r u c t u r e s m a r k e d w i t h + aooearp a r t Lya t s i fed as a consequence f h e " p a r t i a t - v o I u m e -
effect .
Sulcus entralis
Ventriculusateralis. ornu emDorale
Cerebellum
F i g . 5 7 5 B r a i n , n c e p h a t o n ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l l ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n .
Commissura nterior
Corpus al losum, en u
Corpusmamillare
Chiasma pticum
Hypophysis
Sinus phenoidal is
A basilaris
pons
Pars nasalis haryngis
Lrngua
Insula Lobus nsularis]
Bulbus cul i
Sinusmaxi l lar is
575
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Arachnoidea mater cranialisBadiatio corporis callosi
Corpus allosum,Rostrum
Capsula nternaGyrus ontalis nferior
V anterior epti ellucidi
Nucleus audatus, aput
Gyrus rontalis edius
Sulcus orporis allosi
Nucleus audatus. aout
Gyrus rontalis nferior
Putamen
Sulcus circularis nsulae
Sulcus ateralis
Putamen
Fossa ateraliscerebri
Gyri nsulaePolus
temporalisGyri orbitales
Gyrus emporalisinterior
Tractus lfactorius
Fissura ongitudinaliserebriSulcus ingul i
Gyrus inguli
l\4argo nferomedialis
A pericallosa
Cisterna pericallosa
Corpus allosum, runcus
Radiatio orporis callosi
Septum ellucidum
Ventriculusateralis,Cornu rontale
Capsula xterna
Capsula xtrema
V mediasuperficialiserebriA cerebrimedia
Cisterna ericallosa
Area ubcallosa
A cereb ri nterior,Pars postcommunicalis
Margo nferolateralis
Capsula nterna,Crus anterius
Capsula xterna
Corpus allosum,RostrumCapsula xtremaV media uperficialiscerebriA cerebri media,Pars nsularis
A communicansanterior
lvlargonterolateralis
Gyrus ectus
F i g . 5 7 8 B r a i n , E n c e p h a L o n ;f r o n t a L e c t i o n t t h e L e v e L f h e a n t e r i o r a r t so f h e r o n t a L o r n s o f h e L a t e r a L e n t r i c [ e s
Gyrus rontalis uperior l\4argo uperior
cereDrlClaustrum
Gyri nsulaeGyrus
temporalissupenor
Cisterna ossaelateralis erebri
Gyrus araterminalis
Gyrus emporalis nferior
Cisterna pericallosa;Cisterna aminab erminalis
Gyrus ectus
Tractus llactorius
A cerebri nterior,Pars recommunicalis
l\4argo nferomed al s
F i g . 5 7 9 B r a i n ,E n c e p h a L o n ;f r o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e Le v e I f he p o s t e r i o r a r t so f h e r o n t a I o r n s o f h e a t e r a L e n t r i c L e s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 5 8 2 B r a i n , E n c e p h a [ o n ;f r o n t a t e c t i o n t the e v e I f h e c e n t r a I a r t of he h i r dv e n t r i c t e .R i g h t n d e f t h a l a m u s r e e q u e n t l y o n n e c t e d y h ei n t e r t h a [ a m i c d h e s i o n t t h i s e v e [ .
Gyrus precentralis
Gyrus inguli
Cisterna ericallosa
Gyrus postcentralis
V thalamostriata uperior
Gyrus postcentralis
Nucleus audatus, orpus
Cisterna ossaelateralis erebri
Thalamus
Gyrus emporalis uperior
Putamen
Gyrus emporalis edius
Nucleus audatus, auda
Gyrus emporalis nferior
Gyrus occipitotemporalisateralis
Gyrus ccipitotemporalis edialis
Gyrus arahippocampalis
Cerebellum
F i g . 5 8 3 B r a i n , Encephalon;frontaI section at the leveI of the oosterior wa[[of the third ventricte.
Tractus yramidalis
Corous allosum. runcus
Ventriculusateralis, ars centralisPlexus horoideusventriculiateralis
Stria erminalis
Lamina affixa
Fornix,Crus
V interna erebriPlexus horoideusStriamedullarishalami
F i g . 5 8 4 B r a i n , E n c e p h a l o n ;f r o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e e v e I f h e p i n e a t t a n da n d h e o u r t h e n t r i c t e .
Lobulus arietalis uperior
R precunealis
Sulcus uboarietalis
Lobulus arietalis nferior
Precuneus
Sulcus parietooccipitalis
Gyrus ngularis
Sulcus emporalissupeflor
Calcar avis
Gyrus emporalismedius
Sulcus alcarinusGyrus emporalis nferior
Gyrusoccipitotemporalislateralis
Gyrus occipitotemporalismedialis
Gyrus ingualis
HemisDheriumerebelli
F i g . 5 8 5 B r a i n , E n c e p h a l o n ;f ron ta I ec t ion t he eveI f he occ io i ta Iornsof he ateraI entricles.
Fissura ongitudinalis erebri
A pericallosa
Ventriculusateralis,Pars centralis
Corpus allosum,Splenium
Plexus horoideusventriculiateralis
Fornix,Crus
v thalamostriatasupenor
Capsula nterna
Tela choroidea
Fimbria ippocampi
Alveushippocampi
Plexus horoideusventriculiateralis
Gyrus dentatusVentriculus ateralis,Cornu emoorale
Pedunculuscerebellaris edius
interna erebri
Cisterna uadrigeminalis
Corpus allosum, apetum
Ventriculus ateralis,Cornuoccipitale
A. occipitalismedialis
V magna erebri
Vermis erebelli
Glandulapinealis
Pedunculuscerebellaris uperior
Velummedullare uoeriusquanus
Substantia risea
Substantia lba
Nucleus entatus
Tonsilla erebelli
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Gyrus postcentralis A cerebri nterior,A. pericallosa
Gyrus upramarginalis
Sulcus ateralis,Ramus osterior A cerebri nterior,
R precunealis
A. occipitalis medialis, Rr. parietales
F i g . 5 8 6 B r a i n , E n c e p h a l o n ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n us t above he corpus a l tosum.I n F i g . 5 7 8 - 5 9 8 , h e s u b a r a c h n oi d pace ppearss o m e w h a t n t a rg e d , a r t i c u t a r t yn he reg ion f heh e m i s p h e r i c u t c i , ue o the ac t h a t h e s e p e c i m e n sw e r e a k e n r o m e t d e r l v n d i v i d u a t s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 5 8 8 B r a i n , E n c e p h a t o n ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e e v e I f h e l o o r o fthe centraI oart of the lateraI entric[es.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
ent ri ct es Top og ra ph y S ec ti on s SpinaI ord Pathways
Fissura ongitudinaliserebri
Gyrus inguli Aa. cerebri nteriores, a pericallosae
Area subcallosa
Gyrus paraterminalis
Caosula nterna,Crus anterius
Lamina erminalis
Commissura nterior
Fornix, olumna
Fasciculusmamillothalamicus
Sulcus ypothalamicus
Capsula nterna,Crus posterius
Cisterna ericallosa
Gvrus rontalis nferior
Nucleus audatus, aput
Cisterna ossae ateralis erebri
Putamen
Gyrus emporalis uperior
Claustrum
Sulcus emporalis uperiorHypothalamus
Gyrus emporalismedius
Nucleus uber
Tegmentummesencephali
Capsula nterna,Radiatio ptica
Corpora eniculatalaterale t mediale
Nucleus audatus,Cauda
Gyrus emporalismedius
Hippocampus
Cisterna mbiens
Gyrus arahippocampalis
Sulcus ollateralis
Fimbria ippocampi
Alveushippocampi
Plexus horoideusventriculiateralis
Eminentia collateralis
Ventriculus ateralis,Cornu emporale
Gyrus dentatus
Sulcus ippocampalis
Gyrus ingualis
F i g .5 9 1 B r a i n ,E n c e p h a l o n ;horizontaI ection hrough he third ventric[e t the eveIo f he o p e n i n g f h e c e r e b r a I queduct .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Btood essets C ra ni aI a s e C ra ni aI e rv es M en i ng es Parts f he b
Gyrus ectus
Gyriorbitales
A cerebri nterior
A communicans nterior
A cerebri nterior
Cisterna ossae ateralis erebri
A cerebri media
Gyrus parahippocampalis
Gyrus occipitotemporalis
lateralisA. communicans osterior
I t"rna chiasmatica
I
Lamina erminalis
Becessus upraopticus
Recessus ntundibuli
Ventriculus ertius
Tractus pticus
Corpusmamillare
Corpus amygdaloideum
(Gyrus mbiens)
Pedunculus erebri,Crus cerebri
Pes hippocampi
Hippocampus
Ventriculus ateralis,Cornu emporale
Eminentia collateralis
Sulcus ippocampalis
Sulcus ollateralis
Hemisoherium erebelli
Aqueductusmesencephali
Hypothalamus
Fossa nterpeduncularis
Cisterna nterpeduncularis
Substantia igra
A. cerebri osterior
Nucleus uber
Cisterna mbiens
Tegmentummesencephali
Tectummesencephali,Colliculusnferior
Frenulum elimedullaris uoeriorisVermis erebelli
Gyrus lngualis longitudinaliserebri
F t g . 5 9 2 B r a i n ,E n c e p h a t o n ;s t a g g e r e d o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h h e l o o r o f h e h i r dv e n t r i c l e t t h e e v e [ f h e m a m i l t a r v o d i e s .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography Sections SpinaI ord Pathways
Foramen nterventriculareGyrus rontalis uperior
Sulcus inguliHypothalamus
Gyrus inguliCorpus allosum, runcus
Septum ellucidum
Corpus allosum, en u
Corpus allosum, ostrum
Gyrus araterminalis
Commissura nteriorLamina erminalis
A cerebri nteriorA, communicans nterior
Gyrus ectus
N opticus llA carotis nterna
Hypophysis
CorpusmamillareA communicans osterior
A basilaris
Pons
Tegmentum esencephali
Glandula pinealis
Corpus allosum, plenium
V magna erebri
Sulcus arietooccioitalis
Tectum
Aqueductusmesencephali
Sulcus alcarinus
F i g . 5 9 3 B r a i n , E n c e p h a [ o n ;m e d i a n e c t i o n .
Corous allosum. runcusNucleus audatus, aput
Capsula nterna
Corpus allosum, en u
Commissura nterior
Corpus allosum, ostrum
Gyrus araterminalis
Bulbus lfactoriusA cerebri nterior
Gyrus ectusA carotis nternaN. opticus ll l
N. oculomotoriusll lA cerebri osterior
A superior erebelliA. basilaris
Ventriculusateralis. ars entralisV thalamostriatauperior
Pons
N. abducens Vl ]N. hypoglossus Xll]
N vestibulocochlearis Vll l]A vertebralis
N. glossopharyngeuslX l
Canalis entralis
Plexus horoideus entriculiateralisThalamus
Gyrus inguli
Vermis erebelli
Hemispherium erebelli
Ventriculus uartus
Plexus horoideus entriculi uarti
Aoerturamediana entriculi uarti
Sulcus entralis
Tela choroidea ventriculi tertii
Fornix, rus
Fornix, ommissura
Corpus allosum, plenium
Sulcus arietooccipitalis
N trochlearis vl
Sulcus alcarinus
Cisterna mbiens
Pedunculus erebellaris edius
A vertebralis
Medulla oblongata
F i g . 5 9 4 B r a i n , E n c e p h a l o n ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h he ef th e m i s p h e r e t t h e L e v e [ f h eh e a d o f h e c a u d a t e u c l e u s .
Brain BLood esse[s CraniaI ase Craniat erves Meninges Parts f he br
Nucleus audatus, orpusCaosula nterna. rus anterius
Globus allidus ateralis
Ventriculusateralis, ornu emporale
Plexus horoideus entriculilateralis
Fornix,Crus
Hippocampus
Sulcus alcarinusCommissura nterior
Globus allidus edialisA carotis nterna
N oculomotoriusll l
Gyrus arahippocampalis, ncus
A cerebrimedia
A. communicans osterior
Pons
A cerebri osterior
Gyrus arahippocampalis
Pedunculus erebellaris edius
F i g . 5 9 5 B r a i n , E n c e p h a t o n ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h h e e f t h e m i s p h e r ea t t h e e v e I f h e b o d v o f h e c a u d a t e u c [ e u s
F i g . 5 9 5 B r a i n , E n c e p h a t o n ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h he L e f t e m i s p h e r eat the [eve[ of the amygdal.oid od y
Hemispherium erebelli
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Blood esse ts C ra ni aI as e CraniaI erves M en in ge s Parts f he b
cord
Encephalon
Medulla oblongata
Nn thoracici, Radices oosteriores
Medulla p ina l i s
Intumescentiaumbosacralis
Cauda equina
Ganglion ensorium ervispinalis l
Os occipitale
Intumescentia ervicalis
Nn intercostales
Rr posteriores
Nn thoracici
Rr cutanei aterales
Conus medullaris
Ganglia ensoria eryorumspinal iumumbal ium
Ben
AIaossis lium
Ganglia ensoria eruorumspinalium ervicalium
F i g . 5 9 9 B r a i n , n c e p h a [ o n ; p i n a l c o r d , e d u t t a p i n a t i s ,and s p i n a I e r v e s , n . s p i n a [ e s ;b r a i n and spinaL erves n a neonate .I n h e n e o n a t e , h e s p i n a I o r d e x t e n d s w o v e r t e b r a l .s e g m e n t s u r t h e r c a u d a t l y o m p a r e d o t h e a d u [ t .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .600 SpinaI ord segments egmenta edut lae p i n a t i sand spinaI e rve oo ts Radices ervorum pina t ium;schemat ic median ec t ion .As he sp inaI ord d o e s not o t tow he growth f he ver tebraI o tumnthe course f he sp inaI oo ts owards h e i r cor responding egmentaLin te rver tebra l oramina ecomes teeper rom cran ia l o caudaL. n heneonate he sp ina l o rd e n d s a t the eve[ f he sp inous rocess f hefour th umbar e r tebra hereas n he aduLt t ex tends ormat ly n[yto the second umbar er tebra .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i 9 . 6 0 1 S p i n a I o r d ,M e d u t L a p i n a L i s ,and s p i n a l n e r v e s , n . s p i n a t e s ;s i t u s o f h e s p i n a I o r d ;d o r s a I v i e w.A s s p i n a I o r ds e g m e n t s r e n u m b e r e d ccordingt o t h e s p i n a l n e r v e s , n d h e u p p e r m o s t p i n a L e r v ei s counted s h e i r s t c e r v i c a L e r v e , h e r e ar ea c t u a t t y i g h tc e r v i c a L e g m e n t s .
N.hypoglossus
lxill
Radices osteriores(L1-5, S 1-5)
Ganglia ensorianervorum pinalium(s 1-5)
Filum erminale,Pars uralis
Fig.602 Fig.60 3
F i g . 6 0 2 S p i n a I o r d ,M e d u t t a p i n a l i s ,and s p i n a I e r v e s , n . s p i n a [ e s ;t h e s p i n a I u r a m a t e r h a s b e e n opened;d o r s a I v i e w.
F i g .603 S p i n a l o r d ,M e d u l t a p i n a [ i s ,a n d s p i n a I e r v e s , n . s p i n a l e s ;the s p i n a l u r a m a t e r has b e e n o p e n e d ;v e n t r a L i ew
2
3
Nn cervicaleslc 1-c 8l
Nn. thoracicilT 1-T 121
5
6
7
8
1
2
Radix osterior(c 8)
Radlx osterior(r 1)
Duramaterspinalls
Duramaterspinalis
Radixposterior
(r 12 )
Radix osterior( L1 )
Cauda quina
Intumescentialumbosacralis
Conus medullaris
Filum erminale
Filum erminale,Pars uralis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
en tr ic [e s Top o gr ap h y S ect i on s SpinaI ord Pathways
Fissura ediana nterior
Sulcus medianusposterior
Sulcusposterolateralis
Radix osteriorFila adicularia
Arachnoideamater spinalis
Duramater pinalis
F i 9 .604 SpinaI ord MeduLLa p i n a L i sand s p i n a l meninges eninges p ina[es ;dorsaIv iew.
Duramaterspinalis
Lig denticulatum
Dura materspinalis
Ganglia ensorianervorumspinal ium
Fig .606 a-c SpinaI e rve oo tsNn. s p i n a t e s a d i c e s ;typ icaIcourse i th in he subarachnoid p a c e .a Cerv icaL egment egmentum erv ica[eb Thorac ic egment egmentum horac icumc Lumbar egment egmentum umbate
Cauda quina
coccygeus
F i g . 6 0 5 S p i n a L c o r d e d u l . t a s p i n a I i s ;c a u d a L a r tw i t h h e c a u d a q u i n a a u d a q u i n a ;ventraI iew.
Duramater pinalis Dura materspinalis
Fissura edianaanterior
Nn lumbales
Conus medullaris
Filum erminale
Duramater pinalis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .609 a-d Spina t o rd , MeduLta p i n a t i s ;c ross -sec t ions ; yeLin ta in ; pprox . 00 .a Cerv icaL ar t , Pars e rv ica t i sb T h o r a c i c ar t , Pars horacrcac Lumbar par t , P a r s umbaLisd SacraI ar t , Pars acraus
Spinal cord, structure
Sulcus ntermedius osterior
Fissura ediana nterior
Commissura lba nterior tFiss medianal
anteriorb
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 6 1 0 S p i n a I o r d , M e d u t t a p i n a t i s ;[ a m i n a r rg a n i s a t i o n f h e g r e y m a t t e r according o i t sc y t o a r c h i t e c t u r ea c c o r d i n g o R E X E D ,9 5 2 ) , x e m p t i f ed
b y h e e n t h h o r a c ic e g m e n t T 1 0 l .F o r m a t i o n n d n u m b e r o f h e a m i n a e a r y n d i f f e r e n ts p i n a I o r d s e g m e n t s
F i g . 6 11 R e f t e x e s t t h e s p i n a I o r d ;l e f t :m o n o s y n a p t i c e f e x b i n e u r o n a t , r o p r i o c e p t i v e , y o s t a t i c , . g . ,p a t e L [ a re n d o n e f t e x , c h i t l . e sendon e f l e x , t c . l ;r i g h t :p o t y s y n a p t i ce f l e x p o l y n e u r o n a t , . g . , b d o m i n a I e f l e x ,cremasteric eflex,ptantar eftex, tc.J .
t l
il l
Nucleus roprius
\
I I I t Q 2 I L l \ lr I I I I I \ l
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig .612 S p i n a I ord , Medul . ta p ina t i s ;schemat ic rganisa t ion f he whi te mat te r exempt i f iedby a l o w e r cerv icaL egmentAfferen t =ascendingl a thways n b l u e ;e ffe ren t =descendingl a thways n red .* Ct in ica l te rm:
LEoHS|G srac t** CtinicaIerm: GOWER sract*** CtinicaIerm: GOLL sracr**** CtinicaIerm: BURDACH sract**x**The ctuaI xistence f hese ibres as not definitetyee n
T h e r e g i o n s n d i c a t e d b y + , + + , a n d + + + d e s i g n a t e d e s c e n d i n gc o t l a t e r a L r a c t s o f t h e p o s t e r i o r a s c i c u t i .
+ SCHULTZEcomma rac t cervicaL ar t l++ FLEOHSIG svaIbundte thoracic ar t )+++ Triangte f PHILIPPE-GON4BAULT[umbar and sacra t par ts )
t l
I,,,) A r
\ \ \ l ,
\ \ l l
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .613 P a t h w a y s o r e p i c r i t i c b t u e ) nd p r o t o p a t h i c g r e e n ) e n s i b i t i t y.
Ascending athwaysPathway or epicritic ensibitity tactite pathwayllPrec i se i ffe ren t ia t ionfpressure nd ouch)1 . n e u r o n u n c r o s s e d ]
F r o m e c e p t o r s e x t e r o c e p t o r s ]n he s k i n n d h e m u c o s a , s w e L Ls h e p e r i o s t e u m ,h e o i n t s nd h e m u s c L es p i n d l e s t c , o h e c u n e a t e n dg r a c i L e u c L e u sn h e m e d u L L ab L o n g a t a : g r a c i t en d u n e a t e a s c i c u L u sp e r i k a r y ai n h e s p i n a L a n g L i a ) :e s c e n d i n g o l L a t e r a L ss e e i g . 1 2 )
2 neuron crossed]F r o m h e m e d u t l a b [ o n g a t ac u n e a t e n d r a c i L eu c l e u s lo h e h a t a m u s m e d i a L l e m n i s c u s ,e r i k a r y an h ec u n e a t e n dg r a c i L e u c L e u s ]
3 n e u r o n u n c r o s s e d ] r o m h e h a l a m u s o h e c e r e b r a L c o r t e x ,a r t i c u t a r l yo h e p o s t c e n t r a L g y r u st h a L a m o c o r t i c a Lf i b r e s , e r i k a r y an h e h a L a m u s l
Pathway or protopathic ensibitity pain pathwayfIPain, em eratu e , generaI ressure ensa t ion)1 n e u r o n u n c r o s s e d ]
From eceptors ex te rocep tors ]f he sk inand he mucosa tc, , o he poster ior orn, aminae -V perikaryan hes p i n a L g a n g L i a )
2 neuron crossed , ome ibres ossibLyncrossed]F r o m h e p o s t e r i o r o r n o h e h a L a m u s ,n h e e t i c u L a ro r m a t i o n n d o h e m i d b r a i ne c t u m a n t e r i o r n d a t e r a Ls p i n o t h a L a m i cr a c t s , p i n o r e t i c u t a rr a c t , p i n o t e c t a l t r a c t ;e r i k a r y an h e p o s t e r i o r o l u m n l
3 n e u r o n u n c r o s s e d lF r o m h e h a L a m u s m o n g o t h e r s o t h e c e r e b r a L c o r t e x , a r t i c u L a r Lyo t h e p o s t c e n t r a L g y r u s t h a L a m o c o r t i c a Ii b r e s ,p e r i k a r y a n h e h a L a m u s )
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
entr ictes Topography Sect ions Spinal o rd Pathways
Pedunculus erebellaris uDerior
Vermis cerebelli
Pedunculus erebellarisnferior
Tractus pinocerebellaris osterior
Nucleus horacicusposterior
Tractus oinocerebellaris nterior
Cornu nterius Tractus pinoolivaris
N spinalis
F i g . 6 11 P a t h w a y s or unconsc ious eep e n s i b i L i t y.
Ascending athwaysPathway or unconscious eep sensibitityIUnconsc ious ,u t precise pa t iaL i ffe ren t ia t ions a prerequisi teor movement oordinat ion y he cerebe t tum]
Via he anterior erebet lar ract'1 neuron uncrossed]From eceptors proprioceptorsln muscLes ,endons, nd he connec t ivei ssue o he nucLei f he ntermediate onea n d h e a n t e r i o r o [ u m n p e r i k a r y an h e s p i n a L a n g t i a )
2 neuron crossed]From he anterior ornwi th in he anterior pinocerebe[[arrac t of he antero[ateraLrac t o he cerebe| 'Lumia hes u p e r i o r e r e b e L L a re d u n c L ep e r i k a r y an h e n t e r m e d i a t e o n e n d h e a n t e r i o r o r n J .
Via he poster ior erebet tar rac t1 neuron uncrossed]
From nd organs proprioceptorsln muscLes ,endons, nd he connec t ivei ssue o he nuctei f he poster ior oLumna n d h e h o r a c i c u c L e u sp e r i k a r y an h e s p i n a L a n g t i a )
2. neuron uncrossed]From he poster ior ornand he horacic ucLeus i thin he poster ior pinocerebet larrac t of he a te ra I rac t ot h e c e r e b e t l u m i a h o n f o r i n r a n a h o l l r r^ d u n c [ e p e r i k a r y an h e h o r a c i c u c t e u s n d t h e b a s e f h e p o s t e r i o rc o L u n l
Pathways
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig. 615 Pathways f the motor system.* M o t o r u c t e i fc r a n i a I e r v e s
Descending athwaysT h e m o t o r y s t e m o m p r i s e s L a rg e u m b e r f n u c L e a re g i o n s n d r a c t s . h e m o t o rf i n a L p a t h "r e h e m o t o n e u r o n sD e s p i t eh e e x t r a o r d i n a r yo m p t e x i t yf h e s e i r c u i t s ,h e r a d i t i o n a L o rg a n i s a t i o ni L l em a i n t a i n e do r d i d a c t i ce a s o n sISo-ca t led l yramidaIract1 [cen t raL]euron crossed)
From he cerebraL ortex hrough he nternaL apsuLe nd he cerebra I edunc les o nterneurons i thin he anteriora n d p o s t e r i o r o I u m n [ a t e r a L c o r t i c o s p i n a L t r a c t ,n t e r i o r o r t i c o s p i n a Ir a c t , e r i k a r y an h e p r e c e n t r a L g y r u s ) .B r a n c h i n g f fo f i b r e s o h e n u c l e i f h e c r a n i a L n e r v e sc o r t i c o n u c L e a ri b r e s n d b u L b a r o r t i c o n u c t e a ri b r e s J .
2 [peripheraLleuron motor nd pa thway, -motoneurons]From he anterior orn o he motor nd pta tes f he ske te ta I uscu ta ture motoneurons, er ikaryan he anteriorn o r n J
ISo-ca t ledJ xtrapyramidaLotor ys tem1 centraL eurons crossed nd uncrossed]
From he cerebraI or tex , a r t i cuLar lyhe precentraL yrus nd he adjacen t ort icaLreas ncLudingynapses o heb a s a L g a n g I i a ,h a L a m u s ,u b t h a [ a m i c u c t e u s , ed n u c l e u s , u b s t a n t i a i g r a , e r e b e [ L u m ,t c . n d e e d b a c k o o p sot h e n t e r n e u r o n s f h e a n t e r i o r o L u m nr u b r o s p i n a L t r a c t ,e d i a L n dL a i e r a Le s t i b u t o s p i n a L t r a c t ,e t i c u L o s p i n a Lr a c t ,t e c t o s p i n a Lr a c t ) .
2. peripheraI euron motor nd pa thway, -motoneurons]From he anterior orn o he motor nd-pLates f he ske te ta I uscLes motoneurons; er ikaryan he anterior orn]
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ventrictes Topography S e c t i o n s SpinaI ord Pathways
F i g , 6 1 6 D y s f u n c t i o n a I c u t a n e o u s i n n e r v a t i o nu ec e r t a i n , r e q u e n t [ y f f e c t e d p i n a I e r v e s
to paLsy f Fig. 617 Comptete araplegiat h o r a c i c e g m e n tP a r a Ly s i s f h e c o m p L e t e o t o r
at the leveIof the eleventh
and sensory ystem.
F i g .5 1 8 P a r a l y s i s f h e r a c t s o f h e r i g h t p o s t e r i o r u n i c u t u sa t t h e L e v e l f h e e l e v e n t h h o r a c i c e g m e n t .Loss o f i n e a c t i t e e n s a t i o n s w e t I a s [ o s s o f s e n s e f p o s i t i o nand v i b r a t i o n r o u g h o u c h e n s a t i o n e m a i n s u n c t i o n a t ] .
F i g .619 H e m i p L e g i aB R o W N - S E Q U A R D ju e o d i s r u p t i o n ft h e h a L f f h e s p i n a I o r d o n h e r i g h t s i d e a t t h e e v e I f h ee L e v e n t hh o r a c i c e g m e n t .0 n t h e r i g h ts i d e i p s i L a t e r a t t y ) :oss o f m o t o r u n c t i o n i n i t i a l . t yf t a c c i d , a t e r p a s t i c l ; oss o f i n e a c t i t e e n s a t i o n s w e I L s[ o s s o f s e n s e f p o s i t i o n nd v i b r a t i o n r o u g h ouch e n s a t i o nr e m a i n s u n c t i o n a U .0 n t h e L e f t i d e c o n t r a L a t e r a t t y ) :oss of p a i n a n d e m p e r a t u r es e n s a t r o .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Lacus acrimalis Punctum acrimale;Papilla acrimalis inferior)
F i g . 6 2 3 E y e , O c u [ u s , n d e y e t i d s , a t p e b r a e .E v e r s i o n f h e u p p e r e y e t i d e x t r o p i o n i s a t i o n Js h i n d e r e db y h e s t i f f n e s s f h e a r s u s , u t c a n b e a c i t i t a t e d i t ht h e a i d o f a s m a t l h o o k .
Eyelids
F i g . 6 2 2 E y e , O c u l u s , n d e ye l i d s , a l p e b r a e .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 6 2 9 U p p e r e y e t i d , a t p e b r a u p e r i o r ;p h o t o g r a p h f a m i c r o s c o p i c p e c i m e n ;a z a n t a r n ;s a g i t t a I e c t i o n , m a g n i f i e d .* C t i n i c a Ie r m :M E l B 0 M i a nt a n d s
Tarsus uperior
Eyelids, tructure
Tunica onjunctiva alpebrarum
Tarsus uperior
Glandulae arsales*
+ Facies posterior palpebrae
Limbusposteriorpalpebrae
M. orbicularis culi,Pars alpebralis
Glandulae arsales
Angulus culimedialis
Commissura edialispalpebrarum
Glandulae arsales
Angulus culi ateralis
Commissura ateralispalpebrarum
Rima alpebrarum
Tarsus nferior
F i g . 6 3 0 E y e l ' i d s , a t p e b r a e ;t r a n s t u c e n t pec imen l t u s t r a t i n gh e e x c r e t o r y u c t u l e so f h e a r s a I Lands ;oosterior iew.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .6 3 1 0 r b i t a I o p e n i n g , d i t u s r b i t a t i s , i t h e y e l . i d s ,P a l p e b r a e , n d a c r i m a t [ a n d ,G t a n d u [ a a c r i m a [ i s .
N lacrimalis
A. lacrimalis
Fig.632 Innervation f the acrimat gLand,G t a n d u [ a a c r i m a t i s ;mediaI iew.
R. communicans um nervo ygomatico
Sutura phenozygomatica
M. rectus ateralis
N. opticus ll
Foramen ygomaticoorbitale
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig, 43 Extra-o cuLar usc tes , m. x te rn i uLbi ;suDef lortew.
F i g . 6 11 E x t r a - o c u t a r u s c l e s ,M m . e x t e r n i u t b i ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l ) ;f r o n t a I e c t i o n h r o u g h h e m i dd L e f h e o r b i t ;a n t e r i o r i e w
M. rectus uperior
lvl obliquus uperiorM levator alpebrae uperioris
Lobus rontalis, yri rbitales
Paries uperior
Paries medialis
Paries ateralis
Cellulae thmoidales
Paries nferior
Sinus maxillaris
Cavitas asi
Paries medialis
Cellulae thmoidales
Paries ateralis
Canalis pticus
Lobus emporalis
F i g . 6 4 5 E y e b a l . t , u l b u s c u L i , n d e x t r a - o c u t a r u s c t e s ,M m . e x t e r n i u t b i .m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i c m a g e M R l l ;h o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n t h e e v e I f h e o p t i c n e r v e :s u p e f l o r r e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.61,6 Eyebal.t, utbus cuti;schemat ic or izon ta Iec t ion t he Level f heex i t f he oot ic e rve .
E x t e r n a I u t b a r x i s ,A x i se x t e r n u s u L b iI n t e r n a I u L b a r xis ,A x i s n t e r n u s u l b iThickness f h e c o r n e aD e p t h f h e a n t e r i o r h a m b e r
Thickness f h e en sD i s t a n c e e t w e e n ens and e t i n aT h i c k n e s s f h e r e t i n a
2 4 0 m m
2 2 . 5 m m
0 5 m m3 6 m m
3 . 6m m'15 6 mm0 3 m m
PolusDosteriorlentis Ura serrala
Pars optica etinae
Camera ostrema vitrea] ulbi;Corpus itreum
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
A ciliaris osteriorongaAa ciliares osteriores reves
F i g . 5 1 7 B t o o d e s s e l s f h e e y e b a t t , uLbus cu t , .* C [ i n i c a Ie r m : a n a t o f cH L E M M* *C t i n i c a Ie r m : v e a
Layers of the eyebat[, unicae utbi
Fibrous tayer of the eyebatl, Tunica fibrosa bul.bi- C o r n e a , o r n e a p r o n o u n c e d u r v a t u r e , r a n s l u c e n t ]- S c [ e r a , c t e r a L e s s e r u r v a t u r e , p a q u e ; L u i s h - w h i t e n
i n f a n c y, e l l o w i s h - w h i t en senescenceJ
Vascular ayer of the eyeba[[, Tunica vasculosa butbi- l r i s , r i s ,w i t h h e c e n t r a I i r c u t a r p e n i n g , h e p u p i l ,
Pu piLl.a- C i t i a r y o d y,C o r p u s i t i a r e , i t h h e c i t i a r ym u s c L e ,
M c i t i a r i s ,h e c i t i a r y r o c e s s , r o c e s s u s i L i a r i s ,h ec i [ i a r y o n u L e , o n u l a i I i a r i s , i t h h e z o n u t a r i b r e s ,F i b r a e o n u L a r e s , n d h e z o n u t a r paces ,C ^ - + ; ^ - ^ ^ , , 1 - - ; ^J P o L r o 4 u r r u L o r r o
- C h o r o i d . h o r o i d e a
lnner tayer of the eyebaU, retinal, Tunica nterna butbi (Retinal- N o n v i s u a I e t i n a , a r s a e c a e t i n a e f r o m he p u p i L L a r y - i r i d i a l
m a rg i n ,M a rg o u p i t L a r i sr i d i s , o t h e o r a s e r r a t a , 0 r a e r r a t a ll r i d i a L a r t o f h e r e t i n a , a r s r i d i c a e t i n a e s i n g | . e - L a y e r e d ,h e a v i t y i g m e n t e d ) , i t i a r y a r t of h e r e t i n a , a r s i I i a r i sr e t i n a e s i n g [ e - L a y e r e d ,n p i g m e n t e d l
- 0 p t i c p a r t o f h e r e t i n a , a r s o p t i c a e t i n a e s t r a t i f i e d J1 n e u r o n : i s i o n e I t s r o d e t t s b r i q h t n e s s :
c o n e e l L s c o L o u r l2 n e u r o n : i p o L a r a n g I i o n e l [ sw i t h i n h e r e t i n a
{gangLionf h e r e t i n a , G a n g L i o ne t i n a e J3 n e u r o n : m u L t i - p o t a r angLion e I t s o p t i c a n g I i o n ,
G a n g L i o n p t i c u m i , hose ong axons o r m h e o p t i cn e r v e n d c o n t i n u e n he o p t i c r a c t
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .6 4 8 E y e b a t L , uLbus cu t i ;s c h e m a t i c o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n t t h e e v e I ft h e p u p i t .* C l i n i c a Le r m : a n a I f S c H L E M M**C [ i n i c a Ie r m : o n u [ e fZ I N N
Lens, Facies anteriorlris,Margo upillaris
Procc,ciliares
Anulus ridisminor
F i g . 6 4 9 l r i s , r i s , and p u p i t ,P u p i l . l . a ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e s c t e r a n d c o r n e a :a n t e r i o r i e w.
Beticulumrabeculare
lris,Facies nterior
Anulusiridismajor
Lacr imaI ppa
Ciliary ody nd ri s
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 6 5 1 0 p t i c e r v e , . o p t i c u sl l J ;t h e p t i c a n a I a s e e n p e n e d ;viewed rom he ight .
M levator alpebraesupenofls
M rect us uperior
N opticus ll ,Pars rbitalis
A ophthalmica
Corpus diposum rbitae
M rectus ateralis
M rectus nferior
Sinus rontalis
Corpus iliare
Palpebra uperior
Lens
Camera nterior
Palpebra nferior
Bulbus culi,Camerapostrema vitrea]
F i g . 6 6 2 0 r b i t , O r b i t a ;m a g n e t i c e s o n a n c e o m o g r a p h i cm a g e M R l ) ;v e r t i c a L e c t i o n [ o n g h e o p t i c n e r v e ;v i e w e d o m he r i g h t .
N opt icusll ,Pars canalis
N opticus ll ,Pars ntracranialis
Hypophysis
Chiasma pticum
Tractus pticus
A ophthalmica
A carotis nterna,Pars erebralis
Sinus avernosus
M levator alpebrae uperioris
l\4 ectus uperior
Corpus diposum rbitae
N opticus ll
M rectus nterior
Sinus phenoidalis
Sinusmaxillaris
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Common isual ieldVisual ieldof the ett eyeVisual ield f he ight yeProjection n the eft etinaProjection n he right etina
1 a
N. opticus ll
Chiasma pticum
Fig.554 0ptic pathway;schematic verview;su0enor r e w.The c e n t r a I i s i o n e t d has ad i s p r o p o r t i o n a t Lya rg e r o j e c t i o n e t d .
* Ptane f refraction f ight
3b
'1'1 a1 b2a2b
Bulbus culi
Ganglion ciliare
A carotis nterna, A. ophthalmica
Projection on the left calcarine cortexProiection n the rioht calcarine ortexCoriscious visual fi6ld as a result of theintegrative achievement of the brain
Ganglion ervicalesupenus
Tractus pticus
N oculomotoriusllll
Corpus geniculatumaterale
Radiatio optica
Colliculus uperior
Sulcus alcarinus
3a3b
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Caput mallei Lig mallei uperiusRecessus pitympanicus Os emporale
l\il tensor tympani
Os emporale, ars etrosa
N cochlearis
Ductus ochlearis
Recessusepitympanicus, ar scupularis
Chordatympanr
Meatus custicus xternus
Cartilago uriculae
Porus custicus xternus
lvleatus custicus xternuscartilagineus
Tragi
Meatus custicus xternus
Cartilago uriculae
M tensor ympani,Tendo
Membrana ympanica
Bulbus uperiorvenae ugularis
Os occipitale
Articulatioatlantooccipitalis
Plicamallearis osterior
Cellulae mastoideae
Prominentiamallearis
Striamallearis
Atlas
F i g .6 8 3 E x t e r n a I cous t icm e a t u s , M e a t u s c u s t i c u s x t e r nu s ;t y m p a n i c a v i t y, a v i t a s y m p a n i , n d cochLea , o c h t e a ;f r o n t a I e c t i o n ;p o s t e r i o r i e w.
Pars laccida'
Plica mallearisanterior
Meatus custicusexternus,
(Paries osterio0
Anulusfibrocartilagineus
Parstensa
Umbomembranae
rympanrcae
F i g .6 8 4 Ty m p a n i c e m b r a n e , M e m b r a n a y m p a n i c a ;n i n q c n n i e i m e n o .
lateraI view.* C L i n i c a Le r m : H R A P N E L L ' se m b r a n e**TypicaLtyccurringeftection f ight
Inorder o obtain compLete toscopic verv iew f hec u t a n e o u s u r f a c e f h e y m p a n i c e m b r a n e , h e e x t e r n a Ia c o u s t i c e a t u s u s tb e s t r e t c h e d yp u L L i n gh e a u r i c t eupwards nd pos te r io r [y.To ac i t i t a te r ieniat ion,he ympanic embrane s usuaLtyd i v i d e dn t o o u r u a d r a n t s l - V )
F i g .6 8 5 Ty m p a n i c e m b r a n e , M e m b r a n a y m p a n i c a ;q u a d r a n t c h e m a :L a t e r a t v i e w.
T h e o n g e r i a m e t e r f h e y m p a n i c e m b r a n e n h ea d u L ts ' 1 0 - 11 m , h e h o r t e r i a m e t e rs a p p r o x m mThe ight ource haracter is t icaLLyroducest r i a n g u [ a re f l e c t i o nf L i g h t t h e u m b o n h e e g i o no f q u a d r a n t l
\a l,z-
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 6 i 2 A u d i t o r y s s i c t e s , s s i c u L a u d i t u s ;s u o e r o m e d i a I i e w.
F i g ,6 9 3 J o i n t s n d i g a m e n t s f h e a u d i t o r y s s i c t e s ,A r t i c u l a t i o n e s t L i g a m e n t a s s i c u [ o r u m u di t u s ;c o v e r e d i t h m u c o s a;s u o e r o m e d i a I v i e w
Overview Outer ar I Middte
Articulationcudomallearis
Corpus ncudis
Crus breve
Crus ongum
Articulatio ncudostapedialis
Crusposterius
Basis tapedis
Proc anterior
Recessus epitympanicus
Lig mallei aterale
Articulatio ncudomallearis
Lig mallei anterius
M tensor ympani, Tendo
Manubrium mallei
Membrana ympanica
Lig incudis osterius
Chorda ympani
A tympanica osterior
Articulatioincudostapedialis
l\4stapedius, endo
Membrana tapedialis
Lig anulare tapediale
Anulus brocartilagineus
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .6 9 6 M e d i a L w a t t , a r i e s a b y r i n t h i c u s ,f h e y m p a n i c a v i t y,C a v i t a s y m p a n i ;a f t e r e m o v a I f h e [ a t e r a L a t [ a n d h e a d j a c e n t a r t s o f h ea n t e r i o r n d s u p e r i o r a t L ,t h e a c i a L a n a I nd he caro t id a n a I a v e b e e n o p e n e d ;a n t e r o L a t e r a t v i e w.
F i g . 6 9 7 M e d i a L w a t l . ,a r i e s a b y r i n t h i c u s , f h e y m p a n i c a v i t y,f - r r r i + : c + r r m n r n i .
v e r t i c a I e c t i o n L o n g h e o n g i t u d i n a I x i so f h e p e t r o u s a r t oft h e e m p o r a I o n e :a n t e r o L a t e r a Ii ew
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
LaminamedialisI Os sphenoidale,I Proc. otervooideus
Lamina ateralis./
Lamina ateralis )L Cartilago
.. .. I tubae auditivae- Lamtna meorails
F i g .7 0 0 C a r t i t a g e fexposed t t h e base ofi n f e r i o r i e w.
Os emporale,Pars etrosa
Condylus ccipitalis
t h e a u d i t o r y u b e , C a r t i l a g o u b a e u d i t i v a e ;t h e s k u [ L ;
M uvulae
M tensor veli palatini
Aponeurosis palatina
Proc pterygoideus,Hamulus terygoideus
pterygoideus
Foramen acerum
Foramen ovale
M tensor veli palatini, Origo
M tensor veli palatini
M levator veli palatiniLamina ateralis
I Cartilaoo tubaeI auditivie
Lamina medialis,
Fossa mandibularis
Semicanalis ubae auditivae
M. levator veli palatini, Origo
F i g ,7 0 1 L e v a t o r n d e n s o r e l ip a l a t i n im u s c t e s ,M m l e v a t o r t t en s o r e L i a L a t i n i ,n d h e c a r t i l a g eo f h e a u d i t o r y u b e , C a r t i t a g o u b a e u d i t i v a e .
Cartilago tubae auditivae
Canalis aroticus. oertura xterna
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 0 2 A u d i t o r y u b e , Tu b a u d i t i v a ;c r o s s - s e c t i o n t t h e e v e [ f h e o s s e o u s a r t :[ateraI iew.
lmpressio rigeminalis
Duramater ranialis
Duramater ranialis Ganglion rigeminale
A carotis nterna
Facies osteriorpartispetrosae
Duramater ranialis
Cartilago tubae auditivae,Lamina lateralis
Plexusvenosusforaminisovalrss emporale,
Pars petrosa
Fissuraspnenopetrosa
M tensorvelipalatini
M levator veli palatini
F i g . 7 0 3 A u d i t o r y u b e , Tu b a u d i t i v a ;cross-section t the evet of the lateraI asoecto f h e c a r t i [ a g i n o u s a r t ;lateraI iew.
N. mandibularislv/31
Foramen
ovate
Plexus enosuscarottcusinternus
Tuba uditiva
M. tensor velipalatini
Tuba uditiva,Pars artilaginea,Laminamembranacea
M levator veli palatiniecessus haryngeus
Lamina medialis
Fig.7O4 Audi toryube, uba udit iva;c ross -sec t iont he eveL f he media I spec tof he cart i taginousar t ;l a te ra Iv iew.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 0 5 I n n e r e a r, A u r i s n t e r n a , n d v e s t i b u L o c o c h L e a re r v e ,N v e s t i b u t o c o c hL e a r i sV l l l ] ;c a s t s p e c i m e n r o j e c t e d n t o h e p e t r o u s a r t of h e e m p o r a I o n ei l t u s t r a t i n gt s n a t u r a L o s i t i o n ;s u p e n o r t ew
F i g . 7 0 6 I n n e r e a r, A u r i s n t e r n a , i t h h e a c i a I e r v e , N . a c i a L i sV l l ] ,and he v e s t i b u L o c o c h [ e a re r v e ,N . v e s t i b u t o c o c h L e a r i sV l l l ] ;p r o j e c t e d n t o h e p e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a I o n e ;S U D C T I O T I E W
Overview Outer ar I Middl .
Cochlea
Canalis emicircularislateralis
Canalis emicircularisposterior
Porus custicus nternus
Foramen vale
Foramen pinosum
Synchondrosis phenopetrosa
N facialis Vll],Ganglion eniculi
Ductus emicircularis nterior
Ductus emicircularisateralis
Sulcus inus igmoidei
Ductus emicircularisosterior
N cochlearis
N vestibularis
N vestibulocochlearis Vlll]
Foramen otundum
A carotis nterna,Pars avernosa
Foramen acerum
N petrosus major
Cochlea
Porus custicusnternus
N facialis Vll]
I N. cochlearisN. vestibulo-
cochlearis Vlll]lN. vestibularis
Foramen ugulare
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 0 7 a , B o n y a b y r i n t h , a b y r i n t h u s s s e us ;
h o t l o w e d u t o f h e p e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a I o n ea P o s t e r i o r - s u p e r i o r i e wb S u p e r i o r i e w* 0pening f h ep o s t e r i o ra n a L i c u L u s
Canalis piralismodioli Tractus piralis oraminosus
Scala vestibuli Area estibularissupeflorupula cochleae
Laminamodioli
Modioluscocnteae
Canalisspiralis
cochleae
Canalislong i tud ina l i s
modioli
Cristatransversaamtna
spirallssecunoana
Lamtnaspiralisossea
Scalatympani
Tractus piralisforaminosus
Areavestibularisinferior
Foramensrngulare
Fundus eatusacusticinterni Area cochleariseatus
acusticusInternus
Meatus custicusinternus
Fundusmeatusacustici nterni
F i g . 7 0 8 S p i r a I a n a Icocn eae ;opened l o n g h e a x i ss u p e f l o r r e w
o f h e c o c h t e a , a n a L i s p i r a t i s
o f h e m o d i o l u s ;
F i g . 7 0 9 I n t e r n a I a c o u s t i c e a t u s , M e a t u sacus t icus n t e r n u s , n d u n d u s f h e n t e r n a Ia c o u s t i cm e a t u s , u n d u s m e a t u s c u s t i c i n t e r n i ;a f t e r p a r t i a L e m o v a L f h e p o s t e r i o r a [ t ;m e d i a L v i e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 1 O B o n y L a b y r i n t h ,abyr in thu s sseus ;t h e o s s e o u s i n i n g f he membranous a b y r i n t h as beenh o l l o w e d u t o f he p e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a l o n e ;o b t i q u e i e w r o m p o s t e r i o r.
Canalis emicircularis nterior
Crus s seum ommuneAmpulla ssea nter ior
Ampulla ssea ateralis
Canalis emicircularislateralis
Canalis emicircularisposterior
Ampulla ssea osterior Basis cochleae
Fenestra cochleae Fenestra estibuli
Fig .711 Bony L a b y r i n t h ,a b y r i n t h u s sseus ;the osseous i n i n g f he membranous a b y r i n t h a s b e e nh o l t o w e d u t o f h e p e t r o u s a r t of h e e m p o r a L o n e ;[ a t e r a L v i e w.
F i g . 7 1 2 B o n y L a b y r i n t h ,a b y r i n t h u s s s e u s ;c a v i t i e s a v e b e e n h o t l o w e d u t :a n t e r o [ a t e r a L v i e w.
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 11 M e m b r a n o u s a b y r i n t h ,overvtew
Membranous abvrinth
Ductus emicircularis nterior
Fenestra estibuli
Os emporale, ars etrosa,Facies osterior artis etrosae
Utriculus Ampul lamembranaceaanterior
Ampul lamembranacealateralis
Crusmembranaceumcommune
Ductussemici rcular is
Ductusendolymphaticus
Ductussemicircularislateralis
Crusmembranaceumsrmplex
Ampul lamemoranacea
Crusmembranaceumcommune
Caecumvestibulare
Ductussemicircularislateralis
Canal issemicircularis
Ductussemicircularispostenor
N utr icular is
N saccular is
N utriculo-ampul lar is
Du tu scochlearis
N cochlearis
N vestibularis
Ductus cochlearis Sacculus estibularis
F i g . 7 1 3 Ve s t i b u l o c o ch L e a r e r v e ,N v e s t i b u L o c o ch L e a r i sV l l l ] , n d m e m b r a n o u s a b y r i n t h , abyr in thus embranaceus ;s e m i - s c h e m a t i c v e r v i e w.p o s t e r i o r ie w
ampul l a r i sposterior
Utriculus
Sacculusvestibularis
Cupulacocnleae
Caecumcupu ar e
Ductuscochlearis
Scalavestibuli
Ductusreuntens
Scala ympani
Ductus ndolymphaticus
Dura mater.-.................-
cranialis
Ampulla membranaceaposterioranaliculus ochleae
L a b y r i n t h u s e m b r a n a c e u s ;
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g .7 1 5 Ve s t i b u t o c o c h l e a r e r v e ,N. v e s t i b u l o c o c h L e a r i sV l l l ] ,and membranous a b y r i n t h , abyr in thus embranaceus ;s u p e n o r r e w.
Fig.716 Cochlea , och lea , i th he spiraIorgan,Organum pira [e .* C[inicaLerm: organ of c0RTl+ *C [ i n i c a le r m : R E | S S N E R ' se m b r a n e
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 1 8 H e a r i n g .P r i m a r y u c t e i : u r p t e ; e m a i n i n g u c t e i :D r o w n .The c h a i n f h e a u d i t o r y s s i ct e s m p I i fe st h e a m p t i t u d e f he sound waves h y s i c a [ Ly
F i g . 7 1 9 C o n t r o l f e q u i t i b r i u m n ds t a b i t i s a t i o n f h e v i s u a I e t d .A ff e r e n t i b r e s r i g i n a t e n h e m u s c L e s ft h e e y e , h e e q u i L i b r i u mr g a n n d h em u s c L e s f h e n e c k ; e f f e r e n t bresm o d u l a t e h e m u s c l e s f he eye and hebody. he c e r e b e L t u m l a y s p r e d o m i n a n tr o t e n h i s c o o r d i n a t i o n .
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
n e u r o n : i p o L a r e I L sn h e s p i r a I o c h [ e a rgangtion. f te rex i t ing he smat [ aperturesof t h e f o r a m i n o u s p i r a Lr a c t w i t h i n h e
internaI cous t ic ea tus , he ibres orm hecochlear erve nd unitewith he vest ibuLarnerve t the f toorof the internaL cous t icmeatus o orm he vest ibutocochLearerve[Vl l l ] . ibres rom he basaI ochlear artst raverse o the ooster ior ochtear ucLeusand hose rom he apicaL ar t s e rmina tei n h e a n t e r i o r o c h L e a ru c L e u sn e u r o n :M u t t i - p o L a ra n g L i o n e L L s f t h ecochlear uc te i he ibres rom he anteriorcoch tear uc leus ass main tywithin hetrapezoid ody o he oppos i te ide nd ormthe La te ra I emnicus , h ichprovides con-nect ion o he nfe r io r oLLicutusfew bresjo in he a te ra I emniscus f he same ideTheaxons f he poster ior ochLear uc teuscross superf iciaLLyo the rhomboid ossaa n d e n t e r h e [ a t e r a L e m n i s c u s f t h eo p p o s i t e i d e .or 4 neuron: rom he inferior o t [ icu[usconnect ions remade i th he mediaI en ic -u ate bodyo r 5 n e u r o n : h e a c o u s t i c a d i a t i o n o n -n e c t s t h e m e d i a L g e n i c u L a t e o d y t oHESCHL's ransverse qvrus and wi thWERNICKE'sentre n heiemoorat obe
(Tractusvestibulothalamicus)
Fasciculuslongitudinalismedialis
Ganglionvestibulare
Labyrinthusvestibularis
N vestibulo-cochlearis Vlll],N vestibularis
n""'"?,oil,Yi-'--
mediale
Lemniscus ateralis
N vestibulo-cochlearis Vlll],N cochlearis
Nucleuscochlearis osterior
Nucleus ochlearis nterior
Nucleus orporis rapezoidei
5i?;lil,,Auditorvathwav;
Equitibriumathway
1 n e u r o n : i p o L a r e L t sn h e e s t i b u L a r an -g L i o n . h e i rn e u r i t e s a s s h e n f e r i o r n dsuperior est ibular reas o orm he ves t ib -u t a r n e r v e a t t h e f l o o r o f t h e i n t e r n a Lacous t icmeatus , h ich ogether i th thecochLear erve hen forms he vest ibuLo-cochLear erve Vl l l ]These ibres ermina tea t h e v e s t i b u t a r u c L e in h e a t e r a L n g l eof he Loor f he homboid ossaa n d u b s e q u e n t e u r o n s : i b r e s r i g i n a t i n gi n t h e L a t e r a Le s t i b u L a ru c L e u sO f t f f n S 'nuc leus l raverse i thin he ateraLvest ib-u L o s p i n a L t r a c to h e a n t e r i o r o l u m n f h es p i n a I o r d .F i b r e s r i g i n a t i n gn h e s u p e r i o r e s t i b u t a rnucleus nucleus f BECHTEREW),he mediaL
ves t ibu ta r uc leus SCHwnfsfs
nuc teus] sw e L L s t h e i n f e r i o r e s t i b u L a r u c L e u s{RoLLERnucLeus}raverse o the cere-b e t L u m n d c o n n e c t o t h e m o t o r u c [ e i ft h e c r a n i a L e r v e s l l , Va n d V l ,m o s t l y i at h e m e d i a t o n g i t u d i n a La s c i c u L u sT h em e d i a L v e s t i b u t a ru c L e u s n d h e n f e -r io rves t ibuLaruc leus end ibres tong hem e d i a L v e s t i b u l o s p i n a Ir a c t o h e a n t e r i o rc o L u m n f h e s p i n a I o r d
2
Ganglion piralecocnteae
Labyrinthuscochlearis
Thalamus -=\
Nucleusnervioculomotorii
Nucleusnerui rochlearis
Nucleus estibularissupenor
Nucleus estibularislateralis
Nucleusvestibularisnferior
Nucleusnerui bducentis
Nucleusvestibularis medialis
Nucleus cuneatus
Fig.721 Equil . ibrium athway;OVETVIEW.+ C o n n e c t i o n s o t h e c e r e b e l t u m
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
N caroticotympanicusPlexus aroticus nternus)N facialis Vll]
N petrosus ajor
N petrosus inor
Ganglion nferius lX )
A carotis nterna
N. glossopharyngeus lX l
R auricularis N vagus) N vagus [X]
N facialis Vll] Chorda ympani
F i g . 7 2 2 F a c i a L e r v e , N . a c i a l . i sV l l ] ;g t o s s o p h a r y n g e a I e r v e ,N . gLossopharyngeus l X la n d vagus n e r v e ,N . vagus Xl ;t h e p e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a l o n e h a s b e e n p a r t t y e c t i o n e d ;t h e n e r v e s r e t t u s t r a t e d r a n s L u c e n t L v :a n t e r i o r i e w.
Crura tapedis M tensor ympani, endo N facialis Vll],Gen icu lum Proc cochleariformis
N petrosus major
Ductus semicircularis ateralis
Canalis semicircularislateralis
Membrana stapedialis
Eminentia pyramidalis
l\4 stapedius, endo
Caput tapedis
N facialis Vll]
I\4 ensor ympani
Semicanalis usculitensoris ympani
Septum canalismusculotubarii
Semicanalis ubae auditivae
Promontorium
N tympanicus
Cavitas ympani
Sinus ympani
F i g . 7 2 3 F a c i a L e r v e , N . a c i a t i s V l l ] , n d y m p a n i c a v i t y, a v i t a s y m p a n i ;v e r t i c a L e c t i o n t o n g h e o n g i t u d i n a t x isof h ep e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a I o n e ;t h e a c i a L a n a I a s b e e n p e n e d :a n t e r i o r i e w.
Canalis nervi acialis
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Fig.72l. FaciaI erve, N. faciatis Vll] ,within he petrousp a r t of h e e m p o r a [ o n e , s t e m p o r a t e , a rs p e t r o s a ;t h e p e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a I o n e a s w e [ [ a s h e a c i a lcanaI nd he ympa nic av i ty ave een p a r t i a l t y p e n e d ;oosterior iew.
Canaliculi emicirculares
Cochlea
N lacialis VllJ
Sinus igmoideus
Fig.725 Lateral projection f the inner ear.
V jugularisnterna
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
F i g . 7 2 6 a , b P e t r o u s a r t o f h e e m p o r a I o n e ,0 s t e m p o r a [ e , a r s p e t r o s a ;h i g h - r e s o l u t i o n o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c o r i z o n t a I e c t i o n s H R C T ) ;inferiorview.a T h r o u g h h e a t e r a l e m i c i r c u L a ra n a t ,
C a n a [ i s e m i c i r c u t a r i s a t e r a t i sb I n f e r i o r o t h e a t e r a I e m i c r r c u [ a r a n a t ,
C a n a l i s e m i c i r c u [ a r i sa t e r a I i s
F i g . 7 2 7 a , b E a r, A u r i s ;h i g h - r e s o t u t i o n o m p u t e d o m o g r a p h i c r o n t a l e c t i o n s H R C T J ;a n t e r i o r i e w.a T h r o u g h h e b a s e o f h e c o c h l e ab Throuqh h e e x t e r n a I c o u s t i cm e a t u s
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
A b d o m e n , 6Abduct io Art lcu[a t io oxael 10A-ce[[s 9Achi t tes endon ef lex 34 6AcromioclavicuLaroint s Art icu-
Lat io cromioclavicuLar isAcromion 120, 60, 162-1 5 ,
179-184,226ADAMKIEWICZ,r tery of 344Adduct io Art icu[a t io oxael 10Adenohypophysis 79, 95Adhesio nter tha amica 27 ,
295-29 , 302, 31 1, 317, 320, 328,334,337
A d i t u s- L a r y n g i s 0 4 , 3 0-
o r b i t a L i s 5 4A e q u a t o r 6 2 , 3 6 6At a- cr is tae a[[ i 40- [obut i ent raLis 03-304- major 31r, 2 , 46, 53-57, 6 , 353,
358, 61 377 38 8- m i n o r 3 4 , 0 , 5 4 - 5 7 , 3 5 3- nasi 86- o s s i s t i u m 3 4 0- v o m e r i s 5 0 , 13 6
Alveous[- i- d e n t a t e s 5 , 10 6- hippocampi 14-315, 28-329,
334-335A m i c u L u m L i v a r e 09Ampul[a- c a n a L i c u t ia c r i m a t i s 57- membranacea nter ior 393-395- - la tera t is 393-394- - p o s t e r i o r 9 3 , 3 9 5- ossea nter ior 392- - [a tera t is 92- - poster ior 39 2
A n g u u s ( - i J- a c r o m i i 1 60- i n f e r i o r 6 0 , 8 3- i r rdocorneat is 62, 64- Latera t is 60- mandibulae 45, 60-62, 7- o c u L ia t e r a L i s 5 2 , 3 5 5- - m e d i a t i s 5 2 , 5 5- s p h e n o i d a I i s 4- s u p e r i o r 6 0 , 8 3- venosus 23
Ansa- cervicat is 5 , 84, 164-11+9,51 ,
228,273, 7, T9-T10- t i n g u a L i s 44- s u b c l a v i a 7 , 1 5 3- t e n d i n i s M d i g a s t r i c u s i 0 6
- cross-sect ion 54- f a s c i a 1 7 8- i n n e r v a t i o n ,e g m e n t a [ 1 6- M R r 2 5 4 - 2 5 5- m u s c l e s 1 8 0 - 1 8 1 , 9 2 - 1 9 3 ,
198-204, 3 1 T35- t ransverse ect ion 255-256
Antevers io Art icuLat iooxael 10A n t i h e t i x 8 0Ant i t ragus 38 0Antrum mastoideum 86
A n u L u s- f ibrocar t i tagineus 82, 84-385,
387- i r id ismajor 364-365- - m i n o r 3 6 4 - 3 6 5- t e n d i n e u s o m m u n i s 58 ,
3 6 0 - 3 6 1 , 3 6 9 , T 5 7- tympanicus 6-47
A n u s 1 4Aorta 149- a b d o m i n a t i s P a r s b d o m i n a t i s
ao ta e- a s c e n d e n s P a r s s c e n d e n s
aor tae- descendens Pars descendens
ao tae- thoracica Pars horacica
aor tae
Ape tu a- c a n a I i c u [ ie s t i b u I i 9- externa anal icut i ochleae 9- - canal is arot ic i 43, 264,388- i n t e r n a a n a [ i s a ro t i c i 1 , 26 5- Latera t is 98-299, 10-31 , 33 7- m e d i a n a 7 6 , 2 9 8 , 3 0 2 , 1 0 - 3 1 ,
337- p i r i f o r m i s 3 , 4 6 , 5 2- s i n u s r o n t a L i s 1- - c n h o n n i r l : l i < q 1 6 A
- t h o r a c i s u p e r i o r 4 9Apex- l C o r n u o s t e r i u s ) 4 5- c u s p i d i s 4- L i n g u a e 0 3, 0 7 - 1 0 8- par t is pet rosae 59,278-279,
3 9 1 , 0 0 , 5 7- r a d i c i s e n t i s 94
A p o n e u r o s r s- d o r s a t i s 1 ,2 49- [ i n g u a e 0 4- m u s c u t i i c i p i t i s r a c h i i1 7 8 ,
Apparatus acr imal is 35 7Appendix ermiformis 1 , 1 6-17Aqueduct f SYLVTUSAqueductus
m e s e n c e p h a l iAqued c tus- mesencephat i 87, 95, 97,
302, 310-3 1 1. 317, 320, 323-32/\328, 35-337
- vest ibuI i 91Arac noid a- m a t e r r a n i a t i s 1 6 - 11 7 , 2 61 ,
278,282-283,326,330- - spinal is 34 3Arcus- a l v e o [ a r i sM a n d i b u t a j 0 - 6 1- anter ior t tant is 45, 42- aor tae 18, 22, 27, 121, 136, 53,
2 7 2 , 3 4 4- c a r t i l a g i n i sr i c o i d e a e 1 8 ,
122-126, 129, 136- c o s t a L i s 7 9- denta l is nfer ior 93- - s u p e r i o r 3- d u c t u s h o r a c i c i 3- patatogLossus 2, 102-103- p a l a t o p h a r y n g e u s 2 ,1 0 2 - 1 0 3 ,
136, 39, 14 1- pafmaris rofundus 23,242,245
Arcuspalmaris- - s u p e r f i c i a t i s 2 3 , 2 4 2 , 2 L 4 ,
250- superci l iar is 8- v e n o s u s u g u t a r i s 1 8 , 3 6 , 4 3 ,
72-73,83,91 100, 13 7Area{-ael- cochlear is 91-392- hypothatamica atera t is 29 5- nervi acia l is 39 1- post rema 29 9- pretecta t is 70- s t r ia ta 37 0- subcatlosa 295, 318, 326,
334-335
- vest ibutar is 99- - i n f e r i o r 91- - s u p e r i o r 9 1
A r m ,m u s c t e s 8 5 - 1 9 1 , 2 9 - T 3 0Arter ia -ae- a tveo[ar is nfer ior 69, 71, , 2-84,
109 111, 16-117 25 8- - super ior os ter ior 74, 83- angutar is 74, 80, 82-8/ . , 58- a u r i c u L a r i so s t e r i o r 9 , 4 ,
8 2 - 8 4 , 1 4 2 , 1 4 5 , 2 5 8- - profunda 83- axi t tar is 18, 118, 46-147, 52 ,
152, 154-155,344- - profunda 152-153- - superf ic ia[ is 45-147,152- c h o r o i d e a n t e r i o r 1 8 - 3 ' 1 9 ,
321,370- ci [ iar is{-es] 70,374- - anter ior 363- - poster ior( -es l 76- - - b r e v e s 3 6 3- - - t o n g a 3 6 3- ci rcumflexa umeri anter ior
2 2 3 , 2 2 7 , 2 3 2- - - p o s t e r i o r 2 3 , 2 2 7 , 2 2 9 ,
2 3 1 - 2 3 2 , 2 3 5- - i t i u m r o f u n d a 9- - s c a p u l a e 2 7 , 2 3 5-
col ica ext ra 19- - m e d i a 1 9- - s i n i s t r a 9- col la tera t is edia 22 3- - radia l is 223,234-235,
238-241- - u tnar is nfer ior 223,233-235,
238-241- - - s u p e r i o r 2 2 3 , 2 3 3 ,
238-240,253- c o m i t a n s e r v im e d i a n i 2 3 , 2 3 9- c o m m u n i c a n s n t e r i o r 7 8 ,
3 1 8 - 3 2 0 , 3 2 6 , 3 3 6- - p o s t e r i o r 5 9 , 2 7 8 , 3 1 8 - 3 1 9 ,
327 336-338- conjunct ival is nter ior 36 3- c o r o n a r i a e 9- digi ta tes orsaLes 46, 50- - patmares ommunes 223,
242-244,250,257- - - propr iae 223,242-246,
250,257- d o r s a t i s a s i 8 5 , 3 7 4 , 3 7 6- - p e d i s 8- e p i g a s t r i c an f e r i o r 9- episc lera t is 63- e t h m o i d a l i s n t e r i o r 1 , 6 5 ,
- f e m o r a [ i s 8- f i b u t a r i s 8- f rontobasaLisateraLis '18- - m e d i a t i s 1 8 , 3 2 1- gast r ica inis t ra 19-
g t u t e a n f e r i o r 9- - s u p e r i o r 9- h e p a t i c a o m m u n i s 9- hypophysia t isnfer ior 295- - super ior 29 5- i l e a l e s 9- i t e o c o t i c a 9- i t i a c a o m m u n i s 8 - 1 9 , 2 2 , 2 7- - externa 18-19,22- - in terna 18-19,22- i t i o l u m b a t i s 9- i n f e r i o r a n t e r i o r c e r e b e t t i5 9 ,
278,318-319- - poster iorcerebet t i 59 .278,
3 1 8 - 3 1 9- infraorbi ta l i s 4 , 83-84, 58,
2 6 4 , 3 1 5 , 3 7 8
l ltnoexThe numbers efer o he page numbers
The numbers with ,T" refer o the numbers f he ables n he separate ookle t nctosed n Vo[ume
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Arteria[-ae]- i n s u [ a r e s 9 4- intercosta[ is l -es l os ter iores
152,344- -
s u p r e m a 1 5 2- i n t e r o s s e a n t e r i o r 2 3 , 2 3 9 ,21+1, 48, 250
- - c o m m u n i s 8 , 2 2 3 , 2 3 9- - p o s t e r i o r 9 7 , 2 2 3 , 2 3 9 , 2 4 1 ,
2 50- - TecuTrens 23,240-2L1- i n t r a m u s c u t a r i s 1- in t rasepta t is 1- j e j u n a L e s 9- [abiaI is nfer ior 74, 25 8- - super ior 74, 25 8- tabyr inthi 41, 265, 78, 1 -31- [ a c r i m a l i s 1 6 , 5 6 , 7 2 - 3 7 / + ,
37 6- [aryngea nfer ior 130- - s u p e r i o r 0 8 , 1 1 4 - 1 1 5 ,
- [ i e n a L i s A r t e r i a p L e n i c a- [ i n g u a [ i s 9 , 4 , 2 , 8 4 - 8 5 , 1 0 ,
113-117 134, 40, 145, 51 25 8- [umbales 22- masseter ica 3, 85- m a x i L L a r i s9 , 6 9 , 7 4 , 8 3 - 8 5 , 58- meningea media 41,43,74,
83-84, 58, 264-265, 69, 7 ,278, 280,372
- - p o s t e r i o r 1 , 4 3 , 1 4 0 ,2 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 2 7 8
- m e s e n c e p h a l i c a e 1 9- mesenter ica nfer ior 18-19,22,
2 7- - s u p e r i o r 8 - 1 9 , 2 2 , 2 7- metacarpales orsates 246, 48,
2 5 0- - p a t m a r e s 4 2 , 2 4 5 , 2 5 0 , 2 5 7-
n a s o p a l a t i n a 13- n u t r i c i a- obtura tor ia 19- occipi ta l i s 9 , 74, 82-84, 109,
1 ,1 1 +/+,46 1 +7, 59- - m e d i a l i s 2 9 - 3 3 0- ophthaLmica \ , 258-259, 65,
267 2 7 , 2 7 - 2 7 9 , 3 6 9 - 3 7 8- ovar ica 18- p a l a t i n a { - a e Js c e n d e n s 4 , 8 4 ,
1 1 3 , 1 3 0 , 1 4 0- - d e s c e n d e n s 4 , 5 8- - m a j o r 4 3 , 1 0 2 , 11 3 , 2 6 4- - minores 26 4- p a n c r e a t i c o d u o d e n a t i sn f e r i o r
1 9- par ie ta t is os ter ior 28 1- per ica l tosa 94, 12, 20,
326-327, 329 330, 334-335- p h a r y n g e a s c e n d e n s 9 , 4 1 ,
43,140,258- p o n t i s 31 9- p o p t i t e a 8- pr inceps ot l ic is 223, 42-243,
2 4 5 , 2 4 8- p r o f u n d a r a c h i i1 8 , 2 2 3 , 2 2 7 ,
232-235,252-253- - f e m o r i s 1 8- - l i n g u a e 1 3 , 1 1 5- p u d e n d a n t e r n a 1 9- p u L m o n a L i s2- radiaLis 8, 170, 23, 36 ,
238-240, 242, 244-246, 248,255-256
- - i n d i c i s 2 3 , 2 4 2 - 2 4 3- r a d i c u t a r i s a g n a 34 4
Arterial-ael- r e c t a t i s e d i a 1 9- - s u p e r i o r 9- TecuTTensadiaLis 23, 38-240- -
u lnar is 223,235,239-241- r e n a t i s 8 , 2 2 , 2 7- s a c r a L i sa t e r a L i s 9- - m e d i a n a 9- s c a p u t a r i s d e s c e n d e n s 5 2- s i g m o i d e a e 9- sphenopala t ina 4, 8L, 25 8- s p i n a L i s n t e r i o r 1 , 3 ,
264-265, 318-319 3LL- - la tera l is 34 4- - poster ior 34 4- s p L e n i c a 9
- s u b c l a v i a 8 - 1 9 , 2 7 , 7 7 , 2 1 , 4 1 ,144-147 149, 152-153,226-229
- s u b f a s c i a t i s 1- subt ingual is 4 , 113-115, 3/ +- submental is 4 , 83-84, 110,
145-1/+7,258- subscapu[ar is 27, 32- su[c i ent raLis 81- - postcentra l is 81- - precentra l is 81- s u p e r i o r e r e b e t t i 7 8 , 1 8 - 3 1 9 ,
3 7 4 , 3 7 6- t e m p o r a t i s 7- - m e d i a 7 4 , 8 3 - 8 5- - profunda nter ior 74, 25 8- - - poster ior 74,83-84,258- - superf ic iaI is 9, 68,73-7 ,
8 0 - 8 5 , 9 , 2 58-
t e s t i c u L a r i s 8- t h a [ a m o t u b e r a t i s 1 9- t h o r a c i c a n t e r n a 1 9 , 4 6 - 1 4 8 ,
1 2 - 1 3- - l a t e r a l i s 4 7 , 2 2 5 , 2 2 7 - 2 2 9- - s u p e r i o r 2 7 , 2 2 9- thoTacoacromiatis 44-1 7, 223,
226-228- thoracodorsal is 27 22 8- thyroidea nfer ior 130,133,
139-141 146-147 15 2- - s u p e r i o r 9 , 7 4 , 1 1 0 , 1 1 5 ,
- t i b i a t i s n t e r i o r 18- - p o s t e r i o r 8- t ransversa ol l i 144-145,149,
152,228-229- - f a c i e i7 / + , 8 3 , 11 6 , 2 5 8- t u b e r i s i n e r e i 1 9- t y m p a n i c a n t e r i o r 3- - poster ior 38 4- utnar is 18, 170, 11, 23,
238 210, 242-215, 248 2 49,255-256
- u m b i t i c a t i s 9 , 2- ver tebra t is [ -es l 9, 41, 43, 69 ,
- v e s i c a t i sn f e r i o r 9- zygomat icoorbi ta t i s 4, 82-83
Arter i s- b r a i n 1 8- h a n d 2 4 2 , 2 4 6- head 258-259
Arteries- of ADAMKIEWICZArter ia adic-
u l a n s m a g n a- < v c f a m i . c i r e r r l : r i o n l R
-u p p e r i m b 2 2 3Arter ioLa(-ael
- m a c u t a r i s n f e r i o r 6 7- - s u p e r i o r 6 7- m e d i a t i s e t i nae 67- n a s a l i s e t i n a e n f e r i o r 6 7- - - s u p e r i o r 3 6 7- t e m p o r a I i s e t i n a e n f e r i o r 6 7- - - s u p e r i o r 3 6 7
A r t i c u L a t i o { - n e s l- a c r o m i o c L a v i c u L a r i s8 ,1 6 0 ,
162,165,182-183,T23- a t t a n t o a x i a t i s e d i a n a 2
- + l - ^ + ^ ^ ^ - i ^ :+ - l i - t o t o ( r o , , ( u u L L , P, ( o u J r u z
- carpi 174- c a r p o m e t a c a r p a L i s ( - e s l58 ,
17 , T23- - p o t t i c i s 7 2 - 1 7 L , I 2 3- c a r t i l a g i n e a- c i n g u l i e c t o r a t i s 5 8 , 2 3- c o n o i d e a 0- c o x a e 1 0- c r i c o a r y t e n o i d e a 2 2 , 3 1- c r i c o t h y r o i d e a 2 5- c u b i t i 1 5 8 , 1 6 8 , T 2 3- - A P - r a d i o g r a p h 7 0- - f r o n t a I s e c t i o n 7 0- - l a t e r a t r a d i o g r a p h 7 0
- - ^ i l + ^ l ^ ^ - r : ^ ^ 1 7 n - 5 d 9 r r ( o r
- c y t i n d r i c a 0- d i g i t i1 7 5 , 2 3- humeri 9 , 158, 62-16/ . ,
1 3-1 4 , T2 3- - A P - r a d i o g r a p h 6 5- - c T 1 6 5- - jo intcavi ty, t ructure 9- - s e c t i o n in he s c a p u [ a r l a n e l
9 , 1 6 4- h u m e r o r a d i a t i s 5 8 , 2 3- h u m e r o u t n a r i s 5 8 , 2 3- incudomaLLear is 84- i n c u d o s t a p e d i a t i s8 4- i n t e r p h a [ a n g e a e anus 175 ,
210,T23- - - d i s t a l e s 1 , 1 5 8 , 7 5- - - p r o x i m a l e s 5 8 , 7 5- m a n u s 1 7 3- m e d i o c a r p a t i s 5 8 , 7 4 , f 2 3- m e m b r i u p e r i o r i s 2 3- - - t i b e r i T 2 3- m e t a c a r p o p h a t a n g e a [ - a e l58 ,
1 7 3 , 7 5 , 2 0 72 1 3 , 23- - p o t t i c i s 7 2 , 1 7 5- o s s i c u l o r u m u d i t u s 8 4- o v o i d e a 0- p t a n a 1 0 , 2 3- radiocarpat is 58, 7 , 250, 23- r a d i o u t n a r i s i s t a t i s 5 8 , 6 9 ,
173-17 ,, 04, 256, 23- - p r o x i m a L i s 5 8 , 1 6 9 , 2 5 4 , I 2 3- s e t t a r i s 0 , 2 3- s p h e r o i d e a 0 , 2 3- s ternocLavicutar is 59-1 0 , T2 3- synoviaLis- t e m p o r o m a n d i b u t a r i s 2 - 6 3 ,
6 5 - 6 6 , 2 - 7 3 , 8 3- - t o m o g r a p h y 5- t r o c h o i d e a 0 , 2 3
Associa t ion reas- a u d i t i o n 9 1- m o t o r i c i t y 9 1- sensorysystem 91- v i s i o n 9 1
Associa t ion e[[s 347Associa t ion racts 306A t t a s 1 2 1 , 1 3 6 , 3 4 4 , 3 8 2A t r i u m-
cordis ext rum 22- - s i n i s t r u m 2A u d i t i o n 9 6. - associa t ion rea 291- project ion rea 291
Audi tory rgan 394, T5 7Audi tory athway 39 7Auricu[a 379-380Auris 379- interna 379,390- m e d i a 3 7 9
Axes of he human body 1Axilta 227-229Axi[[aryossa Fossa xi tLar isAxis 45- e x t e r n u s u t b i 3 6 2- i n t e r n u s u [ b i 3 52- {Lensl 36 6- Longi tudinal isArt icuLat iooxael
1 0- of ro ta t ion, oint 11- o p t i c u s 6 2- sagi t ta[ is Art icu[a t io oxael 10- t ransversat is Art icuLat iooxael
1 0
B
B a s a I a n g t i a 0 9Base of he sku[[.- external surlace L2- - contents 26 4- - Foramina 43,26L- internaI urface 40, 27 8- - c o n t e n t s 1- - F o r a m i n a 1 ,26 5
B a s i s- c o c h l e a e 9 2- lCornu poster ius l 45- crani i externa 42- - - F o r a m i n a L 3 , 2 6 4- - in terna 40-41,278- - - F o r a m i n a 2 6 5- m a n d i b u l a e 0- o s s i s m e t a c a r p i 7 1 , 1 7 6 , 2 5 0- pha[angis Manusl 171-172,175- s tapedis 383-384B - c e [ [ sB I C H ATf a t p a d C o r p u s d i p o -
s u m b u c c a eB fu cat i- a o r t a e 1 8 - 1 9 , 2 2- c a r o t i d i s 4 , 11 5 , 1 3 4B [ i n d p o t D i s c u s e r v i p t i c iBody, urface , roject ion f n ter-
n a Io r g a n s 1 - 1B o n e s- of he hand 172- of he skuL[ 34-35, 8, 46- tubular bone, t ructure 7BoTALLoduct , igament Ductus
ar ter iosusBoWN4ANmembrane Lamina
I i m i t a n s n t e r i o rBrachium 2-3, 157 158, 161 ,
1 5-1 7 , 1 9-1 1 , 230, 233-234- arteries 223,235- coLLicut infer ior is 298-299- - super ior is 298-299,370- cross-sect ion 52- f a s c i a 7 8- i n n e r v a t i o n ,e g m e n t a [ 1 6
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
200 20 4, 206-21 , T29-T30- nerves 232,235- t ransverse ect ion 25 3- vesse[s 23 2B r a i n E n c e p h a t o nBrainstem 286, 293, 298-299, 32 0B r e g m a 36B r o n c h i r i n c i p a t e s 4B R O W N - S E o U A R D ' se m i p l e g i a 51B u t b u s l - i l- a o r t a e 1 9
n r r i n i t : l i c a a ?
- i n f e r i o r e n a e u g u t a r i s11 0 - 1 4 1 , 1 4 5 , 2 2 9
- l M e d u L L ab t o n g a t a ) 8 4- ocuti 323-324, 359, 361 364,
369-37 37 4,377 37 8- - M R t3 6 1- otfactor ius 8 , 27 , 283, 286,
292, 318, 337 r57- s u p e r i o r e n a e u g u t a r i s 1 ,140-1 1 , 260, 264-265, 82
B U R D A C Ht r a c t s F a s c i c u L u sc u n e a t u s
B u r s a l - a e l- b i c i p i t o r a d i a t i s6 8 , 7 0 , 9 5 ,
T29- infrahyoidea 24, 29, 13 2- m u s c u t i o r a c o b r a c h i a l i s
1 3-1 4- subacromiat is 63-164,
1 3-1 4- s u b c u t a n e a t e c r a n i 7 0 , 7 8- s u b d e t t o i d e a 8 3 , 9 1- s u b t e n d i n e a u s c u t i u b s c a p u -
t a r i s 1 6 2 , 8 4 , 1 8- synoviaLis 62
cC a e c u m 1 4- cupulare 39 3- vest ibutare 93-394
Calcaneus , eveLopmentC a L c a r v i s 3 1 3 - 3 1 6 , 2 9 , 3 3 - 3 3 4CaLvar ia 9 , 26 1Ca[x 5C a m e r a- a n t e r i o r u t b i 3 6 2 , 3 6 4- poster ior utbi 362, 64- p o s t r e m a u t b i3 6 2 , 3 6 9- vi t rea Camera ost rema uIbi
Canal f ScHLEN4MSinus enosussc erae
C a n a t i c u t u s l - i i
- cochteae 93- [ a c r i m a t i s ( - e s ] 53- - i n f e r i o r 5 7- - s u p e r i o r 57- m a s t o i d e u s 2 , 2 6 4
C a a i [ - e s l- a n a l i s 4- carot icus 41-43, 9, 264-265.
2 7 8 , 3 8 5 - 3 8 9 , 3 9 1- carpi 209, 19,249- c e n t r a L i s0 2 . 3 1 0 - 3 1
345-346- condylar is 0-42, 64-265- d i p t o i c i 6 1- i n c i s i v u s 8 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 7 , 11 3- i n f r a o r b i t a t i s 4 - 5 5 , 0 0 ,
268-269.353
Canalisl es l- [ o n g r t u d i n a t i so d i o t i 9 1- m a n d i b u t a e 9 - 1 0 0- m u s c u l o t u b a r i u s 9- n a s o t a c r i m a L i s2 , 3 5 3- n e r v i a c i a l i s 7 0 , 3 8 6 , 3 9 1 ,
398-399, 57- - h y p o g l o s s i 8 . L 0 - 4 3 , 6 2 .
264-265, 273, 278, T5 7- n u t r i c i u s- opt icus 40-41, 4-55, 7 , 265,
- p a t a t i n u s a j o r 5 5- pterygoideus 5-56- r a d i c i s e n t i s 94- s e m i c i r c u l a r i s l - e s l7 9 , 3 9 9- - anter ior 390-392,394- - ta teraLis 90-392,394,398,
40 0- - p o s t e r i o r 9 0 - 3 9 3 , 4 0 0- s p i r a t i s c o c h t e a e 9 1- - m o d i o t i 9 1
- uLnocarpat is 49C A N N 0 N - B 0 H Mo i n tT5 7C a p i t u l u m u m e r i 1 6 1 , 6 8 , 7 0Ca su a- ar t icu[ar is Art icuta t io t tantoax-
ia l is a teraLis j 1- - (Art icula t io ar -
p o m e t a c a r p a t i s o t t i c i s l 7 3- - ( A r t i c u t a t i ou b i t i l1 68- - [ A r t i c u [ a t i ou m e r i l9 ,
1 6 2 - 1 6 3 , 1 8 3 - 1 8 4- - ( A r t i c u [ a t i on t e r p h a l a n g e a
0 r s t a U s i I- - [Art icuLat io etacarpopha-
t a n g e a l 7 3 , 7 5 , 0 7 , 1 3- - lArt icuta t ioadiou[nar is rs -
ta t i s l '169,173,20L- - lArt icula t io ternoctavicuLar is]
1 5 9- - l A r t i c u t a t i oe m p o r o m a n d i b u -
tar is l 62-63, 6-61, 72-73- - . r ; . ^ . n / t 6 h n i d o r l ? ?
- - c r i c o t h y r o i d e a 2 3 , 1 2 6 - 1 2 7- externa 294, 308-309, 326-328,
- s t a p e d i s 8 3 , 3 9 8- superf ic ia te 07, 09, 45, 57,T 2 4 , T 3 6
- s u p e r i u s 7 , 9- t ransversum M adductor ot t i -
c is l 205, 07-209,136- uLnae 6 , 172, 7 , 178, 03, 10- ulnare M flexor arpi ulnar is l
186, 192,240, T3 1- - [ M p r o n a t o r e r e s ] 1 7 0 , 8 6 ,
1 9 2 , 9 7 2 0 4 , 2 3 9 , 1 3 1Cardiovascutar ys tem- ar ter ies 18- overview 18,20,23- veins 20C a r p a I o in t- d i s t a t s A r t i c u t a t i o
med oca pa is- proximaI Art icuLat ioadio-
ca pa rsC a r p a I u n n e l 2 56Carpometacarpat oint of he
t h u m b A r t i c u t a t i o a r -pometacarpaLis o[[ ic is
CarpometacarpaI oints l -Vs Ar-t icu[a t iones arpometacarpates
Carpus 1 8 , 25 6- tTansverse ect ion 25 6C a r t i L a g i n o u so i n t 9Ca t i Lag - nes J- a t a r i s ( - e s l a j o r 6 9 , 8 6 - 8 8 , 36- - m i n o r e s 6- a r t i c u t a r i s , 9- arytenoidea 22-128, 31, 15 4- a u r i c u L a e 9 , 8 0 , 8 2- cornicula ta 22-123, 25-128,
139
- c o s t a t i s 59- c r i c o i d e a 1 4 , 1 8 , 2 2 , 2 7 ,1 3 3 , 1 5 4 , 1 5 6
- c u n e i f o r m i s 2 7 , 1 3 9- epigLot t ica 5 , 104, 22-12/+,
129, 133, 13 6- Laryngis 22-123,125- meatus cust ic i 38 0- nas i 86- - accessor iae 6- - [ a t e r a I i s 6 , 8 8 , 0 9- sept i nas i 86-87- t h y r o i d e a 0 4, 0 8 , 1 4 - 11 5 ,
118, 122-127 129-134, 36-137139, 19, 54, 56
- t racheates 23-124, 26-127,129, 132-134, 137, 15 6
Index
Ca titago[ nes)- t r i t icea 123,126-127- tubae audi t ivae 1 1 388-389Ca u ncu[a- Lacr imal is 52,357- s u b l i n g u a l i s 11 - 11 2 , 1 4C a d a- equina 24,340-344- hel ic is 380-381- ( N u c t e u s a u d a t u s l 9 4 , 3 0 9 ,
3 16 - 3 1 7 3 2 7 3 2 9 , 3 3 2 - 3 3 5 .338-339
c a u d a I i s = i n f e r i o r lCavi tas(tesJ- a r t i c u L a r i s A r t i c u t a t i oc u b i t i ]
17 0- - ( A r t i c u t a t i ou m e r i i 9 , 1 6 5- conchae 80- coronae 94- dent is 94- gLenoidat is 60, 64-165, 84- infragtot t ica 29, 33- m e d u l l a r i s , 1 7 5
- nasi 14, 51, 54, 62, 69, 88, 91 ,1 9 , 61
- or is 14,92,102-103- - p r o p r i a 1 4 , 1 0 3- p h a r y n g i s 3 1- synovia t is 1- tympani 101,379,382, 85-387,
391,394,398, 00C a v u m e p t i e L t u c i d i1 5 , 3 1 7 , 3 3 1CeLIua- ethmoidales 44-45, 53-54, 68,
89, 11 , 323, 58, 61, 377 37 8- - anter iores 8, 90-91, 57- - m e d i a e 0- - poster iores 0-91,T57- mastoideae 4-45, 01, 82,
386, 400, 57- pneumat icae 89- t y m p a n i c a e 8 6 , 3 9 1C e m e n t u m 4Centrum emiova[e 93, 12Cerebet topont in angLe 7 -27 1,
T57Cerebet tum 5, 284, 86, 02-305,
307, 1 , 324, 328,335, 40, 50,39 6
CerebraI emispheres 89- c o r t i c a t a r e a s 9 1- gyri 287,289-290- sulci 287,289Cerebru m 24-25, 285 28 6, 288,
340, 70Cervix- {Cornu oster ius l 45- c T 1 3 5- d e n t i s 9 4- s a n e c k
C h i a s m a p t i c u m2 7 - 2 7 7 , 7 9 ,286 287, 292-293, 295, 297, 302,31 1, 31 8, 320, 323-324, 327, 361,369-371, T57
C h o a n a 3 , 4 7 , 9 3 , 1 3 9Chord -ae]- o b l i q u a 6 8 - 1 6 9 , 1 9 2- tympani 8/+, 69 270, 275, 382,
384-385, 87, 98-399, 57Choroidea 362-364,368C i t i a3 5 2 , 5 5 , 3 7 8C i n g u t u m- lLereDrumi Uo- m e m b r i n f e r i o r i s C i n g u t u m
pe[vicum- - s u p e r i o r i s C i n g u t u m ec -
toraLe
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Cingulum Commissura Corpusl-ora) Crista[-aeJ- p e c t o r a t e , 1 5 8 , 6 0 - l F o r n i x l 9 2 - 2 9 3 , 2 9 5 , 3 3 3 , 3 3 7 - c i l i a r e 6 2 - 3 6 5 , 3 6 9 - t u b e r c u t i a j o r i s 1 6 1 - 1 6 2- pelvicum 6 - habenularum 95,306,317,337 - clavicutae 59 - - minor is 161-162C i r c u l a t i o n - t a t e r a t i s a t p e b r a r u m 5 2 , 3 5 5 - { F o r n i x l 9 2 - 2 9 5 , 3 1 5 - 3 1 6 , 3 2 0 . - v e s t i b u t i 9 2-
foela l 22-
medial is a lpebrarum 52, 55 327,332-
zygomat icoatveolar is 9, 53- postnata l 2 - poster ior 295,298,306,317, - genicuta tum atera le 297-299, Crus{-ra l 2-3 ,384Circulus 320,334,337 307,328,335,370-371,f57 - anter ius Capsuta nternal 296,- a r t e r i o s u s e r e b r i W t L L t S l7 8 , C o m m i s s u r a l r a c t s 306 - - m e d i a l e 9 7 - 2 9 9 , 3 2 8 , 3 3 5 , 3 0 7 - 3 0 8 , 3 2 6 , 3 3 3 - 3 3 5 , 3 3 8
318-319 Computed omography CTl , houl- 370,396-397 - - (StapesJ 83-384- - i r i d i sm a j o r 3 6 3 d e r o i n t 1 6 5 - h u m e r i 7 , 1 6 1 , 1 6 8 , 1 7 0 , 1 8 4 , - a n t i h e t i c i s 8 0- - - m i n o r 3 6 3 C o n c h a ( - a e ) 1 9 0 - b r e v e 3 8 3 - 3 8 4 , 3 8 7C i r c u m f e r e n t i a - a u r i c u l a e 8 0 - i n c u d i s 8 3 - 3 8 5 , 3 8 7 - c e r e b r i 7 7 , 2 9 7 , 3 0 1 , 3 3 6- a r t i c u l a r i s l R a d i u s l 6 7 - 1 6 9 - n a s a l i s i n f e r i o r 4 , 4 4 , 5 1 - 5 2 , - l i n g u a e 0 3 , 1 0 7 - [ F o r n i x ] 9 2 - 2 9 3 , 3 0 2 , 3 1 3 - 3 1 7 ,- - lu tnal 166 54,68,87-88, 0 ,116-117,139, - mamil lare 286-287,292-293, 323,328-329,331-332,337-338C i s t e r n a 3 5 7 2 9 5 , 2 9 7 , 3 0 2 , 3 0 9 , 3 2 0 , 3 2 4 , 3 2 7 , h e l i c i s 8 0- a m b i e n s 7 7 , 2 8 3 , 3 2 8 - 3 2 9 , - - m e d i a 3 4 , , 4 , 5 1 , 5 L , 6 8 , 3 3 6 - 3 3 7 , 3 7 0 - l a t e r a t e { C a r t i l a g o a t a r i s m a j o r l
3 3 4 - T 7 , f 5 7 8 7 - 8 8 , 0 , 1 0 9 , 3 9 , 7 8 , T 5 7 - m a n d i b u l a e 4 , 4 4 - 4 5 , 6 0 - 6 1 8 6 , 8 8- c e r e b e l t o m e d u t l a r i s8 3 , 3 11 , 3 2 4 - - s u p e r i o r 1 , 8 8 , 5 7 - m a x i L L a e53 - l o n g u m 3 8 3 - 3 8 4 , 3 8 7- c h i a s m a t i c a 8 3 , 2 9 5 , 3 11 , 3 3 6 - s p h e n o i d a t i s 6 - m e d u l l a r e e r e b e t t i 0 5 - m e d i a t e C a r t i l a g o l a r i sm a j o r l- chyt i 23 Conduct ion naesthes ia , inger - (Nucleus audatus] 94,296, 85-87- fossae atera l is erebr i 283, 251 298,314-317,327-328,331,338 - membranaceum ommune
326-329,332-336, 38-339 Condytus - (Os hyoideum) 15,92,105-107, 39 3- i n t e r p e d u n c u l a r i s 8 3 , 2 9 5 , 3 11 , - h u m e r i 1 6 1 1 2 6 , 1 3 2 - - s i m p l e x 9 3
3 2 3 , 3 2 7 , T 5 7 - o c c i p i t a t i s 5 , L 2 - 4 3 , 1 3 7 , 3 8 8 - ( O s p h e n o i d a t e J 0 - 5 1 , 5 5 - 5 6 , - o s s e u m o m m u n e 9 2- l a m i n a e e r m i n a l i s 2 6 C o n e e t t s 3 6 3 , 3 7 0 6 2 , 1 3 6 , 3 5 3 - - s i m p L e x 9 2- p e r i c a [ [ o s a 11 , 3 2 6 , 3 2 8 - 3 2 9 , C o n f t u e n s i n u u m 2 6 0 , 6 2 , 2 7 6 , - o s s i sm e t a c a r p i 7 1 - p o s t e r i u s C a p s u [ an t e r n a ] 9 6 ,
332,334-335 311,322 - phalangis Vanusl 171-172,257 308,333-335- p o n t i s 3 2 7 C o n i o t o m y 18 - p i n e a l e G [ a n d u l a inea l i s - - ( S t a p e s ) 8 3 - 3 8 4 , 3 9 8- pontocerebet tar is 83,294,311, Connexus nter tendinei 10-211 - radi i 167-168,203 Cryptae onsi t lares 03
3 2 7 , f 5 7 C o n u s - s t r i a t u m 3 5 0 C u b i t a 5 8- q u a d r i g e m i n a t i s 29 - e t a s t i c u s 2 4 - 1 2 5 , 1 2 9 , 1 3 3 - t r a p e z o i d e u m 9 7 C u t m e n 0 2 - 3 0 4Claust rum 294,308-309,326-328, - medul lar is 340,342-3L3 - ulnae 166,168,203 Cuneus 290,292,331-333
3 3 2 - 3 3 5 , 3 3 9 C o r 1 6 - 1 8 , 2 0 , 3 0 - u n g u i s 3 1 C u p u t a o c h t e a e 9 1 - 3 9 4C t a v i c l e C l a v i c u l a C o r i u m D e r m i s - v e r t e b r a e 3 5 , 5 4 - 1 5 5 C u s p i s e n t i s 9 4CtavicuLa , 105, 118-120, 35, Cornea 359, 362-365,378,f57 - vi t reum 361-362 Cutaneous nnervat ion
1 L / + , 1 4 7 , 1 4 9 , 1 5 2 , 1 5 5 , 1 5 8 - 1 6 0 , o r n u C o r t e x - h e a d 7 91 6 2 - 1 6 5 , 1 7 8 - 1 8 0 , ' 1 8 2 - 1 8 3 , 1 8 5 , a n t e r i u s M e d u t t a p i n a t i s ) - c e r e b e l t i 0 5 - n e c k 7 9189-190,226 345-346,349-350 - cerebr i 261 - segmentat , pper imb 216
- dextra 135 - fronta le 277,293-294,296,298, - tent is 366 Cutaneous erves , pper LimbC t a w h a n d , u l n a r n e r v e a l s y2 2 0 3 1 0 - 3 11 , 3 1 3 , 3 1 5- 3 1 7 , 3 2 0 - 3 2 1 , o r t i c a l a r e a s 2 1 6 - 2 1 7C L E L A N D Si g a m e n t 4 9 - 2 5 0 3 2 3 , 3 2 6 - 3 2 7 , 3 3 1 - 3 3 4 , 3 3 7 - c e r e b r a l e m i s p h e r e s 9 1 C u t i s 3 1 , 2 5 2 , 2 5 6 , 2 6 1
Cti tor is 1-
infer ius Car t i tago hyroideal-
funct ional ccording o FOERSTER Cymba onchae 80Ctivus 40, 51, 62, 138-139, 00, f57 122-123, 26-127 130 291Cochlea 79,382,390-392,391+, - la tera te l t ledul ta pinat is l Costa t -ae] ,135,147,149,
3 9 9 - 4 0 0 3 4 5 - 3 4 6 1 5 2 - 1 5 3 , 1 5 5 , 2 2 9 , 3 1 , 0 , 3 4 2 DC o l L i c u t u s [ - i J - m a l u s 6 7 , 9 2 , 1 0 5 - 1 0 8 , 111 , 11 3 , C r a n i a l e r v e s 5 - 2 6 , 2 6 6 ,- [ C a r t i t a g o a r y t e n o i d e a )2 2 1 2 3 , 1 2 6 - 1 2 7 , 1 3 0 , 1 3 2 , 1 3 7 - 1 3 9 , 2 7 6 - 2 7 7 , 3 0 1 , T 5 5 , T 5 7 D e c i d u o u s t e e t h 7 - 9 8- f a c i a t i s 9 9 , 3 11 1 4 1 - f i b r e u a l i t i e s 5 6 D e c l i v e 0 2 - 3 0 4- i n f e r i o r 7 6 , 2 9 6 , 2 9 8 - 2 9 9 , 3 2 9 , - m i n u s 9 2 , 1 0 5 - 1 0 8 , 1 2 3 , - n u c l e i 0 0 - 3 0 1 D e c u s s a t i o ( - n e s l
336,396-397,f57 126-127,132 - - motor 350 - Lemniscorum 48- s u p e r i o r 7 6 , 2 8 7 , 2 9 6 - 2 9 9 , 3 29 , - o c c i p i t a t e 9 4 , 2 9 6 , 3 1 0 - 3 11 , c r a n i a t i s { = s u p e r i o r J - p e d u n c u t o r u m c e r e b e t L a r i u m
3 3 5 , 3 7 0 - 3 7 1 3 1 3 - 3 1 6 , 3 2 3 , 3 2 9 , 3 33 - 3 3 4 , 3 3 8 r a n i u m , 3 3 - 3 4 , 3 6 - 3 8 , 4 4 - 4 7 s u p e r i o r u m 0 2 , 3 0 5Cot tum 2-3, 6 ,32,136,11+8-11,9 , - poster ius Medut ta pinat is ) Cremaster ic ef lex 346 - pyramidum 286,307,309,31+2
154-156 345-3L6 Cris ta{-ael Deep ensibi l i ty, nconscious 49- a n a t o m i c u m 61 - s u p e r i u s C a r t i t a g oh y r o i d e a ) - a m p u t t a r i s 9 5 D E I T E R S 'u c l e u s 9 7- c h i r u r g i c u m 6 1 , 1 8 3 , 1 9 1 1 2 2 - 1 2 7 , 1 3 0 , 1 3 2 , 1 3 9 - a r c u a l a 2 2 D e n s l - t e s J- mal le i 383,387 - temporate 277,293-29L, - bas i tar is 94 - axis 44-45,324- m a n d i b u t a e 1 , 6 3 3 0 9 - 3 11 , 3 1 4 - 3 1 5 , 3 2 3 - 3 2 5 , - c o n c h a L i s { M a x i t t a l9 - c a n i n u s 3 - 9 5 , 9 7 , 9 9 - 1 0 0 , 1 0 2 ,- r a d i i 1 6 7 - 1 7 0 3 2 7 - 3 2 9 , 3 3 5 - 3 3 6 , 3 3 8 - 3 3 9 - e t h m o i d a t i s 9 ,51 11 2- scapulae 1 0 , 1 5 Corona - fenest rae ochleae 92 - decidui 46, 61 94-95,98-99C o t o n 1 6 - 1 7 - c l i n i c a 4 - f r o n t a l i s 9 - 4 0 - i n c i s i v i 4 , 9 3 - 9 5 , 9 7 , 9 9 - 1 0 A ,- a s c e n d e n s 4 - d e n t i s 94 - g a t t i 3 8 , 4 0 , 4 4 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 5 4 1 0 2 , 11 2 , 1 5 6- d e s c e n d e n s 4 - r a d i a t a 3 0 - i n f r a t e m p o r a l i s 2 , 5 6 , 6 6 - m o l a r i s ( - e s l 4 , 6 8 , 9 3 - 9 5 ,- s i g m o i d e u m 4 C o r o n a r y l a n e f r o n t a l t a n e - L a c r i m a t i sn t e r i o r 4 9 , 5 1 + - 5 5 , 9 7 - 1 0 0 , 1 0 2 , 11 2 , 11 6 - 11 7- t r a n s v e r s u m 4 C o r p u s l - o r a l 3 5 3 - - l l l 9 3 , 9 9 , 1 0 2 , 11 2C o l u m n a l - a e l - a d i p o s u m u c c a e 0 , 7 2 , 0 9 , - - p o s t e r i o r 4 - 5 5 , 3 5 3 - p e r m a n e n t e s 4 - 9 9- anter ior 345-3/ .6 117 - muscut i upinator is 66 - premotares 3,97,99-100,102,- f F o r n i x ] 9 2 , 2 9 5 , 2 9 8 , 3 0 2 , 3 0 9 , - - o r b i t a e 11 6 , 3 5 4 , 3 6 1 , 3 6 9 , - n a s a l i s M a x i [ L a l7 11 2
3 1 5 - 3 1 7 , 3 2 3 , 3 2 7 , 3 3 2 - 3 3 5 3 7 2 , 3 7 8 - - [ 0 s p a t a t i n u m ) 8 - s e r o t i n u s D e n s m o l a r i s l l- in termedia 45-3t6 - - preepiglot t icum 23-124, - occipi ta l i sexterna 7 Dent inum 94- p o s t e r i o r 4 5 - 3 4 6 1 2 6 , 1 2 9 , 1 3 6 - - i n t e r n a 0 , 5 7 D e r m a t o m e s 1 6- v e r t e b r a t i s - a m y g d a l o i d e u m 9 2 - 2 9 4 , 3 2 7 , - s p h e n o i d a l i s 0 , 5 6 D e r m i s 26 1Commissura 336,338 - supraepicondytar is a tera t is DESCEN4ET'sembrane Lamina- a t b a n t e r i o r 45 - c a l l o s u m 7 6 , 2 8 7 - 2 8 8 , 1 6 1 , 1 7 0 , 2 5 3 L i m r t a n s o s t e r i o r- a n t e r i o r 7 6 , 2 9 2 - 2 9 3 , 2 9 5 , 29 8 , 2 9 2 - 2 9 5 , 2 9 8 , 3 0 2 , 3 0 6 - 3 0 7 , 3 0 9 , - m e d r a l i s 6 1 , 1 6 8 , 1 7 0 D e s m o d o n t i u m s e r i o d o n t i u m
3 0 2 , 3 0 6 , 3 11 , 3 1 7 , 3 2 0 , 3 2 4 . 3 2 7 , 3 1 2 , 3 1 4 - 3 1 7 , 3 2 0 , 3 2 L - 3 2 9 , - s u p r a m a s t o i d e a 8 D i a p h r a g m a 6 - 1 7 , T 7334-335,337-338,345 331-334,337 - t ransversa 91-392 - sel lae 279
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
D i a p h y s i s- ( R a d i u s l 7 7- ( U t n a l1 77Diencephalon 84, 88, 97Digest ive ract , overview 14D i g i t u s M a n u s ) 1 5 8- a n u [ a n s 5 7 , 7 1- m e d i u s 1 5 7 , 1 7 1 , 2 5 7- m i n i m u s 5 7 , 7 1- pr imus s Pot tex- q u a r t u s D i g i t u s n u [ a r i s- q u i n t u s D i g i t u s i n i m u s- s e c u n d u s l n d e x- t e r t i u s D i g i t u s e d i u sD I P d i s t a t n t e r p h a L a n g e a Io i n t l
17 5D i p t o e 9 , 4 5 , 2 6 1 , 2 8 0D sc s- ar t icu[ar is Art icuta t ioadiout-
n a r i s i s t a [ i s l 4- - lArt icuta t io ternoclavicutar is l
1 5 9- - (Art icula t ioemporomandibu-
tar isJ 63-67, 3- in terver tebra[ is 53- nerviopt ic i 362,367dis ta t 93-94d i s t a I i sD v i s i o n e s- d o r s a L e sP t e x u s r a c h i a t i s l 1 4- ventraLes Ptexus rachia t is l
21 4DorsaL poneurosis 57dorsal is 1D o r s u m 3- [ inguae 92. 102-103, 07, 13,
14 1- m a n u s 4 , 1 5 7 , 2 4 7 - 2 4 8- - c u r a n e o u s n n e r v a u o n , eg -
m e n t a L 5 1- p e d i s 4 - 5- s e l l a e 3 8 , 0 , 5 0 , 6 , 2 , 2 7 9Ductu[ i xcre tor i i Gtanduta
t a c n m a t r s t c 6 - J c /Ductus( us l- ar ter iosus BorALLo] 2- cochlear is 82, 93-395- d e f e r e n s 5- endolymphat icus 93- lymphat icus exter 23- n a s o l a c r i m a t i s 8 , 3 5 7- parot ideus 8, 70, 72-73, 0 ,
1 0 9 - 1 1 0 , 1 1 6 , 1 3 7- reuniens 393-394- s e m i c i r c u l a r i s n t e r i o r 9 0 ,
393-395- - [ a t e r a I i s 9 0 , 9 3 - 3 9 5 , 3 9 8- - p o s t e r i o r 9 0 , 9 3 , 3 9 5- s u b t i n g u a t i s { - e s ia j o r 111 , 11 4- - m i n o r e s 111 , 11 / +
- s u b m a n d i b u t a r i s 1 0 - 1 1 1 , 1 1 ' ,116-117
- thoracicus 3 , 22 9- utr iculosaccu[ar is 93- venosus ARANTIus]2D u o d e n u m 4 , 1 6Dura mater- crania l is 116-117, 61 262,
278-281,369, 89, 93, Ts 7- spinaI is 136, 54, 42-343
E
E a r 3 79Ear-eye-ptane 3ELbowoint Articutatioubit i
E m i n e n t i a- arcuata 38, 59- cot ta tera l is 14, 35-336, 39- c r u c i f o r m i s 7- h y p o t h e n a r i s H y p o t h e n a r- mediatis 298-299- p y r a m i d a l i s 8 6 - 3 8 7 , 3 9 8- t h e n a r i s T h e n a rE n a m e t u m 4EncephaLon 82,284, 23-32L.
327,332,340,370- a r t e r l e s 1 8- development 84- frontaI ec t ion 326-329- h o r i z o n t a t s e c t i o n 3 0 - 3 3 1 ,
333-336- m e d i a n e c t i o n 3 7- MRr 323-325- sagi t taI ec t ion 337-339- v e n t r i c t e 1 0Endocr ine rgans 30E p e n d y m u m 1 3 , 3 1 5 - 3 1 6Epicon yLus
- l a t e r a l i s H u m e r u s l 6 1 , 6 8 ,170, 78-179, 5 , 1 7, 196, 198,200-203, 31,234,241
- m e d i a l i s H u m e r u s l 5 7 , 1 6 1 ,1 8 , 1 0 , 1 7 8 , 1 8 6 - 1 8 7 , 1 9 - 1 0 ,19 -195, 197 198, 233, 238-21+0
Epicr i t ic ensibi t i ty, a thways f s< a n < i h i l i h r a n i r r i i i r
E p i d e r m i s 1 , 26 1E p i d i d y m i s 5EpigLot t is 03, 26-128, 30, 39,
1 4 1 , 1 5 6E p i p h a r y n x 3 9E p i p h y s e a t l a t e , u m e r u sEp p hys s- d i s t a l i s- - [ R a d i u s ] 7 7- - ( U t n a l 7 7- proximal isE p i t e n d i n e u m 1E p i t h e t i u m- anter ius Corneal 62,364- poster ius Corneal 64E p o n y c h i u m 1E q u i L i b r i u m- contro[ 39 6- pathway 39 7- - afferent /efferent 96E t h m o i d a I o n e 0 s e t h m o i d a t eExcavat io isc i 362, 68Extensio Art icu[a t io oxael T3 9Extra-ocu[ar usctes 358-361- t ' /Rt 361ExtrapyramidaI otor sys tem 350Extremita t , bere , muscles 20 4Extremitas- acromiat is 159, 62-163
- d i s t a [ i s H u m e r u s l- p r o x i m a t i sH u m e r u s )- s t e r n a t i s 5 9Ey e- s O c u L u s { - i lEyebat t 62-364- d i m e n s i o n s 6 2- layers 363
F
Facia[muscles 70-72, 54, 1 , 57Facies- anter ior Corneai 64- - ( l r i s l 362,364- - {Lensl 362,364-366
Facies nterior- - l M a x i t t a ) 9- - p a t p e b r a e 5 5- - par t i s pet rosae 0- - [ R a d i u s ) 6 7 - 1 6 9 , 1 9 7- - [ U t n a ]1 6 6 , 1 6 8 - 1 6 9- a n t e r o l a t e r a t i sH u m e r u s ] 6 1- a n t e r o m e d i a l i sH u m e r u s ] 61- a r t i c u l a r i s c r o m i a t i s 5 9- - arytenoidea 22- - c a r p a l i s 6 7 , 1 6 9 , 1 7 4- - c t a v i c u [ a r i s 6 0 , 1 6 4- - ( l n c u s l 8 3- - l M a t t e u s l 8 3- - s t e r n a L i s 5 9- - thyroidea 122,124,126- c e r e b r a t i s 0 s s p h e n o i d a t e l 6- - [0s emporate) 9- contactus 4- costa t is ScapuLal 60- dis ta t i s 94- externa 0s ronta te] 48- i n f e r i o r i n g u a e 0 4 , 0 8 , 11 2
- i n f r a t e m p o r a [ i s 9- in terna 0s ronta te] 50, 55- l a t e r a L i sR a d i u s l 6 7 , 69- [ i n g u a L i s 4- maxiLLar is0s sphenoidate l 6- m e d i a t i s e m i s p h e r i i e r e b r i
320- - [ U t n a ]1 6 6 , 1 6 9- m e s i a l i s 4- nasa[ is MaxiLtal 9- o r b i t a L i sM a x i L [ a l9 , 3 5 3- - [0s ronta le] 48,353- - lOs sphenoidate l 4, 51 ' -56,
35 3- - [Os ygomat icuml 4, 35 3- poster ior Corneal 64-365- - l H u m e r u s l 6 1- - llris] 362,364-365- - [Lens) 362,366- - patpebrae 55
c o o r o j- -P d r u 5 P s l r v J o c r v / , w /
- - { R a d i u s j 6 7 , 1 6 9- - l S c a p u t a ) 6 0- - [ U t n a ]1 6 6 , 1 6 9- temporal is Os ronta te] 8- - ( O s p h e n o i d a t e l 6 , 3 8 8- - { O s e m p o r a t e l 8- ves t ibular is 4Fatx erebr i 116-117,261, 7 ,
294,321,325, 57Fascia 11- a n t e b r a c h i i 7 8 , 8 5 , 8 9 - 1 9 1 ,
- a r m 1 7 8- a x i t t a r i s 2 4 , 2 2 7- brachii 178,225, 238, 252-253
- cervicaLis 0-72, 109-110,118-1 9 , 1 3-1 4, 136, +3, 56- cLavipectora l is 26- i n f r a s p i n a t a 7 9 , 1 8 5- m a s s e t e r i c a 0 9 - 1 0 , 1 9- n e c k 1 1 9- p a r o t i d e a 1 , 10 9- p e c t o r a [ i s 8 4- p h a r y n g o b a s i l a r i s 3 7 - 1 3 8 , 4 1- temporal is 72FasciaI ompar tments f he hand
249F a s c i c u l u s { - i l- anterola tera l is 48- cuneatus 298-299, 345, 347 34 8- graci[is 298-299, 1+5,47 31'8- in terfascicutar is 47
lndex
Fasciculus[-i]- [a tera l is PLexus rachiaLisJ 5,
214-215,226,232- [ o n g i t u d i n a t i sn f e r i o r 06- - m e d i a t i s 0 2 , 3 0 5 , 0 9 , 3 4 7 ,
396-397- - s u p e r i o r 0 6- m a m i l l o t e g m e n t a t i s 9 5- mamiLtotha[amicus 92, 95 ,
309, 35- media[ is Plexus rachia[ is l 5,
1 7 21 4-215, 226, 232- m u s c u L a r i s a c c e s s o r i u s 3 8- poster ior Ptexus rachia t is ] 5,
2 1 / , - 2 1 5 , 2 6 , 2 3 2- propr i i n ter iores 47- - la tera les 34 7- - poster iores 47- septomarginat is 47- t ransvers i 06,243- u n c i n a t u s 0 6Fast ig ium 02F e m u r 2 - 3 , 6 , 3 0 8-
developmentFenest ra- cochleae 86,392-393- v e s t i b u t i 8 6 , 9 1 - 3 9 3Fi ae- aTcuatae erebr i 30 6- ci rcu[ares 52- cor t iconucteares 70, 9 , 350- - b u t b i 3 50- cor t icore t iculares 96, 08- c o r t i c o r u b r a l e s 9 6 , 3 0 8- cor t icospinaLes 96, 07-308,
35 0- cor t icothaLamicae 96, 08- m e r i d i o n a l e s 6 2- o c c i p i t o p o n t i n a e0 7- ot ivospinaLes 47- par ie tooccipi topont inae 96- p a r i e t o p o n t i n a e 07- pontocerebel lares 50- t e m p o r o p o n t i n a e 9 6 , 3 0 7- thatamopar ie ta les 9 , 348- zonu[ares 63-365Fibrocar t i lago asat is 27 9F i b r o u so i n t 9F i b u l a- developmentf i b u L a r i sF r t u m t - a t- offactor ia ll 266,I57- r a d i c u t a r i aN s p i n a t i s l 8 6 ,
Fi ge r- s D i g i t u s ( - i )- c o n d u c t i o n n a e s t h e s i a 51- j o i n t s A r t i c u t a t i o ( - n e s Ji g i t iFissu a -ae)- ant i t ragohet ic ina 80- cerebet t i 05- hor izonta[ is CerebeLtum] 97 ,
303-301*- [ongi tudina[ is erebr i 282.
285-288, 293, 309, 31 2, 316, 323,326-336
- m e d i a n a n t e r i o r M e d u t l a b -tongata) 86
- - - [ M e d u t t a s p i n a t i s l342-343,345
- nodutof[occutar is 03
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
- p e t r o o c c i p i t a [ i s0 , 3 9 9- petrosquamosa 0, 58- petrotympanica 8-59- posterola tera[ is 04- pr ima 302-303- pterygomaxi[ar is 53- s e c u n d a 0 2 - 3 0 3- sphenopetrosa 1, 43, 64-265,
2 7 9 38 9- t e l o d i e n c e p h a L i c a17- t ransversa erebr i 33 2- tympanomastoidea 8F L E C H S I G ,v a t u n d t e f s F a s c i -
- , , 1 , , ^ ^ ^ ^ r ^ * ^ - - : - ^ r ^L u ( u r J E P r U I t d t g i l r d U 5
FLECHSIG'sract S TractuSs p i n o c e r e b e l t a r i so s t e r i o r
Ftexio Art icuta t io oxael 1
Flocculus 86, 93, 98, 03-304,309,329
Fo[ium ermis 302-303F o l l i c u t ii n g u a t e s 1 3F o n t i c u t u s- anlerior 46-47- mastoideus 6-47- poster ior 46-47- s p h e n o i d a l i s 6F o r a m e n ( - i n a l- a tveolar ia 9, 53- a p i c i s e n t i s 9 4- caecum inguae 38, 40,103-101- c r i b r o s a 8 , 4 0 , 4 8 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 7 ,
265,278- e t h m o i d a t e n t e r i u s 4 - 5 5 , 3 5 3- - p o s t e r i u s 4 - 5 5 , 3 5 3- incis ivum 38, 42-43, 52, 26 4- i n f r a o r b i t a L e4 , 6 , 5 4 , 7 9 , 1 ,
269, 7 , 27 , 388-39 , 57- pa[a t inaminora 43, 52,93,264- pata t inum majus /+2-43,52,93,
102,264- par ie ta te 6-38- rotundum 40-41, 5-57,
264-265, 268, 27 , 278, 390, 57- s i n g u l a r e 9 1- s p h e n o p a L a t i n u m 1 , 5 , 7- spinosum 40-L3, 53, 57 ,
26/+-265, 69 278, 39 0- s tylomastoideum 2-43, 9,
101, 61, 70, 86, 399, 57- supraorbi ta te 4, 46,35 3
Foramenl-inal- zygomat icofacia te 3-54, 53- z y g o m a t i c o o r b i t a t e5 , 5 3 , 3 5 6Fo ceps-
major 306, 31, 33- m i n o r 3 0 6 , 3 1 , 3 4FoTearm- s A n t e b r a c h i u m- m u s c L e s A n t e b r a c h i u m ,
musctesFormat io et icutar is 45, 1+8Fornix 276, 292-295, 298, 302, 309,
313-317 320,323-325,327 329 ,331 335, 337-338
- c o n j u n c t i v a en f e r i o r 5 2 , 3 5 4 ,3 5 7 , 3 7 8
- - super ior 354,357,378- s a c c i a c r i m a t i s 5 7Fossa ael- a x i [ [ a r i s 5 7 - 1 8 ,2 2 7 22 9- c a n i n a 9- cerebeLLaris 7- c o r o n o i d e a 6 1 , 1 7 0- c r a n i i n t e r i o r 1- - m e d i a 4 1 , 2 7 7 , f 5 7- - p o s t e r i o r 1 , T 5 7- c u b i t a t i s- digas t r ica 0-61- g l a nduLaea c r i m a t i s 8 , 3 5 3- h y p o p h y s i a [ i s 0 , 5 , 5 0 , 7 , 2 ,
27 9- incis iva 7- i n c u d i s 8 6 - 3 8 7- infraclavicutar is 78, 28- i n f r a s p i n a t a 6 0- inf a temporaI is 3, 53, 36 0- interpeduncutar is 86-287, 02 ,
3 0 9 , 2 5 , 3 6- l u g u t a r i s 2 ,5 9- lateralis cerebri 287-288,290,
314,325-326-
mandibular is 2, 45,58-59, 63 ,6 5 - 6 7 , 3 8 8- o t e c r a n i 6 1 , 1 7 0- popLi tea- p t e r y g o i d e a 8 ,5 6 , 8 7- p t e r y g o p a L a t i n a3 , 5 , 3 5 3- r a d i a t i s 6 1- rhomboidea 98-299, 02, 42,
397- s a c c i a c r i m a t i s 3 , 3 5 3- s c a p h o i d e a 6- subarcuata 0, 59- s u b s c a p u [ a r i s 6 0- s u p r a c t a v i c u t a r i s i n o r 3 2 ,
11 9- s u p r a s p i n a t a 6 0- s u p r a t o n s i t t a r i s 03- t r i a n g u l a r i s 8 0Fossuta l -aeJ
- fenest rae ochteae 86-387,392
- - v e s t i b u t i 8 6- pet rosa 42, 59- tonsi [ [ares Tonsi t ta a ta t ina)
1 0 3Fovea a eJ- a r t i c u t a r i s 6 7- c e n t r a t i s 6 2 , 3 6 7- inferior 299- o b t o n g a 2 2- pterygoidea 0- s u b t i n g u a t i s 0 - 6 1- s u b m a n d i b u t a r i s 0 - 6 1- super ior 29 9- t r i a n g u t a r i s 2 2- t rochLear is 53
Foveota[-ae] 67- granu[ares 9- c r r n r : m o : + i r r 6 Q
F r e n u t u m-
[ i n g u a e 0 4 , 1 0 8 , 11 2- v e l im e d u t t a r i s u p e r i o r i s298-299,305, 36
Frons 33FrontaI one 0s f ronta leFronta l lane 1Fundus- m e a t u s c u s t i c in t e r n i 91
T57- o c u t i 3 6 7F u n i c u [ u s- a n t e r i o r 4 5- la tera t is Medut ta btongata]
299- - ( M e d u t t a p i n a t i s l 4 5- poster ior 328,345- - palsy 35 1
GGalea poneurot ica 0-73,
116-117 261,280GALEN,ein f s Vena magna
cereDrlG a n g t i o n [ - i a J- c e r v i c a l e e d i u m 2 7 , 1 4 0 - 1 4 1 ,
147,153-151- - s u p e r i u s 7 , 4 1 , 1 4 0 - 1 4 1 ,
1 7 2 7 4 - 2 7 5- cervicothoracicum 7, 133,
140-1/ ,1 , 53- ciLiare 9, 267 268, 27 ,
370-371 373-374,377 T5 7- c o e t i a c u m 7 - 2 8- G A S S F R i a nGa ng l ion r i g e m i -
na e-
g e n i c u [ i 0 1 , 7 0 , 3 9 0 , 9 9- tmpar 27- i n f e r i u s N g L o s s o p h a r y n g e u s l
1 4 0 , 2 7 1 , 3 9 8- - lN v a g u s l 11 0 - 1 / + 1 , 2 7 2- [ u m b a [ r a 7- m e s e n t e r i c u m n f e r i u s 8- - s u p e r i u s 8- o p t i c u m 6 3 , 7 0 , 5 7- ot icum 269, 71, 75, 57- pelvica 27- pterygopa[at inum 01, 68, 74,
377 J57- r e t i n a e 6 3 , 3 7 0- sacralia 27- s e n s o Ti a e r v o r u m pina l i um
26, 3 40, 312-343, 3 48-3 49cervicat ium 40lumbai lum 340,344s a c r a L i u m 4 0
- s p i n a [ e 4 2- s p i r a l e o c h t e a e 7 1 , 3 9 4 , 3 9 7- s te t ta tum Gangl ion ervi -
c0tno acr um- s u b m a n d i b u t a r e 9 , 4 ,11 A ,
114, 69,275, 57- s u p e r i u s N g t o s s o p h a r y n g e u s )
27 - 2 7 2- - [ N v a g u s J 4 0 , 2 7 2- s y m p a t h i c u m c c e s s o r i u m 14 7- t h o r a c i c a 7- t r i g e m i n a t e 9 ,1 0 1 , 6 7 - 2 6 9 ,
- t r u n c i y m p a t h i c i 6- ves t ibulare 71, 395, 97
G A S S E R i a na n g t i o n G a n g t i o ntr igem na e
G a s t e r 4 , 6 - 1 7 , 3 0G e n i c u L u me r v i a c i a t i s 9 8
Genu- { C a p s u t an t e r n a i 9 6 , 3 0 7 - 3 0 8 ,327,333-334
- ( C o r p u s a [ [ o s u m l 7 6 , 2 9 2 ,3 0 6 - 3 0 7 , 1 3 , 1 5 - 3 1 7 , 2 0 , 3 2 4 ,332-333, 37
Gingiva 3 , 111-112, 57Gingtymi 23G t a b e t t a 8G a d a -ae]- b u l b o u r e t h r a t i s 5- Labia les 2- [ a c r i m a L i s 1 6 - 11 7 , 6 8 , 7 4 ,
354, 56-357, 60-361, 72-374,377 378, T5 7
- [ a r y n g e a l e s 3 1- Linguales 04, 114,f57- nasates 7 , T5 7- pata t inae 02,f57- p a r a t h y r o i d e an f e r i o r 0 , 130 ,
1 3 3 , 1 3 8 - 1 3 9 , 1 4 1- - s u p e r i o r 0 , 1 3 0 , 3 8- parot idea 4, 69-70, 2 , 77, 80 ,
- v e s i c u L o s a 5Gtobus at t idus 94- [ateratis 29 , 308-309, 321, 334,
3 3 8- media[ is 294, 08-309, 27,334,
33 8G l o m u s- c a r o t i c u m 7 1- c h o r o i d e u m 1 3 , 1 5 , 2 1 , 3 8G n a t h i o n 3G0LL'sract s Fasciculus rac i t i sGoWER'sract s Tractus pinocere-
beLLarisnter iorG r a n u t a t i o n e s r a c h n o i d e a e 6 1 ,
280-282,311GRAYSoN'sigament 249-250GSA generat omat ic fferenceJ
2 7 4 - 2 7 5 , 3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 6GSE general omat ic fferencel
300-30 T56GUYoN,oge de s Loge de GUYONGVA generaI isceraI fferenceJ
312,325-328, 30-33 337- insuLae 09,325-327- tingualis 87, 29,335-336- [ o n g u sn s u t a e 89- o c c i p i t a t e s3 1 - 3 3 3 ,35- occipitotempora[isateraLis
286-287, 9 , 327 329, 3- - medialis 87,290,315,
327-329
- orbitales 86-287, 90, 26,3 3 6 , 6 1 , 7 0- p a r a h i p p o c a m p a t i s8 6 - 2 8 8 ,
- rectus 287, 92, 26, 36-337- supramarg na is 285, 89 290,
329-330- temporatisnlerior 87,
289-290,325-329- - medius 289-290,327-329,
333-335- - superior 89-290,325-329,
332-335- - transversus nterior 91
H
H a b e n u l a 34H a m u [ u s- l r m i n r o c n i r r l i c ? 4 2
- o s s i s a m a t i 1 7 1 - 1 7 3 , 1 7 6 , 2 11- p t e r y g o i d e u s 8 , 4 2 , 5 0 - 5 1 . 3 ,
55-56, 2 , 67 87 92, 102, 1373 88
H a n d M a n u sH e a d 3 2 , 1 36- arteries 258-259- cutaneous nnervat ion 9- r e g i o n s 2-
veins 260H e L i x 8 0H e m i p L e g i aB R o w N - s E o u A R D l5 1H e m i s p h e r i u m- cerebe[[ i 83, 86, 93, 97,
303-304, 09, 1 , 320,329,336-339
- (Cerebrumj 40H e p a r 4 , 1 6 - 1 7 , 2 2HESCHL'sransverse yrus 39 7H i a t u s- canal is ervi pet ros i major is /mi-
n o r i s 2 7 8- m a x i t t a r i s 1- o e s o p h a g e u s 72- s e m i l u n a r i s 0- v e n a e e p h a t i c a e 84
H i [ u m- nucLei enta t i 30 5- - o t ivar is nfer ior is 30 9Hippocampus 9 , 313-31 , 323,
325, 27, 33-336, 38-339HumeroradiaLoint s Art icula t ro
h u m e r o r a d i a [ i sH u m e r o u t n a ro i n t A r t i c u l a t r o
hu me o uLna isH u m e r u s , 1 5 8 , 6 1 , 6 3 - 1 6 1 - ,
168, 170, 182-184,204, 38,252-253
- o n i n h w < o r l n l r t o < 7
- growth pta tes 7Hyoid one Os hyoideumH y p o n y c h i u m 1Hypopharynx 39Hypophysis 0 , 262, 78-27 , 283,
286, 302, 320, 323-324, 327, 337,369
Hypothatamus 30, 295, 302, 320,327 334-337
- overview 95
Hypothenar 57, 80, 06, 49,256, 38
I
I t e u m 4 , 1 6l m p r e s s i o [ - n e s l- gyrorum 40- [ i g a m e n t i o s t o c l a v i c u t a r i s ' ]9- t r i g e m i n a t l s 8 6 , 8 9I n c i s u r a l - a e J- a n t e r i o r 8 0- c a r t i L a g i n i se a t u s c u s t i c i 8 0- f r o n t a t i s 8 , 5 4 , 3 5 3- i n t e r a r y t e n o i d e a 2 8 , 3 0 , 3 9 ,
14 1- inter t ragica 80- j u g u t a r i s 0 s o c c i p i t a t e l 7- [acr imal is 9, 35 3- m a n d i b u t a e 0 , 6 5- mastoidea 7 , 42, 58-59- nasal is 49- par ie taLis 8-59- preoccipitatis 288-290- pterygoidea 6- r a d i a [ i s 6 6 , 1 6 8- s c a p u t a e 6 0 , 1 6 2- s p h e n o p a l a t i n a 9- supraorbi ta[ is 8 , 35 4- thyroidea nfer ior 122- - superior 122-123,125-126- t rochLear is 66, 68-170- tympanica 87- u l n a r i s 16 7I n c u s 7 9 , 3 8 3 , 3 8 7I n d e x 5 7 , 7 1
lndusium riseum 312, 1 , 328,332-333I n f r a - n d u p r a h y o i d u s c t e s
1 5 - 1 7 , 11 , 1 0 , T9 -T1I n f u n d i b u [ u mH y p o p h y s i s )
2 7 - 2 7 7 2 7 9 , 2 8 6 , 2 8 9 , 2 9 7320 ,323
l n i o n 7Innervat ion f musctes , pper imb
2 05I n s e r t i o n f m u s c [ e s l n s e r t i o ] 1Insula[-aej 84, 94, 08, 1 -31 ,
318, 323 321,, 328, 332 33 4,338-339
- pancreat icae 0l n t o r n r l e r n c r r l o ? a A
l n t e r n a I a r 3 9 0
lnterneurons 46I n t e r p h a t a n g e a to i n t s A r t i c u l a -
t i o n e s n t e r p h a t a n g e a el n t e s t i n u m 0- c r a s s u m 14
- t e n u e 1 4 , 7l n t i m a 9l n t u m e s c e n t i a- cervicat is 40,342- [umbosacrat is 1+0,42lr is 352,362-365l s t h m u s- a o r t a e 1 9- faucium 102,f57- g [ a n d u t a e h y r o i d e a e 1 5 , 1 2 9 ,
J u g m [ - a J- a lveo[ar ia Maxi t ta] 9- s p h e n o i d a [ e 7
Juncturae ynovia tes
L
LABBE,ein f s VEIN fLABBEL a b i u m- infer ius 92,103-104- L i m b iy m p a n i c u m 94- - ves t ibutare 94- m a j u s u d e n d i 5- m i n u s u d e n d i 5- s u p e r i u s 2 ,10 3
L A D T U M- ar t icutare- gtenoidale 64-1 5 , 18 4La y r i t h- b o n y 3 9 1 - 3 9 2- membranous 93-394La yr i th s- cochLear is 79,397- e t h m o i d a L i s 8- m e m b r a n a c e u s 9 3 - 3 9 4- osseus 391-392- vest ibular is 79, 95, 97Lacer tus muscut i ec t iLatera l is 58| - - - i - ^ t ^ ^ ^ ^ - - + . . - 2 E ?L d L r r r r r d t d P P d r d ( u r u J l
L a c r i m a I l a n d G [ a n d u L a[ a r i m a l s
Lacu ae aterales 261, 280-281Lacus acr imat is 52, 35 7L a m n a - a e ]- a f f i x a 9 8 , 1 3 , 1 5 - 3 1 7 , 2 1 ,
3 2 8 , 3 3 1-
a t b a e 30 5- anter ior Vagina uscu[ i ect ia b d o m i n i s l 79
- b a s i t a r i s 94- c a r t i t a g i n i sr i c o i d e a e 22
124-125, 129, 131, 136- choroidocapi l tar is 63- cr ibrosa 38, 40-41,48, 0-51,
87 265,r57- - sc lerae 362,368- dextra Car t i lago hyroideal
1 2 2 - 1 2 4 , 1 2 7 , 1 3 2- episc[era[ is 68- externa 39, L5,261, 28 0- fusca clerae 36 8- hor izonta t is 2, 47, 50-52, 3,
38 8
lndex
Lamina[-ae]- in terna 39, 45, 261, 80- la tera[ is Car t i tago ubae audi t i -
vael 388-389- - l P r o c p t e r y g o i d e u s ) 8 , 4 2 ,
50, 52, 55-56, 2, 137,388- L i m i t a n s n t e r i o r 6 2- - p o s t e r i o r 6 2- m e d i a t i s C a r t i t a g ou b a e u d i t i -
vael 388-389- - (Proc pterygoideusl 8 , 42 ,
5 0 - 5 2 , 5 6 , 2 , 9 2 , 3 8 8- medut lar is a teraLis Nucleus
tent i formis l 09, 27,33 4- - m e d i a t i s N u c l e u s e n t i f o r m i s l
309 327 33 4- membranacea 89- modiol i 391-392- o r b i t a l i s 3 - 5 5 , 3 5 3- p e r p e n d i c u [ a r i s0 s e t h m o i d a t e ]
38, 48, 2 ,87- - l O s p a l a t i n u m l 9 - 5 1 , 5 3 - 5 4- pret racheaLis 18-119, 33-134,
1 3 6- p r e v e r t e b r a l i s 1 9 , 3 3 , 3 6- s inis t ra Car t i tago hyroideaJ
1 2 2 - 1 2 3 , 2 6 - 1 2 7 , 3 0 - 1 1 , 1 7- s p i r a l i s s s e a 3 9 1 - 3 9 2 , 3 9 4- - secundar ia 91-392- superf ic ia t i s Fascia ervicaLisJ
7 0 - 7 2 , 0 9 - 11 0 , 1 9 ,1 3 3 , 3 6 ,1 5 6
- - {Fascia emporaLis l 2- t e c t i 3 0 2 , 3 0 5- terminal is 27 , 292, 95, 02,
320, 327 334-337- t r a g i 3 8 0- vascutosa 63Laminar rganisa t ion f REXED
129 132, 13/.,141- a r t e r i e s 3 0- [aryngoscopy 28- m u s c l e s 1 2 5 , f , 1 5 7- nerves 13 0Latera t entr ic les . Ventr icutus
la teraLis[a tera t is 1Layers f he eyebat t 63- externa[ 36 3- i n t e r n a l 6 3- middLe 63Lemn cus- [a tera t is 48,397- m e d i a t i s 4 8
Lens 361366,
36 9L e v e r r m , m u s c l e s 1 1L i g a m e n t- of CLELAND 49-250- of GRAYSoN 49-250L i g a m e n t u [ - a l- acromioctavicutare 62-1 4 ,
184- anutare l - ia) 23-121 '- - radi i 168-170,203- - s tapedia te 84- aur icu[are oster ius 81- - s u p e r i u s 8 1- c a r p i a d i a t u m 7 3- carpometacarpa[ ia orsa t ia 173,
203- - p a t m a r i a 7 3 , 11
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ligamentum[-aJ- coLLatera le(- ia l- - [Art icuta t io etacarpopha-
t a n g e a l 7 3 , 7 5 , 2 1 3- - c a r p i a d i a t e
7 4- - - u t n a r e 1 7 4- - radia te 168,170,203-204- - u t n a r e 1 6 8 , 7 0- c o n o i d e u m 6 2 , 6 4 , 8 3 - 1 8 4- coracoacromiale 62-1 4,
182-184- coracoctavicutare 62, 64, 83 ,
1 8 9- coracohumerale 62-1 4 , 18 4- c o s t o c l a v i c u t a r e 5 9 , 8 6- cr icoarytenoideum 22-125- cr icopharyngeum 23-124- c r i c o t h y r o i d e u m e d i a n u m 1 ,
123-124, 26, 129, 32, 134, 36 ,1 5 6
- cr icot rachea[e 23, 33- dent icuta tum 43- g t e n o h u m e r a [ en f e r i u s 6 2- - m e d i u m 6 2- - s u p e r i u s 6 2- hyoepigtot t icum 24,126, 29 ,
1 3 6 , 1 5 6- incudis os ter ius 384,387- - s u p e r i u s 8 4 , 8 7- intercarpaLe{- ia lorsa[ ia 17 3- - in terosseum 74- i n t e r c t a v i c u L a r e1 8 , 3 6 , 5 9- [a teraLe Art icula t ioemporo-
m a n d i b u t a r i s l 2 - 7 3- L o n g i t u d i n a [ en t e r i u s 3 6 , 53- - p o s t e r i u s 3 6- mat te i n ter ius 38 4- - la tera te 384-385- - super ius 382, 384-385, 87- m a n u s 1 7 3- m e t a c a r p a t e [ - i a ]o r s a t i a 7 3- - in terossea 74- - palmaria 173,249- - t ransversum rofundum 17 3- - - s u p e r f i c i a l e 2 4 3- o s s i c u l o r u m u d i t u s 8 4- p a l m a r i a 7 3 , 1 7 5- patpebra[e atera le 354,356- - m e d i a [ e 0 , 7 2 , 3 5 4 , 3 5 6 - 3 5 7- p i s o h a m a t u m 73- pisometacarpate 73- pterygospina[e 2- q u a d r a t u m 7 0- radiocarpa[e orsate 17 3- - p a t m a r e 73- s p h e n o m a n d i b u l a r e 2 , 7 , 5 ,
9 2 , 1 3 8- s ternoclavicutare nter ius 159- s ternocosta te adia tum 15 9- s t y t o h y o i d e u m 2 ,1 0 5 - 1 0 6 , 0 8 ,
119-120, 7-1 8- s tylomandibutare 2, 92, 139- thyroepiglot t icum 24, 29,
136- thyrohyoideum atera le 123, 12 6- - m e d i a n u m 1 8 , 1 2 4 , 1 2 6 , 1 2 9 ,
1 3 2 , 1 3 6 , 1 5 6- t ransversum tLant is 36- - scaputae nfer ius 23 5- - - super ius 162,182-183,
1 9 , 23 5- t r a p e z o i d e u m 6 2 , 6 / . ,
1 3-1 4- ulnocarpa[e a[mare 17 3- v e s t i b u t a r e 2 4 , 1 3 3- v o c a [ e 2 2 , 2 1 + - 1 2 5 ,3 1 , 3 3 ,
15 4
L i m b- lower, p iphyseaI Lates- - oss i f ica t ion entres 8- - synostos is-
u p p e r 15 8- - a r t e r i e s 2 3 , 2 3 5- - cutaneous nnervat ion, eg -
m e n t a l 2 1 6- - c u t a n e o u s e r v e s 1 6 - 2 1 7- - f a s c i a 17 8- - j o i n t s 1 5 8 , T 2 3- - tymphat ics 24- - N4Rt 52- - muscles 179,182-187,
189 192, 19 -198, 00-213- - neTves 15,232,235- - o r i g i n s n d n s e r t i o n s f m u s -
ctes 1 6-1 7 , 192, 98- - oss i f ica t ion entres 8- - synostos is- - vesseLs 32L i m b u s- a n t e r i o r a t p e b r a e 5 2 , 5 5- c o r n e a e 6 2- p o s t e r i o r a l p e b r a e 5 2 , 3 5 5- s p i r a t i s 94L r m e n- i n s u l a e 8 9- nasi 88L i n e f a c t i o n , u s c t e s 1L i e a a e J- axi t tar is nter ior 1- - poster ior 1- e p i p h y s i a t i s , 9- i n n o m i n a t a 4- m e d i a n a n t e r i o r1- - poster ior 1- m e d i o c L a v i c u t a r i s ' l- mylohyoidea 0-62- nucha[ is nfer ior 37, 42- - superior 37,L2-
obLiquaCart i lago hyroidea)1 2 2 , 1 2 6- - [ M a n d i b u t a l 0- paras ternaLis- paraver tebraI is- scapu[ar is- s ternat is 1- t e m p o r a l i s n f e r i o r 5 - 3 6- - s u p e r i o r 5 - 3 6- t r a p e z o i d a 5 9Lingua 68, 91, 103-104, 07 ,
112-117 134, 39,324- i n n e r v a t i o n 0 3- t a s t e u a L i t i e s 0 3Ling a- cerebel t i 98, 02-305- m a n d i b u t a e 0 - 6 2- sphenoidat is 0, 56-57, 90L i q u o r p a c e s , n n e r 3 1L o b u t u s l - i l- aur icuLae 80- biventer 303-304- centralis 295, 302-304- g r a c i t i s 0 3- p a r a c e n t r a t i s 90- par ie ta t is nfer ior 285, 89-290,
329 331- - superior 285,289-290,329- q u a d r a n g u t a r i s n t e r i o r 0 3- - poster ior 30 3- semiLunar is nfer ior 303-304- - super ior 303-304- s imptex 30 3Lobusl- anter ior HypophysisJ Adeno-
hypop ysi
Lobus(- i )- cerebet t i n ter ior 302-303- - poster ior 302-303- cerebr i 288-
dexterGtanduta
hyroidea)114 ,132,134,138
- f loccu[onodutar is 86, 02-303- frontafis 284, 288-289, 310, 36 1- i n f e r i o r u L m o n i s 4- i n s u l a r i s l n s u L a- t i m b i c u s 8 8- m e d i u s u t m o n i s e x t r i 14- occipitatis 28/', 288-289, 292,
3 1 0- parietaLis 284, 288-289,
309-3- poster ior Hypophysis l . Neuro-
hypop ys i- pyramidat is 14, 32- s inis ter GLandutahyroideaJ
115, 1 1 , 120, 132-134, 13 8- s u p e r i o r u t m o n i s 4- temporalis 28/,, 288-289,
3 0 9 - 3 1 0 , 3 1 8 , 3 6 1Locus aeruleus 29 9Loge de GUYON 49,256L o n g i t u d i n a Ix i s 1L u n u t a 1Lymphat ic ys tem, verview 3Lymphat ics- arm 224- axilla 224
M
M a c u l a- c r i b r o s a e d i a 39 2- - s u p e r i o r 9 2- tutea 362, 67MaLleus 79, 83, 87, 99
- p a n o r a m i c a d i o g r a p h y 00M a n u b r i u m- m a t [ e i 8 3 - 3 8 5 , 3 8 7- s t e r n i ' 1 3 5 - 1 3 6 , 5 2 , 5 9Manus 2-3 , 158, 171, 7 , 205-213,
242-248,250, 257- A P - r a d i o g r a p h 7 - 1 7 7- a r t e r i e s L 2 , 2 4 6- b o n e s 1 72- fasciaI ompar tments 49- j o i n t s 17 3- [ i g a m e n t s 7 3- musctes 206-207, 09 210,
T37-T38- nerves 246- o r i g i n s n d n s e r t i o n s f m u s -
ctes 205- tendon heaths 20 8- - d o r s a l 21 1M a r g o- a n t e r i o r R a d i u s l 6 7 , 6 9- - { U L n a l 6 9- c i t i a r i s 6 5- f r o n t a t i s 0 s s p h e n o i d a t e J 7- gingivat is 4- inferola tera l is 90, 26- inferomediat is 90, 26- infraorbi taLisMaxi t ta j49- - l 0 r b i t a ) 4 , 3 5 3 , 3 6 0- i n s u [ a r i s l n s u t a- i n t e r o s s e u s R a d i u s J 6 7 , 6 9- - l U t n a l 1 6 6 , 1 6 9
Margo- lacr imal is 1r 9- [ a m b d o i d e u s 6 , 5 7- l a t e r a [ i s H u m e r u s ] 6 1- -
(0rbi ta j 353, 36 0- - [ S c a p u t a l 6 0 , 6 5- t i b e r U n g u i s J 1- t i n g u a e 0 3- mastoideus 7- m e d i a l i s H u m e r u s l 6 1- - [ O r b i t a ] 5 3 , 3 6 0- - l S c a p u t a ) 6 0 , 1 8 3- occipi ta l i s Os empora[eJ 8-59- par ie ta l is Os ronta te l 48- - l 0 s s p h e n o i d a t e l 6 - 5 7
- p o s t e r i o r R a d i u s l 6 7 , 6 9- - [ U t n a l1 6 6 , 1 6 9- pupi t [ar is 64-365- s p h e n o i d a L i s 8 - 5 9- s q u a m o s u s Os p h e n o i d a t e l
56-57- super ior Cerebruml 290,326- - par t i s pet rosae 40,59,91- - I S c a p u t a l 60* s u p r a o r b i t a [ i s0 r b i t a ] 5 3 , 3 6 0- - lOs rontaLe) 4 ,44,48- zygomat icus 6M a t r i x n g u i s 1Maxi t ta34, 38, 42, 46-47, 49-55,
- - - c a r t i l a g i n e u s 3 , 3 8 2- - i n t e r n u s 8 , 4 1 , 2 6 5 , 2 7 0 - 2 7 1 ,
391 r57- n a s i n f e r i o r / + , 5 4 , 8 7 , 9 0 , 1 0 9 ,3 57
- - m e d i u s 4 4 ,90- - s u p e r i o r / 1 , 9 0 , 1 0 9 , 3 7 8m e d i a t i sM e d i a n a g i t t a I t a n e 1Medu[[a- cervicat is 7 -275, T5 7- oblongata 5, 27, 41, 26/ ' -265,
387,157M e m b r u m- i n f e r i u s - 3 , 6- s u p e r i u s - 3 , 6 , 5 8Meninges 61,264-265- o f h e s p i n a I o r d M e n i n g e s
sp na es- spinales 34 3MesencephaLon 84,288, 97 298,
370mesia t 93-94M e s o p h a r y n x 39M e s o t e n d i n e u m 1 , 11 , 5 7MetacarpaLia Ossa metacarpiM e t a c a r p o p h a [ a n g e a lo i n t I s l- s Art icuta t iones e tacarpopha-
t a n g e a e-
o f h e h u m b A r t i c u t a t i om e t a c a r p o p h a t a n g e a o t l i c i sMetacarpus 8- cross-sect ion 57M e t a p h y s i s- d i s t a [ i s H u m e r u s J- p r o x i m a l i sH u m e r u s lMetathalamus 97-298MetencephaLon 84M o d i o l u s o c h t e a e 9 1Monkey and, Median erve patsy
21 9N4onosynapt icef lex 34 6M0NR0, oramen f s Foramen
interve t r i u a emotoneuron f anter ior orn 34 6Motorend pathway 35 0M o t o r n d - p l a t e 4 6 , 5 0Motor ic i ty.- associa t ion rea 291- pathways 50- projection area 291MRI magnet ic esonance omo-
g r a p h i c m a g e l- Antebrachium 54- arm 252- B r a c h i u m 5 2- brain 324- Encephalon 323-324- forearm 254Muscte pindte 34 6M u s c [ e I s l- a r m 1 8 5 - 1 9 1 , 2 9 - T 3 0- axis of ro ta t ion 11- b i p e n n a t e 1- C a p u t 11- d o u b t e - b e L Ly1-
d o u b [ e - h e a d e d 1- fascia 1 1- forearm 192,198- hand 206-207- - o r i g i n n d n s e r t i o n s 05- inser t io 1 1- larynx 125- lever arm 1 1- l i n e f a c t i o n 11- m u t t i - b e t t y 1- m u L t i - h e a d e d 1- - f l a t 1 1- o f m a s t i c a t i o n 0 , 7 2 , 7 4- - f rontaI ec t ion 67-68- - hor izontaI ec t ions 69- O r i g o 1- para t te l ibres 1 1
- upper imb 182-187,189-192,194-198,200-213
- - o r g i n s a n d n s e r t i o n s1 6-1 7 , 192, 98
- Venter 11- with endinous ntersect ions 1M u s c u L u s l - i l- a b d o m l n i s 2 , 3 0 8- a b d u c t o r i g i t im i n i m i M a n u s l
205,207 209,245,257 , T24-r25,T3 8
- - p o t t i c i s b r e v i s 0 5 , 2 0 7 - 2 0 9 ,24/1-246, 25, 13 6
1 3 1 , 1 4 1 , 1 5 6 , r 6- a u r i c u l a r i s l - e s l 8 1 , 5 7- - a n t e r i o r 1 , T 1- - p o s t e r i o r 1 , T 1- - s u p e r i o r 1 , 11 9 , I 1- b i c e p s 1- - brachi i 157,162-165,
M R t 3 6 1- c a p i t i s 2 - 1 3- chondrogtossus 07, 2- c i t iar is 27 , 362-364,f51- c i n g u L ie c t o r a t i s 08- cot t i 1 -1 3, 1 1 , 1 0 , 30 8- const r ic tor haryngis nfer ior
Musculusl-il- m a s t i c a t o r i i 4 , 6 8 , 7 0 , 7 2 - 7 3 ,
30 8- - f rontaL ect ion 67-68- - h o r i z o n t a l s e c t i o n s 9 , 1 0 9- m e m b r i n f e r i o r i s 2 - 1 3 , 0 8- - s u p e r i o r i s 2 - 1 3- mentaLis 0-73, 137,T1- m u t t i f i d u s e r v i c i s 54- m y l o h y o i d e u s 7 - 6 8 , 7 7 , 9 2
- p e n n a t u s 1- p h a r y n g i s 1 , 1 7 - 1 8 , 0 8- p t a n u s 1- p o p t i t e u s 4 1- procerus 70-72, 137, 54, 1- pronator uadratus 192-197,
- uvufae 102,141,388, 3, T5 7- v e r t i c a L i si n g u a e 0 4- vesicae r inar iae 30 8- v o c a t i s 2 7 , 3 1 , 3 3 , 6- zygomat icus a jor 69-72.92,
109, 37 270,354, 1
- - m i n o r 7 0 - 7 2 , 1 3 7 , 2 7 0 , 3 5 4 ,T 1
Myelencephaton 84
N
Nares 86N a s a I a v i t y 1 , 8N a s i o n 3Nasopharynx 39Neck 32, 136, 48-149, 54-156- s a Cervix- c T 1 3 5- c u t a n e o u s n n e r v a t i o n 9- f a s c i a 11 9- r e g i o n s 2NeTVes- hand 246- u p p e r i m b 2 1 5Nervous ys tem- a u t o n o m o u s 8- - f u n c t i o n s 9- centra l 24- p e r i p h e r a t 4Nervusl- abducens Vll 25,41, 7 ,
- a c c e s s o r i u s X l ]2 5 , 1 , 0 - 8 1 ,1L0-147 149-151, 64-266, 73,27 ,278,283, 86, 93,298,3013 1 8 , 3 3 7 3 4 2 , 3 9 9 , 8 ,T 1 , T55 ,r57
- a lveolar is l -esJnfer ior 67,69,79,82-85, 01, 09, 11
11 - 11 7 2 6 9 , 2 7 5- - super iores 101,268- a m p u t t a r i s 9 5- - anter ior 271,393-395- - la tera l is 271,393-395- - poster ior 393-395- anales nfer iores 6- annococcygei 6- a u r i c u L a r i s a g n u s 2 5 , 0 - 8 ' 1 ,
1 4 2 - 1 f i , 1 7- - poster ior 78,82,84-85,142,
Nervus[-i] xi[Laris- - s t ructuTe, egmenta[ 22- - J u P P r y i l , Y
- buccaLis 9, 82-85, 269, 27 5- c a n a L i s t e r y g o i d e i 0 1 , 2 7 4 , 3 9 8- cardiacus ervicat is nler ior 27- - - m e d i u s 2 7 , 1 4 0 , 1 4 7- - - s u p e r i o r 7 , 11 + 0 , 11 , 7- carot icotympanicus 98- c a r o t i c u s n t e r n u s 0 1 , 1 4 0 , 3 7 4- cervicales 24, 26, 82, 145-11+6,
299,342- ci t iares 361*- - b r e v e s 6 7 , 2 7 4 , 3 7 4- - longi 268,374- coccygeus 21+, 6, 342-343- cochlear is 71, 82, 90,
- meatus cus t ic i x terni 83-84- medianus 25, 170, 78, 04, 11,
21 -21 , 21 , 21 -220, 229, 33,
238 21+0, 43 244, 249, 252-257,124, 31 r32, T36-T37- - p a l s y 2 1 9- - s t n r c t r r r e e om c n t a l 1 9- - c r r n n l v i n n a r e a c ) 1 9
- m e n t a l i s 9 , 1 - 8 3 , 5 , 1 0 1 ,269
- m u s c u t i e n s o r i s y m p a n i 75- - - v e l ip a t a t i n i 7 5 , T 3- m u s c u t o c u t a n e u s 5 ,1 7 8 , 9 0 ,
- p a t a t i n u s l - i l a j o r 7 9 , 1 0 2 , 11 3 ,264, 68, 57
- - minores 113,261+,268,274,f57- p e c t o r a t i s a t e r a l i s 1 4 , T 2 4 ,
r26- - m e d i a l i s 4 7 , 2 1 4 , 2 2 6 , T 2 6- n a t r ^ c ' , < m r i n r l ' 1 1 l l 1
264-265, 27 , 27 , 27 8, 390,398-399, 57
- - m i n o r 4 1 , 1 0 1 , 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 2 7 1 ,2 7 5 , 2 7 8 , 3 9 8 , 5 7
- - p r o f u n d u s | , 1 0 1 , 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 ,27/+
- pharyngeus 68,274- phrenicus 25, 145-147, 49 ,
153-1 5 , 21 , 228, 7, 21- - a c c e s s o r i u s 53- pterygoideus atera t is 4 ,269, 4- - media l is 269,389,f4- p u d e n d u s 6- radiaLis 5, 170, 178, 04,
- - palsy 221- - s t T U c t u r e ,e g m e n t a [ 2 1- - supptying reas 221- saccuLar is 71, 393-395- sacra tes 4 , 26, 342,f22- spinales 26, 154-155, 14, 40,
31,2-344,349-350- - p a l s i e s 5 1- s p L a n c h n i c iu m b a t e s 7- - pelvici 27-28- - sacra les 27- splanchnicus a jor 26-27- - minor 27
- s t a p e d i u s 7 0- subctavius 5, 21 , 24 , 126- subcostaI is 6- s u b l i n g u a t i s 1 4 - 11 5- s u b s c a p u t a r i s 5 , 1 , n 2 , f 2 4 ,
T 2 6 , T 2 8- supracLavicu[ares 5, 81- - i n t e r m e d i i 4 2 - 1 4 3 , 2 1 7 , 2 2 5 ,
r7- - la tera tes 142-143,217,225,
2 2 9 - 2 3 1 , r 7- - m e d i a t e s 4 2 - 1 4 3 , 2 1 7 , 2 2 5 ,
- - e x i t o i n t s f h e c u t a n e o u sbranches 26 9
- t rochlear is lYl 25,67,265-267,276-27 9, 286, 293, 298 299, 301,337, 72-37 , 378, T55,T5 7
- t y m p a n i c u s 0 1 , 7 1 , 9 8 , 5 7- ulnar is 25, 170, 11, 14-215,217 219, 229 232-235, 238-241243-245, 247, 249, 252-256, 24,T31 T32,T36-T38
- - patsy 220- - s t ructure , egmenta[ 20- - supplying reas 22 0- utr icutar is 271, 93-395- u t r i c u t o a m p u L L a r i s9 3- v a g u s x ] 2 5 , 2 7 2 9 , 4 1 6 9 , 7 3 ,
- v e s t i b u t o c o c h L e a r i sV l l l ]2 5 , r 1 ,2 6 5 - 2 6 6 , 2 7 12 7 - 2 7 8 , 8 3 , 2 8 6 ,293, 99, 01, 09, 318, 37, 79,390,393-394, 97,399, 55, 57
Neu of i rae- a s s o c i a t i o n i s 0 6- commissurales 06- p r o j e c t i o n i s 0 7Neurohypophysis 79, 95N o d u L u s l - i j- {Cerebet tumJ 02-305- l y m p h o i d e i h a r y n g e a l e s 39N o d u s l - i j- t y m p h o i d e u s { - i lb d o m i n i s a r i -
e ta les 23- - - v i s c e r a l e s 2 3- - a x i t t a r i s ( - e s ) 3 , 2 2 4 , 2 2 9
- - - c e n t r a l e s 2 2 9- - - L a t e r a t e s 2 2 9- - - s u p e r f i c i a t e s 2 2 5- - b u c c i n a t o r i i6 , 1 5 0- - c a p i t i s 6- - cervicales nter iores 3 , 136,
22 9profundi 76,229< r r n a r f i r i a l o c ? ? 9
- - - f a t e r a l e s 3 , 7 6 - 7 7 , 2 2 9profundi nfer iores 77 ,150, 55,229
- s u p e r i o r e s 7 ,1 50 ,15 4
s u p e r f i c i a L e s 4 3 , 5 0 ,22 9
- - - m e d i a l e s T 6
lndex
Nodus[ Iym hoideusl cervi ales- - - p r o f u n d i T 6
infer iores 7super iores 7
- - - s u p e r f i c i a L e s T 6- - cervic is 76- - cubi ta les 22 4- - d p l t n n a e t n r a l a < ) 1 9
- - f a c i a t e s 6 , 1 5 0- - i n g u i n a L e s 3- - in tercosta tes 29- - j u g u t o d i g a s t r i c u s 5 0- - j u g u l o o m o h y o i d e u s 5 0- - m a s t o i d e i 6 , 1 5 0- - o c c i p i t a L e s6 , 1 5 0- - parot idei rofundi 77- - - c r r n o r f i r i a l p c 7 A 1 5 0
- - pectora les 29- - n o l v i < n : r i o t : l o c ? ?
- - - v i s c e r a t e s 2 3- - re t ropharyngeates 7- - s u b m a n d i b u t a r e s 8 ,7 6 ,11 0 ,
1 5 0
- - s u b m e n t a l e s 7 , 1 5 0- - subscapuLares 29- - thyroidei 77Nose- car t i lage 86- skete ton 6N u c [ e u s { - i ]- accessor ius ervioculomotor t t
274, 300-301 T57- a m b i g u u s 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 7- anter ior[ -es l ypothatami 95- - thalami 296,309- arcuat i 295- caudatus 294, 296, 98,
308-309, 313-3 1 7, 323, 326-329,331 335, 337-339
- centra t is o tumnae oster ior is396
- - l M e d u t t a p i n a t i s ) 4 8- c e n t r o m e d i a n u s 96- cerebet t i 05- c o c h L e a r i s ( - e s l0 1 , 9 6- - anter ior 397,T57- - p o s t e r i o r 0 0 , 3 9 7 , 5 7- cornus nter ior is musculorum
cotLi 96- corpor is enicula t i a tera[ is 29 6- - - m e d i a t i s 2 9 6- - m a m i l l a r i s 9 5- - trapezoidei 396-397- cuneatus 348,396-397- d e n t a t u s 0 5 , 2 9 , 3 8 , 3 5 0- dorsal is l -es l ypothalami 95- - n e r v i v a g i 0 0 - 3 0 1 , T 5 7- - thalami 29 6- d o r s o m e d i a L i s 9 5- embol i formis NucLeus nter-
posi tus nter ior- fas t ig i i30 5- gtobosus Nucleus nterposi tus
poste or- g r a c i t i s 4 8 , 3 9 6- intermediola tera l is 46- i n t e r p o s i t u s n t e r i o r 0 5- - poster ior 30 5- inters t i t ia t i s 97- Lemnisci a teraLis 96-397- L e n t i f o r m i s0 9 , 3 2 5- Lent is 66- m a r g i n a L i sM e d u t t a p i n a t i s l
316- m e d i a t e s 9 6- m e d i a n i 9 6- - thalami 309
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Nucteusl - i j Ol iva 273, 286,328-329,T57 )s(-sa l Pala tum 113,T5 7- m e s e n c e p h a t i c u s e r v i r i g e m i n i O p e r c u l u m t - a l 8 9 - m a n u s 1 7 1 - 1 7 2 - d u r u m 4 3 - 4 5 , 5 2 , 8 8 , 9 2 , 0 0 ,
3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , T 5 7 - f r o n t a L e 8 4 , 2 8 9 - m e t a c a r p i , 1 5 8 , 1 7 1 - 1 7 2 , 1 0 2- metathatami 96 - par ie ta te 84,289 174-176,203,210,246,249-250, - mol te 67,88,92, 00,102-103,-
m o t o r i u s e r v i r i g e m i n i-
t e m p o r a t e 8 4 2 5 7 1 3 6 , 1 3 9 , 1 5 6300-301, 57 Opt ic erve Nervus pt icus - - devetopment - osseum 93- n e r v i a b d u c e n t l s 0 0 - 3 0 1 , O r a s e r r a t a 6 2 - 3 6 5 - - p o L l i c i s 7 5 P a t m a 5 , 1 5 7 , 2 4 3 - 2 4 5
396-397,f57 oral 93-94 - metatars i 6 - cutaneous nnervat ion, egmen-- - a c c e s s o r i i 0 0 - 3 0 1 , T 5 7 O r a l c a v i t y 2 , 1 0 2 - 1 0 3 - - d e v e l o p m e n t t a t 2 5 1- - fac ia l is 270, 00-301, 57 Orbiculus i t iar is 362, 65 - nasale 34-36, 8 , 45-46, +8, Palmar aponeurosis Aponeuro-- - h y p o g t o s s i 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 7 O r b i t O r b i t a 5 0 - 5 1 , 1 - - 5 5 , 8 6 , 8 8 , 3 6 , s i s p a l m a r i s- - o c u t o m o t o r i i 0 0 - 3 0 1 , O r b i t a 3 - 5 5 , 9 0 - 9 1 , 0 0 , 3 5 3 , 3 5 3 - 3 5 4 p a l m a r i s
396-397,f57 372-375,377-378 - naviculare , evetopment Patpebral -ael 52,354-355- - t r i g e m i n i 4 8 - a r t e r i e s 7 6 - o c c i p i t a t e 6 - L 0 , 4 2 , / ' 6 - 4 7 , 5 1 , - i n f e r i o r 5 2 , 3 5 6 , 3 6 9 , 3 7 8- - t r o c h t e a r i s 0 0 - 3 0 1 , - f r o n t a l s e c t i o n 7 8 5 7 , 1 2 1 , 1 3 6 , 2 6 1 * -2 6 5 , 3 1 0 , 3 11 4 , s u p e r i o r 5 2 , 3 5 6 , 3 6 9 , 3 7 8
396-397,f57 - MRI 369 382,400 Pats ies- o f B E C H T E R E W9 7 - v e i n s 376 - p a l a t i n u m 8 , + 2 , 4 7 , 4 9 - 5 5 ,3 , - h e m i p t e g i aB R O W N - S E Q U A R D ]- of DEITERS97 - ver t ica l ec t ion 378 264, 53-354, 88 351- ot ivar is ( -es l 96 Organ fcoRTl Organum pira te - par ie ta le 34-40,42,1 '6-47,55, - median erve 219- - i n f e r i o r 0 9 , 3 9 7 O r g a n u m l - a l 2 6 1 , 2 6 1 - 2 6 5 - N e r v i p i n a t e s 5 1- - s u p e r l o r 9 7 - g e n i t a l i ae m i n i n a x t e r n a 5 - p i s r f o r m e 7 1 - 1 7 3 , 1 7 6 , 2 0 7 , - p a r a p l e g i a , o m p l e t e 5 1- parafascicutar is 96 - - - in terna 15 209,244,249 - radia l nerve 221- p a r a v e n t r i c u l a r e s 9 5 - - m a s c u l i n a e x t e r n a 5 - - d e v e t o p m e n t - t r a c t s o f t h e p o s t e r i o r f u n i c u t u s- p o n t i n u s e r v i r i g e m i n i - - - i n t e r n a 15 - s a c r u m 6 , 3 4 2 3 5 1
300-301 - spira te 394,157 - scaphoideum 71-174,176-177, Pancreas 1+,6- p o n t i s 3 5 0 - u r i n a r i a 5 2 0 5 P a n n i c u l u s a d i p os u s 1- poster ior ypothatami 95-296 Orienta t ion ines - - devel .opment Papi l la l -ae)- p r e o p t i c i 9 5 - h u m a n o d y 1 - s e s a m o i d e a M a n u s l 7 1 - 1 7 3 , - c o n i c a e 0 3- propr ius CoLumna oster ior) 46 - of he human body 1 175-176 - ductus parot idei 112- pulvinares 96 Origins nd nser t ions f muscles - sphenoidaLe 1+,38,40,42, - f l i formes 103- r e t i c u t a r e s 9 6 - h a n d 2 0 5 4 6 - 4 1 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 5 3 - 5 7 , 6 2 , 1 3 6 , - f o l i a t a e 0 3 , 1 0 7 - 1 0 8- r u b e r 2 7 6 , 2 9 5 , 2 9 7 , 3 0 1 , 3 28 , - u p p e r t i m b 1 8 6 - 1 8 7 , 1 9 2 , 1 9 8 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 2 7 9 , 3 5 3 - 3 5 4 , 3 5 6 , 3 5 8 , f u n g i f o r m e s 03
3 3 5 - 3 3 6 , 5 0 O r i g o 3 6 0 - 3 6 1 , 7 7 , 3 8 8 - i n c i s i v a 2- s a t i v a t o r i u sn f e r i o r 7 5 , - m u s c t e s 1 - s u r u r a L r a 7 - l a c r i m a t i s 5 7
3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , T 5 7 - s c a p u l a r i s { M a t i s s i m u s d o r s i l - t a r s i 6 - - i n f e r i o r 3 5 2- - s u p e r i o r 7 4 - 2 7 5 , 3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 1 8 7 - t e m p o r a t e 4 , 3 7 - 3 8 , 4 0 , 4 2 , 4 4 , - - s u p e r i o r 5 2
T57 Oropharynx 39 46-1+7,53-55,58-59,62,65-66, - mammaria 224,227- s e n s o r i u s r i n c i p a l i s e r v i O s l - s a ) 5 4 1 4 0 , 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 3 7 9 - 38 0 , 3 8 2 , - v a t t a t a e 0 3 , 0 7 , 1 3 , 3 0 , 3 9
t r i g e m i n i 0 0 - c a p i t a t u m 7 1 - 1 7 4 , 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , 3 8 8 - 3 8 9 , 9 3 , 9 9 - 4 0 0 P a r a n a s a l i n u s e s 8 - 9 ' 1- s o t i t a r i u s 0 0 - 3 0 1 , T 5 7 2 11 , 2 5 0 , 2 5 6 - t r a p e z i u m 7 1 - 1 7 2 , 1 7 4 , P a r a p h a r y n g e a l s p ac e 4 0 - 1 4 1- s p i n a L i s n e r v i t r i g e m i n i - - d e v e L o p m e n t 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , 2 1 0 - 2 11, 2 5 6 P a r a p l e g i a , c o m p l et e 5 1
300-301, 57-
carpi 6 , 158,172- -
devetopment Parasympathet ic ervous ys tem- - - v a g i T57 - c o c c y g i s , 3 1 , 2 - t r a p e z o i d e u m 7 1 - 1 7 4 , 2 7- s u b t h a l a m i c u s 0 9 , 3 5 0 - c o x a e 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , 2 11 , 2 5 6 P a r i e s- s u p r a c h i a s m a t i c u s 2 9 5 - - d e v e t o p m e n t - - d e v e t o p m e n t - c a r o t i c u s 3 8 5- s u p r a o p t i c u s 9 5 - c r a n i i3 4 - 3 8 , 4 6 - t r i q u e t r u m 7 1 - 1 7 4 , 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , - e x t e r n u s 9 4- t e g m e n t a t e s 95 - c u b o i d e u m , e v e t o p m e n t 2 5 6 - i n f e r i o r 0 , 3 6 1- t h a t a m i 0 9 - c u n e i f o r m en t e r m e d i u m , e v e l - - - d e v e t o p m e n t - j u g u t a r i s 85- t h o r a c i c u s p o s t e r i o r 4 6 , 3 4 9 o p m e n t - z y g o m a t l c u m 1 + , 4 2 , 4 6 , 5 3 - 5 4 , - l a b y r i n t h i c u s 8 5 - 3 8 6- t u b e r a l e s 9 5 - - [ a t e r a [ , d e v e l o p m e n t 6 3 , 6 6 , 9 1 , 2 6 4 , 3 5 3 - 3 5 4 , 3 6 0 , - L a t e r a t i s 5 3 , 3 6 1- ventra l is l -esJ 96,309 - - media t , evetopment 378 - mastoideus 85-386- - a n t e r i o r 9 6 - d i g i t o r u m M a n u s l , 1 5 8 , 1 7 2 O s s e o u s j o i n t - m e d i a t i s 5 3 , 3 6 1- - in termedius 96 - - - development Ossicuta udi tus 379, 84, 00 - membranaceus Cavi tas ympa-- - posterola tera t is 96 - - (Pes l 6 Ossi f ica t ion entres ni l 385, 87- - n ^ c r A r ^ m A . f i r l i c ? a A - _ _ d e v e l o p m e n t S _ u p p e r / l o w e r l i m b 8 _ - l T r a c h e a ) 2 4 , 1 2 6 _ 1 2 7 , 1 2 9 ,- ventromedial is ypothalami 95 - ethmoidate 4-35, 8 , 40, 48, Ost ium 133,141- v e s t i b u t a r i s l - e s i 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 5 3 - 5 5 , 6 2 , 8 7 , 9 0 , 2 6 5 , - p h a r y n g e u m t u b a e a u d i t i v a e 8 , - p o s t e r i o r I M e a t u s a c u s t i c u s e x -
396-397 353, 78 136,139,11+1 ternusl 382- - i n f e r i o r 0 0 , 3 9 7 , T 5 7 - f r o n t a t e 4 - 3 6 , 3 8 - 1 ' 0 , L 2 , - t y m p a n i c u m t u b a e a u d i t i v a e - s u p e r i o r 6 1- - la tera l is 300, 97,T57 45-48, 50-51, 4-55, 8 , 385-387 - tegmentat is 85- - m e d i a L i s 0 0 , 9 7 , 5 7 2 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 3 5 3 , 3 5 6 , 5 8 , 3 6 0 , 3 7 8 O v a [ u n d t e f F L E c H S I G F a s c i c u - - t y m p a n i c u s 94- - s u p e r i o r 0 0 , 3 9 7 , 5 7 - h a m a t u m 1 7 1 - 1 7 4 , 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , l u s s e p t o m a r g i n a l i s - v e s t i b u l a r r s 9 4
2 11 , 2 5 6 O v a r i e s 5 , 3 0 P a r o t i d l a n d . G l a n d u t a a r o t i d e a- - d e v e t o p m e n t S P a r s
0 - h y o i d e u m 5 , 6 7 , 7 3 , 9 2 , 1 0 0 , - a b d o m i n a l i s o r t a e 1 8 - 1 9 , 2 2 ,1 0 4 - 1 0 9 , 1 1 1 , 1 1 3 - 1 1 5 , 1 1 8 , 1 2 0 , P 2 7
Oath and, median erve patsy 219 123-121 ' ,126-127,129-130, - - lDuctus horacicusl 3O b e x 2 9 9 , 3 4 2 1 3 2 - 1 3 4 , 1 3 6 - 1 3 9 , 1 , 1 , 1 / + 9 , 1 5 1 , A C C H l O N l a nr a n u l a t i o n s G r a n - - - l M p e c t o r a t i s a j o r J 7 9 , f 2 6O c c i p i t a t o n e 0 s o c c i p i t a l e 1 5 6 u l a t i o n e s r a c h n o i d e a e - a c r o m i a l i s 6 5 , 8 8 , 2 6 - 2 2 7 ,t - lcc iput 6 - Incae 37 Pain pathways sensibi l i ty, ro to- T2 70cutus l - i l 352 - incis ivum 47, 52 pathic - a lveolar is 0O e s o p h a g u s 4 , 1 6 , 1 3 3 , 1 3 6 - 1 3 8 , - i n t e r p a r i e t a l e 7 P a l a t e 13 - a n t e r i o r C o m m i s s u r a n t e r i o r l
1 4 0 - 1 4 1 , 1 5 5 - l a c r i m a t e 4 - 3 5 , 5 0 - 5 1 , 5 3 - 5 5 , - h a r d 5 2 , 1 0 2 2 9 3 , 3 0 6O t e c r a n o n 5 7 , 1 6 6 , 1 6 8 - 1 7 0 , 353 - m u s c t e s 3 - - ( D o r s u m ingu ae l 1 3
1 7 8 - 1 7 9 , 1 8 5 , 1 9 1 , 2 0 0 - 2 0 2 , 2 3 1 , l o n g a 7 - o s s e o u s 3 - - t l i g c o l l a t e r a l e l n a r e ] 6 82 3 4 , 2 3 6 , 2 4 0 - 2 4 1 - l u n a t u m 1 7 1 - 1 7 4 , 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , 2 5 0 - s o f t 1 0 2 - - l l o b u s q u a d r a n g u l a r i s a n t e r i -
Olfactory athway T57 - - devetopment Pata t ine one 0s pala t inum or] 303
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Pars- a r y e p i g t o t t i c a 2 6 - 1 2 7 , 6- a s c e n d e n s o r t a e 1 8 - 1 9 , 2 7 ,
119,344- at lant rca 52- b u c c o p h a r y n g e a 3 7 - 1 3 8 , 5- caeca e t inae 36 3- c a n a t i s 6 9- car t iLagineaTuba udi t ival 89- cavernosa 258-259, 277 279,
2 9 5 , 3 9 0- centra[ is Ventr iculus atera t is l
294, 09 31 1, 31 -31 , 325327 329,33 1 332, 33 7
- c e r a t o p h a r y n g e a 0 7 - 1 0 8 ,1 7-1 8 , T5
- cerebrat is 59, 77 279, 295,319,369
- cervicat is A carot is nternal259
- - (Columna er tebrat is l- - (Ductus horacicusl 3 ,229- - [ M e d u L t ap i n a L i s )L 2 , 3 4 5-
c h o n d r o p h a r y n g e a 0 7 - 1 0 8 ,11 3 , 3 7 - 1 3 8 , 5- c i I i a r i se t i n a e 6 2 - 3 6 3 , 3 6 5- c l a v i c u t a r i sM d e t t o i d e u s l 65 ,
188, 26, 27- - lM p e c t o r a t i s a j o r ) 11 8 ,
145-146, 78, 86-187 226,T2 6
- c o m p a c t a S u b s t a n t i a i g r a ]2 9 7 30 9
- c r i c o p h a r y n g e a 3 7 - 1 3 8 , 5- c u p u [ a r i s 8 2 , 8 5- d e s c e n d e n s o r t a e 1 , 141 34 4- dis taI is AdenohypophysisJ 79- d u r a l i s 3 42- f t a c c i d a 8 2- q l o s s o p h a r y n g e a 0 7 - 1 0 8 ,
1 7- 1 8 , T5- i n f e r i o rN v e s t i b u t o c o c h t e a r i s l
27 1- infraclavicular is 46-1 '7 ,
21 -21 , 227 228, T28,T30-T36- i n s u [ a r i s 1 8 - 3 1 9 , 2 6- i n t e r c a r t i [ a g i n e a2 8 , 3 1- i n t e r m e d i a A d e n o h y p o p h y s i s l
2 79- i n t e r m e m b r a n a c e a 2 8 , 3 1- int racrania t is A, er tebraI is ]
152- - { N o p t i c u s l 69- i n t r a L a m i n a r i s6 8- i r id ica e t inae 363-365- L a b i a L i s0 ,1 3 7 , 5 6 , r 1- [ a r y n g e a h a r y n g i s 4 , 1 3 9 , 3 2 4- la tera[ is 0s occipi ta te l 6-47,
5 7- [ i b e r a F o r n i x J 9 2 , 3 2 7
- - membri nfer ior is 6- - - s u p e r i o r i s , 1 5 8- [umbat is Cotumna er tebral is ]
6- - {Medut ta pina[ is ]342,345- m a r g i n a L i s 0 , 3 5 3 - 3 5 4 , 1- m y l o p h a r y n g e a 3 7 - 1 3 8 , 5- nasaLis 0s ronta[e] 8- - p h a r y n g i s 4 , 1 3 9 , 3 2 / 1- nervosa 36 8- o b t i q u a 2 6 , 1 3 7 , f 6- o p e r c u t a r i s 8 9- opt ica e t inae 362-363,365,368- orat is haryngis 14, 139,32/+- o r b i t a L i sG [ a n d u t aa c r i m a t i s J
Pars orbitalis- - [ M o r b i c u l a r i s c u t i ]7 0 - 7 2 ,
3 5 4 , 1- - l N o p t i c u s ) 6 9- - IOs ronta[e) 4, 45,48,54,353- ossea ubae audi t ivae 89- p a t p e b r a I i sG t a n d u t a a c r i m a [ i s ]
35 6- - {M o r b i c u t a r i s o c u t i l 0 - 7 2 ,
354-355, 1- parasympathica 7-29- par ie ta t is Stra tum ynovia[e) 1- p a t e n s 1 9- petrosa A carot is nternal 259,
- p o s t c o m m u n i c a l i sA c e r e b r ranter ior l 277 27 8, 31 320, 32 6
- - [A cerebr i os ter ior l 278,3 1 8 - 3 1 9
- p o s t e r i o r C o m m i s s u r a n t e r i o r l
293,306- - [ D o r s u m i n g u a e ) 0 3 , 41- - tLig . ot ta teraLe Lnarel 68- n a c t l : m i n : r i c l A R
- p r e c o m m u n i c a t i sA c e r e b r i n -ter ior i 278, 18-319, 26
- - [A cerebr i os ter ior l 278,318-319,327
- p r e [ a m i n a r i s 68- prever tebraI is 46-1 7 , 15 2- profunda M masseter] 68, 73 ,
r4- pterygopharyngea37-138,5- r e c t a 1 2 6 , 3 7 , 6- re t icu[ar is 97- sacra t is 34 5- sphenoidat is 94, 18-319- s p i n a t i s M d e t t o i d e u s J 6 5 ,
188,r27- squamosa 38, 40, 6-47, 5L-55,
58-59, 80- s ternocostaLis 20, 26, 26- s u p e r f i c i a t i sG [ a n d u [ a
p a r o t i d e a l 09- - lM masseter) 64,68-69,73,
r4- super ior N vest ibutocochtear is )
2 7 1- supraclavicutar is 18, 1 4,
1 9- 1 0 , 21 1-215, 28, 17 I 18- supratarsa l is 52- sympathica 7-29- iarsa t is 35 2- tecta Fornixj 292-293,327- tendinea Stra tum ynoviate) 1- tensa 38 2- thoracica of tae 18-19,22,27,
27 2- - { C o t u m n a e r t e b r a t i s l- - ( D u c t u s t h o r a c i c u s ) 3- - (Medut ta pinaI is ) 1+2,345- t h y r o e p i g t o t t i c a2 6 - 1 2 7 , 6- t h y r o p h a r y n g e a 0 8 , 3 3 ,
1 7-1 8, T5- t r a n s v e r s a r i a 5 2 - 1 5 3- t r i a n g u [ a r i s 8 9- tuberal is AdenohypophysisJ 79- t y m p a n i c a 7 ,5 8 , 3 8 0PateLLa- devetopmentPatel[ar eflex 346Pathways- afferent 347-349- efferent 347.350
P e d u n c u t u s [ - i l- cerebeffar is nfer ior 276,
298-299,319- - m e d i u s 2 7 0 - 2 7 1 , 2 7 6 ,
- f toccut i 298,304Petvis 2, 6- r e n a l i s 15P e n i s 5P e r i c r a n i u m 2 - 7 3P e r i o d o n t i u m 4Per iorbi ta 58, 60, 369, 78P e r i o s t e u m , 1 5 4 , 2 5 7Pes 2-3- h i p p o c a m p i 9 3 , 0 9 , 1 4 - 3 1 5 ,
33 6P e t i o t u s p i g t o t t i d i s 2 2 - 1 2 4
Pha a x[ ges l- d i s t a t i s [ - e s ]M a n u s j 1 , 1 5 8 ,1 7 1 1 7 2 , 7 5 - 1 7 , 2 5 0
- m e d i a l - a e )M a n u s l 1 , 1 5 8 ,171-172,175-176,250
- p r o x i m a [ i s l - e s ]M a n u s l 1 5 8 ,17 172, 175-17 , 249 25 0
PharyngeaL onstr ic tors nd eva-tors s pharyngeaI usctes
PharyngeaI uscles T5Pharynx 1 , 124, 36, 39 1 41, 57- i n n e r v a t i o n ,e n s i b l e 3 9- m u s c t e s 3 8 , 5PHILIPPE-G0MBAULT,r iangte f
31 7Pia mater- crania t is 261, 78, 83- s p i n a L i s 4 5P I P p r o x i m a tn t e r p h a [ a n g e a Io i n t l
17 5Pi tui tary Land HypophysisPlacenta 2P [ a n e s- h u m a n o d y 1- o f h e h u m a n o d y 1Planta 5PLantar poneurosis Aponeuro-
s is ptantar isPLantar ef tex 34 6p [ a n t a r i sP L a n u m- fronta te Art icuta t ro oxaeJ 0- m e d i a n u m 6 0- sagi t ta[e Art icuta t io oxae] 10- s c a p u t a r e 6 0- t ransversum Art coxael 10Platysma 67 68, 70-71, 0 ,
1 0 9 - 1 , 1 1 - 11 7 , 1 9 , 3 7 ,142-143, 46, 54, r1P l a r r r : n e r i e t : l i c 1 5 1 ?
Ptexu- a o r t i c u s b d o m i n a t i s 7- bas i lar is 262-263, 9 +-295- brachiaLis 4-25, 118, 1 3-1 7 ,
- - - ter t i i 276,294-295,302,3 11 , 3 1 - 3 1 73 2 0 ,327 328,337
- c o c c y g e u s 4 , 2 6 , T 4 0- c o e [ i a c u s 7- denta t is nfer ior 85, 101,269- - s u p e r i o r 0 1- hypogast r icus nfer ior 27- - s u p e r i o r 7
i ^ + - ^ ^ - - ^ + : t^ , , - o l, , , ( o P o , w u u q u r e '
- [ u m b a t i s 4 , 2 6
- [umbosacraLis 6- lymphat icus x i t tar is 22 4- mesentericus nferior 27- - s u p e r i o r 7- oesophageus 7,272- o p h t h a t m i c u s 57- pharyngeus N gLossopharyn-
geusl T3- - (N vagusl T8- pterygoideus 5, 85, 26 0- p u l m o n a l i s N v a g u s l 2 7 2- renat is 27- sacralis 24,26- t h y r o i d e u sm p a r 1 33 , 4 9- t y m p a n i c u s 7 1 , 2 7 5 , 3 9 8 , 5 7- v a s a L i s e r m a t i s 1- - e p i f a s c i a I i s 1- - s u b c u t a n e u s 1- - s u b d e r m a t i s 1- venosus anal is ervi hypogtoss i
1 , 1 , 2 6 4 - 2 6 5- - c a r o t i c u s i n t e r n u s 1 ,
261+-265,278,389- - f o r a m i n i s v a t i s 1 ,2 6 0 ,
263-265,278,389- - p h a r y n g e u s 3 1- - v e r t e b r a t i sn t e r n u s 1 ,1 5 4 ,
264-265Pt i a ae l- aryepigLot t ica 28, 39, 41- a x i l t a r i s n t e r i o r 1 57- - poster ior 15 7- ci t iares 36 5- f imbria ta 104, 08, 112, 11,- g t o s s o e p i g t o t t i c aa t e r a l i s ' 1 0 3- - m e d i a n a 0 3- i r id is 364-365
- l a c r i m a L i s 5 7- mat tear is n ter ior 382, 385, 87- - posterior 382,387- n e r v i a r y n g e i u p e r i o r i s 3 9 ,
1 / + 1- p a t a t i n a e t r a n s v e r s a e 02- petroc[ inoidea nter ior
2 7 6 - 2 7 7 , r 5 7- - poster ior T5 7- pharyngoepigtot t ica 39- s a t p i n g o p a t a t i n a 3 6 , 3 9- s a L p i n g o p h a r y n g e a0 3 , 3 6 ,
139, 41- semitunar is onjunct ivae 52,
3 5 7- s u b I n g u a t i s 1 2 , 11 4- t r i a n g u t a r i s 0 3
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Plica(-ael Processusl-usl Radio-ulnar oint Ramus(-i) nterior- v e s t i b u l a r i s 2 7 - 1 2 9 , 1 3 1 , 1 3 3 , - t e m p o r a t i s 6 - p r o x i m a t s A r t i c u l a t i o r a d i o u l - - - [ N a u r i c u l a r i s m a g n u s ) 42
136 - t ransversus 21,153 nar is proximat is - - [N cervicat is ) 45-146- v o c a L i s 2 7 - 1 2 9 , 1 3 1 , 1 3 3 , 1 3 6 - u n c i n a t u s ( O s e t h m o i d a L e J1 R a d i u s , 1 5 8 , 1 6 7 - 1 7 0 , 1 7 2 - 1 74 , - - [ N c u t a n e u s a n t e b r a c h i i
P o i n t o f C A N N O N - B O H M57-
v a g i n a t i s { 0 s s p h e n o i d a l e )6 1 7 6 - 1 7 7 , 1 7 9 , 1 9 7 , 2 0 0 - 2 0 4 , 2 0 7 , m e d i a l i s ] 11 , 2 3 0 , 2 3 6Pot tex 157,171 - vocal is 122,121-125,131 210,250,254-256 - - (Sulcus atera l is l 28 9Potus - zygomat icus Maxi t ta l42,48,52, - development - ascendens SuLcus atera t is ] 89- a n t e r i o r B u t b u s c u l i l3 6 2 55 - l l e n s l 3 o o - a u r l c u l a r i sN v a g u s ) 3 - 8 5 ,- - { L e n s f3 6 2 , 3 6 L , 3 6 6 - - f O s f r o n t a l e l 4 , 4 8 - 1 ' 9 , 3 5 3 , R a d i x ( - c e s ] 11 + 0 , 2 6 4 , 2 7 2 , 3 9 8- f r o n t a l i s 8 5 - 2 8 9 , 2 9 2 , 3 1 2 , 3 6 0 - a n t e r i o r N s p i n a l i s ) 5 , 2 9 9 , - b r o n c h i a l e sN v a g u s l 2 7 2
3 3 3 - 3 3 4 - - [ O s t e m p o r a l e ) , 2 , 5 8 - 5 9 , 6 2 , 3 L 1 , 3 5 0 - b u c c a t e s 8 , 8 0 , 11 6 , 2 7 0- occipi ta l i s 85-289,292,312, 66 - ct in ica 94 - calcar inus 70
333-334 Project ion reas - crania tes 73,299,f57 - cardiaci ervicates nfer iores- p o s t e r i o r B u L b u s c u t i l362 - a u d i t i o n 9 1 - d e n t i s 9 4 2 7 2- - l l e n s l 3 6 2 , 3 6 6 - m o t o r i c i t y 9 1 - f a c i a l i s l N a n a l i s p t e r y g o i d ei ) - - - s u p e r i o r e s 3 3 , 1 4 0 - 1 4 1 ,- temporal is 284,286-287,289, - sensory ys tem 291 398 1/+7,272
314,326 - vis ion 291 - infer ior Ansa ervical is ] 5 , - - thoracic i N vagusl 272Polysynapt ic ef lex 346 Project ion racts 307 145,273 - carpal is orsa l is A radia l is lP o n s 2 5 , 2 7 , 2 6 7 - 2 6 8 , 2 1 0 - 2 7 2 , P r o m i n e n t i a - l a t e r a l i s N m e d i a n u s ] 1 5 2 4 6 , 2 4 8
254,286,293-295,297,299, - canal is facia l is 86 - - (Tractusopt icus l 70 - - - (A utnar is l 223,238-239,3 0 1 - 3 0 2 , 3 0 7 , 3 1 0 , 3 2 0 , 3 2 4 - 3 2 5 , - s e m i c i r c u L a r i sa t e r a t i s 8 6 - [ i n g u a e 0 3 - 1 0 4 , 0 7 , 111 , 11 3 , 2 4 2 , 2 4 8327-328,337-338,342,3/ '4 ,T57 - laryngea 122,132,148 129-130,139 - - palmaris A radia t is l 223,
P o r u s - m a t t e a r i s 8 2 - m e d i a l i s N m e d i a n u s l 1 5 2 4 2 , 2 L 5- a c u s t i c u s e x t e r n u s 5 , 4 3 , - s p i r a t i s 9 4 - - l Tr a c t u s o p t i c u s ) 70 - - - (A u l n a r i s l 2 3 , 2 4 2 , 2 4 5
6 2 - 6 3 , 1 3 7 , 3 8 2 , 0 0 P r o m o n t o r i u m C a v i t a sy m p a n i l - m o t o r i a a n t e r i o r N s p i n a t i s ) - c h i a s m a t i c u s 1 9- - i n t e r n u s 8 , 4 0 , 5 9 , 6 5 , 2 7 8 , 3 8 5 - 3 8 7 , 3 9 8 - - lN t r i g e m i n u s l 0 1 , 6 8 , 2 7 7 , - c h o r o i d e u s o s t e r i o r 21
390,400, 57 Pronat io Art icula t io ubi t i ]T23 286,299 - clavicutar is A thoracoacromi-Poster ior uniculus , a tsy f he Prosencephalon 84 - nervoTum ervical ium 41 a t is l 226
351 Prosta ta 15 - - coccygeorum 41 - coel iac i N vagusl 272P r e c u n e u s 9 0 , 3 2 9 , 3 3 1 - 3 3 2 P r o t u b e r a n t i a - - l u m b a l i u m 4 1 - c o t t i8 1 , 11 0 , 1 4 3 - 1 4 4 , 2 7 0P r o c e s s u s l - u s j - m e n t a t i s 5 . 6 0 . 1 0 6 - - s a c r a l i u m 4 1 - c o m m u n i c a n s [ - t e s j 4 2- a L v e o t a r i sM a x i t l a l 4 , 4 9 , - o c c i p i t a t i sx t e r n a 7 - 3 8 , 4 2 - - t h o r a c i c o r u m 4 1 - - c u m g a n g t i o i l i a r i 2 6 8
5 4 - 5 5 , 9 3 - - i n t e r n a 0 , 5 7 - p a r a s y m p a t h i c aG a n g l i o n i l - - - c u m n e r v o a c i a t i 7 7- a n t e r i o r l M a t t e u s l 8 3 - 3 8 4 p r o x i m a l i s i a r e ) 2 6 7 , 2 7 4 , 3 7 4 - - c u m n e r v o g t o s s o p h a r y n g e o- c i l i a r e s 6 3 - 3 6 5 P t e r y g o p a l a t i n eo s s a 53 - - lGang l i on t i c u m ]2 7 5 2 1 0 , 2 7 2- c l i n o i d e u s n t e r i o r 0 , 4 5 , P u t m o 1 6 - 1 7 - - lGang l i on t e r y g o p a l a t i n u m ] - - c u m n e T v o a c r i m a t i 6 8
56-57,278-279 - dexter 14 274 - - cum nervo utnar i 215,244- - m e d i u s 5 7 , 2 7 9 - s i n i s t e r 4 - - I G a n g l i o n s u b m a n d i b u t a r e l - - c u m n e T v o v a g o 7 0- - p o s t e r i o r 0 , 4 5 , 5 6 - 5 7 , 2 7 8 P u t p a 2 7 5 - - c u m n e r v o z y g o m a t i c o 68 ,- c o c h l e a r i f o r m i s 8 5 - 3 8 7 , 3 9 8 - c o r o n a l i s 4 - - lN t r i g e m i n u s l 0 1 3 5 6 , 3 7 7 , f 5 7- c o n d y t a r i s 0 - 6 2 , 6 5 , 8 3 , 9 1 , - d e n t i s 9 4 - p o s t e r i o r l N p i n a l i s l 6 , 2 9 9 , - - c u m p l e x u t y m p a n i c o 70
100, 109-
radicular is 4 342-343,31,5- -
cum ramo auricular i ervi- coracoideus 60,162-165, Putvinar thatami 96-299,322,329 - sensor ia Gangl ion i l iare l274, vagi 2711 8 3 - 1 8 4 , 1 8 9 P u n c t u m ( - a l 3 7 4 - - [ N s p i n a l i s l 6
- c o r o n o r d e u s l N 4 a n d r b u t a l0 - 6 3 , - l a c r i m a l i a 5 2 , 3 5 7 - - l G a n g l r o n o t i c u m ]75 - - ( Tr u n c u s s y m p a t h i c u s l 7 .65, 83, 91 - nervosum T7 - - [Gangl ion terygopala t inuml 14 7
- - l U t n a l 1 6 6 , 1 6 8 - 1 7 0 P u p i t t a 5 2 , 3 5 9 , 3 6 3 - 3 6 5 2 7 1 - - u L n a r i s 1 7- ethmoidal is 1 Putamen 294,308-309,326-328, - - fGangl ion ubmandibutare l - cr icothyroideusA thyroidea u-- f r o n t a t i s M a x i t t a l 4 , 4 6 , 4 9 - 5 0 , 3 3 2 - 3 3 5 , 3 8 - 3 3 9 2 7 5 p e r i o r l 1 36
8 6 , 5 3 , 5 6 - 3 5 7 P y r a m i d r a c t 3 0 7 , 0 9 , 5 0 - - lN t r i g e m i n u s J 1 , 2 6 7 - 2 6 8 , - - (V h y r o i d e a u p e r i o r l 36- - [ O s y g o m a t i c u m ] 1 , 3 5 3 P y r a m i s 2 7 7 , 2 8 6 , 2 9 9 , 3 7 4 - c u t a n e u s ( - i lA c i r c u m f l e x a- i n t r a j u g u [ a r i s0 s o c c i p i t a [ e J 7 - m e d u I t a e b [ o n g a t a e 6 7 , 2 8 6 , - s p i n a l e s 6 4 - 2 6 5 , 2 7 3 , 2 7 6 , 2 9 9, h u m e r i o s t e r i o r ) 3 1- - l O s t e m p o r a l e ] 9 2 9 9 , 3 0 7 , T 5 7 3 0 1 , T 5 7 - - a n t e r i o r e s ( N n h o r a c i c i l 6- jugutar is 40. 57 - vermis 302-30L - super ior Ansa ervical is l 5 , - - - pectora les N intercosta l is l- l a t e r a t i s l M a l l e u s l 8 3 - 3 8 4 , 3 8 7 11 , 4 - 1 4 5 , 1 4 7 - 1 4 9 , 2 7 3 , 1 7 1 4 8 , 2 1 7 , 2 2 5 , 2 2 8- l e n t i c u t a r i s 8 3 , 8 7 - s y m p a t h i c aG a n g t i o n i t i a r e l - - l a t e r a l e s N n t h o r a c i c i ] 5 ,- mastoideus 7 ,42-44,58-59, Q 274,374 340
6 3 , 1 0 5 , 1 0 9 , 1 2 1 , 1 3 7 . 1 4 0 - 1 4 1 , - - l G a n g t i o n o t i c u m j 75 - - - p e c t o r a l e s { N n t e r c o s t a l i s l3 7 9 - 3 8 0 , 8 6 , 9 9 Q u a d r a n g u l a r p a c e 1 8 3 , 8 9 , - - f G a n g l i o n t e r y g o p a l a t i n u m l 2 1 7 , 2 2 5 , 2 2 7 - 2 2 8
- m u s c u l a r i s 2 2 , 1 2 5 1 9 1 2 7 4 - - p o s t e r i o r e s { N n h o r a c i c i ]- o r b i t a t i s 3 , 5 , 53 - - lGang l i on u b m a n d i b u l a r e ) 2 1 7- pata t inus 8,42, '7 ,L9-52,54, 275 - - lV circumflexa umeri poste-
8 7 , 9 0 , 9 3 R - - [ N t r i g e m i n u s l 0 1 r i o r l 2 3 1- poster ior Car t i lago ept i nas i ) - - lPtexus arot icus nternusl - del to ideus A.profunda rachi i l
87 radia l is 1 267 234- pterygoideus 8,42,47,50-53, Radia t io t -nes l Ramus(- i l - - [A thoracoacromial is ) 1+/+,226
55-56,62,92, 37, 53,388 - acust ica 296,307-308,397 - acromiat is A thoracoacromi- - dentaLes A atveotar is uper ior- p y r a m i d a t i s 2 , 5 2 - 5 3 , 9 3 , 3 5 3 - c o r p o r i s a t t o s i 0 9 , 3 2 6 , 3 3 0 a l i s l 1 4 7 , 2 6 , 2 2 8 p o s t e r i o r ) 3- s p i n o s u s 5 ,1 3 5 , 5 4 - 1 5 5 - o p t i c a 2 9 6 , 3 0 7 - 3 0 8 , 3 3 - 3 3 5 , - a l v e o l a r e s u p e r i o r e s n t e r i o r e s - d i g a s t r i c u s 2 , 8 1 + , 3 9 9 , T 9- s t y f o i d e u s [ O s m e t a c a r p i l7 1 3 7 0 - 3 7 1 1 0 1 - d o r s a l i s [ N l n a r i s ] 1 5 , 2 1 7 ,- - l O s t e m p o r a t e l 5 , 3 7 - 3 8 , 4 2 , - t h a l a m i 2 9 6 - - - m e d i i 1 0 1 2 3 6 , 2 3 8 - 2 3 9 , 2 4 1 , 2 4 7 , 2 5 6
5 8 - 5 9 , 6 2 - 6 3 , 6 9 , 7 3 , 9 2 , 1 0 5 , - a n t e r i o r e s 2 9 6 , 3 0 8 - - - p o s t e r i o r e s 3 3 - 8 4 , - e x t e r n u s ( N c c e s s o r i u s l1 0 8 - 1 0 9 , 11 9 , 1 3 7 - 1 4 0 , - - c e n t r a l e s 9 6 , 3 0 7 - 3 0 8 1 0 1 - 1 0 2 1 4 0 - 1 4 1 , 2 7 33 7 9 - 3 8 0 , 3 8 6 - - p o s t e r i o r e s 96 - a n t e r i o r l A o [ a t e r a t i s a d i a t i s ] - - lN l a r y n g e u s s u p e r i o r ] 1 ' 0
- - radi i 157,167,169,172-174 Radio-ulnar jo int 235,239-240 - femoral is 26, T4 0- - u l n a e 1 5 7 , 1 6 6 , 1 7 2 - 1 7 4 , 1 76 , - d i s t a t s A r t i c u t a t i o r a d i o u t n a r i s - - lA r e c u r r e n s u l n a r i s l 2 3 , - f r o n t a l i s l Am e n i n g e a m e d i a ]
178,207 dis ta t is 2L0 258,280
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Ramus[-iJ ronta[is- - [ A . emporat is uperf ic ia t i s l
6 7 - 6 8 , 7 4 , 8 2 , 8 5 , 2 5 8- - posteromediat is 30- - [V. emporat is uperf ic ia t i s l
68- g a n g L i o n a r e sG a n g t i o n t i c u m l
27 5- - lGangt ion terygopata t inum)
268,27 , T5 7- - { G a n g t i o nu b m a n d i b u t a r e J
269,275- - lGangt iong terygopata t inuml
r57- - [ R a d i x e n s o r i a , . r i g e m i -
n u s l 1 0 1- gastrici anteriores 27 2- geni ta t i s 26- g t a n d u t a r i s a n t e r i o r 1 5 , 1 3 / r- g y r i n g u t a r i s 8 1- hepat ic i 27 2- h y p o t h a t a m i c u s 19- infer ior{-es lN. ocutomotor ius l
267 358,37 4-375,378- - lN t r a n s v e r s u s c o t t i l 42- infrahyoideus 44- intergangt ionares 3- internus N. accessor ius)
1/ ,0-141,273- - ( N t a r y n g e u s s u p e r i o r l 11 5 ,
1 0-1 1 134, 14 0- - lTruncus erviaccessor i i )
14 1- intes t inates N vagus) 27 2- la tera[ is N supraorbi ta t i s l
82-83, s , 11 , 268, 72-373- [ inguates N faciaLisJ 70- - l N . g l o s s o p h a r y n g e u s l 1 3 ,
130,271- - lN. hypogtossusl 73- - l N . i n g u a L i s )6 9- mammari i a tera tes 27-228- mandibulae 4, 44-45, 0-63,
65, 69,73,85,92, 106, 0- m a r g i n a t i s a n d i b u L a r i s 8 , 0 ,
1 5 1 27 0- mastoideus A occipi ta t i s ) 4,
1 4 7- m e d i a t i s N s u p r a o r b i t a t i s )
- - { N m a n d i b u t a r i s l 1 ,264-265,268,278,372
- - lN maxiLLaris) 69,372- - lN vagus) 264-265,272- - lTruncus spinat is ) 6- mentat is 74, 83- muscutares N. spinat is l 211r- -
[Plexus rachia t is l 24- - [Plexus ervicaLis] 7- muscul i ty topharyngei 7 '1 , 5- nasates oster iores nfer iores
27 4- - - super iores atera les 268,
27 4mediales 268,271r
- nasal is xternus N. ethmoidal isanter ior l 82-83
- nervi ochtear is 94- - o c u t o m o t o r i i 19- occipi ta t i s [ -es lA aur icutar is
poster ior) 4- - [A occipi ta t i s l 4- oesophageales N laryngeus
recurrensl JU
Ramus[- iJ- orbi ta l i s A. meningea medial
41 26 5- - [Gangt ion terygopata t inuml
268,27- p a t m a r i s N m e d i a n u s l 17 ,
236, 238-239, 243-24 , 256- - l N . u t n a r i s l 1 5 , 2 1 7 , 2 3 6 ,
238,243-245- - profundus 42,244-245- - s u p e r f i c i a t i s 2 3 , 2 3 9 , 2 4 2 ,
244-246- pancreat ic i N vagus) 27 2- paracentra l is 81- p a r i e t a t i s A .m e n i n g e a e d i a J
258,280- - IA occipi ta t i s edia t is l 33 0- - [A temporat is uperf ic ia t i s )
74,82-85,258- par ie tooccipi ta l i s 81- pectorates 225-226, 22 8- perforansl - tes l A. adia t is ]
248- -
[A thoracica nternal 148- - [Vthoracica nterna] 14 8- per identa les A .alveotar is upe-
r ior poster ior l 83- pharyngeates A thyroidea nfe-
r ior l 140- - [A. hyroidea uper ior l 140- - [N gtossopharyngeusl 40 ,
2 7 1 , r 5- - { N . v a g u s l 4 0 , 2 7 2 , 1 0 0 5 , T 5- poster ior A.col ta tera l is adia l isJ
23 5- - lA. ecurrens Lnar is l 23 ,
240- - [ N a u r i c u t a r i s m a g n u s ] 42- - [ N .c u t a n e u s n t e b r a c h i i e -
d i a t i s l 3 0 , 3 6- - [N thoracicus] 17,340- - [Sutcus ateraLis] 89,330- - lTruncus . spinat is l 26- precuneatis 281, 329 330- profundus A transversa ol t i l
144-145- - [ N .m e d i a n u s l 2 0- - [N radia t is l 204,215,
238-241,248- - lN. utnar is l 215,244-245,
T36,T3 8- pubicus A epigast r ica nfer ior l
1 9- renates N. vagusJ 72- s inus arot ic i 27 1- spinat is [ -es l A intercosta t is
poster ior l 34 4- - {A ver tebrat is j 44- splenic i N. vagusl 272- s ternocle idomastoideus A oc -
c i p i t a t i s l 4 , 14 6- - lA thyroideasuper ior l 1+ 5- s tyLohyoideus 2,399,T9- superf ic iaLisA transversa o[[ i l
144-145,229- - [ N m e d i a n u s l 20- - { N r a d i a t i s l 7 8 , 2 1 5 , 2 1 7 ,
221, 36, 38-2/+1, 46-247,256
- - lN utnar is l 215,244-245,138- s u p e r i o r { - e s lN .o c u t o m o t o r i u s l
267,373-37 ,378- - [ N t r a n s v e r s u s c o t t i l 42- suprahyoideus 44- t e m p o r a t e s N . a c i a L i s J 8 , 7 8 ,
a s c e n 0 e n s l I r J , r J U- - [ N g t o s s o p h a r y n g e u s l 1 3 ,
130,271- t racheales A thyroidea nfer ior]
1 3 0- t rapezius Plexus ervicaLis l 5- v e n t r a t e s N . p i n a t i s l 1 4 , I 1 2- z y g o m a t i c i 8 , 7 8 , 8 0 , 1 6 , 2 7 0- zygomaticofac iatis 2, 268- zygomat icotemporat is 2, 26 8Ra h e- mytohyoidea 06- pata t i 10 2- palpebral is a teraLis 52, 54,
35 6- pharyngis 13 8- pterygomandibutar is 2, 102,
137
Recessu- ar t icu[ar is- axi l tar is 162, 64, 83- cochlear is 92- et t ip t icus 92- epi tympanicus 82, 81+-385, 87- infundibut i 95, 02, 1 1, 317,
3 2 7 3 3 6- Latera l is entr icut i uar t i 304,
3 1 1- membranae ympanicae uper i -
o r 3 8 5- p h a r y n g e u s 8 , 1 3 6 , 3 9 , 3 8 9- pinea[ is 295, 11, 17, 34- pir i formis 128, 131, 41, 54- sacci formis Art icu[a t ioadiout-
nar is dis ta t i s j 25 6- spher icus 39 2- supraopt icus 95, 11, 17, 27,
33 6- suprapineal is 95, 97, 11,
31 , 33 3- t r i a n g u t a r i s 1 7 , 3 2 7R e c t u m 4 , 1 6 - 1 7RefIexes- Achi t tes endon ef tex 34 6- cremaster ic ef lex 34 6- monosynapt ic ef ex 346- patet[ar eftex 346- pLantar ef lex 346- poLysynaptic eflex 346- spinal ord 346- superf ic ia l bdominaLef lex 346Reg ol nes l- abdominal is a tera l is 4- a n a l i s 5- a n t e b r a c h i i n t e r i o r - 5 , 1 5 7 ,
236,238-239- - poster ior 4-5 ,157,236,241- a x i t l a r i s - 5 , 1 5 7- b r a c h i i nt e r i o r , 1 5 7 , 2 3 0
l5 t - t J J
F v v r ei r v r
234-235- buccat is 2- calcanea Catx- c a p i t i s 2- cervicat is l -es l 2- - anter ior 4 ,32, 42, /+4- - l a t e r a t i s , 3 2 , 1 4 2 - 1 4 7- - p o s t e r i o r , 3 2- corpor is 4- 5- crur is anter ior 4- 5- - poster ior 4- 5
Regio[-nesl- cubi ta t i s n t er ior 4 ,230,21+0- - poster ior 5 , 231- d e t t o i d e a - 5 , 3 2 , 1 5 7- epigas t r ica- femoris nter ior 4- - poster ior 5- frontatis 32- genus nter ior 4- - poster ior 5- gluteal is 5- hypochondr iaca- i n f r a m a m m a r i a- infraorbi ta l i s 2
i ^ i - ^ - - - ^ , , t ^ - :- E i l i l r d r L d P U r o r r r J
- i n g u i n a l i s- L u m b a t i s- m a m m a r i a- mental is 32- nasal is 32- o c c i p i t a t i s , 3 2- olfactor ia T5 7- oral is 32-
orbi ta l i s 32- par ie ta l is , 32- pectora t is- pres ternat is- p u b i c a- sacra l is 5- scaputar is , 235- s ternocte idomastoidea ,
J Z- surae 5- temporat is 2- u m b i t i c a [ i s- urogeni ta t i s- ver tebra t is- zygomat ica 2Reg o ns- of he head 32- - deep, esse ls nd nerves 81- - [atera[, essets and nerves 80- of he human body r- of he neck 32, 80-81f{t t55Ntt ( memorane Hanes
vesti u a isR e n 1 5 - 1 7 , 3 0Respira tory ract , overview 14Rete- acromia[e 226-227, 231, 23 5- articu[are cubiti 215, 234-235,
R0LAND0,issure f , Sutcus f 289R0LLER'sucteus 39 7RoSENTHALvein s Vena asaLisRostrum-
[ C o r p u s a [ L o s u m l 9 2 , 2 9 5 ,302, 06, 13, 1 -31 , 320, 326,334,337
- sphenoida[e 6Rotat io- [ A r t i c u t a t i ou m e r i lT2 3- externa Art icula t io oxae] 1- interna Art icu[a t io oxaeJ 0Rotator uff 1 63, 182, 18 4
5
Saccu us- l a r y n g i s 3 1 , 1 3 3- vest ibu[ar is 93-394Sa c s- endolymphat icus 93- [acr imat is 54, 57- v e s t i b u l a r i s S a c c u l u s v e s t i b u -
lar isSagi t ta t x is 1Sagi t taI [ane 1Sal ivary tands , major s Gtandul .ae
sat ivar iae a joresSca a- tympani 391-394- vest ibuLi 91-394Scalenus muscles 1 18, 120-121,
T 1Scapha 38 0S c a p u t a , 1 5 5 , 5 8 , 6 0 , 6 4 - 1 6 5S c a p u t a r t a n e 16 0S c H L E M M ,a n a I f s S i n u s e n o -
sus scLeraeSCHULTZEcomma ract s Fasci -
cu[us nterfascicular is
scHWALBE nucLeus 97Sctera 362-364, 78, 57S c r o t u m 5Segments f he spinaL ord 341S e g m e n t u m t - a J- cervicalia 341-343- coccygea 41- lumbaLia 41-343- medu[[ae pinat is 34 1- sacra l ia 34 1- thoracica 341-343Set ta urc ica 38, 57,88, 27 9S e m i c a n a [ i s- m u s c u t i e n s o r i s y m p a n i 8 6 ,
389, 39 8- tubae udi t ivae 88-389, 91,398
Sensibi t i ty- d e e p , n c o n s c i o u s 4 9- epicr i t ic pathways f epicr i t ic
sensibi t i ty l 48- protopathic pathways f proto-pathic ensibi t i ty l 48
Sensory e[[s Cris ta mput tar is l3 95
Sensory ys tem- associa t ion rea 2i1- n rn io r t inn a roz 191
S e p t u m- c a n a [ i s u s c u l o t u b a r i i 8 6 - 3 8 7 ,
389, 98- intermuscu[are 1- - b r a c h i i a t e r a t e 7 8 - 1 7 9 , 85 ,
187, 1 91, 200-202, 234, 2s 2- - - m e d i a t e 7 0 , 1 7 8 , 1 8 7 ,
1 9-1 0, 194-198,219-220,232,238,240,252-253
Septum- interventr icutare 2- [ i n g u a e 0 4 , 1 0 8 , 11 4- n a s i 4 4 , 6 8 - 6 9 , 7 , 9 0 - 9 1 , 0 0 ,
1 1 6 - 1 1 7 , 1 3 5 , 1 3 9- - o s s e u m 3 4 , 4 6 , 5 0 , 6 2- orbi ta[e 356, 37 8- peLLucidum 7 , 292, 95, 298,
309, 3 15-31 7, 320, 323-32733 '1-333, 37
- s i n u u m p h e n o i d a L i u m 79S h o u l d e r i r d l e C i n g u t u m ec -
tora eS h o u t d e r o i n t A r t i c u l a t i ou m e r iS h o u L d e r u s c t e s 8 2 - 1 8 L ,
T26-r28S h o u t d e r e g i o n- ar ter ies 235- nerves 23 5SHRAPNELL'sembrane PaTs
f ta c daS i n u s- carot icus 58, I57- cavernosus 60, 62-263, 77 ,
2 7 9 , 3 6 9 , r 5 7- durae matr is 262-263- frontaf is 38, 44-45, 50-51, 4 ,
8 7 - 9 1 , 11 6 , 3 6 9- - development 0- in tercaveTnosul- i l 262-263,
2 7 9 , 2 9 5- - a n t e r i o r 7 9- - poster ior 27 9- m a r g i n a t i s 1 , 6 2 - 2 6 5- maxi t tar is 44-45, 49,52,54-55,
- sphenopar ie ta t is 60, 62-263- t ransversus 40-1 1 , 262-263,
399- t y m p a n i 8 6 , 3 9 8- valvulae 1- venosus clerae 362-364
Siphon arot lcum 25 9Skete taI uscles , verview 12-13Skete ton- bone marrow, aematopoie t ic ,
d i s t r i b u t i o n- osseous oints , a tpableSkin , t ructure 31S k u L L 3 - 3 8 , 4 4 - 4 7S p a t i u m l - a l- a x i t t a r e a t e r a t e 8 3 , 8 9 , 9 1- - m e d i a l e 8 3 , 8 9 , 9 1- e p i d u r a l e 3 6 , 1 5 L- intervagina[e ubarachnoidaLe
362,368- la teropharyngeum 40-141- o e s o p h a g o t r a c h e a L e2 9 , 3 6- per ichoroideum 62
Spat ium(-a) Stroma ridis 364- r e t r o o e s o p h a g e u m 36 S t r u m a o d o s a 3 5- r e t r o p h a r y n g e u m 3 6 S u b a r a c h n o i d p a c e 1- s u b a r a c h n o i d e u m 1 6 , 1 5 L , 2 6 1 , S u b c u t i s 1
2 7 8 , 3 11 , 3 2 5 S u b i c u l u m r o m o n t o r i i 8 6- z o n u l a r i a 6 3 - 3 6 5 S u b i n t i m aS p h e n o i d a t o n e O s s p h e n o i d a [ eS p i n a l - a e l- h e t i c i s 8 0- m e n t a t i s 0 - 6 1- - s u p e r i o r 0 6- nasal is 48- - anter ior 34-35,1 ,1 , ,L9,51-52,
8 7- - poster ior 1 ,2 ,49-52- o s s i s p h e n o i d a t i s 0 , 4 2 , 3 ,
5 6 , 2 , 8 8- p a l a t i n a e 2- scapu[ae 160, 62-163,
178-179, 2-1 3- suprameat ica 8- t y m p a n i c a a j o r 3 8 7- - m i n o r 3 8 7
S p i n a l o r d- s M e d u [ [ a p i n a [ i s- reflexes 346- segments 34 1SpinaL erves Nervusl - i ] p inatesS p l e e n S p l e nS p l e n 1 6 - 1 7Sptenium 27 , 287, 92-293, 95,
306-307, 1 , 320, 21,332-333,3 3 7 , 3 7 0
S q u a m a- frontatis 31+-35, 7 48,50, 55,353- occipi ta t i s 8 ,46-47SSA specifc somat ic fference]
3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 6Stapes 379, 82-383, 85, 87,
393, 39 9S T E N S E N ' sS T E N 0 N I u c t D u c t u s
pa ot deuSternoctavicu[aroint s Art icuta t io
s te noc[avi u a i sSternum 6Stra tum- basale 31- c o r n e u m 1- - { s t r i c t u e n s u l 3 1- f i b r o s u m C a p s u t a r t i c u t a r i s ]
M e m b r a n a b r o s a- - [ Va g i n ae n d i n i s ] 11 , 2 1 3- g e r m i n a t i v u m 1- g r a n u l o s u m C e r e b e t t u m l 05- - { C u t i s l 1- l u c i d u m 1- molecutare Cerebel tuml 05- nervosum 362,368- papiLLare 1- p i g m e n t o s u m 6 2 , 3 6 8
- re t icutare 1- s p i n o s u m 1- synovia te Capsuta r t icutar is ]
Membrana ynovia t is- - l Va g i n a t e n d i n i s l1 , 2 1 3Str ia ae J- Longi tudinat isa tera l is 293, 12,
32 8- - medial is 293,312,328- mat tear is 38 2- m e d u [ [ a r i s ( - e s lh a t a m i 295 ,
327-328- - v e n t r i c u t i u a r t i 2 9 9 , 3 11- olfactor ia a tera t is 86- t e r m i n a t i s 9 8 , 1 3 , 1 5 - 3 1 7 ,
3 2 7 3 2 8 , 3 3 1 3 32- vascular is 94
S u b m a n d r b u t a r [ a n d G l a n d u t asu bma d buLa is
Su s ta ti a- a t b a 2 6 1 , 3 1 5 , 3 2 9 , 3 4 5- compacta 7- gelatinosa 345-346- - centraLis 45- g r i s e a 3 1 , 3 2 9 , 4 5- - centra l is 29 7- - in termedia entra t is 34 6- tent is 36 6- nigra 27 -277, 87, 97, 09,
328, 35- i n f r a o r b i t a t i s 9 ,5 3 - 5 5 , 3 5 3- intermedius oster ior 299, 45- inter tubercutar is 1 1 62, 1 5- intraparietatis 285, 289 290- [acr ima[ is Maxi t taJ 9- - [0s tacr imate i 53- la teraLis 88-290, 09-310, 26 ,
328, 33 0- [ imi tans 299-300- lunatus 289,332-334- m e d i a n u s i n g u a e 0 3- - poster ior Medut ta btongata}
299_300, 31,2_343, 1,5- - {Ventr icutus uar tus l
298-299 311- m u s c u t i ubc l av i i 5 9- m y t o h y o i d e u s 0 , 6 2- nervipet ros i major is 40, 39 1- - - m i n o r i s 4 0- - r a d i a l i s 6 1 , 9 1- - u l n a r i s 1 6 1 , 1 7 0- occipi to temporat is 87- oLfactorius 86-287- orbitales 286-287
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
- pfechiasmat icus 7, 27 9- promontor i i 86- re t root ivar is 7 1-272, 57- sclerae 35 2- s i n u s e t r o s i n f e r i o r i s 0 , 3 9 1- - - s u p e r i o r i s 4 0- - sagi t ta t i s uper ior is 39-1 '0- - s i g m o i d e i 0 s o c c i p i t a t e J 7 ,
278- - - (0s emporate) 8 , 40, 59 ,
390-39- - t ransvers i 8 , /+0,57-
spira l is xternus 39 4- - in ternus 39 4- subparietalis 329, 331 332- temporatis nterior 286-287,
289- - super ior 285,289,329,
332-335- t e r m i n a l i s L i n g u a J 0 3 , 4 1- tubae audi t ivae 6- tympanicus 86- venosi 39Sutcus f ROLAND0 89Superci t ium 52,378Superf c iaL bdominaI ef ex 346Su inat io- l A r t i c u [ a t i ou b i t i lT 23- lArt icu[a t ioatotarsa t is ] 39S u p p o r t i n g e [ [ s C r i s t a m -
puLtar isJ 95Surface natomy- in he emale 2-3- in he mate 2-3
Sutu a- coronat is 4-36, 38-39, 5-47,
26 1- e t h m o i d o t a c r i m a l i s5- f r o n t a l i s 6 - 4 7 , 11 7- frontotacr imal is 4-35- frontomaxi t tar is 4, 54, 86- f r o n t o n a s a l i s 4 ,5 0 , 8 6- frontozygomat ica 4-35, 1 , 11 7- i n c i s i v a 2- in termaxi[Lar is 4- in ternasat is 4- [acr imomaxi[[ar is 5- lambdoidea 5-39, 4-46- nasomaxi l tar is 4-35, 6-
occipi ta l i s ransversa 7 , 47- occipi tomastoidea 5, 37, 40- p a l a t i n a e d i a n a 2 , 5 2 , 9 3- - t r a n s v e Ts a 2 , 4 9 , 5 2 , 8 7- pata tomaxiLLaris3- p a r i e t o m a s t o i d e a 5 , 3 7- sagi t ta t i s 6-37, 4 , 47, 26 1- sphenofronta l is 1r-35,40, 5- sphenopar ie ta l is 4- s p h e n o s q u a m o s a 5 , 4 0- sphenozygomat ica 4-35, 56- s q u a m o s a 5 , 3 7 - 3 8- temporozygomat ica 5- vomeromaxi t tar is 7- zygomat icofronta t is 1r- zygomat icomaxi[ tar is 4-35,
53-54. 11
SVA specif ic isceraI fferenceJ3 0 0 - 3 0 1 , 5 6
SYLVlanissure SuLcus atera l isI C e r e b r u m ]
Sympathet ic ervous ys tem 27Sympathet ic runk s Truncus
sym arn usSymphysis- m a n d i b u L a e 6 , 1- m a n u b r i o s t e r n a t i s 5 9
Synchondrosis- p e t r o o c c i p i t a t i s3 8 - 1 3 9 , 91- sphenopetrosa 90-391SyndesmosisSynostos isSystema- nervosum entra[e 24- - p e r i p h e r i c u m 4
T
Ta n a- choroidea 98,317- fornic is 293,316-317- t h a t a m i ' i 7
Tatus , evelopmentTapetum 306, 13, 329, 31 332,
33 8Ta su s- infer ior 351--356, 78- s u p e r i o r 5 4 - 3 5 6 , 7 8
Tectum 33 7- mesencephal i 67, 87, 95,
297, 302, 320, 323-324, 335-336,348,370,T57
Teeth , ermanent 96-97Tegmen- tympani 40 0- ventr icut i uar t i 304-305
Tegmentum mesencephat i 87,295, 297, 302, 323, 328, 335-337
Tela- choroidea entr icut i uar t i 29 8- - - ter t i i 295,302,315-317,
320-321,327 329,332-333, 37
- s u b c u t a n e a 5 4 , 2 5 6T o l o n r o n h e l n n ? A l
Temporal one Os emporateTe m p o r o m a n d i b u t a ro i n t A r t i c u -
l a t i o e m p o r o m a n d i b u t a r i sTendo{- ines l 1- i n t e r m e d i u s 5 1
Te n d o n h e a t h s , a n d 1 1 , 20 8Tentor ium erebeLt i 62, 7 , 321,
295- pyramidal is 07, 09, 28- re t icutospina[ is 47,35 0- rubrospinat is 47,35 0- rubrothalamicus 50- spinocerebet tar is nter ior 3117,
349- - poster ior 347,349- spinoot ivar is 47 34 9- spinoret icu[ar is 48- spinotecta l is 47-348- s p i n o t h a [ a m i c u sn t e r i o r
347-348- - lateralis 3/.7-348- spira l is oraminosus 91,397- supraopt icohypophysia t is 95- t e c t o s p i n a t i s 4 7 , 3 5 0- v e s t i b u l o s p i n a t i s5 0 , 3 9 7- - l a t e r a l i s 5 0 , 3 9 7- -
media t is 347,350,397- vest ibulotha[amicus 97Tr a g u s 8 0 , 3 8 2Transverse xis 1Transverse lane 1TriangLe f PHILIPPE-GoMBAULT47Tr i a n g u t a r p a c e 1 8 3 , 8 9 , 9 1Tr i g o n u m- carot icum 32- clavipectora le , 225-226- co[[a tera le 13-316, 34, 38- femoris 4- h a b e n u t a r e 9 8- [emnisci a tera l is 98- muscuLare omotracheate] 2- nervi hypogloss i 99- - vagi 299
lndex
Trigonum- olfactor ium 287, 92, 97- omoclavicu[are 2, 11 9- submandibutare 2, 15 1- s u b m e n t a t e 2
Troc Le a- h u m e r i 1 6 1 , 1 6 8 , 1 7 0- { M o b [ i q u u s u p e r i o r l 5 8 , 3 6 1 ,
3 75T r u n c u s l - i l - 3 , 6 , 2 5- brachiocephat icus 8-19, 2 ,
121, 36, 41, 152-153, 72- bronchomedia tinalis 23, 229- cerebri 24,302- coel iacus 8-19, 2, 27- - b r a n c h e s 9- (Corpus a[[osum] 7 , 292,
intes t ina[ is 3- jugutar is 23,133,229- t u m b a t i s 3- [umbosacral is 6- m e d i u s 2 5 , 1 5 3 , 2 1 4- nerviaccessor i i / '1 ,273- - s p i n a t i s 6 , 3 4 4- p u [ m o n a t i s 2- subctavius 3 , 22 9- super ior 144-145, 53, 14- sympathicus 7 29, 41 ,
140-1 ,1, 47, 153-15/1- thyrocervicat is 9, 141, 46-147,
152-153,228, , ^ ^ ^ r - ^ ^ + ^ . i ^ . 1 a a aa v o 9 o u J
- - poslerior 27,272Tuba- a u d i t i v a 0 1 , 3 7 9 , 3 8 7 , 8 9 , 00- u t e r i n a 15
Tu b e r- cinereum 286-287, 297, 37 0- fronta le 36,46, /+8- maxi t lae 1r 9- parietate 35-36, 1,6-1'7- vermis 302-304
TubercuLum(-al- a n t e r i u s h a l a m i 2 9 8- - {Vertebra ervical is l 21- ar t icutare 2, 58-59, 3 , 65-66,
1 0 0- aur icutare 80- carot icum Tuberculum n-
t e r i u s- c o n o i d e u m 5 9- cornicu[atum 29, 36, 39, 41- cuneatum 27 , 298-299,f57- cuneiforme 126-127, 29, 36 ,
139, 14 1- dent is 94- d o r s a t e 6 7 , 1 7 4- e p i g t o t t i c u m 2 7- graci [e 276,298-299- infragtenoidate 60,162, 65- j u g u [ a r e 7- majus 161-163, 65, 18 4- m e n t a t e 0 , 10 6- m i n u s 1 6 1 , 1 6 5- o s s i s c a p h o i d e i 7 1 , 1 7 6- - t r a p e z i i 7 1 - 1 7 2- pharyngeum 2- poster ius Vertebra ervical is ]
45- set tae 40, 57- s u p r a g l e n o i d a t e 60
ii.iirii rl .i
I .rrlrl
8/18/2019 Sobotta - Atlas of Humna Anatomy - Head Neck Upper Limb - Vol 1_2
Upper rms. Ar mUpper horacic perture 49Ureter 5Urethra- f e m i n i n a 5- m a s c u t i n a 5Urinary nd enitaIract- in he emale, verview 5- in he ma[e, verview 5Uterus 5Utriculus 93-394Uvea .Lamina ascuLosaUvu[a- patatina 2,102, 13, 39
- vermis 302-304
V
Va g i n a l - a e l 5- c o m m u n i s e n d i n u m u s c u L o -
rum f lexorum 208, 21- externa erviopt ic i 358,362,
368-369, 78- interna ervi opt ic i 368-369- muscu[ i ec t i abdominis 179,
225- nervi optici 265,T57- processus tytoidei 9- synovia t is ig i torummanus 208- - t e n d i n i s , 1 1
Vagina[-ae]- t e n d i n i s d i g i t iM a n u s l 1 , 1 8 0 ,
208,211,246,257- - intertubercularis 162-164,
1 8 2 - 1 8 3 , 1 9 0- - muscu[ i bductor is ol l ic is
tongi 207-208, 11,2/+6- - - extensor is arpiutnar is
211d i g i t im i n i m i 21 1digi torum 211,246indicis 211,246potticis brevis 207 208,211, 2t+6- t o n g i2 11 , 2 / + 6 , 2 5 7
- - - f texor is arpi adia l is207 208,211,2t+6
pot t ic is ongi 175,207-208,211,257
- tendinum muscutorum xtenso-rum 211,246
carpi adia t ium 21 '246
Va[[ecuta- cerebe[[i 304- epigtot t ica 30
VaLLum nguis 31Vatvulae enosae 21Vasl-a)- tymphat icuml-a l 3- - profunda 31- - superf ic ia l ia 1 ,150,22/+- sanguinea et inae 363,367
Veinls l- head 260- of GALEN. Vena magna erebr i- of LABBE 60- systemic i rcula t ion 0
Ve[um- meduttare nterius 276,299,
304-305- - super ius 276,295,298-299,
302, 304-305, 29- pala t inum . Pata tum mo[[e
Vena[-ae]- a tveotar is nfer ior 1 1 -1 1- anastomot ica uper ior 281- angu[ar is 75,260,376- anterior septi peltucidi 321-322,
326,333- aur icutar is os ter ior 142-144- axi[ [ar is20, 146-148, 24 ,
col ica ext ra 21- - m e d i a 2 1- - s in is t ra 21- comitans ervihypogloss i 5 ,
1 14- conjunct ival is nter ior 36 3- diptoicae 61- - f ronta les 75, 26 1- - occipi ta les 5 , 26 1- - temporates n ter iores 75 ,
z d l- - - poster iores75,261- emissar ia l -ae l ondytar is 1 ,
75,264- - frontatis 26 0- - mastoidea 5 , 26 0- - occipi ta l i s 60- - parietalis 75,260-261- episc[era[ is 63- faciaLis 9 , 75, 82,85, 109-1 0 ,
116, 18, 1t+3-1/+5,48-1t+9, 51 ,260,376
- femoral is 20- fronta tes 28 1- gast r ica 21- gast roomentat is 1- hemiazygos 1- - accessor ia 1- hepat icae 0-22- i te i 21- iliaca communis 20-22- - externa 20-21- - in terna 20-21- i t ioLumbat is 1- inferiores cerebri 294- infraorbi ta[ is 78- intercapi tu[ares Manus] 24 7-
1 3 7 , 1 4 1- [ateraLisentricu[iateralis 22- [inguaLis15-116, 34- [umbaLis{-esJ1- - ascendens 1- magna e r e b r i 6 0 , 2 6 2 , 2 7 6 ,
302, 1 1,316-317,320-322,329,334,337,370
- maxiLLaris9, 5, 5- media rofunda erebri 94
3 22- - superficiatis erebri 81,29/+,
326- mediana ntebrachii 30 ,
236-237
Venalael mediana- - basitica 236-237- - cephat ica 37- - cubi t i 20 ,170,178,230,
236-237,254- meningea media 263- mesenter ica nfer ior 20-21- - super ior 20-21- nasofronta l is 5 ,376- occipitatis 75, 142-11+/+,
148-149,260,281- ophthatmica nlerior 260,264- - super ior 41,260,263,265,
278,376,378- ovar ica 20-21- parietales 281 282, 291+- pharyngeae 5, 14 0- phrenica nfer ior 21- popt i tea 0- por tae hepat is 20-21- portales hypophysiates 95- profundal-ae) erebr i 32 2- - fac ie i 85- - femoris 20- - l i n g u a e 1 5- recta l is uper ior 21- renal is 20-21- re t romandibular is 5, 82,85,
110, 1 43-1 +6, 48-1 49, 151, 26 0- sacra l is mediana 21- saphena magna 20- - parva 20- s igmoideae 1- spl.enica 0-21- subclavia 20-21, 23, 77, 118,
121, 41, 45, 49,226- subfascia l is 1- subt ingual is 10, 14-115- submentat is 5 , 82, 85, 110 ,
145,148- subscapular is 27-
superiores cerebri 260,262,281-282,294- supraorbi ta t i s 76- suprarena[ is 1- suprascapu[ar is 29- supratrochlearis 75- temporal is media 82, 85- - s u p e r f i c i a t i s 8 , 7 5 , 8 5 , 0 9- tes t icutar is 0-21- tha[amostr ia ta uper ior 260,
29 , 31 3 3 17, 321 322, 328-329,331 333, 33 7
- thoracica nterna 20, 148-149,1 5 3
- - la tera l is 147,227-229- thoracoacromiat is 45, 48
tt a- thoracodorsalis 227 22 8- thoracoepigas t r icae 47 ,
- frontalis 70-73, 354,I1- i n f e r i o r 0 5 , 1 8 - 1 2 0 , 4 / + - 1 / + 6 ,
1 8, 1 0 , 1 2-1 3 , 186, 89,228,T 1 0
- occipi ta t i s 1-73, 142, 1- p o s t e r i o r 3 ,1 0 5 - 1 0 6 , 1 0 ,
118-120, 137 1 41, 399, T9, T5 7- s u p e r i o r 0 5 , 1 0 , 1 4 , 1 9 - 1 2 0 ,
144, 46-147 150,229,110Ventr ic te ts l Ventr icu[us[- i ]Ventr icu us[- i- cordis exter 22- - s in is ter 22- e n c e p h a l i 1 0 - 3 11- laryngis 104, 127, 29, 31
Venu[a- macu[ar is nfer ior 36 7- - super ior 35 7- medial is e t inae 36 7- nasat is e t inae nfer ior 36 7- - - s u p e r i o r 3 6 7- temporat is e t inae nfer ior 36 7- - - s u p e r i o r 3 6 7
Vermis erebet t i 7 , 286,297 298, 302-303, 1 , 31 -31 ,320, 323 324, 329, 33 +-337349-350
Vertebrae- cervicates 133-13/+, 52-151+- coccygeae . 0s coccygis- l h n r e e i r a o 1 q ? 1 6 q
VertebraI anaI . Canat is er te-
braLis
Vertex 36- corneae 36 2
Vesica- b i L i a r i s 1 r , 7 2 2- fe t tea . Vesica i l iar is- u r i n a r i a 5 , 2 2
vest ibutar 3-94Vest ibutum- Labyr inthi 92- laryngis 129,133- n a s i 1 4 , 8 8 , 3 6- o r i s 1 4 , 0 3 - 1 0 4
Vibr issae 2Vi n c u [ u m l - a l- breve 20 9- tonga 209- tendinum 209,213
Viscerocranium 4Vision- association rea 291- projection area 291
VisuaI ie td , tabi [ isa t ion 96Visual a thway 37 1-
btood uppty 37 0
VocaI igament Ligamentumvocate
Vota s. PalmaVomer 34, 38, 42, +7, 0, 54, 62, 87,
26 4
wWERNICKE'sentre 397wlLLIS, i rc le f s Circutus r ter io-
sus cerebr iWris t s . CarpusWrist-drop, adial nerve patsy 221Yellow pot s. Macula utea