SMALL SCALE INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE ROOF DESIGN Final … · 2020. 5. 19. · Thank you for Reza Herbi, Riski Aditya, and all of member of Mektan who accompanied me for more enthusiasm

i

SMALL SCALE INTEGRATED SUSTAINABLE ROOF DESIGN

Final Project

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for Bachelor of Engineering in Civil

Engineering at Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Submitted by:

Findria Kalista

D 100 154 015

CIVIL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

ENGINEERING FACULTY

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

2019

ii

iii

iv

MOTTO

Indeed, Allah is with those who are patient.

(QS, Al-Baqarah 153)

And do good, for truly Allah likes those who do good.

(QS, Al-Baqarah 195)

But perhaps you hate a thing and it is good for you; and perhaps you love a thing and it is

bad for you. And Allah Knows, while you know not.

(QS. Al-Baqarah: 216)

Whoever goes out to seek knowledge is in the way of Allah.

(HR. Turmudzi)

Allah has the best plan

(Findria Kalista)

v

PREFACE

بسماللهالرحمنالرحيم

Assalamualai’kum Warahmatullah Wabarakatu

Alhamdullilah, first and foremost, praise and gratitude the author give to Allah SWT for

His abundant mercy, blessing and guidance. So, the authors can finish this final project in

accordance to the requirements for the Bachelor degree in Civil Engineering, Engineering

Faculty, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta. The final project with the title of “Small Scale

Integrated Sustainable Roof Design”. Grateful acknowledgment is here made to those who

showed great support either directly or indirectly for this final project. Then with the

completion of this final project, in particular the author would like to thank:

Allah SWT who always bestows His heart and guidance, and for all strength, ease and

guidance. And for His most beautiful gift.

Mr. Sri Sunarjono., Ph.D as Dean of the Faculty of Engineering and Mr. Mochamad Solikin,

as Chair of the Department of Civil Engineering Study Program at the Universitas

Muhammadiyah Surakarta and his staff, who have provided facilities to compilers to be able

to attend studies.

Ms. Purwanti Sri Pudyastuti, ST., MSc., as a supervisor who is so sincere and sincere that

he has provided guidance, useful advice and direction as well as instructions to the compiler

with full patience in the preparation of this Final Project. Also to Mr. Gurawan Djati, ST

MT. and Mr. Ir. Hermono, M.Eng. as a Testing Lecturer who contributed many constructive

criticisms and suggestions.

Mr. Ujianto Academic Advisor, who has helped and provided valuable guidance during the

study period in the Civil Engineering Study Program at the Universitas Muhammadiyah

Surakarta.

Mr./Mrs. Lecturer of Civil Engineering Study Program at Universitas Muhammadiyah

Surakarta who has provided useful knowledge to the compilers.

All employees of the Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Civil Engineering Program

who have served and assisted compilers during the study and until the completion of the

preparation of this Final Project.

My Parents, My Family, Rezha Herbi, Riski Aditya, and all of my friends in

Muhammadiyah Surakarta who always support and help me to finish this project

vi

All parties that cannot be mentioned one by one, who have provided much assistance and

support to me. Thank you very much.

Finally the compilers realized that the results of this Final Project writing were far from

perfect. But with the completion of this Final Project, hopefully it will be useful for the

compilers themselves and for the readers.

Wassalamualai’kum Warahmatullah Wabarukatu

Surakarta, 2019

Author

vii

PROVIDING

Alhamdulillah, accompanied by the presence of Allah SWT who has blessed, I present

this small work to you

Dear Father and Mother for all the prayers, love, struggle and sacrifices that have been

given.

My brother who always gives encouragement to immediately complete this work

Thank you for Reza Herbi, Riski Aditya, and all of member of Mektan who accompanied

me for more enthusiasm to immediately complete this work.

Thank you CESA, KMTS, Civil Engineering Laboratory, which has provided invaluable

experience and knowledge.

Thank you to all those who have helped and friends of the Double Degree International Civil

Engineering, Class of 2015 and many more who cannot be mentioned one by one here,

thanks again.

viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE ................................................................................................................... i

APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................................ ii

DECLARATION OF AUTHORSHIP.............................................................iii

MOTTO ............................................................................................................... iv

PREFACE .............................................................................................................. v

PROVIDING…................................................................................................... vii

TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................viii

LIST OF TABLE...................................................................................................x

LIST OF FIGURE................................................................................................xi

LIST OF FORMULA ….................................................................................... xii

LIST OFABBREVIATION................................................................................xiii

LIST OF ATTACHMENT.................................................................................xiv

ASBTRACT............................................................................................................1

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1

A. Background........................................................................................ 1

B. Problem Statement ............................................................................. 3

C. Research Purpose ............................................................................... 3

D. Problem Limitation ............................................................................ 3

E. Benefit Research ................................................................................ 4

F. Authenticity of Resaerch .................................................................... 4

G. Similarities and Differences .............................................................. 5

CHAPTER II LITERATUR REVIEW .............................................................. 6

A. Research that has been done .............................................................. 6

CHAPTER III THEORETICAL BASIS..........................................................10

A. Hydrological Cycle .......................................................................... 10

B. Green Roof....................................................................................... 10

C. Solar Cell ......................................................................................... 11

D. Average Rainfall Area ..................................................................... 13

E. Consistency Test .............................................................................. 15

F. Rainwater Harvesting ....................................................................... 17

G. Energy Requirement ........................................................................ 19

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH METHOD ........................................................... 20

ix

A. General ............................................................................................ 20

B. Research Equipment ........................................................................ 20

C. Data Collection Technique .............................................................. 21

D. Stage of Implemantation.................................................................. 21

E. Plan Flow Chart of Research ........................................................... 23

CHAPTER V DISCUSSION ANALYSIS ........................................................ 24

A. Consistency Test .............................................................................. 24

B. Green Roof....................................................................................... 27

C. Clean Water Needed ........................................................................ 31

D. Rain Water Harvesting .................................................................... 31

E. The Energy Needed.......................................................................... 39

F. The Solar Cell Needed ..................................................................... 42

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION .................................... 43

A. Conclusion ....................................................................................... 43

B. Suggestion........................................................................................ 43

REFERENCE

x

LIST OF TABLE

Table III.1 Runoff Coefficient .............................................................................. 17

Table V.1 Commulative data Sta. Tested and Sta. Index ..................................... 24

Table V.2 Rainfall Data of Sta. Pabelan ............................................................... 26

Table V.3 Critical Value of Q and R .................................................................... 26

Table V.4 Value of SK.......................................................................................... 27

Table V.5 Clean Water Needed per Person .......................................................... 31

Table V.6 Calculation of Rainwater Harvesting ................................................... 36

Table V.7 Capacity of The Pump ......................................................................... 40

xi

LIST OF FIGURE

Figure III.1 Example of Green Roof for Housing................................................. 11

Figure III.2 Example of Solar Cell Housing Design............................................. 12

Figure III.3 Solar Cell Work System .................................................................... 13

Figure III.4 Thoessen Method............................................................................... 14

Figure III.5 Isohyet Method .................................................................................. 15

Figure III.6 Explanation of Mass Curve ............................................................... 18

Figure IV.1 Location of The House ...................................................................... 20

Figure IV.2 Maps of Watersheeds ........................................................................ 21

Figure IV.3 Flow Chart of Plan Research ............................................................. 23

Figure V.1 Double Mass Curve Method for Sta. Pabelan .................................... 25

Figure V.2 Structure of Extensive Type of Green Roof ....................................... 28

Figure V.3 Sedum (Selected Plants) ..................................................................... 28

Figure V.4 Sedum system build-up ...................................................................... 29

Figure V.5 Plan of Green Roof ............................................................................. 29

Figure V.6 Layer of green roof ............................................................................. 30

Figure V.7 Design of green roof ........................................................................... 30

Figure V.8 Rainwater harvesting system .............................................................. 33

Figure V.9 Frontside of rainwater harvesting system ........................................... 33

Figure V.10 View of rainwater harvesting system ............................................... 34

Figure V.11 Pipe sytem to flow rainwater to the bathroom .................................. 34

Figure V.12 Pipe sytem to flow rainwater to the kitchen ..................................... 35

Figure V.13 Design of Rainwater Harvesting....................................................... 35

FigureV.14 Roof area for rainwater harvesting dimention ................................... 36

FigureV.15 Rainwater Harvesting Needed ........................................................... 37

FigureV.16 Rainwater Harvesting Needed on Sequent Peak ............................... 37

Figure V.17 Detail of rainwater harvesting system .............................................. 39

Figure V.18 Detail of pump .................................................................................. 40

Figure V.19 Curent of Pipes ................................................................................. 41

Figure V.20 Detail of solar panel .......................................................................... 42

Figure V.21 Example of 1 package of solar cell on the market ............................ 42

xii

LIST OF FORMULA

Formula III.1 Algebra Average Method .............................................................. 14

Formula III.2 Thiessen Method ............................................................................ 14

Formula III.3 Isohyet Method ............................................................................... 15

Formula III.4 RAPS Method................................................................................. 16

Formula III.5 Volume of rainwater harvesting ..................................................... 17

Formula III.6 Ripple Mass Curve Method ............................................................ 18

xiii

LIST OF ABBREVIATION

Sta. : Station

BBWS : Balai Besar Wilayah Sungai

RAPS : Rescaled Adjusted Partial Sums

Q : Discharge

M : Meter

Mm

Lt

:

:

Millimeter

Liter

xiv

LIST OF ATTACHMENT

Attachment I Rainfall Data of Pabelan

Attachment II Rainfall Data of Munggur

Attachment III Rainfall Data of Palur

Attachment IV Rainfall Data of Masaran