Six Sigma Jason Cumins
Jan 19, 2016
Six SigmaJason Cumins
OverviewWhat is Six Sigma?History of Six SigmaSix Sigma MethodologiesThe roles of Six SigmaSix Sigma and CMMIBenefits and Issues of Six Sigma
What is Six Sigma?A quality improvement approach to ANY
company’s product/processData driven approach for eliminating
defectsSix standard deviations between the
mean and the nearest specification limit
What does Six Sigma do?Six Sigma means the process produces
3.4 defects per one million opportunities
Sigma level
Sigma (with 1.5σ shift)
DPMOPercent defectiv
e
Percentage yield
Short-term Cpk
Long-term Cpk
1 -0.5 691,462 69% 31% 0.33 –0.17
2 0.5 308,538 31% 69% 0.67 0.17
3 1.5 66,807 6.7% 93.3% 1.00 0.5
4 2.5 6,210 0.62% 99.38% 1.33 0.83
5 3.5 233 0.023% 99.977% 1.67 1.17
6 4.5 3.4 0.00034%
99.99966% 2.00 1.5
7 5.5 0.019 0.0000019%
99.9999981% 2.33 1.83
History of Six SigmaMotorola 1985GE 1995Extremely popular now
Roles of Six Sigma
Roles of Six SigmaGreen BeltBlack BeltMaster Black BeltChampionSponsor
Green BeltsLowest level of the Six Sigma team other
than team membersLower level management A few weeks of in class trainingIn charge of small projects or part of a
Black Belts project
Black BeltsNext level of the Six Sigma teamTakes on large and difficult projectsAt least a months worth of in class
trainingHelps guide Green BeltsOfficially certified
Master Black BeltsMust be certified Able to train and coach othersGenerally has a lot of experience
ChampionsSenior level executivesSolves issues between Black Belts and
sponsorsMust have a high-level understanding of
Six SigmaActively leads company to fully implement
Six Sigma
SponsorsSimilar to championsSponsor overall six sigma initiative Generally high-level executive
Six Sigma MethodologiesTwo main methodologiesDMAICDMADV or DFSS(“Designs for Six Sigma”)
DMAICUsed for improving existing processGenerally easier projects Uses Green Belts
DMAICDefineMeasureAnalyzeImproveControl
Define“Critical to Quality” areasProcesses that are involvedScopeForm a teamCreate a project charterDetermine requirements
Define Tool (SIPOC)
MeasureCollect data on current processesUnderstand why defects are createdMake sure data is valid
AnalyzeIdentify ways to improve the processFind the root of poor sigma performanceIdentify sources of variationDecide on which areas need to be
improved on
ImprovePropose a large number of solutions Create tests and evaluate solutionsCreate an implementation plan
ControlImplement the plan determined from the
last phaseFocus on maintaining the six sigma
performanceTrain staff in the new process
DMADVAlso known as Design for Six Sigma(DFSS)Similar to DMAIC Create an entirely new processExtremely challengingUses Master or Regular Black Belts
Define, Measure, AnalyzeFirst three phases are the same as DMAICDefine the projectMeasure the expectationsAnalyze the data and figure out
alternative solutions
DesignImplement solutions and create a
prototypeNecessity that critical to quality factors
are accounted forCarry out detailed design
VerifyMake sure Design phase fits all
requirementsCritical to quality areas have great
performance
Six Sigma and CMMIIt is not a competitor to CMMIUse Six Sigma with CMMI can help
improve Maturity levels
Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI) OverviewProcess improvement for software
developmentDefined by its maturity levels: Initial,
Repeatable, Defined, Quantitatively Managed, and Optimizing
Direct Correlations with CMMIQuantitative Process Management and
Casual Analysis & Resolution
Integration with CMMIStart using CMMI to create processes
based off the communityImplement Six Sigma to optimizeSix Sigma reinforces mission focus and
extremely supportive of CMMI implementation
Benefits of Six SigmaAverage Black Belt saves the company
$230,000Positive results for Motorola, General
Electric(GE), and Allied Signal/HoneywellExtremely efficient production processRapid process improvement
methodologies
Issues with Six SigmaIf not fully committed it just doesn’t workRequires a large amount of trainingManagers must be active and have the
ability to lead complicated projects
Questions?
ReferencesIdeal Meadia LLC. i Six Sigma. Retrieved
3/08/2012. <http://www.isixsigma.com/> Siviy, Jeannine; Penn, M. Lynn; Harper, Erin.
“Relationships Between CMMI and Six Sigma”. Software Engineering Institute 2005. Retrieved 3/08/2012. <http://www.sei.cmu.edu/>
Franza, Richard; Chakravorty, Satya. “Design for Six Sigma(DFSS): A Case Study”. Kennesaw State University, Dept. of Management and Entrepreneurship 2007. Retrieved 3/10/2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
ReferencesCatherwood, Philip. “Champions of the cause”.
Waterton Technol. Centre, UK 2005. Retrieved 3/12/2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
Pan, Zhedan; Baik, Jongmoon. “A Six Sigma Framework for Software Process Improvements and its Implementation”. Asia-Pacific Software Engineering Conference. Retrieved 3/12/2012. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/
Aveta Business Institute. Six Sigma Online. Retrieved 3/14/2012. <http://www.sixsigmaonline.org>