Six Sigma Six Sigma Overview Overview

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

(Changing to Excellence)

Six SigmaSix Sigma

Overview Overview

(Using Data to Drive Decision)

LEAN(Aiming for Perfection)Michael Elias

Lean Deployment Leader

(Using Data to Drive Decision)Six SigmaSix Sigma

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

NYGH’s Improvement System (one slide)

Overview of Six Sigma

Comparing & Contrasting Lean and Six Sigma

Agenda

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Quality x Acceptance = Effectiveness

Effective Results

Effective Effective ResultsResultsSix Sigma

MethodologySix Sigma Six Sigma

MethodologyMethodology

Project Management, PDSAProject Management, PDSAProject Management, PDSA

LeanLeanLean

Change Management

Change Change ManagementManagement

The Effectiveness (E) of the result is equal to the Quality (Q)of the solution times the Acceptance (A) of the idea

A proven formula for resultsA proven formula for results

The NYGH Improvement System

Norman R. F. Maier, The Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, Vol. 1, No. 4, 373-386 (1965) GE Medical Systems Performance Solutions, General Electric Co. 2003

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Creating a Shared Need

Mobilizing Commitment?

Changing Culture and Structure?

Quality x Acceptance = Effectiveness

The “A” Side of The Equation

Change ManagementChange Management

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

The “A” Side of The EquationLeading Change

Changing Systems & Structures

CurrentState

TransitionState

ImprovedState

Creating A Shared Need

Shaping A Vision

Mobilizing Commitment

Making Change Last

Monitoring Progress

Change Acceleration Process, GE Medical Systems Performance Solutions, General Electric Co. 2003

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

What is Six Sigma?

What’s the Goal?

What’s the Impact on Culture?

Quality x Acceptance = Effectiveness

The “Q” Side of The Equation

Six SigmaSix Sigma

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

As Old as ScienceAs Old as Science

How Old Is Science?How Old Is Science?

Really Old

Six Sigma: New or Old?

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Six Sigma is..

..an exercise in the scientific method

Attributes Include:• Hypothesizing• Observing• Statistical Correlations• Measurable Evidence• Experimentation/Testing• Formulation of Theories

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Side By Side

Determine what the customer Determine what the customer values as Critical to Quality.values as Critical to Quality.

DefineDefine

Establish a method for measuring those Establish a method for measuring those things that impact those things critical to things that impact those things critical to qualityquality

MeasureMeasure

Determine how far the gap is Determine how far the gap is between what the patient wants and between what the patient wants and what the process is able to provide. what the process is able to provide.

AnalyzeAnalyze

Work on the right problem and Work on the right problem and meandmeand the gap. the gap.

ImproveImprove

Ensure that the gap never occurs Ensure that the gap never occurs again again

ControlControl

Six Sigma (DMAIC)Six Sigma (DMAIC)Scientific MethodScientific Method

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Six Sigma: PhilosophyMeasure of Quality:Measure of Quality:

Six Sigma is a statistical measure expressing how close a service comes to meeting it’s quality goals

The Goal:The Goal:To achieve superior quality

•Quantitatively, this means that the average process generates less than 3.4 defects per million opportunities.

Culturally:Culturally:This means we need to learn how to be nearly flawless in executing our key processes

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Six SigmaSix Sigmaas it applies to as it applies to

HappyHappy MarriageMarriage

Wife = Customer

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

UpperCustomer

Specification

LowerCustomer

Specification

Wife so Happy

She Can’t Think

Straight

Wife Divorces Husband

Customer Specification

Happy WifeHappy Wife

MeanMean

Not So HappyNot So Happy Too HappyToo Happy

Wife Content &

Happy

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Plot The Bell Curve

Wife so Happy She Can’t Think

Straight

Good EnoughGood Enough

Wife Divorces Husband

MeanMean

Not So GoodNot So Good Too GoodToo Good

Every Human Activity Has Variability...Every Human Activity Has Variability...

UpperCustomer

Specification

LowerCustomer

Specification

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Wife so Happy She Can’t Think

Straight

Wife Divorces Husband

MeanMean

11 22 33 44 55 7766 88 99-9-9 -8-8 -7-7 -6-6 -5-5 -3-3-4-4 -2-2 -1-1

Attack and Eliminate The Variation...

SqueezeSqueezeSqueeze

Reducing variability is the essence of Six SigmaReducing variability is the essence of Six Sigma

The Basic Idea of Six Sigma

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

MeanMean

11 22 33 44 55 66-6-6 -5-5 -3-3-4-4 -2-2 -1-1

A “6 Sigma” Process

What does it mean to have a 6 Sigma process?

It means that my wife is willing to accept It means that my wife is willing to accept 3.4 mistakes per 3.4 mistakes per MILLION CHANCESMILLION CHANCES

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

• Addresses an important business objective

• Data driven

• Team drives the project

• Black Belt leads the team and acts as a Six Sigma Technical Resource

• Average time to completion 4 months to 1 year

What is a Six Sigma Project?

Large and Complex UndertakingLarge and Complex Undertaking

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Side By Side Comparison

Agenda

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Lean & Six Sigma

1) Lean does not address bringing a process under statistical control

2) Six Sigma cannot, alone address improving the speed of process

Fusing Lean and Six Sigma is Required for Two Reasons….

George, L Michael: Lean Six Sigma, McGraw-Hill: 2002

Quality Oriented

Speed Oriented

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Integrating Lean Into The Six Sigma

Determine what the customer Determine what the customer values as Critical to Quality.values as Critical to Quality.

DefineDefine

Establish a method for measuring those Establish a method for measuring those things that impact those things critical to things that impact those things critical to qualityquality

MeasureMeasure

Determine how far the gap is Determine how far the gap is between what the patient wants and between what the patient wants and what the process is able to provide. what the process is able to provide.

AnalyzeAnalyze

Work on the right problem and Work on the right problem and meand the gap. meand the gap.

ImproveImprove

Ensure that the gap never occurs Ensure that the gap never occurs again again

ControlControl

Six SigmaSix Sigma

Use Visual Control System

Use Kaizen To Deliver Improvements

Use Lean Tools to Accelerate

Improvement and to Manage Change

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Preparation Kaizen Follow-up

1 Week 3 Weeks

Integrating Six Sigma Into Lean

DefineDefineVoice of the Customer. Voice of the Customer. CTQCTQ’’ss

AnalyzeAnalyzeLook for statistical correlations & variationLook for statistical correlations & variation

MeasureMeasureConduct Conduct MSAMSA’’ss, strive for rep sample size, strive for rep sample size

ControlControlStatistical Process ControlStatistical Process Control

3 Weeks

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Lean and Six Sigma

Six SigmaSix Sigma LeanLeanGoal Identifies and eliminates complex

sources of variabilityEliminates simpler sources of variability and creates flow by

eliminating wasteTargets 85%--90% 20%-50%

Application Where statistical process control is needed

Where standard work is needed

Approach Expert Driven- requires thorough understanding of experimental design

and applied statistics

Front Line Driven-Utilizing the collective wisdom of point of care staff with Lean expertise guiding

Project Selection Source of the variation is unknownNo predetermined solutions exist

Driven by value stream map

Length of Projects

4 months to 1year 1 week to 3 months

Training Technical classroom training/learn by doing

Learn by doing

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

Operational Improvement

As scope and complexity increases, the tactics shift from Lean to Six Sigma

Six Sigma

Lean Six Sigma

Lean

PDSAs, Project Management

Leadership Decisions

+σ6σ5σ4σ3σ2σ1σ0σ- σ

Six Sigma / Lean(Using Data to Drive Decisions)

(Working to Perfection)

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Questions