Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL. 2 Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest NGL recovery processes Case study Cryomax process 0% - 65% ethane.

Simultaneous Productionof LNG and NGL

2Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest

NGL recovery processes

Case study Cryomax process

0% - 65% ethane recovery

Three configurations in LNG train

Operability and reliability considerations

3Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

NGL recovery in LNG plants

Turbo-Expander Scrub columnScheme

30 - 50%OnceC2

90 - 95%SometimesC3

100%SometimesC4

Next stepExisting LNG plants

4Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Ethane

New markets require lean revaporised NG UK Wobbe Index 51.4 MJ/Sm3 (max) ~ 50.8 MJ/Sm3 in Qatar Met with 36% ethane extraction

Ethylene from ethane in Qatar Qatar 2.5 Mtpa in 2008 UK 2.8 Mtpa (all feed stocks) France 3.4 Mtpa (all feed stocks)

5Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest

NGL recovery processes

Case study Cryomax process

0% - 65% ethane recovery

Three configurations in LNG train

Operability and reliability considerations

6Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

NGL recovery processes

Efficient ethane and propane plus extraction Flexibility in ethane recovery Good selectivity - minimal methane in NGL Entrainment tolerant – no heavy ends, ever Resistance to equipment failure Lean gas at high pressure to favour liquefaction

7Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHELEAN GAS

LNG

MRC3R

SCRUBCOLUMN

NGLDRY NG

REFLUX

Conventional scrub column

C3R

NG55 bar-16°C

NG54 bar-35°C

NGL

C3R

8Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHELEAN GAS

SCRUBCOLUMN

NGLDRY NG

OVERHEAD

REFLUX

Scrub column (high recovery)

NG52 bar-65°C

NG55 bar-35°C

NGL

MCHE

LNG

MRC3R

9Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

PRECOOLING LIQUEFACTION MCHE

LEAN GAS

MRC3R

CRYOMAXDUAL

COLUMN NGL RECOVERY

NGLDRY NG

Cryomax

LNG

10Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Demethaniser Reflux

Recovery Tower Reflux

DC1

NGL

RT

PRECOOLEDGAS

LEAN GAS TO MCHE

US Patent 5,291,736

Cryomax - LNG

29 bar36 bar-80°C

11Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest

NGL recovery processes

Case study Cryomax process

0% - 65% ethane recovery

Three configurations in LNG train

Operability and reliability considerations

12Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Cryomax Case Study

Qatar: North Field gas; climate APCI C3/MCR process High LNG capacity (approximately 5 Mtpa)

High natural gas pressures Two GE Frame 7 gas turbines MCHE outlet temperature –148°C Hydraulic turbines for MCR and LNG

Four ethane extraction rates (0-65%) in three configurations

13Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

NG NGL

LNG

“FRONT END”NRU OFF GAS

NGLRECOVERY

LEAN GASCOMPRESSION

NG

“STRADDLE”

C3PRECOOLING

NG NGL

NGL

“MID TRAIN”

Cryomax Unit Location

LNG

NRU OFF GAS

NITROGEN REMOVAL

LNG

NRU OFF GAS

C3PRECOOLING

NGL RECOVERY

NGL RECOVERY

LEAN GAS COMPRESSION

C3 PRECOOLING

NGLIQUEFACTION

NGLIQUEFACTION

NITROGEN REMOVAL

NITROGEN REMOVAL

NGLIQUEFACTION

“Mid train”• Pre-cooled feed• P2 < P1• Simpler• Less power• Less capacity

“Mid train”• Pre-cooled feed• P2 < P1• Simpler• Less power• Less capacity

“Straddle”• Pre-cooled feed• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)

“Straddle”• Pre-cooled feed• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)

“Front End”• Warm natural gas feed• No propane

refrigeration• Driven by lean gascompression• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)

“Front End”• Warm natural gas feed• No propane

refrigeration• Driven by lean gascompression• Inlet = Outlet (P; T)

14Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest

NGL recovery processes

Case study Cryomax process

0% - 65% ethane recovery

Three configurations in LNG train

Operability and reliability considerations

15Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

NGL recovery rates

100%100%100%100%Butane +

1019.01033.81042.01046.6HHV *

Btu/scf

50.550.851.051.1Wobbe *MJ/Sm3

97.7%94.5%95.8%99.0%Propane

65%36%16%1%Ethane

* In LNG tanks in Qatar

16Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Specific power

0.262

0.264

0.266

0.268

0.270

0.272

0.274

0.276

0.278

0.7% 15.6% 36.1% 64.0%

Ethane recovery

Sp

ec

ific

po

we

r (M

Wh

/t)

Target C2Recovery Front end

Mid-train

Straddle

17Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Why NGL with LNG is of increasing interest

NGL recovery processes

Case study Cryomax process

0% - 65% ethane recovery

Three configurations in LNG train

Operability and reliability considerations

18Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Same as “mid-train” scheme LNG quality unchanged 10% to 15% reduction

in throughput

“Straddle” - Lean gas compressor failure

19Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

C3 precooling & lean gas compressor OK Specifications OK except Wobbe 5%-10% reduction

in throughput

“Straddle” - Joule-Thomson Mode

20Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

“Straddle” - Joule-Thomson Mode

-5.4Expander power MW

0.2870.267Sp consumption MW.h/t

51.250.8Wobbe Index MJ/Sm3

7693Propane recovery %

136Ethane recovery %

JT modeExpander

C3 precooling & lean gas compressor OK Specifications OK except Wobbe 5%-10% reduction

in throughput

21Simultaneous Production of LNG and NGL

Conclusions

Ethane and C3/C4 LPG extraction in Qatar meets lean gas specifications directly

The Cryomax process can be adapted to a wide range of ethane recovery requirements

Process efficiency insensitive to extraction rate or location

Cryomax “Straddle” – Efficient and reliable New or existing trains

Technip and Totalthank you for your attention