Siena College Taytay

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

1/9

Abretch Durer

The Rhinoceros

Artist Albrecht Drer

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

2/9

Year 1515

Type woodcut

Dimensions 21.4 cm 29.8 cm (8.4 in 11.7 in)

Location British Museum,London

Drer's Rhinoceros is the name commonly given to awoodcutexecuted by German painter andprintmakerAlbrecht

Drerin 1515.[1]

The image was based on a written description and brief sketch by an unknown artist of anIndian

rhinocerosthat had arrived inLisbonearlier that year. Drer never saw the actualrhinoceros, which was the first living

example seen in Europe sinceRoman times. In late 1515, the King of Portugal,Manuel I, sent the animal as a gift forPope

Leo X, but it died in a shipwreck off the coast of Italy in early 1516. A live rhinoceros was not seen again in Europe until a

second specimen, namedAbada, arrived from India at the court ofSebastian of Portugalin 1577, being later inherited

byPhilip IIof Spain around 1580.[2][3]

Drer's woodcut is not an entirely accurate representation of a rhinoceros. He depicts an animal with hard plates that cover

its body like sheets ofarmour, with agorgetat the throat, a solid-lookingbreastplate, andrivetsalong the seams; he also

places a small twisted horn on its back, and gives it scaly legs and saw-like rear quarters. None of these features is present

in a real rhinoceros.[4][5]

Despite its anatomical inaccuracies, Drer's woodcut became very popular in Europe and was

copied many times in the following three centuries. It was regarded by Westerners as a true representation of a rhinoceros

into the late 18th century. Eventually, it was supplanted by more realistic drawings and paintings, particularly those

ofClara the rhinoceros, who toured Europe in the 1740s and 1750s. It has been said of Drer's woodcut: "probably no

animal picture has exerted such a profound influence on the arts".[6]

Contents

[hide]

1 The rhinoceros

2 Drer's woodcut

3 Notes

4 References

5 External links

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

3/9

Michael Angelo.

Michelangelo

Portrait of Michelangelo byJacopino del Conte(after 1535) at the age

of 60

Birth name Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni

Born 6 March 1475

CapresenearArezzo,Republic of Florence(present-

dayTuscany,Italy)

Died 18 February 1564 (aged 88)

Rome,Papal States(present-dayItaly)

Nationality Italian

Field Sculpture, painting, architecture, and poetry

Training Apprentice toDomenico Ghirlandaio[1]

Movement High Renaissance

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

4/9

Works David,The Creation of Adam,Piet,Sistine Chapel Ceiling

Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti Simoni[1](6 March 1475 18 February 1564), commonly known

as Michelangelo (Italian pronunciation:[mikelandelo]), was anItalianRenaissancesculptor, painter, architect,

poet, and engineer who exerted an unparalleled influence on the development ofWestern art.[2]

Despite making

few forays beyond the arts, his versatility in the disciplines he took up was of such a high order that he is often

considered a contender for the title of the archetypalRenaissance man, along with fellow ItalianLeonardo da

Vinci.

Michelangelo was considered the greatest living artist in his lifetime, and ever since then he has been held to

be one of the greatest artists of all time.[2]

A number of his works in painting, sculpture, and architecture rank

among the most famous in existence.[2]

His output in every field during his long life was prodigious; when the

sheer volume of correspondence, sketches, and reminiscences that survive is also taken into account, he is the

best-documented artist of the 16th century. Two of his best-known works, thePietandDavid, were sculpted

before he turned thirty. Despite his low opinion of painting, Michelangelo also created two of the most influential

works infrescoin the history of Western art: the scenes from Genesis on theceilingandThe Last Judgmenton

the altar wall of theSistine Chapelin Rome. As an architect, Michelangelo pioneered theManneriststyle at

theLaurentian Library. At 74 he succeededAntonio da Sangallo the Youngeras the architect ofSt. Peter's

Basilica. Michelangelo transformed the plan, the western end being finished to Michelangelo's design, the

dome being completed after his death with some modification.

In a demonstration of Michelangelo's unique standing, he was the first Western artist whose biography was

published while he was alive.[3]Two biographies were published of him during his lifetime; one of them,

byGiorgio Vasari, proposed that he was the pinnacle of all artistic achievement since the beginning of

theRenaissance, a viewpoint that continued to have currency in art history for centuries. In his lifetime he was

also often calledIl Divino("the divine one").[4]

One of the qualities most admired by his contemporaries was

his terribilit, a sense of awe-inspiring grandeur, and it was the attempts of subsequent artists to imitate

Michelangelo's impassioned and highly personal style that resulted inMannerism, the next major movement in

Western art after theHigh Renaissance.

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

5/9

Naipinta Ni Michael Angelo

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

6/9

Leonardo Da Vina

Leonardo da VinciFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

"Da Vinci" redirects here. For other uses, seeDa Vinci (disambiguation).

Leonardo da Vinci

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

7/9

Self-portrait in red chalk,Royal Library of Turin

Circa 1512 to 1515[nb 1]

Birth name Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci

Born April 15, 1452

Vinci,Republic of Florence(present-dayItaly)

Died May 2, 1519 (aged 67)

Amboise,Kingdom of France

Nationality Italian

Field Many and diverse fields of the arts and sciences

Movement High Renaissance

Works Mona Lisa

The Last Supper

The Vitruvian Man

Lady with an Ermine

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

8/9

Signature of Leonardo da Vina

Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (Italian pronunciation:[leonardo da vinti] pronunciation(helpinfo)) (April 15,

1452 May 2, 1519,Old Style) was anItalian Renaissancepolymath: painter, sculptor, architect, musician,

mathematician, engineer, inventor, anatomist, geologist,cartographer,botanist, and writer. Hisgenius, perhaps

more than that of any other figure, epitomized the Renaissance humanist ideal. Leonardo has often been

described as the archetype of theRenaissance Man, a man of "unquenchable curiosity" and "feverishly

inventive imagination".[1]

He is widely considered to be one of thegreatestpainters of all time and perhaps the

most diversely talented person ever to have lived.[2]

According to art historianHelen Gardner, the scope and

depth of his interests were without precedent and "his mind and personality seem to us superhuman, the man

himself mysterious and remote".[1]

Marco Rosci states that while there is much speculation about Leonardo, his

vision of the world is essentially logical rather than mysterious, and that the empirical methods he employed

were unusual for his time.[3]

Bornout of wedlockto anotary, Piero da Vinci, and a peasant woman, Caterina, atVinciin the region

ofFlorence, Leonardo was educated in the studio of the renowned Florentine painter,Verrocchio. Much of his

earlier working life was spent in the service ofLudovico il MoroinMilan. He later worked

inRome,BolognaandVenice, and he spent his last years in France at the home awarded him byFrancis I.

Leonardo was and is renowned

[2]

primarily as a painter. Among his works, theMona Lisais the most famousand most parodied portrait[4]andThe Last Supperthe most reproduced religious painting of all time, with their

fame approached only byMichelangelo'sThe Creation of Adam.[1]

Leonardo's drawing of theVitruvian Manis

also regarded as acultural icon,[5]

being reproduced on items as varied as the euro, textbooks, and T-shirts.

Perhaps fifteen of his paintings survive, the small number because of his constant, and frequently disastrous,

experimentation with new techniques, and his chronic procrastination.[nb 2]

Nevertheless, these few works,

together with his notebooks, which contain drawings, scientific diagrams, and his thoughts on the nature of

painting, compose a contribution to later generations of artists rivalled only by that of his

contemporary,Michelangelo.

Leonardo is revered[2]

for his technological ingenuity. He conceptualised ahelicopter, atank,

concentratedsolar power, a calculator,[6]

and thedouble hull, and he outlined a rudimentary theory ofplate

tectonics. Relatively few of his designs were constructed or were even feasible during his lifetime,[nb 3]

but some

of his smaller inventions, such as an automatedbobbinwinder and a machine for testing thetensile strengthof

wire, entered the world of manufacturing unheralded.[nb 4]

He made important discoveries inanatomy,civil

7/29/2019 Siena College Taytay

9/9

engineering,optics, andhydrodynamics, but he did not publish his findings and they had no direct influence on

later science.[7]

Mona Lisa