Short Study on spectroscopy

GOOD MORNING

Chelioscopy & Palatoscopy

INTRODUCTION

Human identification is one of the most

challenging subjects that man has been

confronted with. Human identification is

based on scientific principles, mainly

involving dental records, fingerprints

and DNA comparisons. Sometimes, it

becomes necessary to apply lesser known

and unusual techniques like chelioscopy

and palatoscopy.

Chelioscopy- The wrinkles and grooves on the labial mucosa (called sulci labiorum) form a characteristic pattern called "lip prints," the study of which is referred to as cheiloscopy.

Palatoscopy or Rugoscopy- Palatal rugae are irregular, asymmetric ridges of the mucous membrane extending laterally from the incisive papilla and the anterior part of the median palatal raphe. Rugoscopy, the study of palatal rugae

Aims Of The Study

To study the lip groove patterns in all the quadrants of both male & female subjects of age group between 18 to 40 years.

To identify the sex determination based on the patterns of the grooves of the lip prints.

To study rugae pattern of both male &female subject of age group between 18 to 40 years

To identify the sex determination based on rugae pattern

To compare the reliability of cheioloscopy & palatoscopy in human identification

Objectives Of The Study

To study and record quadrant wise lip groove patterns in male and female subjects between the age group of 18 to 40 years of age.

To identify the predominant lip groove patterns in each quadrant of male and female subjects separately between the age group of 18 to 40 years of age.

To study rugae patterns and lip print patterns to establish their use in human identification and sex determination.

To evaluate the comparative reliability of chelioscopy and palatoscopy in human identification and sex determination.

INCLUSION CRITERIA & EXCLUSION CRITERIA INCLUSION CRITERIA Lip prints of both upper and lower lips will included in the

study. Lip prints will be recorded in both males and females

subjects of age group between 18 to 40 years. All subjects free of congenital abnormalities,

inflammation, trauma or orthodontic treatment are included for the study.

    EXCLUSION CRITERIA Subjects with:- Inflammation ,Trauma Malformation

Deformity Surgical scars, Ulcers, Burns, Other abnormalities of the lips.

severe malocclusions, palatal asymmetries and history of surgery for cleft Subjects palate and alveolus.

MATERIALS AND METHODS:

SOURCE OF DATA: 150males and 150 females

CHELIOSCOPY A dark coloured lipstick is applied with a single stroke,

evenly on the vermilion border. The subjects are asked to rub both the lips to evenly spread the applied lip stick. After about two minutes, a lip impression is made on a glass slide with centre part of the lip dabbed first then pressing to the left & right corner of lips. This serves as a permanent record. The impression is subsequently visualized with the use of a magnifying lens. The number of lines and furrows present, their length, branching and combinations are noted. The lip prints obtained are coded, while noting the name and sex of the respective individuals. At the time of analysis the sex of the print is not disclosed.

suzuki & tsuchihashi

classification

Grove type

Type 1 Complete Vertical

Type 2 Incomplete Vertical

Type 3 Branched

Type 4 Intersected

Type 5 Reticular Pattern

Type 6 Irregular

PALATOSCOPY To record palatal rugae, alginate impressions of the

maxillary arch will be made and poured with dental stone. A dental plaster base is made and casts are preserved for interpretation. The outline of the rugae is traced on these casts using a sharp graphite pencil under adequate light. The palatal rugae patterns are then analyzed on these casts with the help of magnifying lens, using the classification given by Thomas et al (1983

Results

LIP PATTERN AMONG MALES

LIP PATTERN AMONG FEMALES

COMPARISON OF LIP PATTERN AMONG MALES AND FEMALES

RUGAE PATTERN AMONG MALES RUGAE PATTERN AMONG FEMALES

COMPARISON OF RUGAE PATTERN AMONG MALES AND FEMALES

Discussion . Cheiloscopy is a relatively new field among

the large number of identification tools available to the forensic expert. Work on this subject has already elicited useful information such as that lip prints are unique to an individual and can be used to fix the identity of a person; that they remain stable over time and that lip prints show gender differences. [6, 8, 9] The present study revealed that the middle portion of the lower lip shows Type 2 (reticular) as the predominant type Further work on the subject can help to make cheiloscopy a practical reality at the ground level of the forensic identification process.

The palatal rugae like fingerprints do not change during the life of the individual, are protected from trauma and high temperatures for its internal position in the oral cavity, surrounded and protected by lips, cheeks, tongue,

teeth and bone, also prosthetic devices are not affected. Once formed, only changed in its length, due to normal growth, staying in the same position throughout the life of a person. Even disease, trauma or chemical attack seem able to change the shape of the palatal rugae (Almeida et al.). There are different ways to analyze the palatal rugae. Intraoral inspection is probably the most used and most easily and economically method. However, this can create difficulties if a future comparative review is required. A more

detailed and accurate, and the need to preserve evidence may

justify the use of photographs or impressions (Utsuno et al.,

2005). While observing the shape of the rugae is a subjective

process, it is relatively easy to record and does not require

complex instrumentation. In this study, the palatal rugae most commonly were the sinuous and curves, representing 72.5% of the

total

population, which coincides with that observed in Caucasian

andAboriginal Australians (Kapali et al., 1997), and in two

populations Indies (Preethi et al., 2007). These results suggest

the utility and easy to compare the reproducibility of palatal

rugae for human identification, in both edentulous

Conclusion

Identification of living or dead people is ofen a difficult challenging & time consuming process

Both cheiloscopy & palatoscopy are unique to an individual ,thus their use in forensic

identification is fairly justified. Both cheiloscopy & palatoscopy are rather simple techniques

not requiring any complex instrument .While cheiloscopy is useful to identify the living

& palatoscopy has been succcessfully used in necroidentification.

REFERENCES:

1. A.P.Indira, Gupta M, David P.M,[2012].Palatal rugae for Establishing individuality. J. F .Den .Sciences2012,

2. Sharma P, Saxena S, and Rathod V . comparative reliability of Cheiloscopy &palatoscopy in human identification. Indian J Dent Res. 2009; 20[4]

3. Hermosilla VV, San Pendro VJ, Cantin LM, Suazo GIC.Palatal Ruga: Systematic analysis of its shape and dimensions for use in human identification. Int.J.Morphology.2009; 27(3):819-82.

4. Augustine J, Barpande SR, Tupkari JV. Chelioscopy as an adjunct to forensic identification: A study of 600 individuals. J. Forensic odontostomatology. 2008; 27:44-52.

5. Hauser H, Daponte A, Roberb MJ. Palatal rugae. J.Anat. 1989; 165:237-249.

  6. Paliwal A, Wanjari S, Parwani R. Palatal rugoscopy: Establishing

identity. J Forensic Dent Sci. 2010; 2:27-31. 

THANKYOU