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CO
NT
EN
TS
Shalom Magazine for the Alumni of MASHAV Training Courses is
published by Haigud - Transfer of Technology for Development.
Haigud, a government company and non-profit organization,
serves
as the financial and administrative arm of MASHAV, and functions
as a
professional unit to assist in the implementation of MASHAV
activities.
MASHAVIsrael’s Agency for International
Development Cooperation
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
State of Israel
CONTENTS
1 FROM THE DESK OF THE HEAD OF MASHAVDANIEL CARMON
3 THE GOLDA MEIR MOUNT CARMEL INTERNATIONAL TRAINING CENTER
CELEBRATES ITS JUBILEE!
MAZAL RENFORD AND YVONNE LIPMAN
7 GREEN ECONOMY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY
ERADICATIONILAN FLUSS
11 WHERE THERE’S A WILL THERE’S A WAYINTRODUCING CHANGE IN EARLY
CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN
KUMASI, GHANA
AVIVA BEN HEFER AND JANETTE HIRSCHMAN
15 EMPOWERING SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ETHIOPIA USAID-MASHAV-MOA
JOINT TECHNICAL PROGRAM
DR. AVIHAI ILAN
18 DEVELOPING THE HUMAN RESOURCE: YOUNG LEADERS OF ECUADOR
CAROLINA DÁVILA EGÜEZ AND MARCO DÁVILA ALARCÓN
21 UPGRADING EMERGENCY MEDICAL INFRASTRUCTURES AVNIT RIFKIN
26 THE PHILIPPINE-ISRAEL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL TRAINING
SHAIKE STERN AND NAVOT HAKLAY
28 A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO SLUM UPGRADING YOSSI OFFER
30 SHALOM CLUBS
32 MASHAV NEWS
39 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
MASHAV - ISRAEL’S AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
COOPERATION
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FR
OM
TH
E DE
SK O
F TH
E HE
AD O
F MA
SH
AV
fter serving my country as Ambassador and Deputy Permanent
Representative at Israel’s Mission to the United Nations in New
York
and returning back home, it is a great pleasure for me to
address you in my new
capacity as Deputy Director General of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and Head of
MASHAV, Israel’s Agency for International Development
Cooperation.
For over 53 years, MASHAV has been promoting projects all over
the world focusing on the centrality of human resources enrichment
and institutional
capacity building in the area of development. It is very
exciting to join this effort and become part of an extraordinary
professional mechanism committed to
cooperation throughout the developing world.
MASHAV is dedicated to providing developing countries with the
best of Israel’s experience in development and planning. As a
country which has gone
through the process of switching from an underdeveloped state in
the 1950s to a
recent membership in the OECD, we feel we can share with others
our firsthand
experience in development.
In recent years, Israel has intensified its commitment in
international cooperation and its involvement in international
development diplomacy. That is why in December 2007, during my
tenure at the UN, Israel initiated a resolution on
Agricultural Technology for Development which enjoyed an
overwhelming support
from the international community, in which the United Nations
General Assembly
From left to right: Ambassador Daniel Carmon, Head of MASHAV;
Mr. Sha Zukang,
UN Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs;
Israeli Minister of
Agriculture and Rural Development, Ms. Orit Noked; and Mr. Ilan
Fluss Director of
MASHAV’s Policy Planning and External Relations Department,
during the joint Israel-
UN DESA High-Level Expert Group Meeting on Using Green
Agriculture to Stimulate
Economic Growth and Eradicate Poverty
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called upon member states to make greater efforts to promote the
development
and transfer of appropriate technologies. Let me take this
opportunity, this time
as the Head of MASHAV, to reaffirm my commitment to continue
expanding our
technical cooperation programs in the coming years, for the
benefit of those who
need it most.
A large part of the world is facing severe long-term development
challenges aggravated by the climate, economic, food and energy
crises. Often, our attention is
preoccupied with more immediate crises, and long-term challenges
are put on the
back-burner. Yet, for many countries, they are an urgent matter.
We must therefore
reach out to ensure social, economic and environmental
sustainable development,
joining the international community’s efforts to implement the
Millennium
Development Goals and providing a better livelihood for millions
of people around
the world. MASHAV will definitely be part of this effort!
Sincerely,
AMBASSADOR DANIEL CARMONHead of MASHAV
Israel’s Agency for International
Development Cooperation
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Ambassador Carmon (right) and Israel’s Ambassador to Ethiopia
Oded Ben-Haim
(center) visiting a Micro-propagation laboratory within the
framework of
MASHAV-USAID-MoARD cooperation program
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2
MAZAL RENFORD AND YVONNE LIPMAN
he year 2011 marked the 50th anniversary of the Golda Meir Mount
Carmel International
Training Center (MCTC) – the first training extension operated
by MASHAV – Israel’s
Agency for International Development Cooperation. MCTC was
designed for women
specializing in topics of socio-economic advancement, and was
one of the first training
centers in the world in that area of expertise.
MCTC’s establishment was the result of the conviction of Golda
Meir, then Foreign Minister of the young State of Israel, that her
country, with all its recent experience as a new state,
was in a particularly useful position to offer meaningful
assistance to women leaders in the
newly independent African and Asian states, to help them advance
the situation of women
in their countries.
Golda Meir had two strong women supporting her in her effort:
Inga Thorsson, Ambassador of Sweden to Israel at that time, and
Mina Ben-Zvi, a dynamic Israeli leader, who became
MCTC’s Founding Director, a position she held for over 25 years.
Indeed, Mina Ben-Zvi’s
spirit, energy and personality are reflected in the reputation
the Center holds today.
Thanks to the efforts of these three women, in May 1961, 66
women participants from African, Asian and Mediterranean countries
met in Haifa, Israel, to discuss “The Role of Women in a Developing
Society”. The seminar culminated in a signed declaration proposing
“establishing a center in Israel … promoting future national and
international activities for the advancement of women.” The Mount
Carmel Training Center opened its doors in Haifa as the result of
that six-week seminar.
Golda Meir (who later became Prime Minister of Israel, 1969-74)
believed that women should “make the most of (themselves) by
fanning the tiny, inner sparks of possibility into flames of
achievement.”
True to Ms. Meir’s philosophy, MCTC encourages the development
of women’s leadership, through its training activities. Biennial
international conferences are held for women leaders
around the world, and in May 2011, exactly 50 years after the
Mount Carmel Center opened,
it celebrated its the jubilee at its 27th biennial International
Women Leaders’ Conference,
under the auspices of MASHAV and in cooperation with its
international partner, UNESCO.
The 2011 Conference topic was Science, Technology and
Innovation: Education and Training for Women and Girls. It was
intended for approximately 50 women leaders, active at senior
policy-making level – ministers, MPs, professionals from the
scientific and
academic world, as well as senior officials working in NGOs and
international and United
Nations specialized agencies in developing and industrialized
countries.
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1961-2011 THE GOLDA MEIR MOUNT CARMEL INTERNATIONAL TRAINING
CENTERCELEBRATES ITS JUBILEE!
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Its objectives were to advance the situation of women in
science, technology, innovation, exploring:
the availability of scientific and technological education
and training to women;
“the ideal of equality of educational opportunity without
regard to race, sex” (UNESCO’s Constitution, Article 2 (b),
1945);
attaining gender parity for women working in the areas
of science, technology and innovations at all levels;
ways of strengthening collaboration among nations
and international organizations through education and
training, research and development in science and
technology.
In addition to knowledge-sharing on topics concerning women in
science, technology, and innovation, the
Conference provided an excellent networking opportunity
with relevant stakeholders in the developing world and
internationally.
Two of the world’s highest-ranking women – the Director-General
of UNESCO, Irina Bokova, and the Deputy
Secretary-General of the United Nations, Dr. Asha-Rose
Migiro – took part in the Conference Opening Ceremony,
underlining the respect MCTC holds today in the world of
international development cooperation.
Each of the two leaders paid tribute to the impact MCTC has had
on the world of adult education in development.
Ms. Bokova described MCTC’s education as a “development
multiplier”, which provided “individuals and societies with the
tools to respond to change and make the most of it”. Dr. Migiro
recognized MCTC’s significant contribution to the
status of women in the developing world, saying that the
participants in the Conference were: “proof that the world
can change for the better – that efforts to ensure equality
between women and men can produce real progress. All of
this makes you powerful examples for others.”
H.E. Prof. Daniel Hershkowitz, Israel’s Minister of Science and
Technology, brought congratulations to MCTC on behalf
of the government of Israel. He noted that the only way
to bridge gaps is by talking, and stated that “the ultimate
universal language is that of science and technology.”
In brief 10-15 minute presentations, each distinguished speaker
– from Argentina, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria,
Cameroon, China, Ecuador, Ethiopia, France, Georgia,
Honduras, Israel, Kosovo, Lithuania, the Maldives, Mexico,
New Zealand, Romania, Slovakia, South Africa, Spain, Sri
Lanka and Vietnam, and representatives of the National
Innovation Fund (Kazakhstan), Save the Children Norway
and UNECE – presented her case, offering persuasive
figures, examples or arguments emphasizing the lack of
equity in opportunities for the development of a scientific
career for women, or inequality in access to decision-
making sites in research institutions. Equally distinguished
participants from Bhutan, El Salvador, Italy, Japan, Kenya,
Myanmar, Nepal, the Palestinian Authority, Thailand and
UNESCO participated in the debate. The exchange of
experiences after three intense days of discussion was
unified in a new proposal which the participants named
the Declaration of Haifa.
This comprehensive document incorporates a call to governments,
international organizations and other stakeholders to ensure that
the crucial and central place of women and girls in education for
science and technology is promoted, developed and expanded.
Conference participants were given the responsibility of
disseminating the Declaration widely and implementing its
recommendations.
Conference delegate Ms. Stella Tamang speaking
on behalf of all past participants
(From left to right) Dr. Asha-Rose Migiro, UN Deputy
Secretary-General; MCTC Director Mazal Renford and Irina
Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO
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As part of the conference program the participants toured higher
education facilities for science and technology
in Israel, the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology,
the University of Haifa, the Robert H. Smith Faculty
of Agriculture, Food and Environment of the Hebrew
University, Rehovot Campus, and the Weizmann Institute of
Science. In these institutions the international
participants
met charismatic women professors and researchers, who
shared with them some of Israel’s breakthrough work in
different fields and the ways in which Israeli girls and
women are encouraged to follow a scientific and technical
path. (See box: “Some Israeli Models”.)
Nor were festivities marking the occasion of MCTC’s jubilee
overlooked. In Jerusalem, a delightful reception
was held in honor of the delegates, at the Ministry of
Foreign Affairs, celebrating the issue of a postage stamp
to mark 50 years of MCTC. This special ceremony was
held in the presence of Mr. Danny Ayalon, Deputy Foreign
Minister, Mr. Rafi Barak, MFA Director-General, and Head
of MASHAV, Ambassador Haim Divon. Conference delegate
Ms. Stella Tamang, who attended an MCTC training activity
in 1978-9 as a recently qualified teacher and is now
Founder and Principal of Bhrikuti School in Nepal, spoke
on behalf of all past participants, stating that “the
training
I received at the Mount Carmel Center was so meaningful
and appropriate…. You touched the hearts and minds of
millions of women all over the world.”
Ms. Tamang’s moving words illustrated the point that over 35
years of advocacy and activism for women’s
empowerment and gender equality has shown that,
unless a deliberate effort is made at the very top of the
policy-making chain to address gender inequalities, policy
commitments in this area as they relate to education
(whether formal or non-formal) do not lead to meaningful
redistributions of knowledge, resources and wealth that
also benefit women and girls.
Sixteen years after the Beijing Declaration 11 years after the
Dakar Framework for Action and 12 years after
the World Conference on Science, it is clear that many
obstacles still remain with regard to women’s and girls’
access science and technology education and the ability to
participate in it, take an active part in the definition and
implementation of research and development agendas
and fully benefit from the outputs of science and
innovation.
The MCTC/MASHAV/UNESCO 2011 International Women Leaders’
Conference provided a great opportunity for
women in high positions to meet together to review this
situation for women in science, technology and innovation
across the entire world. In the words of Prof. Graziela
Elena
Vâjial, Secretary of State and President of the National
Anti-Doping Agency of Romania, and Dr. Meglena
Plugtschieva, Deputy Chairperson of the Commission for EU
Affairs of the Bulgarian Parliament, it was “an opportunity
to establish some connections with the most powerful
women in the whole world” and share their experiences.
They were able to gain “a first-hand insight to the Israeli
centers of scientific thought and achievements.”
Deputy Foreign Minister, Danny Ayalon, unveiling MCTC’s
commemorative stamp
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Israeli M
od
els P
rom
otin
g W
om
en
in S
cien
ce &
Tech
nolo
gy
The National Council for Advancement of
Women in Science and Technology, established
in 2000. It coordinates the state, public, non-
profit and private bodies that work towards the
advancement of women in science, coordinates
all Israeli programs with the European Union
and increases public awareness about the
problems and issues women face with regard to
working or studying sciences;
ORT Young Women for the 21st Century, created
by Israel’s first certified female pilot, Yael Rom, a
program which improves teaching and learning
methods among teachers and pupils;
GES project: Girls to Engineering Studies,
a program designed to increase the level and
number of girls who study mathematics and
physics in high school, with the goal of reaching
the required level to enter engineering studies
in university;
The Future Generation of Hi-Tech, an initiative
of the Forum of Female Industrialists of the
Manufacturers’ Association. Its goals are
to encourage women to choose a career in
science and technology and to encourage
students, especially girls, to study science and
technology in high school;
Israel Women’s Network, in cooperation with
the Ministry of Education, with programs that
advance the standing of women and fight
gender stereotypes in the education system;
The National Institute for Technological & Hi-
Tech Training (NITT), which has completed a
national survey drawing conclusions on how
more girls and women would be attracted
to studying and working in the sciences and
technologies;
The Forum for the Advancement of Women
in Academia – a group of women professors
from Israeli research universities and colleges,
who have the goal of placing gender equality
at the forefront of university agendas by
creating programs that support women in
graduate studies and by lobbying for increased
participation of women in decision-making
positions in higher institutions of education;
Day care for female graduate students and
more flexible working hours for mothers in
many institutions of academic studies and
higher learning;
A variety of scholarship programs for women
undergraduates and graduates within the
Ministry of Science, Culture and Sport, the
Ministry of Science and Technology, the
Weizmann Institute of Science and the Technion,
as the Conference participants were able to see
and hear for themselves on their visits to these
institutes of higher education;
The inspection of all school textbooks by the
Ministry of Education for gender stereotyping
since 2009.
Israel has developed many programs over the years, both
governmental and non-governmental,
working towards the advancement of women in science and
technology and encouraging the
education of girls in these fields. These programs are
implemented through Israeli universities,
high schools and the employment sector. They include:
Through these different programs, Israel has the experience of
promoting women in science
and technology, understanding that the role of women in science,
technology and innovation is
imperative for all aspects of development.
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he United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20)
will convene
in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in June 2012. As mandated by UN
General Assembly
Resolution 64/236, the principal objective of the Conference is
to secure renewed political
commitment for sustainable development; to assess progress made
to date and consider
remaining gaps in the implementation of agreed commitments; and
to address new and
emerging challenges. The Conference will also consider two
important themes: Green
Economy in the Context of Sustainable Development and Poverty
Eradication, and the
Institutional Framework for Sustainable Development.
With green economy now firmly established on the international
policy agenda, it is important to review and clarify the linkages
between a green economy and sustainable
development.
Sustainable development is the management and conservation of
natural resources and the introduction of technological and
institutional change to ensure meeting basic
human needs for present and future generations. It emphasizes a
holistic, equitable
and far-sighted approach to decision-making at all levels and
rests on integration and a
balanced consideration of social, economic and environmental
goals and objectives in both
public and private decision-making. Such sustainable development
(in the agricultural,
forestry and fisheries sectors) conserves land, water, plant and
animal genetic resources, is
environmentally non-degrading, technically appropriate,
economically viable and socially
acceptable.
The concept of green economy focuses primarily on the
intersection between environment and economy. Although the concept
has no internationally agreed definition,
all stakeholders concur with the fact that green economy implies
“doing more/better with
less.” The main hypothesis is that the environmental and social
goals of a green economy
can also generate increases in income, growth and enhanced
well-being. The concept of
a green economy does not replace sustainable development but is
a means to achieve
sustainability, not only ecologically and economically, but also
socially.
The pursuit of economic growth and the drive towards
ever-increasing consumption has had devastating impacts on the
global environment, exploiting natural resources with little
regard for environmental impact, and valuing short-term
financial gains over the long-term
benefits of preserving some of our most precious and valuable
ecosystems. The Millennium
Ecosystem Assessment concludes that in the past 50 years, “human
beings have changed
ecosystems more rapidly and extensively than in any comparable
period in human history.”
The report states that the level of ecosystem degradation, if
left unchecked, poses a major
threat to the wellbeing of future generations.
GREEN ECONOMY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND POVERTY
ERADICATION
ILAN FLUSS
THE WRITER IS DIRECTOR OF MASHAV’S POLICY PLANNING AND
EXTERNALRELATIONS DEPARTMENT
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There are a number of options for reversing and reducing
ecosystem degradation, and what they all have in common
is an understanding that our global economic system needs
to value and invest in the environment and ecosystem
services upon which all human and economic activity
ultimately depends. In other words, we need to build a
“green economy.”
Most developing countries, and certainly the majority of their
populations, depend directly on natural resources.
The livelihoods of many of the world’s rural poor are also
intricately linked with exploiting fragile environments and
ecosystems. According to the World Bank, well over 600
million of the rural poor currently live on lands prone to
degradation and water stress, and in upland areas, forest
systems and drylands that are vulnerable to climatic and
ecological disruptions.
As the single largest sector using 60 percent of world’s
ecosystems and providing livelihoods for 40 percent
of today’s global population, the food and agriculture
sector is critical to greening the economy. Greening the
economy with agriculture implies increasing food security
(in terms of availability, access, stability and
utilization)
while minimizing the use of natural resources, achieving
improved efficiencies through the introduction of new
agricultural technologies throughout the food value chain.
ECOLOGICAL SCARCITY AND POVERTY
Linking sustainable agriculture to poverty eradication is
crucial to ensuring food security and enhancing
livelihoods, while restoring, safeguarding and
developing natural capital.
Seventy-five per cent of
the world’s poor still live
in rural areas and are
dependent on agriculture
for nutrition and livelihood support. Promoting more
effective, sustainable agricultural practices among poor
farmers is even more urgent today given the need to adapt
to climate change, which can have devastating effects on
national efforts to ensure food security. The recognition
of the environment and ecosystems as “stakeholders”
in our economic system is an underlying principle of
the green economy concept, as is the need to develop
knowledge-based agriculture that explicitly recognizes the
contributions of ecosystem services.
Increasing depletion of natural resources is an indication that
we are irrevocably damaging ecosystems too rapidly,
and the consequence is that current and future economic
welfare is affected. As in the case of climate change, the
link between ecological deterioration and poverty is well-
established for some of the most critical environmental and
energy problems. For example, for the world’s poor, global
water scarcity manifests itself as a water poverty problem.
One in five people in the developing world lacks access
to sufficient clean water, and about half the developing
world’s population, 2.6 billion people, do not have access
to basic sanitation.
More than 660 million of the people without sanitation live on
less than US$2 a day, and more than 385 million
on less than US$1 a day (UNDP 2006). Billions of people
in developing countries have no access to modern energy
services. Among the energy poor are 2.4 billion people who
rely on traditional biomass fuels for cooking and heating,
including 89% of the population of sub-Saharan Africa.
Thus, finding ways to protect global ecosystems, reduce the
risks of global climate change, improve energy security
and simultaneously improve the livelihoods of the poor are
important challenges in the transition to a green economy,
especially for developing countries.
The challenge for policy-makers is to meet increasing demands
for food and resources while minimizing
environmental and social pressure. A major shift in
agricultural policies and practices is needed if a growing
world population is to be fed without over-exploiting scarce
natural resources or further damaging the environment.
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MASHAV’S APPROACH TO SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
Closely connected to the international agenda, MASHAV’s
agricultural programming deals with the introduction
of modern technologies and agro-technical methods
designed to increase the levels, sustainability and quality
of agricultural production to ensure food security. It also
concentrates on introducing effective support systems to
enhance the economic viability of agriculture in areas
such as marketing, storage and transport, the supply of
agricultural inputs, granting of credit and finance to the
agricultural sector and upgrading the work of extension
services.
MASHAV’s approach to agricultural development is based on
harnessing science, technology and extension. Applied
research, the introduction of innovative technologies and
the promotion of agricultural crop intensification and
diversification are key elements in attaining sustainable
food security. The challenge is to adapt many of the
known improvements in the use of agricultural practices
and technologies to make them accessible to the reality
and needs of the smallholder farmers in rural areas,
while taking into account the different stakeholders in the
agricultural system (farmers, state and private sector).
TOWARDS RIO+20
As part of the preparations for participating in the Rio+20
Conference, the Government of Israel and the Secretariat of
the United Nations Conference on Sustainable Development
(Rio+20) decided to jointly organize a High Level Expert
Group Meeting on “Using Green Agriculture to Stimulate
Economic Growth and Eradicate Poverty,” held in Israel in
October 2011 (See Box).
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Over 70 delegates from 28 countries including representatives
from WFP and the FAO participated in the
event. The purpose of this high-level meeting was to discuss
the central role that green and sustainable agriculture
can play in stimulating economic growth and combating
poverty through the sharing of know-how, best practices
and lessons learned. Policy options should provide the
individual (including small) farmer with incentives to
apply sustainable practices to improve productivity,
income and well-being, while maintaining healthy
ecosystems. The focus of the meeting was on agricultural
development under conditions of limited natural resources
(including water and land), and to climatic instability.
Consideration was also given to the development of policies,
financial mechanisms and bio-physical management
systems aimed at increasing production efficiency, and
to the level and stability of yields under such adverse
conditions.
The opening statement was delivered by Mr. Sha Zukang, UN
Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social
Affairs, who stated that: “Israel has proven to be a leader
in agricultural technology for development, practicing
innovation and implementing sustainable solutions for
agricultural development, food security, and climate
change adaptation and mitigation. They have informed
and advised the Commission on Sustainable Development
on matters related to integrated water management,
drylands, and sustainable crop production. We have
much to learn from the Israeli agricultural experience.
I wish to commend the in-country experts here today
for the dedication they have shown in organizing and
contributing to this ambitious and interesting program.
I would therefore like to take this opportunity to thank
the Israeli Government for your continued leadership,
commitment, and generosity. I look forward to our
continued collaboration in the coming months as we
prepare for Rio+20.”
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INTERNATIONAL HIGH LEVEL EXPERT GROUP MEETING ON USING GREEN
AGRICULTURE TO STIMULATE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND ERADICATE POVERTY
TOPICS FOR PLENARY AND ROUNDTABLES INCLUDE AMONG OTHERS:
Mobilizing the farmer (large- and small-scale) to adopt
economically viable food
production methods while making efficient use of natural
resources;
Macro-economic policies for green agriculture;
Agricultural food production and the environment;
Identifying stakeholders in agriculture.
The program included a field trip to showcase Israeli best
practices in different types of management of intensive agriculture
to comply with sustainability on one hand
and economically viable food production on the other. The
conclusions of the Expert
Group Meeting were summarized in an outcome document written
collectively by the
participants and presented as a contribution of the group to the
Rio+20 preparatory
process and will be incorporated in the compilation document to
be submitted to the
second Intersessional Meeting in December 2011. Outcomes of the
Expert Group Meeting
will also be introduced during the Rio+20 Conference through a
side event.
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The Government of Israel and the Secretariat of the United
Nations Conference on Sustainable Development (Rio+20) co-organized
this high-level international meeting to
be held in Israel in October 2011, which will constitute a
contribution to the preparations
for Rio+20, exploring how sustainable agriculture can contribute
to a green economy,
addressing the importance of green agriculture in ensuring food
security, mitigating
and adapting to climate change, and stimulating economic growth
in the context of
sustainable development and poverty eradication.
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INTRODUCING CHANGE IN EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION IN
KUMASI, GHANA
WHERE THERE’S A WILL THERE’S A WAY
AVIVA BEN HEFER HAS BEEN INVOLVED IN EDUCATION FOR THE PAST 40
YEARS, FIRST AS A TEACHER AND THEN AS A SUPERVISOR, ADVISOR FOR
BUILDING CURRICULA IN EXPERIMENTAL
PRIMARY SCHOOLS AND TRAINING TEACHERS TO WORK IN TEAMS. HER
SPECIALTY IS BUILDING
PROGRAMS FOR DEVELOPING THINKING SKILLS. SHE HAS CONDUCTED
TRAINING COURSES
IN ECD IN MYANMAR AND THAILAND AND HAS BEEN IN CHARGE OF THE
PROJECT OF
UPGRADING ECD IN KUMASI, UNDER THE AUSPICES OF MASHAV. SHE HAS
BEEN THE
MAIN TRAINER IN THE PROJECT.
JANETTE HIRSCHMANN STARTED HER CAREER IN SPECIAL EDUCATION AND
WAS THE DIRECTOR OF MICHA, A CENTER FOR DEAF PRESCHOOLERS AND THEIR
PARENTS. SHE HAS
BEEN THE DIRECTOR OF ECD TRAINING COURSES AT MCTC FOR THE PAST
25 YEARS. THIS
INVOLVED CHOOSING THE TOPICS, PLANNING THE PROGRAMS,
COORDINATING THE TRAINING
AND TEACHING IN ISRAEL, ASIA, AFRICA, THE CARIBBEAN AND FIJI.
SHE HAS LED THE
PROJECT IN KUMASI AND HAS BEEN AN ACTIVE PARTNER IN THE TRAINING
OF THE TRAINERS.
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AVIVA BEN HEFER AND JANETTE HIRSCHMAN
ducation is fundamental to the attainment of the Millennium
Development Goals
(MDGs) and national development because it is necessary both for
the improvement
of living standards and for economic and technological
advancement. The MDGs relating to
education are MDG 2, the purpose of which is to achieve
universal primary education, and
MDG 3, which aims to eliminate gender disparity at all education
levels by 2015.
In May 2003, the Ministry of Education and Sport in Ghana came
out with an Education Strategy Plan (ESP) for 2003-2015. The ESP
serves as the framework by which Ghana will
meet its commitments to achieve the Millennium Development Goals
(MDG) in Education.
Before 2003, preschool education for children aged 4-6 years was
not part of the formal
system in Ghana. It was eventually included as a result of the
recommendations made
by the President’s Committee on Review of Education Reforms
(October 2002), where
the importance and the far-reaching effects of early childhood
development were clearly
outlined.
In early 2006 the Millennium Cities Initiative (MCI) chose
Kumasi as a Millennium City, and has since then been conducting
research aimed at identifying the services, resources and
infrastructure needed for the people of Kumasi to attain the
MDGs. Within this framework,
a successful partnership was forged between MCI-MASHAV and the
Kumasi Metropolitan
Authorities.
MCI, together with Early Childhood Education specialists from
the Golda Meir Mount Carmel International Training Center (MCTC),
one of MASHAV’s core professional training
institutes, cooperated to develop a system of early childhood
education with the goal of
implementing it in all public schools in Kumasi and its
surroundings.
E
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12
THE AIMS OF THE PROGRAM
The program was based on the following three aspects:
Empowerment of the teachers to believe that ECD is the basis of
further education
and that their role is vital in this process. Their main role as
kindergarten teachers
is to mediate between the child and the world around him.
Creating a rich and stimulating indoor and outdoor learning
environment in the
kindergarten, bringing the outside world into the kindergarten
for the child to
experience.
Building a flexible curriculum and daily schedule based on the
child’s world
and providing opportunities for developing creativity and
thinking skills in the
child.
THE REALITY AS WE SAW IT
The project began in 2008 by visiting and observing the
kindergartens in Kumasi and mapping out the situation. The findings
showed small, dark classrooms with up to 100
children crowded around tables, sitting on chairs of different
heights. The children all faced
the teacher, who stood in front of them, holding a long cane and
pointing it at English
letters on the blackboard. The children were expected to repeat,
again and again, what the
teacher said in English, since that was the language of
instruction. There were no books in
the classroom suitable to their culture, and stories were never
read to them. The teachers,
who had been trained as primary school teachers, were using the
same methodology that
they had learned at school, and were now emulating in the
kindergarten.
THE KUMASI EDUCATION SYSTEM AND MCTC INTRODUCE A NEW CONCEPT OF
EARLY CHILDHOOD DEVELOPMENT
Following a meeting with the Metro Director of Education in
Kumasi and the MCI Project Manager in Ghana, it was decided that
the first step of the program would be to bring the
Metro Director and her staff of four early childhood development
coordinators to Israel to
see and learn a different way of organizing ECD. A two-year
program was planned by the
Metro Director, her team and the MCTC staff for a core group of
teachers who would become
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12 13
teacher trainers in the future. The Director and her staff
decided. upon their return from Israel, that they would
choose five schools, with their 25 kindergarten teachers to
be the pilot group. A first Israeli team went to Kumasi to
train these kindergarten teachers.
PROFESSIONAL PROGRAM
The first realization was that children learn through play and
experience. The main emphasis was on building a new
learning environment because we believe that a change of
environment will help to change the approach to the new
ideas. The new environment included activity corners for
socio-dramatic play, a book corner, a corner for creative
activities, blocks and table games, at different levels and
which could be used in different teaching situations.
This was done by actually building a kindergarten environment in
the classroom. In order to turn theory
into reality, the teachers had to experience playing by
themselves in the different corners. This experience was
very important to them and they were very happy and
enthusiastic throughout.
In addition to this, the number of children in the class had to
be reduced. The teachers identified the need to
write books presenting their own folk tales and cultural
heritage, and how to read them to the children. When the
teachers agreed to change the arrangement of the rooms
they enthusiastically collected toys and other materials for
the children to play with.
The professional program included the dispatch of Israeli expert
teams to Kumasi to train the group of kindergarten
teachers for at least two weeks every few months. In
between, the ECD coordinators took it upon themselves
to support the kindergarten teachers in their efforts to
implement what they had learned.
Each training session was based on the previous knowledge
learned and implemented in the kindergartens,
and following the teachers’ requests to solve any problems
they were having in implementing what they had learned.
The basic philosophy was that children learn through play and
experience, therefore all the training was experiential,
providing many opportunities for the teachers to play. In
all
aspects of the workshop, theory was learned from the active
involvement of the teachers. This training model observes
needs in the field, prioritizing the culture and traditions,
and emphasizing the need to examine the underlying
“why” and “how” questions of implementing the existing
Ghanaian ECD curriculum.
RESULTS AND OUTCOME
The Ghanaian professional team, the Metro Director and her staff
are partners every step of the way. They share in
the planning, supervision, implementation and evaluation
of this unique program. In the time since the program
started, great changes have been seen in the kindergartens.
The number of children in each class has been reduced, and
there is more space in the classroom, the arrangement is
more flexible and the learning environment has changed
to include relevant “talking walls”, display of the
children’s
work and activity centers. Reading books has become
part of the daily schedule, and at least twice a week the
room is organized for free play. The kindergarten reflects
the integrative program of all the domains, allowing the
children to learn through active participation, playing in
small groups, learning to return toys and materials to their
place.
The children enter the classroom in a creative and active
manner, as a way of awakening expectations and
excitement, and they are greeted by the teacher. The role
of the teacher has changed from being a disciplinarian
to being less authoritative, and more at the children’s
level. Teachers work with the children in small groups, ask
questions and listen to their answers rather than expecting
them to learn only through repetition. They have also
discovered that they can make table games such as lotto
and “route games” at different levels, and have learned
the joy of constructing jigsaw puzzles from old calendar
pictures. The role of the classroom attendant has also
changed from a cleaning woman to a partner in running
the daily program.
It was decided to ask Kumasi’s St. Louis Teacher Training
College’s ECD lecturers to act as supervisors and support
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14
the teachers. They participated in three of the Kumasi
workshops, together with the kindergarten teachers. At
a later stage, ten teacher trainers, including the Principal
and Deputy Principal of the St. Louis Teacher Training
College, came to Israel for a specially designed workshop,
where they were exposed to different ECD frameworks. The
third step was a one-week workshop in the College for all
the ECD lecturers as well as for 75 ECD students who had
completed their formal studies and were going to practice
teaching in the kindergartens.
We understood that it was very important to work together with
the staff of the Training College in order to
increase the number of trained teachers in the field, who
had gone through the process of change.
The project has been expanded to include five more schools in
the Kumasi area, with a further 25 kindergarten
teachers, each of whom has been adopted by one of
the more experienced teachers in the pilot project. Fifty
kindergarten teachers in Kumasi are in the process of
change.
FUTURE PLANNING
In 2011 the first group of graduates of our kindergartens
entered first grade. In a small survey done with the first-
grade teachers, the information showed that the graduates
of the project came to school better prepared and with more
confidence. The professional team and the kindergarten
teachers are so proud of their achievements. They are
motivated and determined to change their way of teaching
and provide a good start in life for their pupils. They feel
that they are pioneers, and are becoming proficient so that
they can spread their knowledge.
MCI has recently declared Accra as its newest Millennium City.
Future planning includes replicating
in Accra the MASHAV-MCI’s ECD program as being
presently implemented in Kumasi; with the ultimate goal
of expanding the model to the whole country following a
national education strategy. Change is a long and difficult
process, but, where there’s a will, there’s a way.
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14
he agricultural sector has a significant part in developing
countries’ economy.
About 75 percent of the world’s poor and hungry people live in
rural areas and
most of them depend directly or indirectly on agriculture.
Ninety-six per cent of the world’s
farmers live in developing countries, where agriculture provides
the main source of income
for some 2.5 billion people. Agricultural employees represent
over 70 percent of the labor
force in developing countries, compared to 30 percent in
middle-income countries and only
4 percent in developed countries.
In developing countries, the majority of the agricultural sector
consists of small farms. Population growth, increased competition
and depletion of land and water sources in recent
years has caused increased poverty and triggered migration from
villages to cities.
The attempts made by the local governments and the international
community to improve small farmers’ yield, income and standards of
living may face the following obstacles:
The allocated resources (subsidies, loans, etc.) do not reach
the desired beneficiaries;
Improper use of the resources (money and equipment) by the
farmers;
Inadequate agronomic extension services. Several aspects,
including plant material,
water and soil conditions, the quality of fertilizers,
post-harvest treatments and marketing
of products, are barely addressed.
Addressing the above-mentioned obstacles should achieve the
following targets:
Increased percentage of empowered small farmers;
Better agricultural use of increased acreage;
Increased income for the farmers and improved living
standards;
Correct use of fertilizers, pesticides, etc. and prevention of
waste and environmental
damage.
Significant change in farmers’ income in rural areas of
developing countries requires a comprehensive approach. The
solution for smallholders’ agriculture in developing countries
should address all the aspects of agriculture including
recruitment and allocation of finance,
USAID-MASHAV-MOA JOINT TECHNICAL PROGRAM
EMPOWERING SMALLHOLDER FARMERS IN ETHIOPIA
THE WRITER IS A MASHAV AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT EXPERT CURRENTLY
STATIONED
IN ETHIOPIA. HE HOLDS A PHD IN BOTANY FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF
TENNESSEE USA
(HAVING PREVIOUSLY STUDIED HORTICULTURE AND PLANT TISSUE CULTURE
AT THE HEBREW
UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM) AND HAS VAST EXPERIENCE IN PRODUCTION,
RESEARCH,
MANAGEMENT AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER ROLES IN THE AREAS OF PLANT
PROPAGATION
.AND BIOTECHNOLOGY, BOTH IN ISRAEL AND OVERSEAS
DR. AVIHAI ILAN
T
15
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16 17
Solutions for horticultural crops in small farms:
Focusing on the development of horticultural plant
propagation through nursery cultivation and tissue
culture propagation.
(Pictures: Dr. Avihai Ilan)
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16 17
soil and irrigation systems, better crops and plant material
supply, agro-techniques, agricultural extension, post-
harvesting and marketing. The current international aid to
developing countries by international agencies, national aid
organizations and NGOs address separately many of the
agricultural aspects but in a non-coordinated manner.
Effective tackling of the wide scope of agricultural aspects
can be achieved by collaboration between the various aid
organizations.
THE USAID-MASHAV-MOA JOINT TECHNICAL PROGRAM
In order to face this smallholders’ crisis, local governments in
cooperation with the international community are
investing in promoting programs to assist and empower
smallholder farmers. Ethiopia’s rural development policy
and strategies prioritize the transformation of smallholder
subsistence agriculture to market-orientated production.
Within this framework, a successful partnership called The Joint
Technical Program in Ethiopia was created by
three partners: MASHAV – Israel’s Agency for International
Development Cooperation, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;
USAID – The United States Agency for International Development;
and MoA – The Ministry of Agriculture of Ethiopia.
The smallholders’ agriculture in Ethiopia is focused on
supplying the basic needs through rain-fed cultivation of
field crops such as wheat, maize, sorghum and teff. These
crops are susceptible to weather conditions and various
types of abiotic stress, and the cultivation of a single
rain-
fed crop is risky.
The addition of fruits and vegetables crops to the smallholders’
production basket can greatly improve
their economic situation and avoid the risks involved in
monoculture. It can be seen as a kind of “insurance policy”
to the small farmer. Even without transition to irrigated
crops, fruits and vegetables such as avocado, citrus,
potato,
sweet potato, enset, cassava and mango can provide
additional nutrition as well as additional source of
income. Successful cultivation of fruit trees should
address various aspects such as soil preparation,
plant material, irrigation and fertilizer
application, plant protection, harvesting and post-harvesting,
and marketing.
The USAID-MASHAV-MoA Joint Technical Program in Ethiopia
addresses the first
and crucial step in horticulture, i.e. the
supply of elite plant material via advanced
vegetative propagation methods: modern nursery and
micro-propagation.
The program’s nurseries produce high-yielding and marketable
international varieties of avocado and mango.
Various rootstocks are introduced for adaptation to
different
soil and water conditions and for tolerance to soil-borne
diseases. The nursery production relies on advanced
and yet sustainable irrigation and fertilizer application
methods, integrated pest management, quality control
and production planning. The program upgrades small
research laboratories for tissue culture into production on
a
semi-commercial scale by the application of quality control
methods, production planning and production follow-up.
The USAID-MASHAV-MoA Joint Technical Program demonstrates a
unique and successful approach for the
empowerment of small farmers through the development of
horticultural crops production, focusing on the development
of plant propagation in Ethiopia through nursery cultivation
and tissue culture propagation.
This goal is achieved by introducing and supplying improved
facilities, equipment and materials as well as
intensive capacity building activities. The joint program
demonstrates large-scale plant production with timely
production planning and quality control inspections.
Through collaboration with other international and national aid
agencies the Joint Technical Program’s scope
will increase to cover additional aspects of fruit tree and
vegetable cultivation, enabling empowerment of small-
holders through addressing horticultural production in a
coordinated and resource-saving manner, and contribute
to achieving food security and income generation, as
well as diversification of the diet. In its recent meeting,
the project’s Steering Committee decided to widen the
scope of the project’s support to Ethiopian horticulture
and to establish an extension system for 1,000 smallholder
fruit-tree growers. The aim is to train extension personnel
to guide and train the target farmers in the future. Special
attention and training will be given to women and
youth groups.
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19
o sum up the experiences of a group of 108 youngsters who had
the opportunity to
travel to the other end of the world, to study and in some cases
reorient their beliefs,
values, convictions and even their life’s work, is a complex
task!
Four years ago, as an initiative of the Fundación Liceo
Internacional and the Ministry of Education we presented to the
Israeli Embassy in Ecuador and the Aharon Ofri International
Training Center a small project prepared by two Ofri Center
alumni - Former Minister
of Education Raúl Vallejo and Marco Dávila. This led to
realization of the dream of 20
youngsters from poor communities in the central provinces of the
Sierra: To take part in a
process for training young leaders from the provinces of
Cotopaxi, Chimborazo and Bolívar.
Following a joint evaluation of the work carried out by this
first group of youngsters, and the impact of their activities when
they returned to their communities, it was decided to
continue the project and extend it to other cities in the
country.
Currently, the proposal has been channeled towards
interculturality, and this is the direction that we will maintain
in future years, with the inclusion of 50% of participants from
our indigenous peoples.
During these four years of cooperation, the State of Israel has
always encouraged us to continue the project. Something that began
as a proposal to be implemented in
three provinces has become a large national project with
transcendent influence in the
youngsters’ cities of origin.
The course, held at the Ofri Center in the outskirts of
Jerusalem, lasts 28 days, and offers a curriculum which we are
adapting year-by-year to our country’s needs. The basic
subjects
cover, inter alia, young leadership, sustainable development,
conflict resolution, prevention
of risky sexual attitudes, consumption of alcohol, illegal
drugs, HIV-AIDS, interculturality,
and development of community projects.
The academic structure of the course is accompanied by a series
of educational and sightseeing visits, offering the youngsters the
possibility of learning about the history,
culture, and lifestyle of the Israeli people. This allows the
participants to reflect, compare,
and learn about our own country. Although Ecuador, unlike
Israel, has rich natural resources,
some of the most abundant water resources in the world, oil
production, rich biodiversity
and fertile lands, it faces great developmental challenges.
To tackle development challenges, it becomes clear that the main
resource that peoples must foster is the human resource, since only
through education will we be able to utilize
what we have, taking into consideration our future
generations.
In these four years we have trained 108 young people from the
provinces of Imbabura, Pichincha, Cotopaxi, Tungurahua, Chimborazo,
Bolívar, Cañar, Azuay, Loja, Zamora, Morona,
Galápagos, Manabí and el Oro.
DEVELOPING THE HUMAN RESOURCE: YOUNG LEADERS OF ECUADOR
CAROLINA DÁVILA EGÜEZ AND MARCO DÁVILA ALARCÓN
T
18
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19
The youngsters are selected in each of their localities by NGOs,
local governments, associations, youth groups and former
participants, always taking into account a basic
element: “the desire to change the world, dreaming that it is
possible.”
The final part of the training process in Israel is the
implementation of a project which each participant must carry out
individually or as part of a group on their return to their
communities. For this they were trained, receiving over 60
methodological tools, 180 hours
of academic training, visits to a series of successful projects
that can be copied, allowing
them to intervene with their peers, with children, with adults.
In other words, they have
become agents of change.
About 90% of our young people have accomplished their work; have
given back what they received. Today we have a series of projects
that have been and are being carried out
throughout their provinces, so that we feel that this effort has
been well rewarded.
THE AHARON OFRI INTERNATIONAL TRAINING CENTERA WINDOW TO
INNOVATIONS IN EDUCATION
The Aharon Ofri International Training Center was established in
1989 by Haigud Society for Transfer of Technology, as a
professional affiliate of MASHAV. The Ofri Center works in
cooperation with Israel’s
Ministry of Education. Since its establishment, the Ofri Center
has trained thousands of participants from
all over the world, introducing them to the wealth of knowledge
and experience accumulated in Israel, and
presented by top experts in the field of social development,
contributing to the sustainable development of
human resources.
The main area of activities is in the field of education. The
Center offers a holistic and inclusive approach to
education-related issues, the belief being that education should be
flexible and adapt itself to the
individual. The Center focuses on learning at all levels, from
elementary and secondary school to adult
education, and provides professional training for developing
basic skills, civic awareness and education
for special populations. The Ofri Center trains key personnel
and agents of change in education in capacity
building programs in Israel and conducts consulting missions and
workshops abroad, aiming to transfer the
knowledge gained in Israel in a manner that best suits the
partner country’s development strategies.
-
Among the successful projects is the Vivamos la Fiesta en Paz
(Let us Celebrate the Holiday Peacefully) Campaign, the main
proposal that the country has currently on prevention
of alcohol consumption, a project managed entirely
byformer participants in the project. The campaign is being
currently carried out in the cities of Quito, Cuenca, Manta,
Ibarra, Guaranda, Latacunga, Riobamba, Galápagos,
Tosagua, Guanujo, Gualaceo and Chone. Another project,
entitled “Tincuyachaicuna Leadership Schools”, is being
carried out in the rural parishes of Sayausí and Ricaurte,
in
Cuenca; and a dance school for at-risk children and youth,
was established in the Parish of Zámbiza, in Quito.
To live the experience of being trained in Israel is like a
never-ending journey; each of us chooses the point to which
we wish to arrive; all is part of the blessing of learning
and
sharing, of changing and improving, of reorienting this
great ship of dreams and reality.
When we asked the young people what they are taking from this
experience, the answers differ as widely as the
youngsters. They speak of the Israeli people, of leaving
the beaten track, they speak of the Walled City, the Holy
Sites, the history, acceptance and peaceful coexistence,
punctuality, beginning the week on Sunday, Shabbat
experiences, security, the true social welfare system. They
express great admiration for a country, with limited natural
resources and of the size of Manabí, with more than 70%
desert, with very little annual rain, with a sole freshwater
source, a relatively new state, and yet it has learned that
its most important resource is the human resource and the
essential value incorporated into a single value: Mutual
responsibility.
20
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UPGRADING EMERGENCY MEDICAL INFRASTRUCTURES
21
mergency medical services involve rapid assessment, timely
provision of appropriate
interventions, and prompt transportation to the nearest health
facility by the best
possible means to improve chances of survival, control morbidity
and prevent disability. The
goal of an effective emergency medical system should therefore
be to make emergency care
available to all who need it. However, despite the existence of
the new technologies required
to address emergency medical situations, access to such
facilities is not available in many
parts of the developing world.
One of the main components of emergency medical care is related
to the care provided on arrival at the receiving health facility.
Therefore, it is critical to recognize infrastructure
gaps that hinder the ability of health systems to make emergency
and surgical care a reality.
Health care facilities differ widely in respect of equipment,
staff and resources, and they
consequently possess varying capacities to provide emergency
care. A health care facility’s
capacity is determined by both human and structural factors.
Human factors include the number and mix of health care workers
and their level of training. Structural factors include space,
medications, supplies and specialized equipment.
The level of demand placed on the facility by the surrounding
population may also dictate
which services are offered and whether they can be accessed at
short notice.
The effort to increase access to emergency care in developing
countries has received global attention. Emergency Medicine and
National Disaster Preparedness are disciplines
which have been given priority on the agendas of the majority of
both developed and
developing countries. Joining the international community’s
efforts of implementing the
Millennium Development Goals and based on the Israeli experience
gained in these fields,
MASHAV serves as a bridge between Israel’s medical community and
the developing world, designing and implementing professional
activities characterized by a long-term
approach, focusing on the delivery of suitable medical services,
particularly in rural regions.
All of MASHAV’s medical projects are coordinated by an in-house
medical advisor who is
in charge of all medical activities, health missions and
humanitarian assistance, including
organizing immediate response in the face of natural and manmade
disasters. Projects
include training activities both in Israel and abroad,
professional consultations, and the
establishment of long-term sustainable infrastructural
facilities.
The key to achieving such sustainability is to provide partner
countries with technologies on a manageable scale. In addition,
every project includes assisting in the process of reforms
being implemented at the administrative and organizational
levels, as well as concentration
on human and institutional capacity building (including
extensive professional training)
and long-term follow-up and support activities.
Following is a short overview of two projects involving the
upgrading of emergency medical infrastructures: the first in
Kisumu, Kenya, and the second in Cap-Haitiën, Haiti.
AVNIT RIFKIN
E
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22 23
Hospitals play a key role during emergencies, and must be among
the best prepared alongside public safety services. The people of
Kisumu can now receive quality emergency
care at Kisumu District Hospital, since a team of 10 Israeli
engineers recently completed the
construction of the hospital’s – first-of-its-kind and
fully-equipped emergency room.
Kisumu, the capital of Nyanza Province in western Kenya, was
designated as a Millennium City (MCI) by the Earth Institute at
Columbia University in 2006. It is the third largest city in
Kenya and the only one located in Western Kenya. Positioned on
the Gulf of Lake Victoria,
with a population of about 460,000. Following an MCI survey,
results showed that there
was an urgent need to invest in the city’s health
infrastructure. Continuing the successful
cooperation between MCI and MASHAV, it was decided to examine
the possibility of
establishing an emergency room at Kisumu’s District
Hospital.
The work was carried out in a record three weeks, by engineering
and medical teams from Clalit Health Services, the largest health
organization in Israel. Prior to their arrival,
MASHAV had shipped all vital supplies for the project, from
state-of-the-art ER monitoring
equipment down to construction materials.
Once the ER’s physical structure was completed and stocked with
all the necessary supplies, MASHAV organized professional medical
training activities in emergency care
for 41 local professionals (doctors, nurses, clinical officers,
medical officer interns and
paramedics in emergency medicine). The skills acquired will
enable Kisumu’s medical
professionals to better respond to emergencies and traumas,
significantly improving the
level of care available in the city and its periphery.
The new ER will provide not only regional emergency treatment,
but also regional medical training. It now serves as the center of
the city’s emergency response, hosting
multiple training sessions for other medical professionals
throughout the city and
surrounding region.
Up
gra
din
g E
merg
ency
Ca
re i
n K
isum
u,
Ken
ya
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22 23
Upg
radi
ng E
mer
genc
y Medi
cal Infrastructures
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24 25
Est
ab
lish
ing a
Tra
um
a &
Em
erg
ency
Med
icin
e
Cente
r in
Ha
iti
The devastating earthquake that hit Haiti in 2010 severely
damaged the country’s medical infrastructures, denying basic
medical care to the population. From the moment the news of the
tragedy broke, the State of Israel resolved to assist Haiti in
whatever way it could.
When international efforts moved from the phase of rescue to
recovery, MASHAV, in consultation with the Government of Haiti,
began to develop projects specific to the needs of the people of
Haiti. As part of this effort, and in accordance with the Haitian
authorities’ rehabilitation plan, a special project for the
establishment of a new trauma unit in the city of Cap-Haitiën
commenced (population: 1.5 million), jointly designed and organized
by the Israeli Government, the Office of the Haitian Prime
Minister, and the Haitian Ministry of Health.
It was decided to implement the project within the grounds of
St. Justinien Hospital, the second largest in the country, serving
as a referral medical center, with the aim of preparing the
hospital to respond in cases of mass casualty disasters and
upgrading the emergency system infrastructure to improve treatment
of ongoing cases.
An Israeli team comprising 12 experts, together with local
workers, started working on the premises on March 16, 2011. All the
equipment necessary to prepare the grounds (300 square meters) as
well as the medical equipment needed to operate the Trauma Center
was sent by sea from Israel. The groundbreaking ceremony for the
new trauma unit took place two weeks later, at the end of March
2011.
The new Trauma Center includes an emergency room for routine
treatment and a section for treatment of severe cases to be used
during emergency situations, including state-of-the-art medical
equipment (monitors, computers, artificial respiration instruments,
defibrillators, and more).
Upon the completion of the structure, a team of four Israeli
experts arrived in Cap-Haitiën on a two-week mission, to train over
40 local medical staff: doctors, nurses and technicians. The
medical facility will be fully operated in the future solely by the
local staff.
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24 25
Upg
radi
ng E
mer
genc
y Medi
cal Infrastructures
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26 27
THE PHILIPPINE-ISRAEL CENTER FOR AGRICULTURAL TRAINING
SHAIKE STERN IS THE HEAD OF AGRICULTURAL PROJECTS ASIA-AFRICA
AND OCEANIAAT CINADCO – THE CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL AGRICULTURAL
DEVELOPMENTCOOPERATION. NAVOT HAKLAY IS THE DIRECTOR OF THE POULTRY
DIVISION ATISRAEL’S MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE AND RURAL
DEVELOPMENT
SHAIKE STERN AND NAVOT HAKLAY
T he Philippine-Israel Center for Agricultural Training (PICAT)
was established in June 2006, following an agreement signed between
MASHAV and the Philippine Ministry for Agrarian Reform (DAR), and
in conjunction with Central Luzon State University
(CLSU) and the surrounding towns Munoz and San Isidro in Nueva
Ecija District. The goal
of establishing a demonstration center in the Philippines was to
integrate agricultural
extension with R&D, providing onsite training for Filipino
field instructors in the areas of
vegetable production and livestock husbandry utilizing advanced
and modern agricultural
technologies. The main components of the project are training of
extension workers; the
creation of an extension/outreach system (including farm
demonstrations, farmers’ field
schools/trainings, technical forums and field days); and
Research and Development.
THE PROJECT’S MAIN OBJECTIVES: To establish a Regional Extension
Center, coordinating between the university and the
Agrarian Reform and Agriculture regional/local field units;
To re-tool local government extension personnel in extension
methods and recommended
agricultural technologies for more effective and efficient
extension delivery and
outreach;
To conduct field trials in the university and the pilot areas to
yield technologies that can
potentially improve farm productivity, profitability and
sustainability;
To establish, based on the results of field trials, farm
demonstration plots in order to
trigger wider technology dissemination and utilization;
To contribute to increased productivity, income and living
standards of farm families and
their communities.
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26 27
STAGE 1 THE PROJECT
During the first stage of the project, a cadre of 35
agricultural instructors was trained, from the governmental
and local sectors. The training consisted of two parts: a
four-month theoretical training in vegetable and livestock
production, and eight months’ practical training, including
establishing model plots and greenhouses utilizing modern
Israeli agro-technologies and drip irrigation systems, both
in the university grounds and at local farms. The results
showed significant water-saving and improved crops.
The project was managed professionally by several senior
agronomists from the CLSU teaching staff and was
supervised by a long-term Israeli professional expert sent
by MASHAV, who managed the project for a year.
The project was very successful in many areas, especially with
regard to the professional training of the agricultural
instructors; the transfer of know-how from the instructor to
the farmer, and particularly for introducing innovation and
professionalism.
STAGE 2EXPANDING THE PROJECT
In 2009 a new agreement was signed between MASHAV and the
Philippines Ministry for Agrarian Reform calling for
expanding the model to eight additional provinces in Central
Luzon (Region III). Within this framework of cooperation,
MASHAV dispatched four short-term delegations of experts
and conducted on-the-spot courses in order to reinforce the
skills of the local instructors. Several especially designed
courses on vegetable production were also held in Israel,
at CINADCO Shefayim, for the instructors and professional
consultants and for the directors of the different projects.
MASHAV’s involvement in the project includes purchase of seeds
produced in Israel which serve the local instructors
for the practical training they conduct at the project’s
designated farms. These act as demonstration farms for
agricultural crops using Israeli innovative growing methods
and seeds.
During the years 2007 to 2009, the PICAT project became a
showcase for innovative Israeli agricultural technologies,
and received several government awards from the
Philippines Ministry for Agrarian Reform. This recognition
is
an expression of the quality of the project and the
successful
cooperation existing between the two countries. The
new Minister for Agrarian Reform recently visited
the PICAT project and expressed his wish to continue
this successful cooperation for years to come.
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THE WRITER IS THE DIRECTOR OF TRAINING AT THE WEITZ INSTITUTE
FORDEVELOPMENT STUDIES
A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH TO SLUM UPGRADING
YOSSI OFFER
oday, considering that more than half of the world’s population
lives in cities and urban areas, and that this rate is expected to
reach 60% by 2030, slum upgrading
has become one of the main challenges of the developing world.
According to The United Nations Human Settlements Program
(UN-Habitat), it is estimated that one billion people live in slums
in the cities of the world – one sixth of the human population –
and that the numbers are rising.
Slums are distinguished by the poor quality of housing, the
poverty of the inhabitants, the lack of public and private services
and the poor integration of the inhabitants into the
broader community and its opportunities. Social exclusion, lack
of empowerment, less
access to education, and social and health services make it very
difficult for slum dwellers
to do more than survive, sometimes in reasonable, if insecure,
conditions, but just as often
in poverty and despair.
Considering the magnitude of the problem, even where governments
and development aid is available for slum upgrading, there are
simply not enough resources to make a real difference for most of
the world’s slum dwellers. In this context, partnerships between
the public and private sector are required, including forming
coalitions between international agencies, cities and action groups
acting in a concerted way and with the benefit of knowledge of past
successes and failures to deal with the challenge of slums.
Holistic approaches to the life situation of slum dwellers are
being developed as part of city strategies and with the direct
participation of the slum dwellers themselves.
The conditions in poor urban areas in Israel are considerably
different from slum areas and informal settlements in developing
and transitional countries. Yet, the Weitz Center’s experience
shows that the experience gained in Israel is relevant to slum
upgrading in developing countries, notably the comprehensive
approach and the mechanisms of public-private partnerships in urban
upgrading and revitalization processes.
The Weitz Center for Development Studies, established in 1963,
is a global leader in capacity building for sustainable
development. The Center’s work is dedicated to enhancing the
efforts of international agencies, governments, communities, civil
society and private sector organizations to achieve positive social
and economic change worldwide. Towards this end, we offer high
quality training and consulting services to clients across a
variety of sectors and levels.
The Center’s mission is to provide clients with practical tools,
cutting edge knowledge and hands-on experience to improve the
performance of their policies, programs and projects in achieving
sustainable development and poverty reduction.
T
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MASHAV cooperates with the Weitz Center sharing with developing
countries the knowledge acquired in Israel in this field, adapting
a working plan to each country’s specific conditions, and
implementing objectives through an extensive program of training,
research, planning and consultancy activities.
In July 2011, the Weitz Center in cooperation with MASHAV and
UN-Habitat (a world leader in promoting sustainable urban
development and adequate shelter for all, focusing on slum
upgrading as one of its key areas) jointly organized a 30-day
professional training program aimed at enabling participants to
acquire practical tools for the design and implementation of
different strategies to slum upgrading.
Thirty one participants from 15 countries arrived in Israel to
take part in the program. The curriculum presented a comprehensive
approach for slum upgrading, including the formation of
partnerships between the public and private sectors and relevant,
financial and organizational tools for its implementation, with the
aim of integrating aspects of infrastructure, living conditions,
land ownership, environmental considerations, services systems and
delivery, human capital and community development, and economic
activities, into one comprehensive development process.
A general consensus is slowly emerging that comprehensive slum
upgrading schemes and the formulation of larger development
strategies, are the recommended best practice for slums’ upgrading.
Establishing secure tenure, public health and sustainability,
advancing gender equality and – especially – partnerships for
poverty reduction will significantly contribute to reach Millennium
Development Goal number 7: To achieve by 2020 a significant
improvement in the lives of 100 million slum dwellers.
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SHALOM CLUBS
The Embassy of Israel held its annual
Shalom Club meeting in December
at the Serena Hotel in Nairobi. More
than 100 participants from all over the country
attended the event. Distinguished guests
included Minister of Justice Mutula Kilonzo,
Deputy Minister of Education Calist Mwatela,
and Head of the Education Committee at
Kenya’s Parliament David Koech.
The event saw the closing ceremony of a MASHAV
on-the-spot course on “Prevention of Drug and
Alcohol Abuse” which was conducted by Israeli
experts in conjunction with National Campaign
against Drug Abuse Authority in Kenya. H.E.
Jacob Keidar, Israel’s Ambassador to Kenya,
mentioned the fruitful cooperation existing
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MASHAV maintains contact with many of its former course
participants through its network of more than 70 Shalom Clubs
worldwide. These clubs serve as a forum for MASHAV alumni to
participate in professional and social activities. Members are
invited to attend local lectures by skilled experts, to exchange
ideas and to organize technical cooperation and humanitarian
assistance as well as holding cultural functions. Among the many
activities that have been organized by Shalom Clubs have been
workshops on professional topics, organization of events to raise
funds for local charities, mobilization of club members to donate
their professional services for community development and
humanitarian activities. Members of the Shalom Clubs play an
integral role in determining the focus and scope of programming of
their clubs.
between the two countries, and the desire to
strive for the improvement of the livelihoods
of many Kenyans through capacity building
programs in the fields of Agriculture & Rural
Development, Social Economic Development,
Rural and Urban Development, Education and
Health, all of which are basic components for
development.
The Embassy of Israel in Manila in
coordination with the Shalom Club
Philippines donated wheelchairs and
additional medical equipment to the Jose R.
Reyes Memorial Medical Center (JRRMCC) in
Manila in January. Representing the hospital
was Dr. Ma. Alicia M. Lim, the Medical Center
Director. Also present were H.E. Zvi A. Vapni,
Israeli Ambassador to the Philippines; Deputy
Chief of Mission Yaniv Revach and Ms. Zeny Y.
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Ubaldo, President of the Shalom Club. Dr. Eric de
Jesus, the Chairman of the JRRMCC’s orthopedic
department, expressed his appreciation for the
donation.
The MASHAV Shalom Club in Myanmar
was formed eight years ago, and counts
more than 200 members. The annual
meeting of Shalom Club took place at Myanmar-
Info-Tech in Yangon in March, in collaboration
with the Embassy of Israel. Ambassador of
Israel to Myanmar, H.E. Yaron Mayer, gave
the opening remarks, and was followed by
a short film about Israel and MASHAV. During
the evening, members of the Shalom Club
shared their experiences from their stay in
Israel and discussed further MASHAV-Shalom
Club activities. A musical performance and
refreshments concluded the event.
A group of members of the Shalom Club
Peru joined the volunteer members of
the Emergency System Institution in
Peru. They participated in a National Earthquake
Simulation Drill at the National Emergency
Center during which they simulated offering
assistance to people in need.
In June the Shalom Club Paraguay
participated, for the 13th time, in the
traditional Teleton Feast held at the
Metropolitan Seminary of Asunción. Shalom
Club members, together with the cultural
society Friends of Israel and the Paraguay
Chapter of WIZO (The Women’s International
Zionist Organization) contributed traditional
Israeli dishes including humous, falafel and
other delicacies.
The Teleton Foundation is a non-profit
organization providing services and support to
children with disabilities. Its mission is to build
an inclusive society through the development
of a national system of rehabilitation. The
Teleton Feast is a yearly fund-raising event in
which over 200 amateur chefs prepare and sell
original dishes. The Shalom Club members’
stand, festively decorated with the flags of Israel
and Paraguay, included the presence of Israel’s
Honorary Consul to Paraguay Max Haber, and
other distinguished guests.
PE
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MASHAVhttp: / /mashav.mfa.gov.il New
s
ISRAEL AND GERMANY SIGN COOPERATION AGREEMENT
Deputy Foreign Minister Danny Ayalon and German Federal
Minister for Economic Cooperation and Development Dirk
Niebel signed in January a joint Declaration of Intent aimed
at increasing bilateral cooperation to assist developing
nations. They discussed the continuation and enhancement
of cooperation and assistance to developing countries,
following the agreement signed last year, and reviewed
progress in the implementation of projects in Ethiopia and
Ghana, deciding on a new joint project: the rehabilitation
of Lake Victoria. The lake, one of the sources of the Nile,
is a strategic resource, and as a large source of water and
fish it provides a income and livelihood to local residents.
Germany and Israel have decided to cooperate and to assist
Kenya in its efforts to rehabilitate the regions adjacent to
the lake, which has been severely contaminated.
MASHAV cooperates closely with its German counterpart:
An irrigation and water management project is already
under way in Ethiopia, as well as a citrus growing project
in
Ghana. Both parties are currently examining the possibility
of extending cooperation to Central Asia.
Deputy FM Ayalon (left) and German Federal Minister Niebel
sign agreement (Photo: MFA)
INTERNATIONAL PARTNERSHIP FOR DEVELOPMENT
Israel has officially reopened its embassy in Ghana.
Israel’s ambassador in Accra, Sharon Bar-Li, presented
her credentials to Ghana’s President John Evans Atta Mills.
In her speech, Ambassador Bar-Li noted that this event
marks the deepening of the historic relations between
ISRAEL REOPENS EMBASSY IN GHANA
Photo
: MFA
An MOU was signed in January between MASHAV and
the United Nations World Food Program (WFP). The MOU
states that MASHAV and WFP share a common commitment
toward the fulfillment of the MDGs and share the burden
of eradicating hunger worldwide, helping to foster
stability and security. The two organizations wish
MASHAV AND WFP SIGN MOU
to share their respective strengths and resources to
support initiatives that advance their common goal to
improve the lives of the world’s poor. Israel’s Foreign
Minister Avigdor Liberman signed on behalf of MASHAV,
and Executive Director Josette Sheeran signd on behalf of
WFP.
the two states. MASHAV is active in Ghana in a variety of
fields including development projects in the areas of
health, water and sanitation, early childhood education
and agriculture.
32 MASHAVhttp: / /mashav.mfa.gov.il News
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France’s Ambassador to Israel, Christophe Bigot,
and Head of MASHAV Ambassador Daniel
Carmon signed in September on behalf of their
countries a Declaration of Intent on a Partnership
for Development Cooperation. The two countries
declared their wish to establish a framework for
collaborative efforts on programs and activities
to commence by the end of 2011, enabling
them to identify common interests and priorities.
The objective of this cooperation is to enhance
income generation, inclusive development and
pro-poor growth. The first phase will include joint
development activities in Cameroon, Senegal,
Ghana, Burkina Faso and Haiti. Head of MASHAV Ambassador Daniel
Carmon (right) and France’s
Ambassador to Israel Christophe Bigot sign the agreement
ISRAEL AND FRANCE SIGN DECLARATION OF INTENT
CEMAC-ISRAEL PARTNERSHIP
A Technical Cooperation Agreement was signed in
January in Yaounde, Cameroon, between CEMAC
– The Economic and Monetary Union of Central
African States, and the government of Israel, to
work in synergy in the production of pesticides
with the goal of stepping up agricultural
production in the Sub-region.
According to the terms of the agreement,
Israel will share its wealth of knowledge
in pesticides regulation with CPAC (The
Inter-States Pesticides Committee for Central
Africa) to boost agricultural production while
preserving the environment and the health of
local consumers, as well as in enhancing the
competitiveness of local agricultural produce on
the international market.Chairman of the CEMAC Commission
Antoine Ntsimi (left) and Israel’s
Ambassador to Cameroon Miki Arbel (right) at the signing
ceremony
Two Israeli agricultural experts offered in February
a capacity building workshop for Ethiopian farmers and
dairy cooperatives in the Assella Arsi zone, Oromia Regional
State, and in Addis Ababa. The professional training
took place within the framework of the existing
Memorandum of Understanding between MASHAV
and the FAO Sub Regional Coordination Office for Eastern
Africa (SFE).
MASHAV-FAO COOPERATION IN ETHIOPIA
The workshop focused mainly on strengthening the local
dairy cooperatives and unions, including the introduction
of modern production technologies as well as farm
management techniques and best practices for marketing
produce. The goal of the workshop was to identify the best
ways to increase the level of small-scale dairy production
and maintai