Severe Weather: Tornadoes and Hurricanes Thunderstorms and Lightning S6E4b Relate unequal heating of land and water surfaces to form large global wind systems and weather events such as tornados and thunderstorms . c Relate how moisture evaporating from the oceans affects the weather patterns and weather events such as hurricanes
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Severe Weather:Tornadoes and Hurricanes
Thunderstorms and Lightning
S6E4b Relate unequal heating of land
and water surfaces to form large global
wind systems and weather events
such as tornados and thunderstorms.
c Relate how moisture evaporating
from the oceans affects the weather
patterns and weather events such as
hurricanes
Task:•
• Scenario: You are a team of storm
chasers from the Weather Channel.
Your job is to educate the public
about severe weather as it is
happening. You will need a team of
researchers to do this project.
Each person will play a role, but
you will need to do the research on
the severe storm alone.
Your Task:• Create a group product to share the
information about your storm with the
rest of the class during a “gallery
walk.”
• Products could be a song, poster,
informational flyer, brochure, 3 minute
information video, recipe card or any
other product your group comes up
with and gets approved by the
teacher
As you work think about these
questions :
• What are the “ingredients” for your storm to form?
• How does your storm form?
• What are the atmospheric conditions that are
likely to occur?
• Does your storm form during a specific season or
month(s)?
• Is there a particular location where this storm
forms?
• How does this storm affect the people who live
through it?
• What are some safety tips to survive this storm?
Grab Toto!!
TORNADOES
Are a low pressure storm that usually
forms over land
in an average year, 800 tornadoes are
reported in the U.S.
a tornado is defined as a violently
rotating column of air extending from a
thunderstorm to the ground… the
rotating column of air is called the vortex
the vortex is only visible when debris
and dirt gets carried up with the windsTHE HOOK
Where do they come from?
Tornadoes come from the
energy released in a
thunderstorm.
What makes them
dangerous (as compared to
hurricanes) is that their
energy is concentrated in a
small area, only a hundred
yards across
When & Where do they occur?
Most common east of the
Rocky Mountains and west of
the Appalachian Mountains.
They occur mostly during the
spring and summer (April-June)
They usually occur during the
late afternoon and early
evening.
Usually happen along cold
fronts
How fast do tornadoes
move?
Movement can range
from
virtually stationary to
more
than 60 miles per hour ...
Average is 10-20 miles
per hour.
Watch—means conditions are
likely for tornado to develop
Warning—means that tornado
has been spotted
THE WIND!
• Take a look
at this piece
of wood that
was driven
into the palm
tree.
LOOK
AT
THESE
MEASURING DESTRUCTION
The Enhanced Fujita Scale rates tornadoes based on
the amount and type of wind damage produced.
EF-0. Light damage
Wind 65 to 85 mph. Causes some damage to siding and shingles
EF-1. Moderate damage
Wind 86 to 110 mph. Considerable roof
damage. Winds can uproot trees and
overturn single-wide mobile homes.
Flagpoles bend.
EF-2. Considerable damage
Wind 111 to 135 mph. Most single-wide
mobile homes destroyed. Permanent
homes can shift off foundation. Flagpoles
collapse. Softwood trees debarked.
EF-3. Severe damage
Wind 136 to 165 mph. Hardwood trees
debarked. All but small portions of houses
destroyed.
EF-4. Devastating damage
Wind 166 to 200 mph. Complete
destruction of well-built residences and
large sections of school buildings
EF-5. Incredible damage.Wind +200 mph. Significant structural deformation of
mid- and high rise buildings.
Strong frame houses leveled off foundations and swept
away; automobile-sized missiles fly through the air in
ThunderstormsA storm containing thunder and Lightning
Usually produces heavy wind and
Occasionally hail.
Thunderstorms need:
Moisture
Unstable Air
Lift
Thunderstorm Formation
• Thunderstorms form when warm, humid air rises in an unstable environment.
• A number of things, such as unequal heating of Earth's surface or lifting of warm air along a front can trigger the upward air movement needed to create thunderstorm-producing cumulonimbus clouds.
• Severe thunderstorms produce high winds, damaging hail, flash floods, and tornadoes.
Tornado Precautions
• Go to a basement, if you have one.
• Get in the innermost room of your house. Avoid rooms with windows. Bathrooms are good.
• Crouch with arms above your head.
• If outside, lie in a ditch or get under a bridge.
• If you live in an area with a frequency of tornadoes, listen to forecasts.