www.periodni.com 4.0026 2 20.180 10 14.007 7 18 17 18.998 9 15.999 8 12.011 6 C 10.811 B 5 Al 13 Si 14 P 15 S 16 He Ne N Ar Cl F O IVA VA VIA VIIA VIIIA 13 14 15 16 17 18 IIIA 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1.0079 1 6.941 Li 3 9.0122 Be 4 22.990 Na 11 24.305 Mg 12 39.098 K 19 40.078 Ca 20 85.468 Rb 37 87.62 Sr 38 132.91 Cs 55 137.33 Ba 56 (223) Fr 87 (226) Ra 88 H IA IIA 1 2 138.91 La 57 174.97 Lu 71 140.12 Ce 58 140.91 Pr 59 144.24 Nd 60 (145) 61 150.36 Sm 62 151.96 Eu 63 157.25 Gd 64 158.93 Tb 65 162.50 Dy 66 164.93 Ho 67 167.26 Er 68 168.93 Tm 69 173.05 Yb 70 Pm (227) Ac 89 232.04 Th 90 231.04 Pa 91 238.03 U 92 (262) 103 (237) 93 (244) 94 (243) 95 (247) 96 (247) 97 (251) 98 (252) 99 (257) 100 (258) 101 (259) 102 Lr Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No 44.956 Sc 21 88.906 Y 39 IIIB 3 Tc Bh Rf Db Hs Mt 39.948 35.453 83.798 36 131.29 54 (222) 86 26.982 28.086 30.974 32.065 47.867 Ti 22 50.942 V 23 51.996 Cr 24 54.938 Mn 25 55.845 Fe 26 58.933 Co 27 58.693 Ni 28 63.546 Cu 29 65.38 Zn 30 69.723 Ga 31 72.64 Ge 32 74.922 As 33 78.96 Se 34 79.904 35 91.224 Zr 40 92.906 Nb 41 95.96 Mo 42 178.49 Hf 72 180.95 Ta 73 183.84 W 74 (98) 43 126.90 I 53 101.07 Ru 44 102.91 Rh 45 106.42 Pd 46 107.87 Ag 47 112.41 Cd 48 186.21 Re 75 190.23 Os 76 192.22 Ir 77 195.08 Pt 78 196.97 Au 79 200.59 Hg 80 204.38 Tl 81 207.2 Pb 82 208.98 Bi 83 (209) Po 84 (210) At 85 114.82 In 49 118.71 Sn 50 121.76 Sb 51 127.60 Te 52 Kr Xe Rn Br IVB VB VIB VIIB IB IIB VIIIB 5 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (272) 107 (267) 104 (268) 105 Sg (271) 106 (277) 108 (276) 109 (281) Ds 110 (280) Rg 111 (285) Cn 112 Uut Fl Uup (...) 113 (287) 114 (...) 115 (291) Lv 116 (...) Uus 117 (...) Uuo 118 Cd Pb Hg Cr Ba K 1550 °C 520 °C 300 °C 1560 °C 1450 °C 1540 °C Pure Appl. Chem., Vol. , No. 11, (2009) 2131-2156) 81 Pb , Ag , Hg , Hg , Bi , Cu , Cd , As , As , Sb , Sb , Sn , Sn , Fe , Fe , Cr , Al , Co , Ni , Mn , Zn , Ba , Sr , Ca , Mg , Na , K , NH 2+ + 2 2+ 2+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 3+ 5+ 3+ 5+ 2+ 4+ 2+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + + 4 + Hg , Bi , Cu , Cd , As , As , Sb , Sb , Sn , Sn , Fe , Fe , Cr , Al , Co , Ni , Mn , Zn , Ba , Sr , Ca , Mg , Na , K , NH 2+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 3+ 5+ 3+ 5+ 2+ 4+ 2+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + + 4 + Fe , Fe , Cr , Al , Co , Ni , Mn , Zn , Ba , Sr , Ca , Mg , Na , K , NH 2+ 3+ 3+ 3+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + + 4 + Co , Ni , Mn , Zn , Ba , Sr , Ca , Mg , Na , K , NH 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + + 4 + Ba , Sr , Ca , Mg , Na , K , NH 2+ 2+ 2+ 2+ + + 4 + Sb , Sn 3+ 2+ NaNO + 2 rhodamine B Zn-uranyl acetate HCl + HgCl 2 Sb S 2 3 Sb S 2 5 SnS 2 CrO , Al OH 4 2- 4 - ( ) HAc + Pb(Ac) 2 NH Cl 4 NH SCN 4 Fe OH ( ) 3 brown ppt. PRECIPITATE MnS pink ppt. ZnS white ppt. CoS black ppt. NiS black ppt. CoS black ppt. NiS black ppt. Co , Ni 2+ 2+ Mn , Zn 2+ 2+ MnO 2 brown ppt. HNO + NaBiO 3 3 HCl (conc.) orange ppt. orange ppt. yellow ppt. yellow ppt. yellow ppt. brown ppt. HNO 3 (conc.) NH 3 (conc.) Hg Cl + Hg 2 2 0 grey precipitate HNO +HO 3 2 2 (6 mol/L) (3 %) HCl (0.5 mol/L) NaOH +HO 2 2 (6 mol/L) (3 %) (NH ) C O 42 2 4 Na , K , + + NH 4 + PbCl 2 white ppt. AgCl white ppt. Hg Cl 2 2 white ppt. AgCl white ppt. Hg Cl 2 2 white ppt. Pb 2+ Ag NH ( ) 32 + PRECIPITATE HgS CuS CdS yellow ppt. Bi S 2 3 As S 2 3 yellow ppt. As S 2 5 yellow ppt. Sb S 2 3 orange ppt. Sb S 2 5 orange ppt. SnS brown ppt. SnS 2 yellow ppt. KOH (3 mol/L) HCl (3 mol/L) HCl (6 mol/L) II a subgroup II b subgroup HgS CuS black ppt. CdS yellow ppt. Bi S 2 3 brown ppt. HNO 3 (3 mol/L) HNO 3 (conc.) Hg NO ·2HgS ( ) 32 Bi OH ( ) 3 NH 3 (conc.) NH 3 (conc.) Bi , Cu , Cd 3+ 2+ 2+ Cu NH , Cd NH ( ) ( ) 34 2+ 34 2+ KCN + H S 2 HAc + Fe(CN) 6 4- SnO 2 2- AsS , AsO , SnS , SnO , SbS , SbO 4 3- 2 - 3 2- 3 2- 4 3- 2 - As S 2 3 As S 2 5 As S 2 3 As S 2 5 SnS PRECIPITATE NH Cl + NH OH 4 4 (NH ) PO + NH 42 4 3 (0.5 mol/L) (conc.) PRECIPITATE NaOH +HO 2 2 (6 mol/L) (3 %) Fe(OH) 3 brown ppt. Cr(OH) 3 grey-green p. Ba PO 3 42 ( ) white ppt. Ca PO 3 42 ( ) white ppt. Sr PO 3 42 ( ) white ppt. MgNH PO 4 4 white ppt. Ca (PO ) 3 42 white ppt. Sr (PO ) 3 42 white ppt. MgNH PO 4 4 white ppt. Sr , Ca , Mg 2+ 2+ 2+ Ca , Mg 2+ 2+ Mg 2+ Na Co(NO ) 3 26 NaOH + quinalizarine PRECIPITATE Zn OH 3 - ( ) HS 2 HO 2 (100 °C) K Cr O 2 2 7 Determined in the original solution Al(OH) 3 white ppt. SOLUTION ORIGINAL SOLUTION SOLUTION SOLUTION SOLUTION SOLUTION FLAME COLORING FLAME COLORING PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS PERIODIC TABLE OF THE ELEMENTS NH SCN 4 + amyl alcohol yellow ppt. yellow ppt. HNO 3 (conc.) NaAc + AgNO 3 white ppt. black ppt. HNO + HCl 3 (1:3) SnCl 2 Cu Fe(CN) 2 6 reddish brown ppt. Bi 0 brown precipitate CdS yellow precipitate AgCl white precipitate Sb-rhodamine pinkish-red coloration Sn 4+ grey ppt. Hg Cl 2 2 PbCrO 4 yellow precipitate HgNH Cl + Hg 2 0 black precipitate black ppt. black ppt. brown ppt. black ppt. PbCrO 4 yellow precipitate Al(OH) 3 white precipitate Fe(SCN) 2+ blood red coloration ZnS white precipitate Ni-dimethylglyoxime red precipitate Co(SCN) 4 2- deep blue coloration + dimethylglyoxime NH 3 (3 mol/L) MnO 4 - violet coloration BaCrO 4 yellow precipitate SrSO 4 white precipitate CH COOH 3 (conc.) K CrO 2 4 CH COOH 3 (conc.) (NH ) SO 42 4 CaC O 2 4 white precipitate Mg-quinalizarine blue coloration Na-uranyl acetate pale yellow precipitate K Co(NO ) 3 26 yellow precipitate Barium apple green Strontium crimson red Calcium brick red Sodium yellow Potassium violet Lower reduction zone Lower oxidation zone Higher reduction zone Higher oxidation zone (melting zone) Qualitative inorganic analysis SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CATIONS SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CATIONS Separate the clear liquid from the precipitate Test tubes Bunsen burner Heating in the water bath D s ownload Online calculators Periodic table of the elements Ag AsO 3 4 chocolate brown ppt. Copyright Eni Generali , Split © 2005-2014 c Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, , CROATIA Nessler's reagent yellow to brown ppt. HgO·Hg(NH ) 22 HS 2 (in acidic medium) (in basic medium) HS 2 http://www.periodni.com/download.html Download the latest version of poster. It's free!