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Sedimentary Sedimentary GeologyGeology
Geos 240 – Chapter Geos 240 – Chapter 88
Depositional Depositional EnvironmentsEnvironments
Part 1Part 1Introduction, Fluvial & Introduction, Fluvial &
CoastalCoastal Dr. Tark HamiltonDr. Tark Hamilton
Readings from Sediments & Basins: (8:1-Readings from Sediments & Basins: (8:1-67)67)
Camosun CollegeCamosun College
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Great Barrier Back Reef, Great Barrier Back Reef, QueenslandQueensland
Branching Corals & Carbonate Sand
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Depositional EnvironmentsDepositional Environments
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The Peace River, Ft. St. John, NE B.C.
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Four
3
1
2
4
DecreasingGradient:1>2>3>4
Gravel-Sand-Silt-Clay
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Sandy Braided River ModelSandy Braided River ModelBased on South Based on South SaskatchewanSaskatchewan
Flow & AggradationLateral Aggradation
Bars Persist for decades
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Anastomosed River ModelAnastomosed River ModelBased on Cumberland Based on Cumberland
Marshes,Marshes,East Central Saskatchewan-East Central Saskatchewan-
ManitobaManitoba
Flow Direction, C
hannel Sands
Crevasse Splay Deposit
Stable Vegetated Marsh
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Cutbank, Upwards Fining, Cutbank, Upwards Fining, CenozoicCenozoic
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Narrow Sand Body, Permian Anastomosed Narrow Sand Body, Permian Anastomosed River, NMRiver, NM
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Point Bar Sand with Point Bar Sand with Lateral AccretionLateral Accretion & & Mud FillMud Fill
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Cutbank, Arid Fluvial Sys. Cutbank, Arid Fluvial Sys. AZAZ
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Cutbank, Arid Fluvial Sys. Cutbank, Arid Fluvial Sys. AZAZ
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Cutbank, Carboniferous Channel Sand, KYCutbank, Carboniferous Channel Sand, KY
Collapsed & Rotated BlockOf Sandstone that fell
Into the Channel
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Cutbank, Sand on Sand, Cutbank, Sand on Sand, Jurassic AZJurassic AZ
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Box Canyon Cut into Basal Triassic Box Canyon Cut into Basal Triassic Unconformity AZUnconformity AZ
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Box Canyon Cut into Basal Triassic Box Canyon Cut into Basal Triassic Unconformity AZUnconformity AZ
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Caliche Paleosol, Triassic Redbeds, SpainCaliche Paleosol, Triassic Redbeds, Spain
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Caliche Paleosol, Triassic Redbeds, SpainCaliche Paleosol, Triassic Redbeds, Spain
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Interbedded Floodplain Siltstones & Musdtones Interbedded Floodplain Siltstones & Musdtones w/Channelw/Channel
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Thin Floodplain Muds over Sheet Sand, Devonian, Thin Floodplain Muds over Sheet Sand, Devonian, Arctic CanadaArctic Canada
UpwardsFining
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Modern Ergs: Eolian DesertsModern Ergs: Eolian DesertsTropic of Cancer & Capricorn ~25°N & S Tropic of Cancer & Capricorn ~25°N & S (Why Here?)(Why Here?)
Continental Interiors & Rainshadows Continental Interiors & Rainshadows (Find 2)(Find 2)
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Facies Model for an Erg Facies Model for an Erg (Desert)(Desert)
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Cyclic Stratigraphy of DunesCyclic Stratigraphy of Dunes
Climate, Sea Level, WT Change
MBS: Deflation, Lags, Ventifacts, Desert Varnish, Blow Outs, Downlap
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Stream (WT) Cutting Dunes, Stream (WT) Cutting Dunes, ColoradoColorado
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Interdune Pond: Mudcracks Interdune Pond: Mudcracks w/Silt, Gobiw/Silt, Gobi
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Slumped Bed on Face of Dune, Navajo Sandstone, ArizonaSlumped Bed on Face of Dune, Navajo Sandstone, Arizona
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The Barchan Dune that ate the Truck, GobiThe Barchan Dune that ate the Truck, Gobi
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Deflation Surface Ventifacts w/Desert Varnish GobiDeflation Surface Ventifacts w/Desert Varnish Gobi
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Deflation Surface Comet Marks: Sand in Lee, GobiDeflation Surface Comet Marks: Sand in Lee, Gobi
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The Ventifact: Wind Faceted The Ventifact: Wind Faceted StoneStone
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Deflation Surface w/Ventifacts, Triassic SpainDeflation Surface w/Ventifacts, Triassic Spain
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Deflation Surface w/Ventifacts, Permian ScotlandDeflation Surface w/Ventifacts, Permian Scotland
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Lacustrine DepositsLacustrine Deposits
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Lacustrine Oil Shales Green River Fm, Eocene WYLacustrine Oil Shales Green River Fm, Eocene WY
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Varved Glacio-lacustrine Clay/Silt, Pleistocene, ONVarved Glacio-lacustrine Clay/Silt, Pleistocene, ON
Dropstone(see notes)
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Hypothetical Coastal Depositional System FaciesHypothetical Coastal Depositional System Facies
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South Carolina Barrier Islands Spit Bars, Tide FlatsSouth Carolina Barrier Islands Spit Bars, Tide Flats
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South Carolina Barrier Islands EstuarySouth Carolina Barrier Islands Estuary
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Galveston Island & Matagordia Bay, TexasGalveston Island & Matagordia Bay, Texas
What are the green curves?
What is this feature?
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Dune & Beach, South Padre Island (Galveston, Texas)Dune & Beach, South Padre Island (Galveston, Texas)
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Turbulent Dispersion of Turbulent Dispersion of Shelf MudsShelf Muds
after Hurricane Ida MODIS after Hurricane Ida MODIS 10/10/0910/10/09
Sh
elf
Ida’
sP
ath
See Notes
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The End of Part 1!The End of Part 1!