Sediment Budget and Trends in Sediment Delivery for the Last 30 Years in the Illinois River Basin by Misganaw Demissie, Ph.D., P.E., Director and Laura Keefer Illinois State Water Survey Prairie Research Institute University of Illinois Champaign, IL
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Sediment Budget and Trends in Sediment Delivery for the
Last 30 Years in the Illinois River Basin
by Misganaw Demissie, Ph.D., P.E., Director
and
Laura Keefer
Illinois State Water Survey
Prairie Research Institute
University of Illinois
Champaign, IL
Outline
Background Sedimentation Issues in the Illinois River Sediment Budget
Location of Illinois River Basin
Background
The Illinois River is one of the major tributaries of the Mississippi River.
The Illinois River valley (that includes the main river, backwater lakes, side channels, and floodplain) is a significant ecological resource in the nation.
Many bottomland lakes along the river valley have lost much of their capacity to sediment accumulation.
Background (concluded)
Erosion and sedimentation has long been recognized as the principal causes for most of the environmental and ecological problems in the Illinois River valley.
At the present there are many initiatives including the Illinois Rivers 2020, Illinois River Conservation Enhancement Program (CREP), and several others that are addressing the erosion and sedimentation problem in the Illinois River watershed.
The sediment budget analysis is one of the critical information used for identifying and prioritizing projects in the basin.
Bank Erosion along the Right Side (Looking Downstream) of Richland Creek (This erosion site has subsequently been stabilized with bioengineering techniques.)
Partridge Creek Delta
Sedimentation Problem in a Backwater Lakes
Backwater Sedimentation
Sedimentation Pattern in Peoria Lake
Changes in Water Depths between 1903 and 1985
WY 1983 - 1986
-1
0
1
2
3
4
5
log
Qs
0 1 2 3 4 5
log Qw
05567510 Mackinaw River at Congerville
Sediment Rating Curve for Mackinaw River at Congerville
Annual Sediment Yield Equations for Tributary Streams in the Illinois River Valley
Des Plaines (109)Iroquois (232)Iroquois (233)Kankakee (124)Kankakee (125)Vermilion (122)Indian Creek (126)Spoon (241)Slug Run (240)Sangamon (246)La Moine (245)Big Creek (238)Big Creek (239)Mackinaw (236)Grindstone Creek (244)Grindstone Creek (444)Fox (117)
2 3 4 5
3 Equation number
Tributary Streams
Sediment Inflow, Outflow, and Deposition 19
81
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Water Year
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
Sed
imen
t (10
6 to
ns)
Total Inflow Outflow from Illinois River at Valley CityDeposition
Sediment Input: 12.8 million tons
per year
Sediment Deposition within the Illinois
River Valley: 7.6 million tons
per year
Sediment Outflow
at Valley City: 5.3 million
tons per year
Sediment Budget of the Illinois River Valley
Sediment Input: 12.1 million tons
per year
Sediment Deposition within the Illinois
River Valley: 6.7 million tons
per year
Sediment Outflow
at Valley City: 5.4 million
tons per year
1981-2000 1981-2010
Sediment Budget of the
Illinois River 1981-2000
300
280
260
240
220
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
BRANDONROADPOOL
LOCKPORTPOOL
DRESDENPOOL
MARSEILLESPOOL
STARVED ROCKPOOL
PEORIAPOOL
LA GRANGEPOOL
Mazon River
Big Bureau Creek
Valley City
Spoon River
LaMoineRiver
SangamonRiver
Vermilion River
Kankakee River
Mackinaw River
Fox River
DesPlainesRiver
0 1 2tons x 106
RIVERMILE
Illinois State Water Survey
WATER DISCHARGE
Sediment Budget of the Illinois River
Long Term Sediment Trends in the
Illinois River Basin
Illinois Benchmark Sediment Network:
Current Stations
ISWS Benchmark Sediment Monitoring Program (BSMP)
1980 - ISWS established the Illinois Benchmark Sediment Monitoring Network (BSMN) consisting of 50 monitoring stations throughout Illinois.
Currently there are 15 active monitoring stations ● Goal: Develop comprehensive, long-term database of
suspended sediment transport to provide a means for investigating and quantifying long-term trends that may be occurring in Illinois watersheds.
ISWS #124: Kankakee River near Wilmington, IL
ISWS# 122: Vermilion River near Leonore, IL
ISWS #245: La Moine River at Ripley, IL
ISWS# 249: Sangamon River at Monticello, IL
ISWS #229 Spoon River at London Mills, IL
Trends in Streamflow and Precipitation: Illinois River