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SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER
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SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER. Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Jan 02, 2016

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Page 1: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER

Page 2: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the energy changes that accompany these processes.

Page 3: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Matter is anything that has mass and volume.

Everything is made of matter

Page 4: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Characteristics used to describe an object

Properties are used to identify a substance

Ex: color, odor, shape, size, texture, hardness

Page 5: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Mass, weight, volume, and density

Page 6: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Mass is the amount of matter in an object

Mass is constant and does not change with location.

Mass is also the measure of inertia Inertia is the resistance of an object to changes in its

motion The more mass the greater the inertia

Page 7: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.
Page 8: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.
Page 9: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

1kg = 1000g

1 lb = 454g

Page 10: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

While mass deals with how much matter is present, weight takes into account the force of gravity.

Underwater and in space objects weight less than they do on earth but their mass is the same regardless of location.

Therefore, on Earth mass and weight represent the same thing.

Page 11: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.
Page 12: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Volume is the amount of space that an object occupies.

Page 13: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

The volume of liquids are usually determined using a graduated cylinder.

Units of liquid volume: milliliter, liter, gallon, pint, etc.

1L = 1000mL

Page 14: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Volume of a regularly shaped solid is determined using a geometric formula

BOX: Volume = length X width X height

CYLINDER: Volume = ∏r2h

Units of solid volume: cm3

1mL = 1cm3

Page 15: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Volume of a dry powder can be measured using a graduated measuring cup.

Page 16: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Volume of an irregularly shaped object can be determined by immersing the object in water and measuring the amount of water displaced.

Page 17: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.
Page 18: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Extensive Properties-a characteristic that is specific to the amount of matter.

In other words, the property changes with the amount of the substance.

Ex. Mass, volume, weight, & length are extensive properties.

Extensive properties alone are not sufficient in identifying a substance.

Page 19: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Density- the amount of substance or mass contained in a certain space.

The mass per unit volume.Density is useful in identifying the composition of a substance.

Temperature alters the density of a substance

Page 20: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Density = mass/volume

Common Units of Density = g/mL, g/cm3

Page 21: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

The density of water at room temperature is 1.0g/mL.

Any object with a density greater than 1.0g/mL will sink in water.

Any object with a density less than 1.0g/mL will float in water.

Page 22: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Material Density Material Density

Zinc 7.1g/cm3 Gold 19.3g/cm3

Paper 0.8g/cm3 Brass 8.4g/cm3

Water 1.0g/mL Copper 9.0g/cm3

Aluminum 2.7g/cm3 Lead 11.4g/cm3

Page 23: SECTION I: DEFINING MATTER.  Chemistry is the study of the composition, structure and properties of matter, the processes that matter undergoes and the.

Intensive Properties-a characteristic that does not depend on the size or amount of matter.

In other words, the property remains constant regardless of the amount of the substance.

Ex. Density, color, hardness, boiling point, melting point, etc.

Intensive properties are useful in identifying a substance.