Second meeting of the WG on Fibre Crops - CGIAR

Second meeting of the WG on Fibre CropsCZECH REPUBLIC 07 09 JULY 2010CZECH REPUBLIC 07-09 JULY 2010

Grassi Gianpaolo

C.R.A.-CIN Industrial Crop Research C tCentre,Branch sectionof Rovigo

[email protected]

The Hemp germplasmThe Hemp germplasmcollections in Italy

Researchers in charge:

Dr Giuseppe MANDOLINODr. Giuseppe MANDOLINODr. Mario DI CANDILODr. Gianpaolo GRASSI

C.R.A. – CINIndustrial Crop Research CentreBranch section of RovigoBranch section of Rovigo

E-mail: [email protected]@[email protected]

The Italian law (n° 309/1990) imposes a period from 6 to 20 years of jail for d ffi kidrug trafficking.

It is forbidden to grow hemp that has a THC content higher than 0 2%content higher than 0,2%.Only authorized researchers could grow thedrug plants with very restrict conditions in indoor.

The thefts are very actives and smartThe thefts are very actives and smart.

Solution: increase the efficiency of storage and multiplication of seed.

1. Actually the small amount of seed is stored in sealed aluminumbags at -20°C. (Conditioned seed at 4-5% of humidity).g ( y)

2. Very precious materials could be stored in liquid nitrogen for indefinitetime.

3. In vitro culture of clones to multiply with high efficiency the most importantgenotypes.

Characterization of Hemp germplasm: p g pfield trials

1. Seed germinability2 Ch t2. Chemotype 3. Cannabinoid content at flowering4. Sex phenotypes5 Habitus5. Habitus 6. DNA fingerprinting (partial)7. Fiber content (limited to Italian varieties)

Field reproduction using physical barriers to isolate the different genotypes

Automatic screento control the

Protected screen for breedingto control thephotoperiod withartificial light andshadowing duringshadowing duringlong days

Indoor facility with automatic control of many variables

It li h l t CRA CINItalian hemp germplasm at CRA-CIN

•Different seed lots of the same variety (e.g. Carmagnola);R t diti l it li t ( C l i t•Rare traditional italian ecotypes (e.g. Carmagnola gigante, Eletta Campana, Napoletana, Pinnatofida);•New varieties (Yellow apex, Red petiole, monoeciousvarieties);

•Breeding lines;•Experimental hybrids between fibre and drug strains p y g(to study heterosis and cannabinoid segregation).•Part of the collection is at Bologna and part at Rovigo

Italian hemp germplasm at CRA-CINItalian hemp germplasm at CRA CIN

•Carmagnola (1994, 1999, 2001, 2005)•C.S. (1994, 1998)•Fibranova (1994 1998 2001 2005)•Fibranova (1994, 1998, 2001, 2005)•Eletta Campana (1994)•Napoletana (1994)•Pinnatofida (1994)•Pinnatofida (1994)•Carmagnola gigante (1994)•Sud Italian accession (=CAN18/86, 1998)•SIMonA (monoecious line derived from CAN18/86)SIMonA (monoecious line derived from CAN18/86)•Bernabeo (dioecious, CBG-rich new fiber variety)•Yellow apex and Red Petiole, Fibranova-derived varieties obtained by mutagenesis)g )

I. chemotype

Variation partition in hemp accessions

51%49%

51%

Withi i B t iWithin accessions Between accessions

5.00

Chemotype I

3.00

4.00

C, %

d.w

. Chemotype II

II. chemotype

0 00

1.00

2.00THC

Chemotype III

yp

0.000.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00

CBD, % d.w. a

0.20

0.25

Chemotype IV

0.10

0.15

CB

G, %

d.w

.

0.00

0.05

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00

CBD+THC, % d.w.

Chemotype V

b, b

III. sex compositioncomposition

Colorimetric evaluation ofcannabinoids

GC profiles of plants with the CBG chemotype in the 2005GC profiles of plants with the CBG chemotype in the 2005

CBG

Squala

I.S.

CBD

I.S.Squala

G h t h fGas-chromatography ofessential oilGC profiles of plants with the CBD chemotypes in the 2005

End sesEnd uses

•Cannabinoids•seed •fibre•fibre•core•aroma

Thank you for the attentionThank you for the attention