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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 2012
BSPNSavi zRvis samSvidobo qseli
www.bspn.gfsis.org
S i n a a r s i
Savi zRvis samSvidobo qselis saqarTvelos eqspertTa sabWos
Sexvedra
2012 wlis 15 noembers saqarTvelos strategiisa da saerTaSoriso
urTierTobebis kvlevis fondSi gaimarTa Savi zRvis samSvidobo qselis
eqspertTa morigi Sexvedra. Sexve-dras eswrebodnen Savi zRvis
samSvidobo qselis eqspertebi, proeqtze momuSave gundi da samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis warmo-madgenlebi.
es iyo saparlamento arCevnebis Sedegad mTavrobis gundis Secvlis
Semdgom Catarebuli pirveli Sexvedra, ro-melic bunebrivad pasuxobda
axali da Zveli xedvebis Sedar-ebis mimarT sazogadoebaSi arsebul
interess.
Sexvedraze moxsenebebiT warsdgnen qeTevan cixelaS-vili,
reintegraciis sakiTxebSi saxelmwifo ministris moadg-ile, romelmac
damswre sazogadoebas gaacno saqarTveloSi konfliqtebis mogvarebis
axleburi xedva da sergi kapanaZe, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis
profesori, saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministris yofili moadgile,
moxsenebiT sta-tusneitraloba, rogorc konfliqtis gasaRebi.
qeTevan cixelaSvilma Sexvedraze aRniSna, rom axali xelisufleba
cdilobs ar ganaxorcielos konfliqtebTan da maT mogvarebsaTan
dakavSirebuli wina xelisuflebis dros Seqmnili kanonmdebloba, meti
yuradReba dauTmos realuri da xelSesaxebi resursebis Ziebas
dapirispirebul mxareebs Soris ndobis aRdgenis mimarTulebiT, mzad
aris izrunos is-eTi proeqtebisa da ideebis ganxorcielebaze, romelic
xels Seuwyobs ormxrivi kavSirebis ganviTarebas rogorc ruseT-Tan,
aseve osur da afxazur mxareebTan.
sergi kapanaZem warmodgenil analizSi ganaviTara idea, rom
konfliqtis dapirispirebul mxareTa urTierTobaSi axlo momavalSi
progresi SesaZloa mxolod im sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, romlebic
statusneitralur xasiaTs atareben. is urCevs axal maTavrobas, rom
maqsimalurad gaiTvaliswo-nos am TvalsazrisiT Jenevis
molaparakebebSi dagrovili ga-mocdileba.
gv. 1Savi zRvis samSvidobo qse-lis saqarTvelos eqspert-Ta sabWos
Sexvedra
gv. 2qeTevan cixelaSvili. saqa-rTveloSi konfliqtebis mogvarebis
axleburi xe-dva
gv. 4sergi kapanaZe. status-neitraloba, rogorc kon-fliqtis
transformaciis potenciuri gasaRebi
gv. 7Sorena lorTqifaniZe.usafrTxoebis seqtoris saparlamento
kontrolis meqanizmebi, arsebuli praqtika da axali
perspe-qtivebi
gv. 10izolda tigievi. zogadi rekomendaciebi efeqturi Sedegebis
misaRebad ero-vnebaTaSorisi konfliqt-bis daregulirebisas
gv. 12nikoloz TevzaZe. dnest-rispireTis konfliqti da misi
mogvarebis perspeq-tivebi
Sexvedrebi da movlenebi
statiebi
www.bspn.gfsis.org
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20122
orive moxsenebam damswre sazogadoebis didi interesi gamoiwvia.
daisva mravali kiTx-va da gamoiTqva varaudebi. momxseneblebma
Se-Zlebisdagvarad upasuxes dasmul SekiTxvebs.
saqarTveloSi konfliqtebis mogvarebis axleburi xedva
qeTevan cixelaSvili
konfliqtebis mogvarebis axleburi mid-gomebis gamoyenebis sivrce
sakmaod SezRudulia. dRes aris gacilebiT rTuli viTareba, vidre Cvens
winamorbedebs daxvdaT. aris memkvidreobiT miRebuli garkveuli
mocemulobebi, garkveuli realoba, romlis ugulebelyofac SeuZlebelia.
swored amitom politikis garkveul mimarTule-bebsac axasiaTebs wina
xelisuflebisgan gad-mosuli memkvidreobiToba. vgulisxmobT imas,
pirvel rigSi, rom ოrive regioni, afxazeTic da samaCabloc, aris
okupirebuli. aseve mniS-vnelovania maTi damoukidebel saxelmwifoebad
araRiarebis mimarTuleba. rogorc cnobilia, saxelmwifoebis ucnaurma
klubma ruseTs mibaZa da misi ZalisxmeviT es teritoriebi (afxazeTi
da samxreT oseTi) damoukidebel erTeulebad aRiares. amitom Zalian
mniSvnelovania, rom es xazi _ Zalisxmeva maTi Semdgomi
araRiarebisaT-vis _ SenarCundes. memkvidreobiT aris miRebu-li aseve
kanoni okupirebuli teritoriebis Ses-axeb, CarTulobis strategia,
samoqmedo gegma, modalobebi, romelTa mimarTac Cveni midgoma
gulisxmobs, rom TviTon kanoni, swored im par-adigmidan gamomdinare,
rom saqarTvelos teri-toriebi aris okupirebuli, iqneba da
gagrZel-deba, miuxedavad imisa, rom am kanonis miRebisas da am
modalobebis Camoyalibebisas (2010 wlis oqtomberSi) arsebobda azrTa
sxvadasxvaoba da mwvave kamaTi. xazgasmiT unda aRiniSnos, rom,
Cveni midgomiT, maqsimalurad unda SevecadoT, Tundac xelT arsebul
samarTlebriv CarCoSi, gavxsnaT SesaZleblobebi imisaTvis, rom
Car-Tuli iyos rogorc saerTaSoriso, ise adgilo-brivi arasamTavrobo
seqtori. zogadad midgo-ma, gansxvavebiT wina xelisuflebisagan,
aqcents ara kontrolsa da SezRudvaze unda akeTebdes, aramed
TanamSromlobasa da ndobaze dafuZneb-uli urTierTobis
gafarToebaze.
aseve memkvidreobiTaa miRebuli Jenevis molaparakebebi. Zalian
mniSvnelovania, rom am mimarTulebiT Cven vTanamSromlobT wina
xe-lisuflebis warmomadgenlebTan, vinc uSua-lod iyo CarTuli am
procesSi. gvinda, rom am
sakiTxSi SenarCundes erTgvari gangrZobiToba. Jenevis formati
rCe-ba qarTul-rusuli urTierTobebis for-matad da miuxedavad
mosazrebebisa _ es unda Seicvalos Tu ar unda Seicvalos _ Cveni
amJamindeli damokidebuleba da moklevadiani amoca-naa, rom es
formati SenarCundes im saxiT, rogorc aris, Tumca ar gamoiricxeba,
rom afxazebTan da osebT-an ganviTardes sxva tipis kontaqtebic.
kidev erTi sakiTxi, rom-lis mxardaWerasac vagrZelebT, aris
piroba, romelic saaqrTvelos pre-zidentma gamoTqva strasburgSi Zalis
argamoyenebis Tao-baze. prezidentma gaamyara calmxrivi valdebuleba,
ro-melic `sarkozi-med-vedevis~ 6-punqtiani x elSe kruleb ida n ukve
gamomdinareobs. qarTuli mxare amiT kidev erTxel daa-dasturebs, rom
Cveni ganzraxva aris mSvi-dobiani da arc rito-rikiT, arc saqmiT da
arc SinaarsiT ar uka-vSirdeba Zalis gamoyenebis faqtors.
rac Seexeba CarTulobis strategiasTan da samoqmedo gegmasTan
dakavSirebul komponen-tebs, Tavis droze bevri eqsperti
monawileob-da am dokumentebis SeqmnaSi. cnobilia, rom mis miRebas,
terminologiis gamo, mohyva mwvave reaq-cia afxazuri da osuri
mxareebidan. TavisTavad misaRebia bevri idea, Cadebuli am
strategiasa da samoqmedo gegmaSi. didi warmateba iqneba, Tuki
SevZlebT da mivaRwevT imas, rom Sevqm-naT safuZveli da foni
strategiaSi mocemuli punqtebis (maTi, romlebic mimarTulia ndobis
aRdgenaze, kontaqtebis gaRrmavebaze, Zalian mniSvnelovani
sxvadasxva sakiTxis mogvarebaze) Sesasruleblad.
qeTevan cixelaSvili _ reintegraciis sakiTxebSi
s a q a r T v e l o s saxelmwifo min-istris pirve-li moadgile. s
aerTaSoriso urTierTobebis s p e c i a l i s t i
(iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo univer-siteti,
1999) saerTaSoriso urTierTobebisa da evropuli kvlevebis magistri
(evropis centralur universiteti, 2000), ilias saxelmwifo
uni-versitetis filosofiisa da socialur mecnierebaTa fakultetis
doqtoranti (2006 wlidan), akademiuri mkvlevari friburgis
uni-versitetSi (Sveicaria, 2011). 2006-2012 wlis oqtombramde _
Tbilisis liberaluri aka-demiis (LAT) direqtori, 2012 wlis ianvridan
2012 wlis oqtombramde _ aRmosavleT partniorobis samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis forumis saqa-rTvelos erovnuli plat-formis Tavmjdomare,
2008 wlidan dRemde ilias univer-sitetSi kiTxulobs leqciebs
evropaTmcodneobaSi. 2002-2010 ww-Si _ fridrix nauma-nis sax. fondis
konsultanti saqarTveloSi; wlebis manZil-ze muSaobda sxvadasxva
kvle-viT proeqtsa Tu organizaci-aSi konfliqtebis mogvarebis,
politikisa da Tavdacvis, um-ciresobebis mimarTulebiT.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20123
kanonTan da modalobebTan dakavSirebiT aRsaniSnavia, rom ar
gveqneba xisti damokide-buleba SesaZlo cvlilebebis mimarT, Tuki
konkretuli punqtebi realurad xels SeuSlis saqmianobas. Tumca am
etapisaTvis gadavwyviteT, rom viaroT ufro mcire, magram
mniSvnelovani nabijebiT. Cveni midgoma imiT gansxvavdeba wina
xelisuflebisagan, rom 2008 wlamdec da mis Semdgom faqtobrivad
konfliqtSi did-wilad gamoricxuli, ugulebelyofili iyo kon-fliqtis
qarTul-afxazuri da qarTul-osuri komponenti. Cven, cxadia, vfiqrobT,
rom kon-fliqtSi farToa qarTul-rusuli konteqsti da amis ignorireba
SeuZlebelia, magram moce-muloba, sadac unda ganviTardes da gaiSalos
saqarTvelos mTavrobis Zalisxmeva, ar aris mx-olod Cveni saministros
kompetencia. am mimar-TulebiT ukve gadaidga nabijebi, magaliTad,
ruseTTan urTierTobis sakiTxebSi saqarT-velos premier-ministris
specialuri warmomad-genlis, zurab abaSiZis, daniSvniT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom faqtobrivad SeuZlebeli iqneba normaluri
diplomatiuri urTierTobebis aRdgena, roca grZeldeba okupacia da
saelCoebi gaxsnilia ro-gorc afxazeTis, ise cxinvalis, samxreT
oseTis, regionebSi, magram SesaZlebelia da mzad varT, rom praqtikul
doneze _ ekonomikur, savaWro urTierTobebSi _ moxdes normalizeba.
swored es iyo saqarTvelos xelisuflebis gzavnili. CvenTan mudmivad
mimdinareobs konsultaciebi da am etapze velodebiT sapasuxo
qmedebebs, Tumca mxolod molodiniT ar Semovifargle-biT da
darwmunebuli varT, batoni zurab aba-SiZe muSaobs imisaTvis, rom
viTareba realurad gaumjobesdes.
SezRudul sivrceSi samoqmedod Cven gvaqvs garkveuli
resursebi:
1. xelisuflebis cvlileba mSvidobi-ani gziT, romelic ar aris
umniSvnelo faqti da mocemuloba TavisTavad, magram aseve
sain-teresoa, ra datvirTva aqvs amas osuri da afxa-zuri
mxarisaTvis. adre maT miaCndaT, rom mix-eil saakaSvili da misi
xelisufleba aris mxare, romelTanac, maTi azriT, ar SeiZleboda
dialo-gi. xdeboda mmarTveli gundis garkveuli per-sonificireba da
demonizacia, damsaxurebulad Tu daumsaxureblad, maTi saxiT Seqmnili
iyo mtris xati. axlaargumenti, rom `saakaSvils ar
daelaparakebodnen~, moixsna. Cven gvaqvs resur-si, rom pirdapir
davamyaroT kontaqti. gvyavs xalxi, vinc sapirispiro mxaris TvalSi
ndobiT sargeblobs (mag., paata zaqaraeiSvili, irakli alasania,
guram odiSaria da sxv.) da ndobis aR-dgenis saqmeSi maTi wvlili
gamosadegari iqne-boda. Tumca mxolod es faqtori suraTis
Ses-acvlelad sakmarisi ar aris. amrigad, migvaCnia,
rom unda gagrZeldes arCeuli gziT svla, amave dros qveyanaSi
Sesabamisi demokratiuli re-formebis fonze, TavisTavad viTarebis
Secvla, savaraudod, mogvcems komunikaciis gafarToe-bis da
undoblobis momentis gadalaxvis Sesa-Zleblobas afxazur da osur
mxareebTan.
2. qarTul-rusuli urTierTobebi ufro kompleqsuri da rTulia da
bevri uwyebis muS-aobasa da koordinirebas moiTxovs. amis gareSe
Znelia warmodgena, rom warmatebis miRweva Sei-Zleba ufro
grZelvadiani proeqtebiTa da xed-vebiT.
3. ugulebelyofili iyo kontaqtebi af-xazur da osur mxareebTan.
rac Seexeba am mxa-reebis realurad da samarTlebrivad (okupa-ciis
paradigmidan gamomdinarec) konfliqtebis mxareebad aRiarebas, es
garkveul kazusebs uka-vSirdeba. amdenad, Cven meti muSaoba
dagvWird-eba, raTa realurad SevZloT am xalxTan komu-nikaciis
arxebis gaWra, Tundac araformalur, naxevrad formalur da sxva
doneze, rac poli-tikurad naklebad konotaciuri iqneba, ZiriTad
gzavnilebsa da mesijebs ar daarRvevs da ar daazaralebs saxelmwifo
interesebs. angariSga-sawevia `iqiTa mxridan~ reaqcia. rogorc
viciT, aris midrekileba, rom nebismieri nabiji monaT-luli da aRqmul
iqnes, rogorc damoukide-blobisken gadadgmuli kidev erTi nabiji.
am-rigad, frTxili politikiT, magram aucile-blad saWiroa, rom es
kontaqtebi aRdges, raTa saerTod rameze vilaparakoT.
ra aris amisTvis saWiro? marto per-sonaliebis Secvla ar kmara.
vfiqrob, Cven ga-davdgamT calmxriv nabijebs, rac SeiZleba
kon-struqciulad aRiqvas meore mxarem. aseT nabi-jad SeiZleba
ganvixiloT wina xelisuflebi-sagan wamosuli Zalis gamouyeneblobis
Sesaxeb valdebulebis gamyareba. rogor da ra formiT SeiZleba sxva,
simboluri, magram meore mxari-saTvis Zalian didi politikuri
datvirTvis mqone nabijebis gadadgma? magaliTad, Cveni sa-ministros
saxelwodebis Secvla, romelic ar aris arc procedurulad da arc
Sinaarsoblivad martivi sakiTxi. mniSvnelovania, ra erqmeva
sa-ministros, yovel SemTxvevaSi, reintegracia, im mesijebiT,
romelic modis, maTTvis (afxazebisa da osebisTvis) aris miuRebeli.
is aferxebs maT mondomebas, rom raime urTierToba daamyaron CvenTan.
aseve aris sxva praqtikuli nabijebi, saerTaSoriso proeqtebi,
romlebic mimarTu-lia adamianis saWiroebaze, gamyofi xazebis miRma,
romelTac garkveuli Seferxeba hqon-daT sxvadasxva politikuri
konotaciis gamo da Cven veZebT gzebs, rogor SeiZleba realurad maTi
amoqmedeba ise, rom adamianebs garkveuli sargebelic hqondeT da
saWiroebebic daikmayo-
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20124
filon. aseTi proeqtebi SeiZleba Seexos infra-struqturis
ganviTarebas, maT Soris, gazis mi-wodebas. aseve aris programa,
romelic muSaobs da erT-erTi warmatebuli xazi iyo wina
xelisu-flebisa _ jandacvis programa, raSic CarTuli iyo mosaxleoba
ZiriTadad afxazeTis regioni-dan. calmxrivi nabijebi Cveni mxridan
gvaZlevs saSualebas, rom movsinjoT iqiT mxares ra xde-ba. afxazebsa
da osebs undaT komunikacia da dialogi, Tumca maTi gancxadebebi
xSirad gan-sxvavebulia. maT eZlevaT Sansi gaacnobieron, rom
intensiuri rusifikaciis pirobebSi jer kidev SesaZlebelia qarTul
mxaresTan ndobaze, garantiebze dafuZnebuli dialogi gamarTon.
4. aseve mniSvnelovani resursia arasam-Tavrobo seqtori, radganac
oficialuri struq-turis moqmedebis gasaqani aris bunebrivad
Sez-Ruduli. bevr saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan da
warmomadgenlobasTan Cveni Sexvedrebi ar iyo mxolod gacnobiTi
xasiaTisa. Cven urT-ierTTanamSromlobasa da urTierTxelSewyo-baze
vsaubrobdiT. afxazuri mediis cnobiT, isini apireben SezRudon
saerTaSoriso orga-nizaciebis moqmedebis areali. datovon mxolod
galSi, xolo regionis danarCeni nawilidan ga-moaZevon. es ar exeba
mxolod humanitarul or-ganizaciebs. am pirobebSi raime saxis
kontro-lis daweseba qarTuli mxridan arc Cvens xedvas ar Seesabameba
da arc aris gamarTlebuli, arc racionalurad da arc strategiulad.
CvenTvis mniSvnelovania gaizardos samoqalaqo sazoga-doebis
CarTuloba, amisTvis Cven viqnebiT maqsimalurad gaxsnili da xels
SevuwyobT Za-lisxmevas, romelic mimarTulia kontaqtebis
damyarebisken, ndobis aRdgenisken da a.S.
aris interesebi, romlebic arsebobs orive mxares, bunebrivia,
bevri ar aris aseTi, magram amgvar sferoebs miekuTvneba
ekonomi-kuri sakiTxebi, vaWroba, gacvla-gamocvla da a.S. axla
SevexeT imas, Tu rogor SevqmnaT CarCo imisaTvis, rom SevZloT
vilaparakoT sxva ti-pis, ufro masStabur, Sinaarsobrivad datvir-Tul
proeqtebze. magaliTad, aris mravali kv-leva da viciT, rom
tvirTbrunva da vaWroba mainc xdeboda da axlac xdeba, miuxedavad
imisa, rom Zalian gamkacrda gamyof xazze, engurze, kontroli. 2012
wlis 29 oqtombridan rusebi sruliad akontroleben iq situacias.
cxadia, erT-erTi mTavari prioritetia mimosvlis Ta-visufleba da am
pirobebis gaadvileba adgilo-brivi mosaxleobisaTvis, vinc ukve
gadadis da gadmodis savaWro Tu komerciuli miznebiT. aseve
mniSvnelovani sferoa jandacva da gana-Tleba, sadac daxmareba da
xelSewyobis meqa-nizmebis Seqmnaa saWiro. Cveni dRis wesrigidan ar
moxsnila adamianis uflebebis sakiTxi, galis
sakiTxi, devnilebis sakiTxi, romelic imdenad politizirebulia am
diskursSi, rom yvela sxva sakiTxis ganxilvis mcdelobas blokavs.
amitom cota ufro grZelvadianad da sxvadasxva sakiTx-Tan kompleqsSi
unda ganvixiloT. kidev erTxel aRvniSnav, rom, marTalia ar xdeba
afiSireba, ma-gram daintereseba meore mxridanac arsebobs _
ekologia, garemos dacva, profesiuli jgufebis gacvla-gamocvla,
gacvla Jurnalistebs So-ris, axalgazrdebs Soris, rac Cvens
interessac warmoadgens. aseve mniSvnelovania saeqsperto wreebs
Soris arsebuli garkveuli kontaqtebis gamoyeneba da xelSewyoba.
Cveni politika iqneba deizolaciuri, amisTvis yvela is
SesaZleblo-ba, romelic ar daazianebs saxelmwifo inter-ess, unda
iqnes gamoyenebuli.
statusneitraloba, rogorc konfliqtis transformaciis potenciuri
gasaRebi
sergi kapanaZe
dRes, rodesac saqarTvelos axali xe-lisufleba hyavs, arsebobs
Sansi, rom axal, ufro maRal doneze gadavides konfliqtis mogvarebis
Zalisxmeva Tbilisis mxridan. ofi-cialurma Tbilisma ukve mravali
mosazreba gaaxmaura, Tumca maTi umravlesoba mxolod mo-sazrebad
darCa da konkretuli Tanmdevi nabi-jebi ar mohyolia. aseT ideebs
Soris iyo afxa-zeTis gavliT rkinigzis aRdgena, ergneTis baz-robis
msgavsi ekonomikuri centris Seqmna, cx-invalis da soxumis mier
miRebuli dokumentebis aRiareba da reintegraciis saministrosTvis
saxelis gadarqmeva. aqedan ukanaskneli yvelaze martivia da
savaraudo saxelebic arsebobs. axa-li saministro SeiZleba iyos
Serigebis, mSvido-bis da umciresobebis sakiTxebis, an Serigebis da
samoqalaqo Tanasworobis, an Serigebis da erovnuli umciresobebis
sakiTxebis saminis-tro. Tvisebrivad yvela am saxels erTi aqvs
saerTo _ isini yvela statusneitraluri sax-elebia. aqamde
saministros saxelSi cneba “rein-tegraciis” arseboba gulisxmobda
koncefcias, rom afxazeTi da cxinvalis regioni dakargu-li iyo da
axla maTi SemoerTeba, reintegracia unda momxdariyo. swored es iyo
is sababi, ris gamoc cxinvali da soxumi uars acxadebdnen am
saministros warmomadgenlebTan Sexvedraze. axla, statusneitraluri
saxelis SemoRebiT, saqarTvelos mTavrobas SeuZlia es sababi
moa-Soros cxinvalis da soxumis pozicias.
statusneitraloba bolo oTxi wlis man-Zilze saqarTvelos
xelisuflebis aradeklari-
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20125
rebuli modus operandi iyo okupirebul teri-toriebTan mimarTebiT.
am principis ukan iyo gulwrfeli survili gveCvenebina soxumisa da
cxinvalisTvis, rom statusTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi am etapze
mougvarebeli iyo, Tum-ca mogvarebadi iyo sxva, SedarebiT
meorex-arisxovani sakiTxebi, romlebic adgilobrivi
m o s a xl eo b i sT v i s albaT ufro mniS-vnelovanic kia,
vi-dre efemeruli dis-kusia statusis Te-maze. amgvar sakiTxebs
Sorisaa vaWrobis aR-dgena, Tavisufali mimosvla, ganaTleba, socialur
da humani-tarul saqmianobaSi Tavisufali monaw-ileoba da sxv.
ra aris sta-tu s n e itr aluro -ba? statusisadmi neitraluroba ar
gulisxmobs afxa-zeTis da cxinvalis regionis aRiarebas! aseve ar
gulisxmobs soxumis da cxinva-lis mier Cveni suve-renitetis
aRiarebas an moskovis mxridan am teritoriebis da-moukideblobisadmi
poziciis Secvlas. Zalian martivad rom vTqvaT, es principi SeiZleba
gamoixa-tos Semdeg frazaSi _ `SevTanxmdeT, rom ver vTanxmdebiT
sta-tusze. SevTanxmdeT, rom aRar movaxvevT erTmaneTs statusTan
dakavSirebul Temebs, Tumca daviwyebT TanamS-romlobas im mizniT,
rom aRdges xalxTaSorisi urTierTobebi. kerZod, afxazeTisTvis es
iqneba keTilmezobluri urTierTobebi, CvenTvis ki _ CarTulobis
politikis ganxorcieleba. gavake-ToT aqcenti Sinaarsze da ara
formaze~. amav-droulad unda vaRiaroT, rom es niSnavs imas, rom
saqarTvelo ganagrZobs okupaciis legiti-maciasTan dakavSirebul
saerTaSoriso qmede-bebs, xolo ruseTi _ aRiarebis mopovebas,
cxin-vali da soxumi _ TavianTi `damoukideblobisT-vis~ swrafvas,
saqarTvelo ki _ teritoriuli
mTlianobis aRdgenis mizniT muSaobas. statu-sisadmi neitralurobis
SenarCuneba ar niSnavs, rom Cven am yvelafers viwonebT da rom uars
vambobT teritoriul mTlianobaze, es mxolod imas niSnavs, rom Cven
`vTanxmdebiT, rom ver vTanxmdebiT~. amgvarad, SesaZlebeli iqneba
kon-fliqtis transformacia dRes arsebuli sta-tus-kvodan imgvarad,
rom konfliqti gaxdeba ararelevanturi.
mainc sad iqna gamoyenebuli status-neitraluri midgoma wina
wlebSi?
Jenevis diskusiebis Seqmna: Tavad Jenevis saerTaSoriso
diskusiebi statusneitraluri formati araa. mas safuZvlad udevs 12
agvis-tos cecxlis Sewyvetis xelSekruleba, romelic saqarTvelos da
ruseTs Soris gaformda. Sesa-bamisad, es aris formati saqarTvelos da
ru-seTs Soris cxinvalis regionSi da afxazeTSi usafrTxoebis da
stabilurobis misaRwevad da devnilebis da iZulebiT gadaadgilebuli
pirebis dasabruneblad. Jenevis diskusiebis damfuZnebeli e.w.
proceduruli nota, ro-melic safuZvlad daedo formatis ganmsaz-Rvrel
procedurebs ambobs, rom molaparake-bebi unda iyos ramdenime doneze
_ plenarul doneze (monawileebi _ saqarTvelo, ruseTi, aSS,
evrokavSiri, gaero, euTo) da samuSao jgufebis doneze (zemoT
naxsenebi monawileebi, plus war-momadgenlebi afxazeTidan da samxreT
oseTi-dan, rac bundovani frazaa da tovebs SesaZle-blobas, rom am
formulirebaSi aseve ganxilul iqnen legitimuri xelisuflebis
warmomadgen-lebic). plenaruli formati am etapze ar muS-aobs, radgan
ruseTs ar surs saqarTvelosTan dialogis formati, romelic mas
konfliqtis mxared aRiarebs. Sesabamisad, erTaderTi for-mati,
romelic amJamad muSaobs Jenevis mo-laparakebebSi aris samuSao
jgufebis Sexvedris formati. es formati ki, klasikuri gagebiT,
statusneitraluria. masSi monawileebi war-moadgenen mxolod sakuTar
Tavs da ara qveynebs, qalaqebs da dedaqalaqebs. maT ar aqvT saxelis
an qveynis aRmniSvneli bejebi da, Sesabamisad, arc uflebamosili
arian rames xeli moaweron. amgvar formatSi ukve Jenevis
molaparakebebis 22 raundi gaimarTa da miuxedavad imisa, rom
fundamenturi garRveva ar yofila, molapara-kebebi arsebobs da
formati SenarCunebulia.
incidentebis prevenciis da maTze re-agirebis meqanizmebis
Seqmna. 2009 wlis Teber-valSi Seiqmna incidentebis prevenciis da
maTze reagirebis meqanizmebi. am meqanizmis Seqmnis dokumentSi
aRniSnulia, rom meqanizmebSi unda CaerTon “Sesabamis teritoriebze
usafrTxoe-bisa da sazogadoebrivi wesrigis uzrunvelyo-faze
pasuxismgebeli struqturebis warmomad-
sergi kapanaZe _ saqarT-velos reformebis asociaciis
( G R A S S - G e o r g i a ’ s Reforms as-sociates)
dam-fuZnebeli, T b i l i s i s iv. javaxiS-vilis sax-e l m w i f
o
universitetis saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis departamen-tis
asocirebuli profesori evropuli kvlevebisa da saer-TaSoriso
molaparakebebis specialobiT (2004 wlidan). sadoqtoro disertacia
dac-uli aqvs saerTaSoriso urT-ierTobebis sferoSi (Tbili-sis
saxelmwifo universiteti, 2012), xolo magistratura gai-ara
saerTaSoriso urTierTo-bebisa da evropuli kvlevebis mimarTulebiT
(centarluri evropis universiteti, 2003). sergi kapanaZe 2011-2012
ww.-Si iyo saqarTvelos sagareo saqmeTa ministris moadgile, manmade
muSaobda sxvadasxva maRal Tanamdebobaze sagareo saqmeTa
saministroSi (2005; 207-2011), prezidentis admin-istraciaSi (2006
w.), erovnu-li uSiSroebis sabWosa (2004-2005) da sagareo dazvervis
specialur samsaxurSi (2006-2007).
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20126
genlebi” da saerTaSoriso organizaciebis war-momadgenlebi. es
formulireba aseve neitral-uria statusis mimarT _ masSi ar weria, Tu
rom-eli qveynis, teritoriuli erTeulis an qalaqis warmomadgenlebi
arian Sesabamisi struqturebi. miuxedavad amisa, iprm-ebi muSaobs,
masSi monaw-ileobas iReben ruseTis da saqarTvelos Sesa-bamisi
uwyebebis warmomadgenlebi, aseve cxin-valis da soxumis Sesabamisi
uwyebis TanamSrom-lebi. mokled,iprm-ebis safuZvlad swored
sta-tusneitralitetis principi devs.
msoflio savaWro organizaciaSi gawevri-anebis dros
ruseT-saqarTvelos Soris miRweuli SeTanxmeba: mso-Si ruseTis
gawevrianebisTvis mwvane Suqis mimcemi, rogorc cnobilia, gaxda
saqarTvelos da ruseTs Soris gaformebuli ormxrivi xelSekruleba,
romelmac daawesa saerTaSoriso monitoringi im vaWrobaze, ro-melic
xorcieldeba ruseTs da saqarTvelos Soris, maT Soris, okupirebuli
teritoriebTan mimarTebaSi. miuxedavad amisa, arc okupirebuli
teritoriebi, arc calke afxazeTi da cxinvalis regioni xelSekrulebis
teqstSi naxsenebi araa. am xelSekrulebasac safuZvlad statusisadmi
neitraloba daedo. kerZod, Sveicariuli mxaris mier ganisazRvra
savaWro derefnebi, ramac mxa-reebs saSualeba misca eleganturad
aevloT gverdi geografiuli terminologiisTvis. Sesa-bamisad, rokis
gvirabis, fsous an sakontrolo-gamSvebi punqtebis saxelebis nacvlad
gaCnda geografiuli koordinatebi. saboloo jamSi, SeTanxmeba orive
mxarisaTvis misaRebi aRmoCnda, radgan ruseTi mso-Si gawevrianda,
saqarTvelom ki miiRo saSualeba daewesebina saerTaSoriso monitoringi
vaWrobaze cxinvalis regionTan da afxazeTTan, aseve miiRo
instrumentebi ruseTis winaaRmdeg, im SemTxvevisTvis, Tu ruseTi
kvlav gaagrZelebda embargos saqarTvelos winaaRm-deg.
saqarTvelos mier Zalis argamoyenebis valdebulebis aReba. 2010
wels saqarTvelos prezidentma aiRo calmxrivi valdebuleba, rom ar
gamoiyenebda Zalas teritoriuli mTliano-bis aRsadgenad. man es
valdebuleba ara mxolod evroparlamentis winaSe 23 noembers
gakeTe-bul gamosvlaSi gaaJRera, aramed Semdeg asaxa werilebSi,
romlebic daegzavna Jenevis mola-parakebebSi monawile yvela
saerTaSoriso or-ganizaciis xelmZRvanels da aSS-is prezidents.
miuxedavad imisa, rom am werilebis SinaarsSi statusisadmi
damokidebuleba calsaxad gan-sazRvrulia, forma, romliTac es
valdebule-ba prezidentma aiRo, calsaxad neitraluria statusisadmi.
kerZod, saqarTvelom es valde-buleba aiRo ara ormxrivad, ara
saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebis xelmoweris, ara cxinvalTan da
soxumTan memorandumis an sxva tipis iuridiuli an politikuri
dokumentis gaformebiT (rasac aucileblad eqneboda statusTan
dakavSirebu-li implikaciebi), aramed calmxrivi deklara-ciiT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom es valdebuleba pozi-tiurad iqna aRqmuli moskovis,
aseve cxinvalis da soxumis mier. sxvaTa Soris, analogiuri
val-debulebebi aseve aiRes soxumis da cxinvalis warmomadgenlebma.
marTalia, saqarTvelo ar cnobs am gancxadebebis saerTaSoriso
samarT-lebriv Zalas (calmxriv valdebulebas mxolod saxelmwifoebi
iReben), magram Jenevis molapa-rakebebis farglebSi pozitiuri
damokidebule-ba am sakiTxis mimarT saqarTvelos delegaciam Riad
daafiqsira. erTaderTi, visac Zalis ar-gamoyenebis valdebuleba jer
ar auRia, ruse-Tia. aRsaniSnavia, rom Jenevis molaparakebebis 21-e
raundze daiwyo muSaoba Zalis argamoyene-basTan dakavSirebul
dokumentze, razec, swori mimarTulebiT muSaobis SemTxvevaSi,
ruseTmac SeZleba aiRos igive valdebuleba statusisadmi neitraluri
damokidebulebis gamovlenis gziT.
aRsaniSnavia, rom statusneitraluri midgomisadmi
erTmniSvnelovania saerTaSori-so Tanamegobrobis pozitiuri
damokidebule-ba. yvela zemoT xsenebuli `qeisis~ dros saer-TaSoriso
Tanamegobroba mxars uWerda amgvar midgomas, radgan SesaZlebeli iyo
pragmatuli Sedegis miRweva. aRsaniSnavia, rom saerTaSori-so
Tanamegobrobam euTos misiis saqarTveloSi yofnis aRsadgenad Tavad
SeimuSava euTos yof-nis statusneitraluri winadadeba 2009 wels. es
iyo saberZneTis euTos Tavmjdomareobis peri-odSi. maSin SemuSavda
euTos yofnis saqarTve-loSi aRdgenis proeqti, romelic calsaxad
Se-fasda, rogorc `statusneitraluri~. miuxeda-vad imisa, rom 2009
wlis gazafxulze es proeqti ruseTma dabloka, igi dResac `rCeba
magidaze~ da, imedia, euTo moaxerxebs Zalis povnas da am
dokumentTan dabrunebas. savaraudod, es 2013 wels ukrainis
Tavmjdomareobisas ar moxdeba, Tumca savsebiT realuria es moxdes
Sveicariis Tavmjdomareobisas 2014 wlis ganmavlobaSi.
statusisadmi neitraluroba saqarT-velos wina xelisuflebam Cado
okupirebuli teritoriebis mimarT saxelmwifo strategiasa da samoqmedo
gegmaSi. yvelas smenia status-neitraluri samgzavro dokumentebis da
ai-di baraTebis, aseve liazon-meqanizmis da sainve-sticio fondis
Sesaxeb. es swored is ideebia, romelTa ganxorcileba mxolod
statusisadmi neitralitetis SenarCunebiTaa SesaZlebeli. sa-xelmwifo
ministrma reintegraciis sakiTxebSi, paata zaqareiSvilma
ramdenimejer ganacxada, rom apirebs gaagrZelos strategiis da
samoqme-do gegmis Sesruleba. Tu es asea, maSin arsebobs
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20127
Sansi, rom statusneitraluroba SenarCunebuli iqneba Tbilissa da
soxums, Tbilissa da cxin-vals da, rac mTavaria, Tbilissa da moskovs
So-ris momaval urTierTobebSi.
usafrTxoebis seqtoris saparlamento kontrolis meqanizmebi,
arsebuli praqtika
da axali perspeqtivebi
Sorena lorTqifaniZe
usafrTxoebis seqtoris saparlamento kontrolis meqanizmis
efeqturad gamoyeneba gulisxmobs, rom qveyanaSi arsebobs demokratiis
ganviTarebis sakmaod myari niadagi. saparlamento kontrolis
ganxorcielebis SesaZlebloba niSania imisa, rom saxelmwifoSi ZalTa
gadanawilebis principi moqmedebs, sadac xelisuflebis TiToeuli Sto
Tavis funqcias asrulebs. parlamentis erT-erTi umniSvnelvanesi
funqcia usafrTxoebis seqtorze zedamxedvelobaa.
efeqturi saparlamento kontroli moi-cavs Semdeg sakiTxebs:
• konstituciuri da samarTlebrivi ufleba-mosilebebis naTlad
gansazRvras.
• kontrolis ganxorcielebisas sayovelTaod aRiarebuli meTodebisa
instrumentebis ga-moyenebas.
• parlamentis mier Sesabamisi resursebisa da kompetencis
flobas.
• saparlamento kontrolis ganxorcielbisaT-vis politikuri nebis
arsebobas.1
warmodgenil statiaSi gavaanalizebT sa-qarTveloSi moqmed
saparlamento kontrolis sistemas zemoT mocemuli faqtorebis da maTi
gavlenis SefasebiT. pirvel rigSi, mimovixilavT sakanonmdeblo
meqanizmebs. ganvsazRvravT ra meTodebs iyenebda wina parlamenti
kontrolis gansaxorcieleblad da aseve ramdenad mimar-Tavda
sazogadoebasTan dialogis instruments.
aseve mniSvnelovania SevafasoT saqarTve-los 2012 wlis mowvevis
parlamentis perspeqti-va saparlamento kontrolis efeturad
gamoy-enebis TavalsazrisiT.
usafrTxoebis seqtoris reforma da par-lamenti
qveyanaSi usafrTxoebis seqtoris re-forma erT-erT prioritetul
reformad gamocxadda revoluciis Semdeg. usafrTxoebis seqtoris
reforma miznad isaxavs gaaZlieros
1 Parliamentary Oversight of the security sector, 2003
usafrTxoebis seqtoris mmarTveloba, gaxados is ufro efeqturi da
Sedegis momcemi usafrT-xoebis uzrunvelyofis dros demokratiuli
ze-damxedvelobisa da kontrolis pirobebSi. usa-frTxoebis seqtoris
mmarTveloba, Tavis mxriv, exeba struqturebs, procesebs,
Rirebulebebsa da ganwyobebs, romelic ayalibebs usafrTxoe-basTan
dakavSirebul gadawyvetilebebs da maT ganxorcielebas.2
parlamenti, sxva institutebTan erTad, umTavresi institutia,
romelic aviTarebs ka-nonmdeblobas usafrTxoebis seqtorSi,
avtori-zebas ukeTebs usafrTxoebasTan dakavSirebul xarjebs,
axorcielebs zedamxedvelobas usa-frTxoebis samsaxu-rebze, aseve
aRmasru-lebel da samoqalqo organoebze.3
usafrTxoebis seqtoris reformis erTiani modeli ar arsebobs.
reformas metwilad qveynis kon-teqsti gansazRvravs. arsebobs sami
mid-goma: pirvelis Tan-axmad, usafrTxoebis seqtoris reforma
inicirebulia dono-rebis mier qveyanaSi ganviTarebis mizniT
daxmarebis (developm-nent assistance) poli-tikis efeqturobis
miRwevisaTvis. meore midgomis mixedviT, usafrTxoebis seqto-ris
reforma postav-toritarul qvey-nebSi warmoadgens Tavdacvisa da Sida
usafrTxoebis reformebis konceptualizebisa da koordinirebis
gamaadvilebel instruments (aq saubaria postsocialistur da
postsabWo-Ta qveynebze); mesame midgoma, usafrTxoebis se-qtoris
postkonfliqturi rekonstruqciaa, anu reforma im qveynebSi, romelTac
Zaladobrivi SeiaraRebuli konfliqti gaiares.4
parlamentis roli usafrTxoebis seqto-ris reformirebis kuTxiT
umniSvnelovanesia. Tu konteqstis analizs davubrundebiT, saqarT-2
DCAF Backgrounder, Security Sector Governance and Reform,
www.dcaf.ch3 DCAF Backgrounder, Security Sector Governance and
Reform, www.dcaf.ch4 Conceptualizing Security Sector Reformand
Reconstruction, Heiner Hanggi, DCAF
Sorena lorTqifaniZe _ saerTaSoriso urTierTo-
bebis magis-tri. kvleviTi i n t e r e s e b i : T a n a m e dro
v e sazogadoebrivi da politikuri procesebi, ev-rointegracia,
demokratizacia, usafrTxoe-bis politika, ganviTarebis politika da
kvlevebi, samo-qalaqo sazogadoebis ganviTa-reba, genderis
sakiTxebi. 2002 wlidan muSaobs konfliqtebi-sa da molaparakebebis
saer-TaSoriso kvleviT centrSi, aris samoqalaqo sazogadoe-bis
ganviTarebis programis xelmZRvaneli, Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis
sakiTxebis kvlevis samoqalaqo sabWos damfuZnebeli da wevri. aseve _
saqarTvelos atlantikuri sabWos wevri.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20128
velos SemTxvevaSi samive midgoma relevantu-ria. saqarTvelo
postsabWoTa qveyanaa, ukanask-neli 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi ramdenime
omi gaiara qveyanam da saerTaSoriso daxmarebis aqtorebma
mniSvnelovani roli Seasrules demokratiuli procesebis daZvrisa da
mxardaWeris Tvasazri-siT. reformirebis procesi grZeldeba, Tumca
reformebis Tanmimdevruloba yoveTvis iyo erT-erTi yvelaze
mniSvnelovani safrTxe usafrT-xoebis seqtoris ganviTarebisaTvis.
reformaze pasuxismgebeli pirebis xSiri cvla Tavdacvisa da
usafrTxoebis seqtorSi aseve uaryofiTad moqmedebs Tavdacvisa da
usafrTxoebis mdgrad demokratiul institutebad Camoyalibebaze, radgan
pirovnuli faqtorebi gansazRvravs re-formebis xasiaTsa da
mimdinareobas. parlamen-tis roli am mimarTulebiT zedamxedvelobis
saqmeSi SesaZloa gaZlierdes.
rogorc ukve aRiniSna, usafrTxoebis se-qtoris reformis kuTxiT
umniSvnelovanesia is roli, rasac parlamenti axorcielebs Tavisi
sakonstitucio da saparlamento uflebamosi-lebebis gamoyenebiT.
sakonstitucio da saparlamento ufleba-mosilebebi
saqarTvelos konstituciis mixedviT, `saqarTvelos parlamenti aris
qveynis umaR-lesi warmomadgenlobiTi organo, romelic axorcielebs
sakanonmdeblo xelisuflebas, gansazRvravs qveynis saSinao da sagareo
po-litikis ZiriTad mimarTulebebs, konstituci-iT gansazRvrul
farglebSi kontrols uwevs mTavrobis saqmianobas da axorcielebs sxva
uflebamosilebebs.~5
kanoni Tavdacvis Sesaxeb parlaments Semdeg uflebamosilebas
akisrebs: parlamenti gansazRvravs saxelmwifo politikas Tavdac-vis
sferoSi, amtkicebs samxedro doqtrinas da samxedro aRmSeneblobis
koncefcias, iRebs ka-nonebs Tavdacvis sferoSi, ganixilavs samxedro
biujets da amtkicebs samxedro biujetTan erTad, amtkicebs samxedro
Zalebis raodeno-bas, axdens samxedro xasiaTis xelSekrulebe-bis
ratificirebas, denonsirebasa da gauqmebas, axorcielebs kontrols
Tavdacvis sferoSi sa-qarTvelos samxedro Zalebis aRmSeneblobasa da
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis Sesrulebaze. saqarTvelos parlamentis
Tavdacvisa da uSiS-roebis komiteti axorcielebs `saqarTvelos
parlamentis komitetebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoniT
gaTvaliswinebul funqciebs. saomar mdgomarebas amtkicebs
parlamenti6.
usafrTxoebis sakiTxebis mimarT samarT-
5 Constitution of Georgia, article 486 Law on Emergency article
2.
lebriv sakanonmdeblo parametrebs qmnis parla-menti.
kanonproeqtebs usafrTxoebisa da Tav-dacvis sakiTxebSi amzadebs
aRmasrulebeli xe-lisufleba, Tumca kanonproeqtebis ganxilvaSi
mniSvnelovania parlamentis roli. parlaments SeuZlia moiTxovos
Sesworeba. aseve parlamenti valdebulia Tvalyuri adevnos kanonebis
aRs-rulebas.
kontrolis saparlamento meqanizmi moi-cavs aseve iseT
meqanizmebs, rogoricaa Tavdac-vis biujetis kontroli, saqarTvelos
Seiara-Rebuli Zalebis samSvidobo operaciebSi monawi-leobis
damtkiceba an ardamtkiceba, Tavdacvis sferoSi Sesyidvebi,
usafrTxoebisa da Tavdac-vis politikis gansazRvra da Sesabamisi
doku-mentebis damtkideba an ardamtkiceba, Tavdacvi-sa da
usafrTxebis Semadgenlobis damtkiceba.7
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komiteti
saqarTvelos parlamentis reglamenti gansazRvravs parlamentis
komitetebis saqmi-anobis wesebs, mimarTulebebsa da
uflebamosi-lebas. Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis komiteti usafrTxoebis
seqtorze zedamxedvelobis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani meqanizmia. kanonis
Tanaxmad, igi sakmaod farTo uflebamosilebiT aris aR-Wurvili.
monawileobas iRebs kanonproeqtebis momzadebaSi, SesworebaSi,
ganixilavs saqarTve-los Tavdacvis saministros pasuxismgeblobis qveS
arsebul saerTaSoriso da regionul xel-Sekrulebebs.
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komitetis da-qvemdebarebaSi, kontrolis
TvalsazrisiT, Se-dis Semdegi uwyebebi: Tavdacvis saministro,
gaerTianebuli Stabi, saxelmwifo dacvis spe-cialuri samsaxuri,
sasazRvro policiis depar-tamenti, sagareo dazvervis
departamenti.
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komiteti pa-suxismgebelia Tavdacvis
biujetis Sesaxeb sa-parlamento debatebisaTvis rekomendaciebis
momzadebaze, Tumca parlamentis komitets Tav-dacvisa da uSiSroebis
uwyebebis detalur bi-ujetze xeli ar miuwvdeba mis damtkicebamde8.
es SezRudva asustebs parlamentis SesaZleblo-bas gavlena moaxdinos
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroe-bis resursebis dagegmvaze: parlamentis
wevrebs ar SeuZliaT konkretuli da dasabuTebuli cv-lilebebi
moiTxovon biujetis kanonproeqtSi,
7 Parliamentary Oversight of the security control, Effective
Parliamen-tary Control, conditions and Mechanisms8 parlamentis
Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis komitetis mandati, kontrolis
TvalsazrisiT, xorcieldeba aRniSnu-li seqtoris Semdeg uwyebebze:
Tavdavis saministro da ga-erTianebuli Stabi, saxelmwifo dacvis
specialuri samsa-xuri, sasazRvro policiis departamenti, sagareo
dazver-va, romelic pirdapir prezidents eqvemdebareba da misi
kontrolis garkveuli meqanizmi aqvs uSiSroebis sabWosac.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 20129
romelsac mTavroba waradgens parlamentSi. ka-nonis Tanaxmad,
parlamenti an amtkicebs, an er-Tianad uars ambobs biujetis
damtkicebaze.9
ndobis jgufi, rogorc efeqturi saparla-mento kontrolis
mniSvnelovani meqanizmi
kanoni ndobis jgufis Sesaxeb miRebul iqna 1998 wels.
`saqarTvelos aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis organoebis specialuri
pro-gramebisa da saidumlo saqmianobis sabiujeto kontrolis mizniT
saqarTvelos parlamentis Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komitetSi
komitetis wevrTagan iqmneba ndobis jgufi~.10
ndobis jgufis wevrebs SeuZlia Seamowmon Tavdacvis xarjebis
detalebi. erT-erTi bolo Sesworebis mixedviT dRes ndobis jgufSi 5
de-putati Sedis. erTi _ Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komitetis
Tavjdomare, romelic imavdroulad Tavjdomareobs ndobis jgufs, erTi _
maJori-tari deputati, erTi _ umravlesobidan da ori _ umciresobis
warmomadgeneli.
kanonis mixedviT, `Tu ndobis jgufi war-modgenili saidumlo
informaciis safuZvelze miiCnevs, rom saqarTvelos aRmasrulebeli
xe-lisuflebis Sesabamisi organoebi an maTi xel-mZRvanelebi arRveven
saqarTvelos kanonmde-blobas, igi werilobiT mimarTavs saqarTvelos
prezidents am informaciisaTvis saxelmwifo saidumloebis grifis
moxsnis moTxovniT~.11 Tu-mca dRemde amgvari situaciis magaliTi ar
yo-fila. ndobis jgufs arasodes gamoucxadebia sruli undobloba
aRmasrulebeli xelisufle-bis romelime organos mmimarT.
Tavdacvis resursebis kontrolis pra-qtika _ kontrolis palatisa da
parlamentis ur-TierTkoordinacia
Tavdacvis saministros daxuruli mux-lebi biujetSi ndobis jgufis
mier kontrolis prerogativaa. saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobiT ndobis
jgufs SeuZlia Tavdacvis saministro-dan moiTxovos dawvrilebiTi
informacia da-xurul muxlebSi gaTvaliswinebuli Sesyidvebis Sesaxeb.
wina parlamentSi arsebobda praqtika, rodesac parlamenti mxolod
postfaqtum igeb-da, ra Sesyidvebi ganaxorciela Tavdacvis
sami-nistrom.
kontrolis palata axdens biujetis Ses-rulebis audits. is
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komitets ugzavnis angariSebs. Tu angariSSi
rame uzustobas aRmoaCens kontrolis palata, maSin Tavdacvis da
uSiSroebis komiteti ganixi-
9 kanoni saq. sabiujeto sistemis Sesaxeb muxli 22)10 Law on
Group of Trusts, article 1.11 Law on Group of Trust.
lavs, ibarebs parlamentSi pasuxismgebel pirs, SesaZloa saqme
Sesabamisi pirebis samsaxuridan gaTavisuflebiT an sisxlis samarTlis
saqmis aRZvriT damTavrdes. aRsaniSnavia, rom arc es praqtika yofila
saqarTvelos parlamentSi bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi.
2008 wlis mowvevis parlamentSi Tavda-cvisa da uSiSroebis
komiteti faqtobrivad gamoTiSuli iyo Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis
Sesaxeb gadawyvetilebis miRebis process, par-lamenti Tavisi
funqciiT faqtobrivad mxolod amtkicebda mTavrobis mier SemoTavazebul
ga-dawyvetilebebs.
Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komiteti pa-suxismgebelia Tavdacvis
biujetis Sesaxeb sa-parlamento debatebisaTvis rekomendaciebis
momzadebaze, Tumca wina parlamentSi arsebu-li praqtikis mixedviT,
parlamentis komitets ar miuwvdeboda xeli Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis
uwyebebis detalur biujetze mis damtkicebam-de.
amgvari SezRudva asustebs parlamentis SesaZleblobas gavlena
moaxdinos Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis resursebis dagegmvaze:
parla-mentis wevrebs ar SeuZliaT konkretuli da da-sabuTebuli
cvlilebebi moiTxovon biujetis kanonproeqtSi, romelsac mTavroba
waradgens parlamentSi. kanonis Tanaxmad, parlamenti an amtkicebs,
an erTianad uars ambobs biujetis damtkicebaze12.
miuxedavad zemoT moyvanili SezRudve-bisa, saqarTvelos
kanonmdebloba iZleva imis saSualebas, rom efeqturi kontroli
ganxor-cieldes Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis sferoze. Tumca
makontrolebeli meqanizmebis gamoyene-bis naklebi magaliTi gvaqvs
bolo wlebis gan-mavlobaSi. parlamenti praqtikulad ar iyenebda Tavis
makontrolebel funqcias.
samoqalaqo sazogadoebisa da parlamen-tis Tavdacvisa da
usafrTxoebis komiteteis ur-TierTkoordinacia
90-iani wlebis bolodan Tavdavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis komitetTan
arsebobda samo-qalaqo sabWo, romlis SemadgenlobaSic Sedi-odnen
Tavdacvisa da usafrTxoebis sakiTxebis eqspertebi, Jurnalistebi,
samoqlaqo sazoga-doebis warmomadgenlebi, adamianis uflebebis
damcvelebi. sabWo sakonsultacio organo iyo da imavdroulad seqtoris
samoqalaqo da demo-kratiuli kontrolis saSualebas iZleoda. sab-Wos
sxdomebze ganixileboda usafrTxoebisa da Tavdacvis sferos
mniSvnelovani konceptualu-ri dokumentebi, kanonproeqtebi. es
praqtika
12 kanoni saq. sabiujeto sistemis Sesaxeb muxli 22).
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201210
dRes praqtikulad aRar arsebobs, Tumca samo-qalaqo sabWo
formalurad dRemde arsebobs. 2008 wlis parlamentSi arc erTxel ar
yofila mowveuli amgvari Sekreba, romelsac saangariSo an
sakonsultacio saxe eqneboda.
es miuTiTebs im tendenciaze, rom samo-qalqo kontroli praqtikulad
ar xorcielde-ba. Sesabamisad, parlamentis zedamxedvelobiTi funqciac
seqtorze sustia.
samxedro mosamsaxureebis uflebebi da Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis
komiteti
samxedro mosamsaxureebis uflebebis dacvis sakiTxi parlamentis
jandacvisa da socialuri uzrunvelyofis mandatSi aris mo-qceuli,
Tumca parlamentis Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komiteti samxedro
mosamsaxureebis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT mandats axoricie-lebs
Semdeg sakiTxebze: samsaxuridan daTxovna, wodebasTan dakavSirebuli
saqmeebi, saxelfaso davalianebebis Sesaxeb davebi. igi ecnoba
moqa-laqeebis werilebs da komitetis aparatis iuri-stebi pasuxoben,
an xdeba Sesabamis uwyebaSi misi gadamisamarTeba, an moqalaqeTa
daxmareba ko-mitetis kompetenciis farglebSi xorcieldeba.
politikuri neba saparlamento kontro-lis ganxorcielebis ZiriTadi
elementi
axali mowvevis parlaments aqvs Sansi da
SesaZlebloba gaxsnas Caketili wre da seqtorSi mimdinare
procesebi gamWvirvale gaxados. es ki SesaZlebelia mxolod im
SemTxvevaSi, Tu samo-qalaqo sazogadoeba aqtiurad iqneba CarTuli
kanonSemoqmedebiT proceSi, rodesac mas SeeZ-leba imsjelos ama Tu im
sakanonmdeblo inicia-tivis marTebulobaze, aseve usafrTxoebisa da
Tavdacvis personalis uflebebis dacvis Tval-sazrisiT samxedro
nawilebi Ria iqneba samoqa-laqo sazogadoebisaTvis.
mniSvnelovania parlamentis SigniT gani-xilebodes strategiuli
sakiTxebi, upirveles yovlisa, natosTan da evrokavSirTan
integri-rebis TvalsazrisiT gadasaWreli amocanebi.
axali xelisuflebis neba gansazRvravs efeqturi saparlamento da
sazogadoebrivi kon-trolis ganxorcielebis SesaZleblobas. poli-tikuri
nebis gareSe usafrTxoebis sfero kvlav Caketil manqanad iqceva,
romelic demokrati-zaciis procesis damabrkoleblad da, SesaZloa,
procesis SemaCereblad iqces.
zogadi rekomendaciebi efeqturi Sedegebis misaRebad
erovnebaTaSorisi
konfliqtbis daregulirebisas
izolda (olRa) tigievi
ukanaskneli 20 wlis ganmavlobaSi, mas Semdeg, rac saqarTveloSi
daiwyo saomari mo-qmedebebi da ganviTarda erovnebaTaSorisi
konfliqtebi, afxazeTSi da samxreT oseTSi am konfliqtebis
mogvarebasa da stabilizaciisT-vis bevrma saerTaSoriso organizaciam
miiRo aqtiuri monawieoba. am mimarTulebis pro-eqtebis
dafinanse-baSi monawileobdnen rogorc speciali-zebuli fondebi, ise
mTavroba. rac Seexeba proeqtebis strate-giul xazs da maT re-alur
ganxorciele-bas, mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi mxolod ramdenime
arasamTav-robo organizacia iyo dakavebuli saer-TaSoriso samSvidobo
organizaciebis mier SemuSavebuli xed-vebis ganxorciele-biT. bolo 15
wlis ganmavlobaSi daixarja uamravi adamianuri resursi, (saqarTvelos
masStabiT) astronomiuli odenobis finansuri saxsrebi, mowveuli
sazogadoebrivi mecniere-bebis sxvadasxva dargis specialistebis
Sroma. saerTaSoriso organizaciebidan dafinansebuli proeqtebis
Sedgenam da ganxorcielebam saqa-rTvelos cxovrebaSi garkveuli
ekonomiuri niSa Seqmna. gaCndnen profesionalebi, romelTa ZiriTad
saqmianobas Seadgens aseTi proeqtebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba.
TavisTavad, es ar aris cudi, magram Tu davubrundebiT mTeli
saqmianobis ZiriTad mizans da gavaanalizebT dRes xelT arsebul
realur Sedegebs, kmayo-fili ver davrCebiT. ra Tqma unda, aravin
elo-da arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da samSvido-bo fondebis mier
yvela politikuri problemis mogvarebas, magram ar ikveTeba
minimaluri pro-gresic ki, da, arc axlo momavalSi Cans situa-ciis
gaumjobesebis perspeqtiva.
xSirad, ganxorcielebuli da dasrule-buli proeqtebis Semdeg rCeba
azri, rom mx-olod is ar aris xelisSemSleli, rom am or-ganizaciebis
saqmianoba umetes SemTxvevaSi wi-naaRmdegobas awydeba
dainteresebuli mxareebis mxridan. vfiqrobT, rom mTavari mizezia
is,
izolda (olRa) tigievi _ filologi, istorikosi. iv.
javaxiSvilis sax. saxelmwifo uni-versitetis kavka-siologiis
insti-tutis filolo-giis fakultetis osuri enis pro-
gramis profesori. 2003 wli-dan saqarTveloSi mcxovreb os qalTa
saerTaSoriso aso-ciaciis prezidenti. i. tigievi sxvadasxva dros
eweoda Jur-nalistur (presa, radio) Tu pedagogiur saqmianobas, aris
saerTaSoriso samSvidobo festivalebis organizatori.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201211
rom ar arsebobs gamokveTili da koordinire-buli politika
erovnebaTaSorisi SuRlis aR-mofxvrasa da konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi.
donor organizaciebs aqvT sakuTari prioritetebi da problemebis
Taviseburi xedva. yvela es orga-nizacia axorcielebs da afinansebs
proeqtebs da RonisZiebebs Tavisi biujetisa da gegmebis Sesabamisad,
rac xSirad ar ergeba realur situ-aciasa da iseT konkretul
problemebs, romle-bic swraf reagirebas iTxoven.
amis garda, TiTqmis ocwliani muSaobis Semdeg am organizaciebs
CamouyalibdaT muS-aobis garkveuli stereotipebi. maT SeiZines
mudmivi partniorebi, romlebic pasuxoben am organizaciebis
moTxovnebs, magram xSirad tar-deba mxolod formaluri samuSao,
SezRuduli garkveuli, erTi da imave TematikiT.
ras SeiZleba davarqvaT xarisxiani winsvla saqarTveloSi
erovnebaTaSoris kon-fliqtebis mogvarebis mimarTulebiT? ra Tqma
unda, garkveul cvlilebebs aqvs adgili. sx-vadasxva erovnebis
adamianebi aRar cdiloben erTmaneTis fizikur ganadgurebas, Sewyda
sao-mari moqmedebebi afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTSi, SenarCunebulia
zogadi stabiluroba, romelic dafuZnebulia droebiT zavze da mtrulad
gan-wyobili mxarebis gayofaze mesame saxelmwifos SeiaraRebuli
CareviT. es mesame Zala, Tavis mxriv, sargeblobs mdgomareobiT da
cdilobs mi-iTvisos qarTuli saxelmwifos is teritoriebi, romlebic
araqarTuli mosaxleobiT kompaqtu-rad arian Casaxlebuli. es
moCvenebiTi stabilu-roba ar gaxlavT arasamTavrobo da samSvidobo
organizaciebis Zalisxmevis Sedegi, aramed war-moadgens regionSi
ganviTarebuli politikuri procesebis Sedegs. ar arsebobs kompleqsuri
gegma, romelic Seicavs arasamTavrobo, saer-TaSoriso, samSvidobo
organizaciebis da saqa-rTvelos mTavrobis gaerTianebul Zalisxmevas,
rom araferi vTqvaT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli
TviTgamocxadebul samTavrobo war-monaqmnebis mozidvasa da maT
CarTulobaze.
ar arsebobs etapobrivi gegma, romelsac aqvs mkafiod gamokveTili
miznebi, romlebic Seicavs saqarTvelos saxelmwifo interesebs,
konfliqtis regionebSi araqarTuli mosaxleo-bis interesebs da
saerTaSoriso organizaciebis principul pozicias Tavisi standartebiT
ada-mianis uflebebis dacvisa da saxelmwifo marT-vis principebis
farglebSi.
garda amisa, ar aris raime sakoordina-cio centri, romelic
gauwevda akumulirebas, gaanalizebda da gamoiyenebda informacias
saqa-rTveloSi samSvidobo mdgomareobis Sesaxeb. centri, romelsac
ZaluZs iTanamSromlos pro-cesSi dakavebul da dainteresebul yvela
mx-
aresTan. amdagvari centraluri sakoordinacio organos Seqmna aris
is aucilebloba, romelic nakarnaxebia arsebuli mdgomareobiT da im
samS-vidobo politikis uperspeqtivobiT, romelic tardeboda dRemde.
uperspeqtivoba, optimis-turi prognozebisa da mdgomareobis realuri
gaumjobesoba _ JRers cota mkveTrad, magram, miuxedavad amisa,
asaxavs dRevandeli situaciis arss.
aqedan gamomdinare, droa Seicvalos am mimarTulebiT dakavebuli
saerTaSoriso samS-vidobo arasamTavrobo organizaciebisa da
saqarTvelos mTavrobis TanamSromlobis prin-cipebi. saqarTvelos
mTavroba ufro serio-zulad unda udgebodes sakiTxebs, romlebic
dakavSirebulia qveynis usafrTxoebasTan da saboloo erovnebaTaSorisi
konfliqtebis da-regulirebasTan sakuTar teritoriaze. saqarT-velos
mTavrobam SeimuSava zogadi dokumenti _ `saxelmwifo strategia
okupirebul teri-toriebis mimarT CarTuloba TanamSromlobis gziT~,
romelic TavisTavad warmoadgens ide-alur doqtrinas saqarTvelos mTel
teritori-aze samSvidobo miznebis gasatareblad. es do-kumenti
gamoiyeneba rogorc samTavrobo ofi-cialuri struqturebisTvis, aseve
sxvadasxva saerTaSoriso arasamTavrobo organizaciebi-saTvis,
romlebic CarTuli arian konfliqtebis mogvarebis saqmeSi. am
dokumentis naklia is, rom masSi ar fiqsirdeba deklarirebuli
miznebis ganxorcielebisTvis pasuxismgebeli subieqtebi, romlebmac
unda iTavon konkretuli amocanebis Sesruleba. am konteqstSi
aucilebelia arasam-Tavrobo, gansakuTrebiT samSvidobo, saerTa-Soriso
organizaciebis rolis ukeT gamokveTa.
`saxelmwifo strategia okupirebuli teritoriebis mimarT _
CarTuloba Tanam-Sromlobis gziT~ gulisxmobs okupirebul teritoriebze
arsebuli organizaciebis da struqturebis maqsimalur CarTulobas.
amas-Tan sasurveli iqneboda, rom meti yuradReba daTmoboda im qarTul
da saerTaSoriso orga-nizaciebs, romlebsac partnioruli urTier-Toba
aqvT okupirebul teritoriebTan. isini SeZlebdnen realurad moexdinaT
gavlena pro-cesebze da gaezardaT mxareTa pozitiuri dain-terseba,
nacvlad aqamde mtris xatis Seqmnisa da negatiur propagandize
mimarTuli maTi saqmianobisa.
dRevandeli dRis mdgomareobis gaTval-iswinebiT, yvela konfliqtSi
CarTuli mxaris, saxelmwifo struqturebis aqtiuri CarTvis ga-reSe
xarisxian cvlilebebze laparakic ki zed-metia. aSkaraa organizaciuli
xasiaTis proble-mebi, gaZlierebuli urTierTdapirispirebuli
interesebiT. aucilebelia neitraluri sakoor-
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201212
dinacio da makonrtolebeli organos arseboba, romelsac SeeZleba
Seadginos kompleqsuri sa-muSao gegma da misces mimarTuleba yvela
dain-teresebuli mxaris Zalisxmevas.
aseve movida dro, rom miukerZoeblad SevafasoT saerTaSoriso
samSvidobo orga-nizaciebisa da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis
ocwliani muSaoba saqarTveloSi da saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi SevecadoT
SevaclevinoT maT muS-aobis stili da xerxebi ufro efeqturi
Sede-gebis misaRebad.
dabolos, yvela organizaciam da TiToeulma moqalaqem, visac aqvs
Sexeba oku-pirebul teritoriasTan, naTesauri da pirovnu-li
kontaqtebi, vizrunoT da vimuSaoT ndobis aRdgenaze, gavaaqtiuroT
saxalxo diplomatia. es nabij-nabij migviyvans ufro efeqtur
Sede-gebamde, rom vifiqroT arcTu ise axlo moma-valSi teritoriuli
mTlianobis aRdgenaze.
dnestrispireTis konfliqtida misi mogvarebis perspeqtivebi
nikoloz TevzaZe
SesavalidnestrispireTi Tavisi arsebobis man-
Zilze xSirad gadadioda xelidan xelSi (po-loneTi, TurqeTi,
ruseTi). ruseTis imperiis SemadgenlobaSi is aris me-18 saukunidan.
ru-
seTma Camoasaxla aq germanelebi, gagau-zebi, bulgarele-bi.
dReisaTvis dne-strispireTi eTniku-rad Wreli regionia. mosaxleobis
66 pro-centi rusulenova-nia. umravlesobas (30 procenti) Seadgenen
moldavelebi, Sem-deg modian rusebi (28 procenti), ukrai-nelebi (27
procenti), agreTve gagauzebi da bulgarelebi. mosax-leobis 90
procenti Tavs marTlmadide-blad aRiqvams. maT
garda, gvxvdebian kaTolikebi, grigorianelebi, seqtebidan yvelaze
gavrcelebulia ieRovelebi, baptistebi, ormocianelebi.
rac Seexeba dnestrispireTSi gaCaRebul SeiaraRebul konfqliqts,
mas hqonda politi-kuri, istoriuli da ekonomikuri mizezebi.
dnestrispireTis konfliqtis gaCaRebis mizezebi
dnestrispireTSi konfliqtis gaCaRebis mizezebia:
1. kremlis imperiuli politika, romelic mi-marTulia regionSi
ruseTis hegemoniis uz-runvelyofisaken. swored dnestrispireTSia
Tavmoyrili moldovis energetika, agreTve _ samrewvelo simZlavreebis
60 procenti. Sesabamisad, dnestrispireTis moldovisagan Camocilebis
Sedegad kremls eZleoda saSu-aleba kontroli daemyarebina moldovis
en-ergetikasa da mrewvelobaze.
2. dnestrispireTis teritoriaze Zlieri pro-moskovuri lobis
arseboba (e.w. `wiTeli di-reqtorebi~ da partiul-komkavSiruli
fun-qcionerebi), romlebic miiswrafodnen dapa-tronebodnen
dnestrispireTSi arsebul qar-xnebsa Tu energoobieqtebs.
3. dnestrispireTSi fsevdointernacionaluri, eqstremistuli
elementebis gaZliereba, ra-sac xels uwyobda rogorc kremli, ise
dne-strispireTSi arsebuli promoskovuri lo-bic.
4. moldovis saxalxo frontis SigniT eqstre-mistuli frTis
gaZliereba, upasuxismgeblo, eqstremistuli lozungebi da
qmedebebi.
5. dnestrispireTi da moldova saukuneebis manZilze sxvadasxva
saxelmwifos Semadgen-lobaSi iyvnen. aman ganapiroba rogorc
eT-nikuri siWrele da enobrivi winaaRmdegobebi (dnestrispireTSi
mosaxleobis 66 procenti rusulenovania), ise gansxvavebuli
cxovre-bis wesisa da faseulobebis Camoyalibeba.
6. meore msoflio omis dros rumineTis Sovini-sturi politikis
Sedegad gaRvivda mtroba dnestris marjvena da marcxena napiris
mo-saxleobas Soris.
amrigad, arsebobda konfliqtis gaCaRe-bis politikuri,
ekonomikuri, istoriuli sa-fuZvlebi, ramac Seqmna saTanado foni da
mox-da SeiaraRebuli konfliqtebis provocireba. pirveli Setakebebi,
rogorc cnobilia, 1989 wels moxda. 1990 wels gamocxadda moldaveTis
dnestrispireTis sabWoTa socialisturi re-spublikis Seqmna. ssrk-is
dangrevis Semdeg mas moldaveTis dnestrispireTis respublika
ewo-da.
konfliqtis eskalacia da misi Sedegebissrk-is dangrevis Semdeg
dnestrispi-
reTSi saomari moqmedebebi daiwyo. piks man 1992 wlis zafxulSi
miaRwia. saomar moqmedebebSi
nikoloz TevzaZe _ isto-riis mecnierebaTa doqtori,
avtori samec-niero Sromebisa uaxles isto-riaSi. mweralTa
kavSiris wevri, avtori sami wig-nisa (gamomc. „ze-
kari“, gamomc. „gumbaTi“ da gamomc.“mwignobari“) da nov-elebis.
muSaobda sxvadasxva Jurnal-gazeTSi, sadac aqvey-nebda statiebs
uaxlesi isto-riis sakiTxebze da mimdinare politikaze. amJamad
muSao-bs Jurnal „istorianSi“ da gazeT „axal TaobaSi“.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201213
monawiloebdnen:
1. moldaveTis armia da Sinagani jari;2. dnestrispireTis gvardia;
3. ruseTidan Camosuli moxaliseebi (kazkebi);4. ukrainidan Camosuli
moxaliseebi (una-unsos
formireba).saqmeSi ruseTis me-14 armiis CarTvis Sem-
deg (sardali generali lebedi) moldavelebma ukan daixies. male
moskovSi ruseT-moldovas Soris ideba xelSekruleba cecxlis Sewyvetis
Sesaxeb. moldavelebi daeTanxmnen imas, rom mSvi-dobis damyareba rus
`cisferCafxutianebs~ dae-valaT. saomari moqmedebebi Sewyda.
konfliqti `gayinul~ stadiaSi gadavida. rac Seexeba msx-verpls, amis
Taobaze araerTgvarovani informa-cia arsebobs. moldavuri mxare
amtkicebs, rom saomari moqmedebebis dros daiRupa 4,5 aTasi
adamiani, oficialuri tiraspolis cnobiT msx-vepli 15,5 aTass aRwevs
da aqedan umravlesobas mSvidobiani moqalaqeebi Seadgenen.
dnestrispireTi dResruseTis samSvidobo Zalebi faqtobrivad
icavdnen ara mSvidobas, aramed dnestrispireT-Si ruseTis
interesebs. Sedegad, separatis-tulma reJimma fesvebi sakmaod farTod
gaidga. marTalia, dnestrispireTSi korufciam da Za-ladobam
daisadgura, magram garkveuli saxelm-wifo struqturebic Camoyalibda,
Seiqmna armia, SemoRebul iqna e.w. `erovnuli valuta~
(dnes-trispireTis maneTi), daarsda bankebi, xolo rac Seexeba
dnestrispireTis armiis dRevandel md-gomareobas:
1) dnestrispireTis armiis SeiarRebaSia 18 tan-ki (t_645b), 15
safreni aparati, maT Soris sabrZolo vertmfrenebi da TviTmfrinavebi,
30 haubica da zarbazani, 40 `gradis~ tipis danadgari (sakuTari
warmoebis), naRmtyorc-nebi. armia yalibdeba sayovelTao samxedro
gawvevis safuZvelze. demobilizirebuli ja-riskacebi da TadarigSi
gasuli oficrebi av-tomaturad rezervistTa rigebSi gadahyavT.
oficerTa momzdeba xdeba tiraspolis uni-versitetTan arsebul samxedro
institutSi. armiis garda arsebobs saxalxo laSqaric.
2) mSvidobian dros jariskacTa raodenoba 7 aTasia, omis
SemTxvevaSi es raodenoba Sesa-Zlebelia 25 aTsamde gaizardos.
rac Seexeba ekonomikas, is mkveTrad gamoxatul klanur xasiaTs
atarebs. wamyvan rols asrulebs kompania `Serifi~, romlis ukanac
xelisuflebaSi myofi pirebi da maTTan daaxloebuli adamianebi dganan.
am kompaniis wiaRidanaa gamosuli dnestrispireTis amJamin-
deli `prezidenti~ evgeni SevCukic. `Serifis~ kontrolzea
benzinis, Rvinisa da koniakis bi-znesi. kompania flobs puris
qarxnebs, gamomcem-lobebs, televiziebs, gazeTebs,
sportiul-gama-jansaRebel kompleqsebsa da safexburTo klub `Serifs~.
kompania mTlianad akontrolebs dnes-trispireTis sagareo vaWrobas,
kerZod Rvinisa da alkoholuri sasmelebis eqsports ruseTsa da
ukrainaSi. kompanias dnestrispireli oli-garqebis klubsac uwodeben.
swored `Serifis~ rigebSi gaCdnen e.w. `axalgazrda mglebi~,
rom-lebic 2011 wels xelisuflebaSi movidnen. maT Sorisaa
dnestrispireTis amJamindeli `prezi-denti~ SevCukic. ruseTi
Tavdapirvelad dnes-trispireTis `elitis~ Seqmnas xels uwyobda, Tumca
es `elita~ rac ufro Zlierdeboda, miT ufro aSkara xdeboda rusuli
kapitalis moZa-lebisadmi misi ukmayofileba. rusuli kapitali
dnestrispirulze bevrad Zlieria, Sesabamisad, cdilobs kontroli
daamyaros dnestrispire-Tis energetikasa da mrewvelobaze. dReisaTvis
rusebis xelSia Semdegi mniSvnelovani obieqte-bi:
1) moldaveTis raionuli hidroenergo sadguri (mdebareobs q.
dnestrovskSi), moldaveTis energetikis yvelaze mniSvnelovani
obieq-ti. is rusuli kompania `inter-rao-ees~-is mflobelobaSia.
2) qarxana `pribori~, romelic benderiSi imy-ofeba rusuli
kompania `salutis~ mflob-elobaSi.
3) umZlavresi radiosadguri `maiaki~, romlis meSveobiTac sabWoTa
epoqaSi aziisa da af-rikis qveynebze vrceldebobda gadacemebi. axla
is ruseTis satelevizio da radiosa-mauwyeblo qselis (saxelmwifo
kompania) sa-kuTrebaSi gadavida.
rusuli biznesi cdilobda xelSi Caegdo dnestrispireTis
metalurgiuli kombinati _ iqauri mrewvelobis yvelaze mniSvnelovani
obi-eqti. rusi biznesmeni suleimanovi, romelic amas cdilobda,
ukraineli renat axmetovis mxridan konkurencias waawyda.
suleimanov-ax-metovis SeTanmxmebis Sedegad kombinati oroves
mflobelobaSi moeqca. rusuli biznesi Seecada kontroli daemyarebina
dubosaris heszec, sim-ZlavriT meore energoobieqtze, magram es
mar-cxiT dasrulda. hesi jerjeroboT dnestrisp-ireTis mrewvelobis
saministros kontrolqveS imyofeba.
dnestrispireTidan xorcieldeba ele-qroenergiis eqsporti
moldovaSi, agreTve _ rumineTsa da bulgareTSi. aman dnestrispire-Tis
respublika mniSvnelovan regionul moTa-maSed aqcia, Tumca
dnestrispireTis saerTa-
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201214
Siriso izolaciam xeli Seuwyo iq gamefebuli klanur-korumpirebuli
sistemis SenarCunebas. rogorc e.w., `dnestrispireTis pirveli
pre-zidenti~ smirnovi, aseve amJamindeli lideri SevCukic
evrokavSiris qveynebSi persona non-gratebad arian gamocxadebuli.
dnestrisp-ireTSi arsebuli problemebic ver gadaiWra. kvlavindeburad
didia umuSevroba, mosaxleoba (gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdoba)
masobrivad gae-dineba. yvelaferi es dnestrispireTis mezoble-bze,
gansakuTrebiT ruseTze, damokidebulebas ganapirobebs.
konfliqtis mogvarebis rusuli sqemis
analizi1989 wels kremlma sagangebod gaaCaRa
konfliqti dnestrispireTSi. am aqciis ukan su-kis maSindeli Sefi
kriuCkovi da ssrk-is umaR-lesi sabWos imJamindeli Tavjdomare a.
lukia-novi idgnen. maT mizans Seadgenda:
programa minimumi:
1) moldovis `saxalxo frontSi~ eqstremis-tul-populisturi frTis
(mirCa druki da misi momxreebi) momZlavreba, saerTaSoriso
Tanamegobrobis TvalSi moldovis erovnu-li moZraobis diskreditacia,
misi warmo-Cena antisemitur, eqstremistul moZraobad, romelic
gamodis upasuxismgeblo arareal-isturi lozungebiT (rumineTTan
SeerTeba, rasobrivi siwminde da a.S.), rac safrTxes uqmnis
stabilurobas regionSi.
2) moldavelTa Soris gaTiSvis inspirireba (vinc Tavs ruminelebad
aRiqvams da vinc Tavs moldavelebad miiCnevs).
3) dnestrispirel rusulenovan mosaxleobasa da dnestris marjvena
napiris mosaxleobas Soros mtrobis gaRviveba. dnestrispireTSi
separatistuli, promoskovuri Zalebis ga-Zliereba.
programa maqsimumi:1) moldovis xelisuflebaSi lukianovisa da
kriuCkovisaTvis sasurveli Zalebis moyvana, romlebic darazmuli
iyvnen moldoveTis kompartiis maSindeli pirveli mdivnis p. luCinskis
garSemo.
2) dnestrispireTis saxiT mZlavri rusule-novani anklavis Seqmna,
romelic gaxdeboda moldovis moskovur orbitaze darCenis ga-ranti,
agreTve Seasrulebda ukrainaze ze-wolis funqciasac (lozungebi
novorosiis guberniis aRorZinebis Sesaxeb).
3) ssrk-Si qaosis gaZliereba, saxelmwifo ga-datrialebisTvis
xelsayreli pirobebis Seqmna, moldovis saxelisuflebo struq-
turebSi im Zalebis gaZliereba, romlebic amas mxars dauWeren.
ssrk-is daSlis Semdeg moldovis xe-lisufleba (prezidenti sneguri
da premieri muravski) konfliqtis Zalismieri meTodebiT daregulirebas
Seecada. ge-ka-Ce-pe-s dros maT mxari elcins dauWires. es
ganapirobebda imeds, rom elcini Zalismieri aqciebis gatarebis
Sem-TxvevaSi neitralur pozicias daikavebda. imedi ar gamarTlda.
elcini, marTalia, Seyoymanda, magram bolos mxari mainc Sovinistebs
dauWira. rusebis sqema mokled SeiZleba ase Camovayali-boT:
1. rusuli armiis meSveobiT dnestrispireTze kontrolis damyareba,
moldovis mrewvelo-bisa da energetikis rusuli kontrolis qveS
moqceva.
2. moldovis xelisuflebidan `qorebis~ (prem-ieri muravsi da
Tavdacvis ministri lukaSi) gaZeveba, moldovis xelmZRvanelobis
iZule-ba daTanxmebuliyo dnestrispireTSi rusuli samSvidobo Zalebis
ganlagebaze, moldovaSi arsebuli antirusuli Zalebis
diskredita-cia-daqsaqsva, moldovis rusul orbitaze dabruneba.
3. dnestrispireTSi rusuli bazebis SenarCu-neba, ruseTis
specsamsaxurebis da rusuli biznesis poziciebis gaZliereba,
dnestrisp-ireTis saxiT Zlieri rusuli anklavis Camo-yalibeba.
ruseTi dRemde am sqemis ganxorcielebas lamobda. Tuki prezident
elcinis dros es ara-Tanmimdevrulad xdeboda, xelisuflebaSi puti-nis
mosvlis Semdeg viTareba Seicvala. ruseTi bevrad xisti da agresiuli
gaxda. es Tanabrad exeba rogorc moldovas, ise dnestrispireTsac.
ruseTi tiraspols naTlad agrZnobinebda, rom misi moqmedebiT
ukmayofiloa. kremli miiCnev-da, rom dnestrispireTis elitis
mcdelobebi xeli SeuSalos mrewvelobisa da energoobieqte-bis ruseTis
kontrolqveS gadsvlas, misTvis mi-uRebelia. medvedevma
dnestrispirelTa lider smirnovs ganucxada, rom moskovs SeuZlia
Ta-vis gegmebs gadaxedos da moldovis loialobis SemTxvevaSi
dnestrispireTic dauTmos. male ruseTma axali konkretuli nabiji
gadadga. e.w. kozakis memorandumiT man dnestrispireTis konfliqtis
daregulirebis Taviseburi sqema warmoadgina. es mokled SeiZleba ase
Camovaya-liboT:
1. moldova unda gadaiqces asimetriul feder-aciad, respublikis
saxelwodebac unda gax-des federaciuli respublika moldova.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201215
2. dnestrispireTs erTiani moldovis Semadgen-lobaSi
gansakuTrebuli statusi eniWeba. es gamoixateba SemdegSi: a)
destrispireTs hyavs sakuTari prezidenti, parlamenti da Seiar-Rebuli
Zalebi, b) dnestrispireTis parla-ments ufleba aqvs veto daados
moldovis parlamentis nebismier gadawetilebas, rome-lic
dnestrispireTis interesebs ewinaaRm-degeba, g) Tuki moldova
romelime sxva sa-xelmwifos SemadgenlobaSi Sesvlas gadawy-vets,
dnestrispireTs moldovis Semadgeno-bidan gasvlis ufleba eniWeba.
3. gagauzebs farTo avtonomia eniWebaT. 4. dnestrispireTSi rusuli
bazebi kidev oci
wlis ganmavlobaSi rCebian.
moldovis maSindeli prezidenti voroni-ni (kompartiis lideri) am
gegmas daTanxmda. aman kiSinioveli studentebi quCaSi gamoiyvana.
vo-roninmac daTmo. kozakis memorandumis cxovre-baSi gatareba
CaiSala.
ruseTi, romelic faqtobrivad dnestri-spireTis konfliqtis
gamCaRebelia, kvlavac Tavisi imperiuli gegmebis ganxorcielebas
lamobs. Sedegi saxezea _ konfliqti dRemde ver mogvarda.
ukrainis roli dnestrispireTis kon-fliqtis mogvarebaSi
dnestrispireTSi rusuli anklavis Seqmna kievis safuZvlian
SeSfoTebas iwvevda. Tuki es anklavi gaZlierdeboda, ukrainis
teritoriuli mTlianobac kiTxvis niSnis qveS dgeboda. ru-suli
Sovinizmis garda, aranaklebi safrTxis Semcveli iyo ruminuli
Sovinizmic. rumineli radikalebi pretenzias acxadebdnen odesaze.
amrigad, ukrainas unda SeemuSavebina dnestri-spireTis
konfliqtisadmi sakuTari midgoma da xedva. es ar moxda. konfliqtis
eskalaciis pe-riodSi (1992 wlis zafxuli) oficialuri kievi
procesebSi ar Caeria, Tumca dnestrispireTSi ukrainelTa xocva-Jleta
daiwyo. saomar moq-medebebSi mxolod ukrainidan Camosuli
moxali-seebi (una-unsos formireba) CaerTo. ukrainu-li saxelmwifo
dnestrispirul movlenebSi mx-olod 1995 wels Caeria. oficialuri kievi
Zal-ze frTxilad iqceoda. mokled, misi moqmedebis sqema SeiZleba ase
CamovayaliboT:
1) moldovis teritoriuli mTlinobis aRiare-ba.
2) uaris Tqma iseTi nabijebis gadadgmaze, rac ruseTis, rogorc
hegemonis, rols eWvqveS daayenebs. rusi mSvidobismyofelebis da
kremlis politikis kritikisagan Tavis Seka-veba.
3) kontaqtebi dnestrispireTis xelmZRvanelo-basTan, gansakuTrebiT
im pirebTan, vinc erovnebiT ukrainelia. dnestrispireTSi ukrainuli
biznesis Semoyvana.
4) ruseTi_moldova_dnestrispireTis molapa-rakebebze mkveTri
poziciis dafiqsirebisa-gan maqsimalurad Tavis Sekaveba.
nel-nela ukrainis saqmianoba ufro gabeduli xdeba. iqmneba
ukraina-moldovis er-Toblivi komisia sazRvris demarkaciis Sesaxeb.
Tumca mkveTri nabijebis gadadgisagan ukraina kvlavac Tavs ikavebda.
dnestrispireTis xelmZ-Rvanelobam moiTxova sazRvris demarkaciaSi
CarTva. maT amaze uari eTqvaT, radganac dnes-trispireTis respublika
saerTaSoriso sazoga-doebis mier aRiarebuli ar iyo. miuxedavad
ami-sa ukraina sazRvris demarkaciasTan dakavSire-biT konkretuli
nabijebis gadadgmisagan Tavs ikavebda. am periodSi ukrainelTa
moqmedebis sqemac icvleba. mokled es SeiZleba ase
Camo-vayliboT:
1 ruseT-moldova-dnestrispireTis molapara-kebebSi aqtiurad
CarTva, amave dros ruseT-Tan konfrontaciaze uaris Tqma.
2 moldovis teritoriuli mTlianobis prin-cipis aRiareba.
3 dnestrispireTis ukrainuli erovnebis moqa-laqeebisadmi ukrainis
moqalaqeobis miRebaSi xelis Sewyoba, dnestrispireTSi ukrainuli
biznesis poziciebis gaZliereba.
4 mWidro kontaqtebi dnestrispireTis xelmZ-RvanelobaSi myof
ukrainelebTan, ukrainu-li saTvistomosa da proukrainuli lobis
Seqmnis mcdelobebi.
ukraina cdilobda erTgvari `oqros Su-aledi~ daeWira da moego
rogorc moldovis xelmZRvanelobis, aseve dnestrispirelebis da rusebis
gulic. dnestrispireTis dareguli-rebis saqmeSi ukrainis CarTvam
ruseTis gavlena garkveulwilad marTlac gaaneitrala, rac xels aZlevda
rogorc moldovas, aseve dnestripire-lebsac, romlebic rusuli
kapitalis moZalebiT ukve SeSfoTebulni iyvnen. amave dros ukrainis
xelisufleba arasdros gamodioda konfqliqtis mogvarebis sakuTari
sqemiT, ar cdilobda ru-seTis dominirebuli rolis kiTxvis niSnis qveS
dayenebas. erTaderTi ukraineli prezidenti, romelmac Tavs ufeleba
misca da rusul gegmas sakuTari daupirispira, viqtor iuSCenko
gaxl-daT. `kozakis memorandumis~ pasuxad iuSCenkom saukTari gegma
warmoadgina (iuSCenkos gegma):
1 moldova unda gadaiqces federaciul sax-elmwifod, dnestrispireTs
moldovis Semad-
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201216
genlobaSi gansakuTRebuli statusi eniWeba.2 Tuki moldova romelime
sxva saxelmwifos
SemadgelobaSi Sesvlas gadawyvets, dnestri-spireTs moldovis
Semadgenlobidan gasvlis ufleba eniWeba.
3 ruseTis samSvidobo Zalebma dnestrispire-Ti unda datovon,
agreTve rusuli bazebic unda gaiyvanon.
4 gardamaval periodSi mSvidobis damyareba unda daekisros
saerTaSoriso samSvidobo kontingents.
5 dnestrispireTSi unda Catardes WeSmaritad demokratiuli
Tavisufali rCevnebi.
ruseTis winaaRmdegobis Sedegad `iuSCen-kos gegma~ Cavarda.
xelisuflebaSi viqtor ia-nukoviCis mosvlis Semdeg kievs erTxans
dnes-trispireTTan dakavSirebiT sakuTari pozi-cia ar daufiqsirebia,
Tumca dnestrispireTSi ukrainuli biznesjgufebi kvlavac aqtiurad
muSaobdnen. opoziciaSi yofnisas ianukoviCi iuSCenkos brals sdebda
imaSi, rom dnestri-spireli ukrainelebis mimarT arsakmaris
yur-adRebas iCens, rom prezidenti mxolod zoga-di gancxdebebisa da
`ararealisturi gegmebis~ warmodgeniT ifargleba. xelisuflebaSi
mosv-lis Semdeg ianukoviCs karga xnis manZilze ar daufiqsirebia
Tavisi xedva. ukrainaSic ukve ianukoviCis misamarTiT gaisma
braldebebi, rom dnestrispireTTan dakavSirebiT mas sakuTari xedva ar
gaaCnia (2012 wlis seqtemberSi odesa-Si Catarebuli Tavyriloba).
mxolod mimdinre wlis oqtomberSi kievma, Tanaxmad ukraina-moldovis
erToblivi sademarkacio komisiis gadawyvetilebebisa,
dnestrispireTTan arsebu-li sazRvris demarkacia daiwyo. aman
dnestrisp-ireTis parlamentis mxriv protesti gamoiwvia. Tu ramdenad
Tanmimdevruli iqneba ianukoviCi, amas momavali gviCvenebs.
saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis roli dnes-trispireTis konfliqtis
mogvarebis saqmeSi
saerTaSoriso sazogadoebrioba karga xans dnestrispireTis mimarT
erTgvar pasiuro-bas iCenda. rogorc Cans dasavleTi, uwinares yovlisa
ki aSS, garkveul momentamde am re-gionSi ruseTis dominirebas
urigdeboda da mo-qmedebda principiT `cudi mSvidoba karg omze
umjobesia~. aRsaniSnavia rumineTis pozicia. 1991 wlis seqtemberSi
rumineTis imJamindelma prezidentma ilieskum gaakeTa gancxadeba, rom
Tuki ukraina ssrk-is Semadgenlobidan gava, ru-mineTi mas teritoriul
pretenziebs wauyenebs. ilieskum ruminulad moixsenia rogorc
mol-daveTis ssr (dnestrispireTis CaTvliT), aseve bukovina da odesis
olqi. 1992 wels ruminulma
mxarem ruseTis prezidents ganucxada, rom ru-mineTi mzadaa Tavi
Seikavos natoSi integri-rebisagan, Tuki mas dauTmoben mTels
dnestri-spireTs, agreTve bukovinasa da odesis olqs. ruseTma amaze
uariT upasuxa. amis Semdeg ofi-cialuri buqaresti gulgrili gaxda
rogorc besarabiisa da rumineTis gaerTianebis mimarT, aseve
dnestrispireTis problemebisadmi. dasav-leTis gaaqtiureba 2003
wlidan iwyeba. dnes-trispireTSi nel-nela izrdeboda rogorc aSS-is,
aseve germaniis aqtiuroba. aSS-is moqedebis sqema SeiZleba ase
CamovayaliboT:
1 moldovis teritoriuli mTlianobis aRi-areba. separatistTa
winaaRmdeg sanqciebis SemoReba-amoqmedeba.
2 moldova-rumineTis SesaZlo gaerTianebisad-mi uaryofiTi
damokidebuleba.
3 uaryofiTi damokidebuleba dnestrispireT-Si Catarebuli
referendumisadmi, sadac mo-saxleobam mxari ruseTTan SeerTebas
dauWi-ra.
4 uaryofiTi damokidebuleba rasizmis da qse-nofobiis nebismieri
gamovlinebisadmi.
6 rogorc kiSiniovis, ise tiraspolis darw-muneba iamaSi, rom
Zalismieri meTodebis gam-oyeneba damRupvelia.
7 mtkice pozicia dnestrispireTis respubli-kis
demokratizaciisadmi.
8 moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris mtrobis Senelebis mizniT
garkveuli kulturuli programebis amoqmedeba.
aRniSnuli sqema garkveulwilad amoqmed-da, ramac (miuxedavad misi
mokrZalebulobisa) ruseTi mainc gaaRiziana. bevri eqsperti swored
amiT xsnis imas, rom kremlis mier dnestrisp-ireTSi inspirirebul
iqna referendumi ruseT-Tan SeerTebis Sesaxeb. rusi eqspertebi
(markovi, zatulini) brals sdeben aSS-s imaSi, rom Tavisi moqmedebiT
moldovaSi arsebuli antirusuli Zalebis gaaqtiurebas Seuwyo xeli.
aSS-s garda regionSi sul ufro aqtiurdeba germania. amisi naTeli
dadasturebaa angela merkelis viziti kiSiniovSi (2012 w). germaniis
kanclerma ganacxa-da, rom misi qveyana mzadaa mxari duWiros
mol-dovas da xeli Seuwyos dnestrispireTis kon-fliqtis
daregulirebas.
saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis saqmiano-ba dnestrispireTSi kvlavac
Zalze frTxil-ia. miuxedavad amisa aman mniSvnelovanwilad Seaferxa
Zlieri rusuli anklavis Camoyalibeba, Tumca konfliqtis
daregulirebisaTvis meti aqtiurobaa aucilebeli.
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biuleteni # 10 dekemberi 201217
dnestrispireTis konfliqtis mogvarebis perspeqtivebi
dnestrispireTis konfliqti e.w. `gay-inul~ konfliqtTa ricxvs
ganekuTvneba. 1992 wlidan SeiaraRebuli dapirispireba Sewyda,
ma-gram problema araa gadaWrili. ruseTi kvlavac ganixilavs
dnestrispireTs rogorc Tavis for-posts regionSi da ereva rogorc
dnestrispire-Tis, aseve moldovis da ukrainis Sida saqmeebSi,
axorcielebs am qveynebze zewolas, SantaJs da a.S. yelaferi es xels
ar uwyobs konfliqtis mogvarebas. perspeqtivaSi dnestrispireTis
konfliqtis mogvareba SesaZlebelia, Tumca saa-misod unda gatardes
Semdegi zomebi:
1. saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis aqtiuri Suama-vlobiT (evrokavSiri,
aSS da a.S.) moldovasa da dnestrispireTs Soris daiwyos
molapara-kebebi, daidos SeTanxmeba Zalis gamouyene-blobis Sesaxeb,
moxdes orive mxaris mier ra-sizmis, Sovinizmisa da qsenofobiis
dagmoba.
2. moldovasa da dnestrispireTis respub-likebs Soris moxdes
SeTanxmeba SesaZlo eqscesebisa Tu provokaciebis erToblivi ZaliT
aRkveTis Taobaze. am mizniT Seiqmnas usafrTxoebis zonebi,
ganxorcieldes saer-To patrulireba da a.S.
3. amoqmeddes humanitaruli programebi, rom-lebic mimarTulia
moldova-dnestrispire-Tis mosaxleobas Soris mtrobis Senelebi-saken,
farTod iqnas gamoyenebuli `saxalxo diplomatia~, mSvidobis
damyarebisa da urT-ierTndobis aRdgenis saqmeSi Caeban popu-laruli
da avtoritetuli pirebi (samRde-loebis warmomadgenlebi, mwerlebi,
sazoga-do moRvaweebi, sportsmenebi da a.S.)
4. amoqmeddes biznesproeqtebi, romlebic xels Seuwyoben
moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris ekonomikuri kavSirebis aRdgenas.
5. moldova-dnestrispireTis respublikebs So-ris miRweul iqnas
SeTanxmeba moldovis fed-eraciuli respublikis Seqmnisa da
dnestri-spireTisaTvis farTomasStabiani avtonomiis (gansakuTrebuli
statusi) miRwevis Taobaze, orive mxaris liderebis mxridan gakeTdes
deklaracia gaerTianebis SemTxvevaSi kerZo sakuTrebis xelSeuxeblobis
da adamianis uflebebis ganuxreli dacvis Taobaze.
6. moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris miRweul iqnes SeTanxmeba rusuli
samSvidobo kontin-gentis gayvanisa da misi saerTaSoriso samS-vidobo
ZalebiT Canacvlebis Sesaxeb.
7. moldova-dnestrispireTs Soris miRweul iqnes SeTanxmeba
regionidan rusuli bazebis gayvanis Sesaxeb.
8. gaformdes gaeros egidiT moldova_dnes-trispireTs Soris
federaciuli SeTanxmeba, dnestrispireTs mieniWos moldovis
Semad-genlobidan Tavisuflad gasvlis ufleba, Tuki moldova sxva
saxelmwifos Semadgen-lobaSi Sesvlas gadawyvets.
9. aRniSnuli sqemis ganxorcieleba SesaZlebe-lia mxolod im
SemTxvevSi, Tuki dasavleTi (uwinares yovlisa aSS) dnestrispireTsa
da saerTod mTels postsabWour sivrceSi mkve-Trad gaaqtiurdeba, ris
Sedegadac unda mox-des ruseTis ganeitraleba. dnestrispireTis
konfliqtis srulfasovani mogvarebac mx-olod am SemTxvevaSia
SesaZlebeli.
-
kontaqti
GFSIS3a Sio CitaZis quCa
Tbilisi, 0108, saqarTvelotel: (995 32) 2473555
faqsi: (995 32) 2985265www.bspn.gfsis.org /
[email protected]
proeqtis gundi
proeqtis direqtori: kaxa gogolaSviliproeqtis koordinatori:
rusudan margiSilimrCevelTa sabWo: giorgi volski,naira bepievi,
iulia xaraSvili,naTela saxokia, aleqsandre rusecki,aleqsandre
kuxianiZe
misia - Savi zRvis samSvidobo qseli (BSPN)proeqti Savi zRvis
samSvidobo qseli warmoadgens pirvel mcdelobas, rom samoqa-
laqo sazogadoebam monawileoba miiRos Savi zRvis regionis
konfliqtebis mogvarebaSi. pro-eqti xorcieldeba fineTis sagareo
saqmeTa saministros mxardaWeriTa da krizisebis mar-Tvis iniciativis
organizaciasTan (Crisis Management Initiative-CMI) TanamSromlobiT.
proeqti moicavs Savi zRvis regionis im Svid qveyanas, sadac
arsebobs SidaeTnikuri problemebi, da miznad isaxavs samoqalaqo
sazogadoebis SesaZleblobebis gazrdas, rom awarmoos dialogi da
Seasrulos Suamavlis roli konfliqtebis efeqturad mosagvareblad.
proeqtis mizania, aseve, adgilobriv Temebsa da regionebs Soris
mSvidobiani dialogis ganviTareba konfliqtSi monawile mxareebze
axali da gansxvavebuli midgomebiT zemoqmedebis saSualebiT. amasTan,
Savi zRvis arasamTavrobo organizaciebis forumma safuZveli Cauyara
farTo iniciativas, rom samSvidobo ganviTarebisaTvis Seiqmnas
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis regionuli platforme-bi, sadac
gaerTiandebian erovnuli forumebi. am iniciativis saSualebiT
SesaZloa erTmaneTs daukavSirdnen ukve CarTuli da amis mosurne sxva
arasamTavrobo organizaciebi. garda amisa, erovnul forumebs SeuZliaT
meti iniciativa gamoiCinon krizisebis marTvis dargSi da re-gionuli
Suamavlis funqciis SeZeniT arasamTavrobo organizaciebs, mTavrobasa
da evrokav-Sirs Soris mWidro kavSiri uzrunvelyon. saqarTvelos
strategiisa da saerTaSoriso urT-ierTobebis kvlevis fonds, rogorc
krizisebis marTvis iniciativis adgilobriv partniors, evaleba
imuSaos saqarTveloSi erovnuli arasamTavrobo organizaciebis forumis
Seqmnaze da moawyos Sexvedrebi dainteresebuli organizaciebisTvis.
proeqti xorcieldeba ramdenime komponentis saxiT. kerZod,
iTvaliswinebs:
- saqarTvelos samoqalaqo sazogadoebis organizaciebisa da
eqspertTa sabWos regularu-li Sexvedrebis organizebas, sadac
warmoadgenen Sesabamis prezentaciebs, imarTeba de-batebi da
muSavdeba angariSebi.
- vebgverds, sadac ganTavsdeba informacia Sexvedrebze gamoTqmuli
azrebisa da mo nacemebis Sesaxeb.
- „Savi zRvis samSvidobo qselis“ proeqtis biuletenis meSveobiT
farTo sazogadoeba ecnoba qarTveli da ucxoeli eqspertebis mier
momzadebul analitikur werilebs kon-fliqtebis mogvarebis, samSvidobo
ganviTarebis, regionuli usafrTxoebisa da stabilu-robis, agreTve,
samSvidobo ganviTarebaSi evrokavSiris wvlilisa da rolis
Sesaxeb.
vimedovnebT, rom Cveni saqmianobiT gavzrdiT sazogadoebis
interess konfliqtebis prevenciis, marTvis, trasformaciisa da
mSvidobiani gziT Semdgomi mogvarebis sakiTxebSi, wvlils SevitanT
aRniSnul Temebze debatebis farTod gaSlaSi da xels SevuwyobT erovnul
da regionul doneze dialogis warmoebas yvela dainteresebul mxares
Soris.
www.bspn.gfsis.orgmailto:margishvili%40gfsis.org?subject=BSPN
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