Rock and Mineral Review. Cleavage Cleavage and Fracture are minerals properties that describe the way a mineral breaks when stressed. Cleavage describes.

Rock and Mineral

Review

CleavageCleavage and Fracture are minerals properties that describe the way a mineral breaks when stressed. Cleavage describes the way a mineral breaks along its plane of weakness. These planes of weakness can be described as where the atomic bonding between atoms in the crystal structure is weak at those points causing the mineral break when stressed much like a stack of papers when drop will spread off in individual sheets.

FractureFracture is a mineral property where the atomic bonding between atoms in the crystal structure is perfect with no weakness. When these minerals are stressed they shatter making no two pieces truly the same.

Moh’s Hardness Scale

GalenaCleavage = Cubic

Solubility = NoneHardness = 2 – 2.5

Color = Silver Gray/Black

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Gray

Luster = Metallic

Other Characteristics = Has same chemical formula as Pyrite,Heavy for its size (Dense), Ore of Lead, Brittle.

MagnetiteCleavage = None

Solubility = NoneHardness = 5.5-6.5

Color = Black to Gray

Magnetism= YES!Streak = Black

Luster = nonmetallic

Other Characteristics = Fe3O4, Ore of Iron.

QuartzCleavage = None

Solubility = HCLHardness = 7

Color = Colorless/White

Magnetism= NoneStreak = White

Luster = Vitreous

Other Characteristics = Melted to help clocks keep time

SulfurCleavage = None

Solubility = NoneHardness = 2

Color = Yellow

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Yellow

Luster = Dull

Other Characteristics = Smells like rotten eggs, Melts easily.

GraphiteCleavage = Perfect basal

Solubility = NoneHardness = 1 – 2

Color = Gray to Black

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Gray to Black

Luster = Sub metallic

Other Characteristics = Used in pencils (Not lead), Feels greasy.

FeldsparCleavage = 2 directionsFracture = Uneven


Color = Pink/White


Luster = Pearly

Other Characteristics = The pink hue is granite.

TalcCleavage = One DirectionFracture = Uneven


Color = White to Green


Luster = Pearly/Greasy

Other Characteristics = Feels soapy, Used to make talcum powder, easy to sculpt.

PyriteCleavage = None

Solubility = NoneHardness = 6 – 6.5

Color = Brassy Yellow

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Greenish Black

Luster = Metallic

Other Characteristics = AKA Fools Gold, Ore of Sulfur.

GypsumCleavage = One Direction


Color = White to Colorless


Luster = Vitreous to Pearly

Other Characteristics = Used to make drywall.

HematiteCleavage = None


Color = Steel to Silver Gray

Magnetism= None

Streak = Blood Red to Brown Red

Luster = Sub metallic

Other Characteristics = Ore of Iron, Used to make Steel.

CalciteCleavage = 3 Directions

Solubility = Bubbles CO2

Hardness = 3

Color = Variable Colorless to White


Luster = Vitreous

Other Characteristics = Used for making cement.

GraniteFracture/Cleavage = Irregular


Color = Varies

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Colorless to White*

Luster = Dull

Other Characteristics = Intrusive Igneous Rock.

MicaCleavage = One Plane


Color = White, Gray, Silver white, Brownish white, Greenish white

Magnetism= NoneStreak = Gray

Luster = Vitreous

Other Characteristics = Electrical insulator.

CorundumCleavage = None


Color = Variable

Magnetism= NoneStreak = None - White

Luster = Vitreous

Other Characteristics = Scratch anything, but diamonds, Rubys,Blue equals Sapphire, Insoluble.

LimestoneCleavage = One

Solubility = YesHardness = 3

Color = Light

Magnetism= NoneStreak = None

Luster = Dull

Other Characteristics = “Chemical” Sedimentary.

MarbleFracture

Solubility = YesHardness = 3

Color = Light

Magnetism= NoneStreak = None

Luster = Pearly

Other Characteristics = Metamorphic, Parent rock is Limestone or Dolostone

Rock and Mineral Review. Cleavage Cleavage and Fracture are minerals properties that describe the way a mineral breaks when stressed. Cleavage describes.

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