Road junction design, parking and signal design

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION

TO ROAD JUNCTION

DESIGN, PARKING AND SIGNAL DESIGN

Prepared ByAkshay Galav

IV Year, Civil Engineering

CONTENT Principles of Road Junction design Design of Roundabouts Parking Lots Design of Signals Illustrative Examples

ROAD JUNCTION Road junction are places where two or more

roads meet or cross each other at different angles.

It is used for reduction of accidents and enhace durability

It helps to reduce the traffic congestion, increases smoothness of traffic flow.

PRINCIPLES OF ROAD JUNCTION DESIGN

Intersection as far as possible, be at right angle and acute crossing, should be avoided.

Sufficient space should be provided for proper visibility and also for future extension and improvement.

Change of road gradient should be neglected. Round About should be used when more than

three roads are crossed each other. Pedestrian crossing should properly arranged.

Types of road junction

Square Junction

Y Junction

Acute Junction

T-Junction

Staggered Junction

Multiple Junction

SQUARE JUNCTION

These junction are provided where two equal distance roads are nearly same width, cross each other at right angles.

Shape of square junction is dependent on site situations.

Y JUNCTION

When two roads are meet each other, but don’t cross each other is formed Y-junction.

ACUTE JUNCTION

When two main roads or cross each other at an angle than right angle.

T-JUNCTION

When two roads meet but don’t cross at right angle.

MULTIPLE JUNCTION

When Multiple roads are connected each other at any angle.

ROUNDABOUT Definition- A traffic circle

with certain prescribed characteristics.

Community enhancement Traffic Calming Safety Reduced delay at lower

volumes Improved left turn

treatment Complex intersections

ROUNDABOUT

DESIGN OF ROUNDABOUTS.N.

Width of the approach road or carriageway

Curve Radius at Entry

Width of carriage way and entry anti exit of curvature

1. 7.0m 25m-35m

6.5m

2. 10.5m 25m-35m

7.0m

3. 7.0m 25m-35m

7.0m

4. 10.5m 25m-35m

7.5m

As per IRC central island dia. Is equal to 1.33 times of entry radius

PARKING A space for resting of vehicle is called

parking.

Classification of Parking

1. On Street Parking

Unrestricted curb parking

Restricted curb parking

2. Off Street ParkingGarages

Surface Lot

3. Based on Operations

Parallel ParkingAngle Parking

Right Angle Parking

ON STREET PARKING When side space of road is used for parking

of vehicle is called on street parking.

OFF STREET PARKING Vehicles are parked apart from road side is

called off street parking.

Garage parking/Underground Parking

Surface Lot

BASED ON OPERATIONS

Parallel Parking Vehicles are parked parallel

to road side. A minimum 1.2m safe

distance sis maintained between vehicles.

BASED ON OPERATIONS Angle Parking It provides more

space and comfort to driver of vehicle.

It is more convenient to congested area.

BASED ON OPERATIONS Right Angle Parking It is used on steep

slops. It is recommended

for residential area.

TRAFFIC SIGNALS Signal which are used for

controlling or moving of vehicles is called traffic signals.

It enhance orderly movement of vehicles.

Control the speed on main and cross roads.

Help in directing the traffic on different roads.

It increases safe movement of vehicles.

TRAFFIC SIGNS

Types of

Traffic Signs

1.Regulatory Sign

2. Warning

Sign

3.Informative Sign

4. Traffic Control

REGULATORY SIGN Traffic signs that regulate

roadways to help drivers use the roadways in an orderly fashion.

Regulatory signs use the following shapes: octagon , equilateral triangle with the point down and vertical rectangle

The colors used for regulatory signs are red and white .

WARNING SIGN This signs are used to warn

drivers and allow adequate time for a cautious response.

This signs are often diamond-shaped , pentagon-shaped and potential obstructions ahead.

The colors used for warning signs are yellow and green because these are brighter color makes these signs more visible in foggy or rainy conditions.

INFORMATIVE SIGN Informative traffic signs,

also known as guide signs. Informative signs are green, blue or white.

Informative signs are often horizontally rectangular, while roadway designation signs can be shaped like shields or rectangles.

TRAFFIC CONTROLTraffic Control

Traffic Actuated Signal

Fully Actuated TS

Semi Actuated TS

Fixed Time Signals

FIXED TIME SIGNALS

These signals are set to repeat regularly in fixed cycle.

Cycle regulates yellow, red and green lights in a fixed way.

Generally, duration of green and red light are same.

Time duration of light is dependent on traffic flow, traffic flow should be minimum.

TRAFFIC ACTUATED SIGNAL

Fully Actuated TS

It is automatically controlled traffic signals for moving of vehicles.

All major and minor roads consist detectors for controlling of traffic signals.

Detectors are based on load/pressure of vehicle on road surface.

FULLY ACTUATED TS

Semi Actuated TS

It is also automatically controlled traffic signals for moving of vehicles.

All minor roads consist detectors for controlling of traffic signals.

It is used at high density, heavy volume and high speed or express way meets a very light cross traffic.

Detectors are based on load/pressure of vehicle on road surface.

ILLUSTRATIVE EXAMPLES




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