Parking Design

PARKING BUILDING is a building designed for car parking and where there are a number of floors or levels on which parking takes place. It is essentially a stacked car park.!!Functional Requirements!!The parking geometries like the size, height, and turning radius of automobiles, trends of automobile size and statistical quantity must be taken into account.!!The streets surrounding the facility and their traffic flow must be taken into consideration when planning entrances and exits and deciding on ramp designs.!!The entrances and exits are very important to the smooth functioning of the facility, with the type of use again determining the length from the opening and placement of the entry booths, as well as the quantity of entrances and exits.!!Natural or mechanical ventilation provides fresh air flow to disperse car exhaust in normal conditions, or hot gas and smoke in case of fire.!!The operation and maintenance of a facility is very critical. Revenue control equipment and other issues related to the smooth functioning of the garage must be taken into account during the design process.!!Provide an area or room for the storage and maintenance issues. This area should be heated/air-conditioned and contain a mop sink.!!Accommodate technological tools for future upgrades of operational systems and facility expansion.!!Plan for a back up power system.!!Natural ventilation is always a good method however detailed study is required in some areas and types of parking facility design to determine its effectiveness.!!!Lighting is a crucial aspect of parking and type, placement, and quantity needs to be carefully studied to provide enough light for the users of the parking garage and not to spill out of the parking facility affecting surroundings.!!The design loads for car parks are often less than the office building they serve (50 psf versus 80 psf), leading to long floor spans of 5560 feet that permit cars to park in rows without supporting columns in between. !!!!!!!!!!

HISTORY! !!!!!!!!!!!!!The Hotel LaSalle parking garage, constructed in 1917,

was the first high-rise parking garage in the Loop. Still standing at Washington and LaSalle today, the multicolored terra cotta structure was designed in the architectural tradition of the First Chicago School. The original ramp is still in use. The garage possessed complementary facilities such as a car-wash rack on each floor and a repair shop on the top floor.!!!!!!!T3 Parking Structure has transparency, light from a light well within, and a green roof as part of its appeal in a residential neighborhood.!The parking garage can also meet the standards of a living regenerative, and adaptive building.!!

!!!NREL garage at the US Department of Energy Laboratory includes a state of the art solar array. It is exposed structural and architectural steel including a center light well for natural daylighting.!

!SANTA MONICA PLACE PARKING STRUCTURE, California !

!!!!!!!!!!!zaha hadid: collins park garage, miami!-tilted floor plates formed from the playful layering of the spiraling ramps creates unique vantage points when viewed from different angles. the appearance is a manipulation of the inherent components needed for building function. the intent is to bring the street experience inward, generating a lively urban space.!!Ive always been fascinated by parking garages, for a long time, Ive been researching how to bring the street into a building and make that into an urban space. our preliminary sketches explored what a parking garage can become by simply manipulating the building components inherent to the building type. these sketches progressed naturally into an expressed, continuous vehicular circulation path which suits its purpose, yet provides a unique experience and even a degree of fun for the user; a reflection of the citys aspirations to create an environment that looks beyond established utilitarian conventions. zaha hadid!

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P&R Hooggelegen in Utrecht!!The heart of the sustainable facilities reveals open spaces that are filled with trees. The open space will also enable all-natural light and ventilation, reducing the general power expenditure and the carbon footprint of the facility. An internal route on the second level connects the two auto parks by bridges, passing commercial facilities and ultimately top users to the bus stop outdoors by the principal entrance. The ground level is completely kept totally free for auto entries and exits, taxis, buses and drop-off locations. The centre of each parking garages reveal large open spaces filled with trees, enabling for organic daylight and ventilation by means of the open facades.!! !!

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Miamis 11 11 Lincoln Road.!!Miami is the home of meticulously sculpted beach bodies and of course inspiring art deco buildings. The 11 11 Lincoln Road, is a reflection of both of these Miami staples. Its staggering in design and hard to keep your eyes off of. The building is a daring, open-air design from developer Robert Wennett and Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron. Asymmetrical pillars jut out to support seven stories, which look like theyre stacked like a house of cards. Despite the fact that its raw concrete, it looks incredibly delicate.!!!

http://www.wbdg.org/design/parking.php!https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-storey_car_park!http://www.designboom.com/architecture/zaha-hadid-miami-beach-parking-garage/!http://www.philapark.org/2012/07/outside-the-concrete-box/!http://www.mylifescoop.net/design/eco-architecture-of-pr-hooggelegen-by-kcap-and-jhk-architects/