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Rising Atmospheric CO2 & Ocean Acidification
Scott Doney Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
International SOLAS Open Science Conference (May 2012)
Special Thanks To: Alan Barton, Wei-Jun Cai, Sarah Cooley, Richard Feely, Hauke Kite-Powell, Noelle Lucey, Rik Wanninkhof
-Export production• Carbon/nutrient ratio (-) or (+)• Particle ballasting (?)• Subsurface oxygen (-) or (?)-Trace gases• DMS (?)• N2O (+) or (?)• Organohalogens (?)-Trace metal speciation
Biogeochemical Impacts in Planktonic Systems
Hutchins et al. Oceanogr. 2009Gehlen et al.; Hopkins et al.; and Riebesell & Tortell in Gattuso & Hansson 2011
Social & Economic Impacts
Cooley et al. Oceanography (2009)Cooley & Doney, Environmental Research Letters (2009)Cooley et al. Fish & Fisheries (2012)
-Marine fisheries & aquaculture• food supply• jobs, livelihoods & trade-Coral reefs• reef fisheries• tourism• shoreline protection-Globally, largest impacts may be on developing island and coastal nations• exposure, sensitivity &
adaptive capacity
-Coastal upwelling => Low oxygen & acidification
-Commercial oyster hatcheries a $100M industry (3000 Jobs)-But no natural Pacific oyster recruitment in WA state for past decade & many hatchery failures
-About 1/3rd of human carbon dioxide emissions end up in the ocean-Locally enhanced in some coastal waters by atm. deposition, excess nutrient inputs, circulation-Well-understood changes in seawater chemistry:• more acidic (lower pH)• higher aqueous CO2
• lower carbonate ion -Rates of change fast, ~100x faster than natural