Revolutionary and Evolutionary Innovation: Marshall Breeding Independent Consultant, Author, and Founder and Publisher, Library Technology Guides

Revolutionary and Evolutionary Innovation:

Marshall BreedingIndependent Consultant, Author, andFounder and Publisher, Library Technology Guideshttp://librarytechnology.org/http://twitter.com/mbreeding

03 Jun, 2015

Recent trends in Library Resource Management and

Discovery Technologies

Inaugural CONUL Annual Conference

Description

Marshall Breeding will provide an update on some of the trends related to resource management and discovery services of interest to academic libraries. Themes of interest include increased collaborative implementations; comprehensive management of print, electronic, and digital resources; providing access to library resources via index-based discovery services; deeper integration with campus infrastructure; and exploration of incorporation of linked data and semantic web technologies in library information systems.

Library Technology Guides

www.librarytechnology.

org

Recent Reports

American Libraries Library Systems Report 2015 online edition published May 1 “Operationalizing Innovation”

Future of Library Resource Discovery NISO White Paper commissioned by the

Document to Delivery Topic Committee Published Feb 20, 2015

Perceptions Surveys 2015 edition recently published http://librarytechnology.org/perceptions/2014/

Perceptions 2014

http://librarytechnology.org/perceptions/2014/ Annual survey for Libraries Satisfaction levels for

Company Current ILS Service Loyalty Migration Plans

3,141 Responses 80 Countries

Libraries Considering Switching Systems

Satisfaction levels: Large Academic

Perceptions Survey 2014

Sample: Large Academic Libraries

Satisfaction levels: Large Academic

Library Systems Report 2015“Operationalizing innovation”

http://americanlibrariesmagazine.org/2015/05/01/library-systems-report/

American Libraries Library Systems Report

Library Systems Report 2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation Online Publication: April 15, 2015 Covers 2014+ calendar year activities

Report produced from: Questionnaire of statistics and narrative

completed by each major vendor Press announcements made throughout the

year Other background information

Library Journal Automation Marketplace

Published annually in April 1 issue (2002-2013)

Based on data provided by each vendor Focused primarily on North America

Context of global library automation market

Library Technology Industry Reports

2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation

2015: Operationalizing Innovation

2013: Rush to Innovate 2012: Agents of Change 2011: New Frontier 2010: New Models, Core

Systems 2009: Investing in the Future 2008: Opportunity out of turmoil 2007: An industry redefined 2006: Reshuffling the deck 2005: Gradual evolution 2004: Migration down,

innovation up 2003: The competition heats up 2002: Capturing the migrating

customer

American Libraries Library Journal

Industry Revenues

$1.8 billion global industry

$805 million from companies involved in the US

$495 million from US Libraries

Personnel Resources 2014

Personnel Growth / Loss

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

Ex Libris

SirsiDynix

Follett Software Company

Innovative Inter-faces, Inc.

Evolution of Resource Management

Fragmented Resource Management Integrated Library System for management of (mostly) print Duplicative financial systems between library and university Electronic Resource Management E-Resource knowledge base and Link Resolver A-Z e-journal lists and other finding aids Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending) Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm,

DigiTool, etc.) Separate systems for archival materials and special collections Discovery-layer services for broader access to library

collections No effective integration services / interoperability among

disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes

Cycles of fragmentation > unification

Early Phase: Modular automation Integrated Library Systems Proliferation of systems to manage

electronic resources and digital collections

Current unification phase: library services platforms bring together print and electronic resource management

Next phase? Bring archival and digital assets under common management platform

Integrated (for print) Library System

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

Cataloging Acquisitions Serials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Interfaces

BusinessLogic

DataStores

LMS / ERM: Fragmented Model

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

`

LicenseManagement

LicenseTerms

E-resourceProcurement

VendorsE-Journal

Titles

Protocols: CORE

Common approach for ERM

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding / Items

CircTransact

User Vendor Policies$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials OnlineCatalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

Budget License Terms

Titles / Holdings

Vendors

Access Details

Ongoing gaps in Library Technology Infrastructure

Almost no systematic automation support for references and research services Customer Relationship Management?

Resource sharing / Interlibrary loan management

Archives and Special Collections

Comprehensive Resource Management

Simplify resource management through platform consolidation

ILS + ERM + OpenURL Resolver + Digital Asset management, etc. very inefficient model

Consolidation requires a flexible platform capable of managing multiple type of library materials, multiple metadata formats, with appropriate workflows

Library Services Platform

Library-specific software. Technical infrastructure to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services

Services Services-oriented architecture Exposes Web services and other API’s Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users

Platform General infrastructure for library automation Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to

extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data

Library Services Platforms – Functional

Manages electronic and print formats of materials

Replaces multiple incumbent products Extensive Metadata Management Multiple procurement workflows Knowledgebases Built-in collection analytics Decision support for collection

development

Knowledge bases

Electronic Resource Management based on collective database of the body of e-content rather than library-by-library management

LSP extends knowledge base model to all resources Make links or associations from local holdings to

common bibliographic records WorldShare Management Services – based on

WorldCat Bibliographic records Ex Libris Alma – includes Community Zone of shared

records and resources Intota: expanded knowledge base that includes MARC

and other resources

Support for BIBFRAME

New bibliographic framework based on mapping MARC concepts and data into linked data model

No direct support for BIBFRAME in either integrated library systems or library services platforms

Developers are involved in BIBFRAME initiative Operational implementations will come once the

model has stabilized Current phase of experimental projects and

prototypes Applies differently to discovery versus resource

management

Library Services Platforms – Technical

Beyond Client/Server Computing Multi-tenant platforms Web-based interfaces Services-oriented architecture Exposes APIs for extensibility and

interoperability Interoperable

Con

solid

ate

d in

dex

Unified Presentation LayerSearch:

Digital Coll

ProQuest

EBSCO…

JSTOR

Other Resour

ces

New Library Management Model

`

API Layer

Library Services Platform

LearningManageme

nt

LearningManageme

nt

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

Enterprise ResourcePlanning

StockManageme

nt

StockManageme

nt

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Self-Check /

Automated Return

Authentication

Service

Authentication

Service

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Smart Cad /

Payment systems

Discovery

Service

Development Schedule

WorldShare Management Services

Alma Intota Sierra Services Platform

Kuali OLE

General Release in July 2011~200 now in productionFirst ARL member in production in June 2014

329 libraries have signed for Alma. Over 250 in production

Libraries expected to be in production by late 2015 early to late 2016

336 contracts completed, 495libraries in production

Version 1.0 released Dec 2013Version 2.0 underwaySummer 2014 implementations atUniversity of Chicago and Lehigh University

Resource Management ModelsCategory Integrated

Library SystemProgressive

integrated library System

Library Services Platform

Resources managed

Physical Print, electronic Electronic, Physical

Technology platform

Server-based Server-based Multi-tenant SaaS

Knowledgebases None None e-holdings, bibliographic

Patron interfaces Browser-based Browser-based Browser-based

Staff interfaces Graphical Desktop (Java Swing, Windows, Mac OS)

Browser-based Browser-based

Procurement models

Purchase Purchase, license license

Hosting option Local install, ASP Local install, ASP Saas Only

Interoperability Batch transfer, proprietary API

Batch transfer, RESTful APIs,

APIs (mostly RESTful)

Products SirsiDynix Symphony, Millennium, Polaris

Sierra, SirsiDynix Symphony/BLUEcloud, Polaris, Apollo

WorldShare Management Services, Alma, ProQuest Intota, Sierra, Kuali OLE

Development strategy

Brownfield Brownfield Greenfield (mixed)

Development Timeline for Library Services Platforms

Library Services Platform Installations

Production installations as of December 2014

Product Installations

2014 Sales

Alma 406 43

WorldShare Management Services

303 79

Kuali OLE 2 10

Intota 0 21

Sierra 495 123

Cycle of adoption and deployment

Beginning of a new cycle of transition that will last a decade

Development and beta phase complete Now in mass deployment phase Over the course of the next decade, academic

libraries will replace their current legacy products with new platforms

Not just a change of technology but a substantial change in the ways that libraries manage their resources and deliver their services

Relationship with Discovery

Discovery and Management solutions will increasingly be implemented as matched sets Ex Libris: Primo / Alma ProQuest: Summon / Intota OCLC: WorldCat Discovery Service / WorldShare Platform Except: Kuali OLE, EBSCO Discovery Service: Works with any Resource

management system Both depend on an ecosystem of interrelated

knowledge bases API’s exposed to mix and match, but efficiencies and

synergies are lost

Web-scale Index-based Discovery

Search:

Digital Collections

Web Site ContentInstitution

al Repositori

es

…E-Journals

Reference Sources

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting and indexing

Conso

lidate

d In

dex

ILS Data

Aggregated Content packages

(2009- present)

Usage-generate

dData

Customer

Profile

Comprehensive Library Portal

Integrated Library System

Library Web site

SubjectGuides

Article, Databases,E-Book collections

Public Interfaces:

Presentation Layer

Discovery Service Statistics

Discovery Product 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014InstalledEBSCO Discovery Service 1774 2634 8246

Primo 506 111 101 98 88 1529

Encore 56 72  36

Summon 164 214 158 195 697

WorldCat Discovery 2085

Demise of the local catalog

Many library services platforms do not include the concept of an online catalog dedicated to local physical inventory

Designed for discovery services as public-facing interface

Implication: Discovery service must incorporate detailed functionality for local materials and related services

Discovery Strategy Options

Integrated suite: discovery and management systems from the same provider

Open source discovery + Library Services Platform VuFind or Blacklight

Discovery layer + ERM with separate ILS for print collection

Fully Integrated Strategy

Library services Platform Index-based discovery service Integrated link resolution Shared e-resource knowledgebase Analytics available from back-end and

discovery perspective

Split Management / Discovery Strategy

Library Services Platform for management of print and electronic resources

Separate index-based discovery Knowledge base probably provided through Library

Services Platform Link Resolution separate from Discovery: how to

perform smart linking? Export and sync resource records from management

to discovery service API look-ups for resource availability and status Patron profile and services request split between

discovery and resource management components

Changing models of Resource Sharing

Progressive consolidation of library services

Centralization of technical infrastructure of multiple libraries within a campus

Resource sharing support Direct borrowing among partner institutions

Shared infrastructure between institutions Examples: 2CUL (Columbia University /

Cornell University) Orbis Cascade Alliance (37 independent

colleges and universities to merge into shared LSP)

BibliographicDatabase

Library System

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

Holdings

Main Facility

Search:

Integrated Library System

Patrons useCirculation featuresto request itemsfrom other branches

Floating Collectionsmay reduce workload forInter-branchtransfers

Model:Multi-branchIndependentLibrary System

BibliographicDatabase

Library System A

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System B

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System C

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System D

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System F

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

BibliographicDatabase

Library System E

Branch 1

Branch 2

Branch 3

Branch 4

Branch 5

Branch 6

Branch 7

Branch 8

HoldingsMain Facility

Resource Sharing Application

BibliographicDatabase

Discovery and Request Management Routines

Staff Fulfillment Tools

Inter-System Communications

NCIP

SIP ISO ILL

Z39.50

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

NCIP

Search:

Consortial Resource Sharing System

BibliographicDatabase

Shared Consortia System

Library 2

Library 3

Library 4

Library 5

Library 7

Library 8

Library 9

Library 10

Holdings

Library 1 Library 6

Shared Consortial ILS

Search:

Model:Multipleindependentlibraries in aConsortiumShare an ILS

ILS configuredTo supportDirect consortialBorrowing throughCirculation Module

Library Consortia

Groups of libraries want to work together to share an automation system

Number of participants limited by the perceived capacities of the automation system

Shared Infrastructure

Common discovery Retention of local automation systems Technical complex with moderate

operational benefits Common discovery + Resource

Management Systems Shared Resource management with local

discovery options

Support for Collaborative Infrastructure

Benefits of shared infrastructure Increased cooperation and resource

sharing Collaborative collection management Lower costs per institution Greater universe of content readily

available to patrons Avoid add-on components for union

catalog and resource requests and routing

Large-scale Implementations Scale of any given project is no longer

limited Multi-tenant systems are already

supporting very large numbers of sites Shared implementation does not

necessarily require more resources than separate ones

WHELF 

Wales Higher Education Libraries Forum

Institution Prior ILS Bib Records

Aberystwyth University Voyager 677,846Bangor & Glyndwr University Sierra 591,673

Cardiff University & Welsh National Health Service

Voyager 856,381

Cardiff Metropolitan University Alto 269,965

National Library of Wales Virtua 6,643,696

Royal Welsh College of Music and Drama

Voyager 53,544

Swansea University Voyager 738,399University of South Wales Symphon

y365,602

University of Wales Trinity St. David Horizon 637,326

Total   10,834,432

Orbis Cascade Alliance

Orbis Cascade Alliance

Campus Libraries 37

Aggregated Enrollment

258,000

Total Titles 9 million

Total Items 28 million

California State University Institution Titles Volumes Circulation Staff FTE

Bakersfield 473,134 637,606 15,714 25Channel Islands 100,433 255,594   24Chico 850,000 1,265,907 32,182 59Dominguez Hills 628,193 637,064 8,456 38East Bay 944,415 1,139,057 33,491 43Fresno 1,928,624 1,345,398 208,491 78Fullerton 1,153,714 1,256,867 61,486 74Humboldt 692,017 807,101 30,300 31Long Beach 1,198,788 3,073,252 147,461 68Los Angeles 926,498 983,229 35,665 48Maritime Academy 42,854 154,820 5,439 8Monterey Bay 277,228 333,982 27,768 16Northridge 1,575,695 2,170,589 130,322 138Pomona 776,251 1,058,236 43,514 48Sacramento 1,189,093 1,415,562 98,675 66San Bernardino 935,366 868,453 29,001 90San Diego 2,340,641 2,513,984 46,402 106San Francisco 1,524,464 1,677,437 89,161 89San Jose 1,505,676 1,441,279 94,745 88San Luis Obispo 805,508 724,531 38,895 62San Marcos 441,812 538,203 17,071 47Sonoma 506,040 585,082 191,187 34Stanislaus 344,311 513,565 31,611 27

Total 21,160,755 25,396,798 1,417,037 1,307

University of California

University of CaliforniaCampus Libraries

10

Aggregated Enrollment

238,686

Total Titles 38 millionTotal Items 45 million

The University of California system is in an earlier stage of consideration regarding the possibility of a shared resource management system. .

Comparison of Projects

Institution Volumes Libraries

Harvard University 18,900,000 79

Orbis Cascade Alliance 28,000,000 66

WHELF 10,834,432 32

California State University

25,396,798 25

University of California 45,000,000 100

Questions and discussion