Revision questions 2.1. Molecular Biology Understandings, Applications and Skills Understandings: Molecular biology explains living processes in terms of the chemical substances involved. Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds allowing a diversity of stable compounds to exist. Life is based on carbon compounds including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. Metabolism is the web of all the enzyme-catalysed reactions in a cell or organism. Anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions. Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers Applications and skills: • Application: Urea as an example of a compound that is produced by living organisms but can also be artificially synthesized. • Skill: Drawing molecular diagrams of glucose, ribose, a saturated fatty acid and a generalized amino acid. • Skill: Identification of biochemicals such as sugars, lipids or amino acids from molecular diagrams. Dr. Miltiadis Kitsos, DP Biology, Platon School, mailto:[email protected]; http ://www.stepsinbiology.com
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Revision questions on Topic 2.1. From Molecules to Metabolism
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Revision questions 2.1. Molecular Biology
Understandings, Applications and Skills
Understandings: Molecular biology explains living processes in terms of the chemical substances
involved. Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds allowing a diversity of stable
compounds to exist. Life is based on carbon compounds including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and
nucleic acids. Metabolism is the web of all the enzyme-catalysed reactions in a cell or organism. Anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules
including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions.
Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers
Applications and skills:• Application: Urea as an example of a compound that is produced by living
organisms but can also be artificially synthesized.• Skill: Drawing molecular diagrams of glucose, ribose, a saturated fatty acid and a
generalized amino acid.• Skill: Identification of biochemicals such as sugars, lipids or amino acids from
Molecular biology explains living processes in terms of the chemical substances involved
1. Explain the reductionist approach that molecular biologists use. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Explain how the reductionist approach contrasts the concept of emerging properties in biology. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Urea as an example of a compound that is produced by living organisms but can also be artificially synthesized.
3. Urea is produced in the liver but is also produced artificially. Distinguish between the two processes and outline their purpose. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Define vitalism and explain how the artificial synthesis of urea falsified the theory of vitalism. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Carbon atoms can form four covalent bonds allowing a diversity of stable compounds to exist.Dr. Miltiadis Kitsos, DP Biology, Platon School, mailto:[email protected]; http ://www.stepsinbiology.com
6. Using information from question 6 state how many of these bonds may be formed by any carbon atom.……………………………………………………………………………………
7. Explain how the properties of carbon are related to the diversity of carbon compounds. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
Life is based on carbon compounds including carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids.8. Compare the basic features of the following macromoleculues
Name Participating elements
Building blocks Categories Functions in living organisms
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acids
Skill: Drawing molecular diagrams of glucose, ribose, a saturated fatty acid and a generalized amino acid.
Metabolism is the web of all the enzyme-catalysed reactions in a cell or organism.Anabolism is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions.Catabolism is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules including the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers.
Paine, Chris . “BioKnowledgy DP Notes 2.1 Molecules to metabolism” Web. 11 Nov 2016.<http://www.slideshare.net/diverzippy/bio-k-dp-notes-21?ref=http://www.bioknowledgy.info/21-molecules-to-metabolism.html>