REVIEW OF BIO-GAS DIESEL DUAL FUEL ENGINE

Seminar IIon

“Review of Biogas diesel dual fuel engine”

Presented by:

Ansari Md Afzal M

ME (HP) Roll no:02

Guided by: Mr.Ummid Shaikh

Outline

• Introduction• Working principle• Literature review• Conclusion

Introduction

• Research are doing for nonrenewable energy replace by renewable energy sources for power generation.

• Diesel engine there are various experiment carried out to improve performance of engine, reduce fuel consumption, reduce emission, improve the efficiency e.t.c.

• Diesel are replace by renewable alternative fuel like Natural gas, Biodiesel, Biogas.

• Generally biogas-diesel dual fuel engine are used for power generation.

• Fuel property.

Working Principle:

Fig1: Engine test rig set-up. [1]

Literature review 1. N. Tippayawong and Promwungkwa, Long-term operation of a small

biogas/diesel dual-fuel Engine for on-farm electricity generation. (2007)

• Engine operation up to 2000 h over a fixed load 1.45 kW and engine speeds 1500 rpm.

• Biogas was store at 245 Pa and it was fed to an engine intake port at a pressure of about 100–150 Pa.

• To present the percentage of diesel replacement by biogas:

• Thermal efficiency:

Result:• Heavy carbon deposition on the piston face, combustion chamber wall,

intake and exhaust ports.• Formation of sulphur dioxide during combustion, which is responsible for

engine corrosion.

Fig 2: Biogas — inlet air mixing device. [1]

2. Suneerat Pipatmanomai, Economic assessment of biogas-to-electricity generation system with H2S removal by activated carbon in small pig farm. (2008)

• The 2% potassium iodide (KI) impregnated activated carbon selected as H2S adsorbent.

• Two adsorption columns, each of which was packed with 2 kg of prepared absorbent.

Fig 3: Schematic diagram of H2S removal unit from biogas and H2S adsorption breakthrough curves.[2]

3. Juan-Pablo Gómez-Montoya, Effect of Biogas enriched with hydrogen on the operation and performance of A Diesel-Biogas dual engine. (2012)

• The hydrogen concentration 5 to 20% H2.• Increases in peak pressure chamber up to 10.7 bar• Diesel substitution levels up to 80%• Thermal efficiency increases up to 16% and• Carbon monoxide emissions decreases up to 13% at full load.

Performance

1) 100% of full load for 20% hydrogen enrichment2) At full load hydrogen percentage varied, 20% H2 give better performance

Fig 3: Cylinder Crank angle when load as well percentage of hydrogen varied[3]

4. N.Tippayawong, Durability of a small agriculture engine on biogas-diesel dual fuel operation. (2010)

• Engine test carried out on single cylinder, naturally aspirated, 4-stroke, direct injection diesel engine at a speed of 1500 rpm, coupled to a generator set to generate electricity 1.5 kW for over 3500 hours.

• Test are carried out after 900, 1000 and 3500 hours.

Carbon deposits:• The carbon deposit formations on cylinder head, piston, injector tip, inlet

and exhaust valves were examined.

Engine wear:• Sliding contact between solid, results in the generation of minute particles

of metal. Like Intake valve, Exhaust valve, 1st piston ring, 2nd piston ring which reduce mass lose.

Fig 4: Carbon deposits on main engine components before and after 3500 hours durability test[4]

5. kanit Wattanavichien and Phan Minh Duc , Study on biogas premixed charge diesel fuelled engine. (2007)

• A small IDI biogas premixed charge diesel dual fuelled CI engine used in agricultural applications

• The engine speeds were 1000, 1200, 1500, 1800, 2000 and 2400 rpm.• Full load performance in two fuelling modes.• Specific diesel consumption and substitution at full load in two fuelling

modes.• Brake total energy conversion efficiency at full load in two modes.• Dual fuel operation for IDI engines is less effective than for DI engines

because of too high surface to volume ratio of the combustion chamber.

Full load performance in two fuelling modes.

Figure 5: Full load performance in two fuelling modes[5]

Specific diesel consumption and substitution at full load in two fuelling modes

Figure 6: Specific diesel consumption and substitution at full load in two fuelling modes[5]

Brake total energy conversion efficiency at full load in two modes.

Figure 7: Brake total energy conversion efficiency at full load in two modes[5]

6.Debabrata Barik, Investigation on combustion performance and emission characteristics of a DI diesel engine fueled with biogas-diesel in dual fuel mode. (2013)

• In this paper diesel was used as an injected fuel and biogas was inducted through the intake manifold, at four different flow rate 0.3 kg/h, 0.6 kg/h, 0.9 kg/h, and 1.2 kg/h along with air.

• Result found that 0.9 kg/h give better performance and low emission, than that of other flow rate.

• The diesel replacement of 0.215 kg/h is possible at full load. • About 36% increase in the BSFC• 6.2% drop in BTE is in comparison with diesel• 17% and 30% increase in the CO and HC emission is observed and• 39%, 42% reduction in NO, CO2 and smoke emission are observed.

8. Sittiboon Siripornakarachai, Modification and tuning of diesel bus engine for biogas electricity production (2007)

Modifications :• Air-fuel mixing replace by biogas carburetor

• Replacing the fuel injection system with spark ignition system.• Reduction of compression ratio 16:1 to 8:1 using a cylinder head

spacer.and• Modification of the turbocharger waste gate so the boost pressure

can be adjusted

Biogas carburetor design

Figure 8 Carburetor design[8]

Replacing the fuel injection system with spark ignition system

Figure 9 Spark plug adjustment[8]

Compression ratio:The compression ratio needs to be brought down from the original 16:1 to 8:1 avoid engine knock. Since a turbocharger would be used.

Fig 10 Turbocharger[8]

Conclusion

• Without much more modification of CI engine Biogas can be used as a primary fuel.

• Quality of fuel is important factor for performance of the engine.• Dual fuel engine generally used for power generation with long term

period.• 80 to 90 % of diesel can replace by biogas.

Thank you