Requirements for roadworthiness testing - RSB€¦ · Reference number DRS 145-1: 2016 © RBS yyyy © RSB 2016 RWANDA STANDARD 145 DRS-1 Second edition 2016-mm-dd Requirements for

Reference number

DRS 145-1: 2016

© RBS yyyy

© RSB 2016

RWANDA STANDARD

DRS

145-1

Second edition

2016-mm-dd

Requirements for roadworthiness testing —

Part 1:

Motor vehicles

DRS 145-1: 2016

©RSB 2016 All rights reserved ii

In order to match with technological development and to keep continuous progress in industries, Standards are subject to periodic review. Users shall ascertain that they are in possession of the latest edition

© RSB 2016

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without prior written permission from RSB.

Requests for permission to reproduce this document should be addressed to

Rwanda Standards Board

P.O Box 7099 Kigali-Rwanda

Tel. +250 252 586103/582945

E-mail: [email protected]

Website: www.rsb.gov.rw

mailto:[email protected]

DRS 145-1: 2016

iii ©RSB 2016 All rights reserved

Contents Page

1 Scope ...................................................................................................................................................... 1

2 Normative references ............................................................................................................................ 1

3 Terms and definitions ........................................................................................................................... 1

4 General testing requirements .............................................................................................................. 2 4.1 General ................................................................................................................................................... 2 4.2 Facilities ................................................................................................................................................. 2 4.3 Cleanliness ............................................................................................................................................. 3 4.4 Identification .......................................................................................................................................... 3 4.5 Inspection record .................................................................................................................................. 3 4.6 Certification of roadworthiness ........................................................................................................... 3

5 Roadworthiness requirements for all vehicles ................................................................................ 43 5.1 General ................................................................................................................................................. 43 5.2 Information and registration details .................................................................................................... 4 5.3 Road wheels and hubs.......................................................................................................................... 4 5.4 Size and type of tyres............................................................................................................................ 5 5.5 Wheel alignment .................................................................................................................................... 5 5.6 Bumper bars, bull bars, bonnets, roof carriers ................................................................................ 65 5.7 Trailer coupling on drawing vehicle .................................................................................................... 6 5.8 Coupling on trailer ................................................................................................................................. 6 5.9 Trailer landing legs ................................................................................................................................ 7 5.10 Cab mounting ........................................................................................................................................ 7 5.11 Load body or sidecar ............................................................................................................................ 7 5.12 Motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle fittings............................................................................................. 8 5.13 Seats and Safety belts .......................................................................................................................... 8 5.14 Doors ...................................................................................................................................................... 9 5.15 Floor and steps ...................................................................................................................................... 9 5.16 Mirrors ................................................................................................................................................ 109 5.17 Windscreen, windscreen wipers and washers ................................................................................. 10 5.18 Speedometer ........................................................................................................................................ 10 5.19 Hooter or audible warning device ...................................................................................................... 10 5.20 Driving controls ............................................................................................................................... 1110 5.21 Steering mechanism ........................................................................................................................... 11 5.22 Handlebars and steering (motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles only) ........................................... 11 5.23 Chassis or frame ................................................................................................................................. 12 5.24 Electrical wiring and equipment ........................................................................................................ 12 5.25 Engine ............................................................................................................................................... 1312 5.26 Drive train ............................................................................................................................................. 13 5.27 Suspension units ................................................................................................................................. 13 5.28 Braking system ................................................................................................................................ 1413 5.29 Exhaust and emission control ........................................................................................................... 19 5.30 Dimensions .......................................................................................................................................... 20 5.31 Lamps, lighting and reflectors ....................................................................................................... 2625

DRS 145-1: 2016

©RSB 2016 All rights reserved iv

6 Additional requirements for buses ................................................................................................... 29 6.1 Sides and roof ..................................................................................................................................... 29 6.2 Seats .................................................................................................................................................... 29 6.3 Windows and windscreen .................................................................................................................. 30 6.4 Number of standing passengers ....................................................................................................... 30 6.5 Passageways ................................................................................................................................... 3130 6.6 Number of persons that may be carried ........................................................................................... 31

7 Additional requirements for minibuses ............................................................................................ 31 7.1 Sides and roof ..................................................................................................................................... 31 7.2 Entrances and exits ........................................................................................................................ 3231 7.3 Seats ................................................................................................................................................ 3231 7.4 Windows and windscreen .................................................................................................................. 32 7.5 Number of persons that may be carried ....................................................................................... 3332

DRS 145-1: 2016

v ©RSB 2016 All rights reserved

Foreword

Rwanda Standards are prepared by Technical Committees and approved by Rwanda Standards Board (RSB) Board of Directors in accordance with the procedures of RSB, in compliance with Annex 3 of the WTO/TBT agreement on the preparation, adoption and application of standards.

The main task of technical committees is to prepare national standards. Final Draft Rwanda Standards adopted by Technical committees are ratified by members of RSB Board of Directors for publication and gazettment as Rwanda Standards.

FDRS 268-1 was prepared by Technical Committee RSB/TC 023, Mechanical engineering and metallurgy. In the preparation of this standard, reference was made to the following standard: SANS10047: 2009 Code of practice – the testing of Motor Vehicles for roadworthiness The assistance derived from the above source is hereby acknowledged with thanks.

Committee membership

The following organizations were represented on the Technical Committee on Mechanical engineering and metallurgy (RSB/TC 023) in the preparation of this standard. ABEM Engineering and Manufacturing Chillington Rwanda Integrated Polytechnic Regional Centre - Kigali (IPRC) Master Steel Nikil and Consultant Rwanda Agriculture Board (RAB) Rwanda Environment Management Authority (REMA) Rwanda Utilities Regulatory Authority (RURA) Rwanda National Police Ministry of Infrastructure SAFINTRA Titus and Technology Engineering and Agrotechnology Ltd (TKEA) University of Rwanda/College of Arts, Social Sciences Rwanda Standards Board (RSB) – Secretariat

DRS 145-1: 2015

1 ©RSB 2016 All rights reserved

Requirements for roadworthiness testing — Part 1: Motor vehicles

1 Scope

This Rwanda Standard covers the requirements to be fulfilled by motor vehicles to pass the examination and testing for roadworthiness of all vehicles used on Rwandan public roads.

The requirements have been limited to items which relate to safety, environment and compliance which lend themselves to detection by inspection

2 Normative references

The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.

ISO 3833, Road vehicles — Types — Terms and definitions

ISO 4000-1, Passenger car tyre and Rims - Part 1: Tyres (Metric series)

RS EAS 357, Pneumatic tyres for trucks and buses — Specification

RS EAS 359, Pneumatic tyres for light trucks — Specification

3 Terms and definitions

For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in ISO 3833 and the following apply.

3.1

acceptable

in relation to equipment used, acceptable to the appointed inspectorate

3.2

motor quadrucycle

motor vehicle other than a tractor, that has four wheels and that is designed to be driven by means of the type of controls usually fitted to a motorcycle

©RSB 2016 All rights reserved 2

3.3

motor tricycle

motor vehicle, other than a motorcycle or a tractor, that has three wheels and that is designed to be driven by means of the type of controls usually fitted to a motorcycle

3.4

rear underrun protection device

structure that is designed to prevent a vehicle from riding in underneath the motor vehicle to which the structure is fitted

3.5

roadworthy

descriptive of a vehicle that complies with the relevant provisions of this standard, and that is otherwise in a fit condition to be operated on a public road

3.6

roadworthy certificate

certification that a vehicle meets the requirements of this standard and is fit for use on the road

3.7

Public roads

all roads, streets, public places, parking stations, footpaths, bridges, ferries, as a whole, all ways opened to public traffic by land

4 General testing requirements

4.1 General

The requirements for roadworthiness testing given in this standard are intended to cover all the relevant requirements laid down by the relevant national legislation.

The inspection criteria are limited to safety and identification. The issue of a certification of roadworthiness or roadworthy certificate cannot in any way be regarded as a guarantee of the soundness of construction or mechanical condition of the vehicle.

4.2 Facilities

4.2.1 Testing of vehicles shall be carried out with the use of appropriate equipment and facilities approved by the relevant Authority.

DRS 145-1: 2015


4.2.2 In the case of a vehicle that cannot be tested at a vehicle testing station because of the vehicle's dimensions, configuration or mass or because its speed capability is less than 15 km/h (for example tractors and certain roadmarking, earthmoving, excavation, construction and loading machinery), the vehicle may be tested on site.

4.2.3 In the case of Adapted Vehicles for the Disabled (AVD) exceptions in respect of this standard may be allowed, at the discretion of the inspector, in the case of driving controls. The road test may be carried out by the disabled driver in the company of the inspector.

4.3 Cleanliness

The vehicle presented for an inspection and test shall be sufficiently clean so that all parts can be easily identified. Failure to comply with this provision will result in the rejection of the vehicle.

4.4 Identification

4.4.1 The inspector shall satisfy himself that the identification particulars of a vehicle; obtained from the vehicle itself, correspond to the registration certificate of the vehicle presented for inspection.

4.4.2 If the engine or chassis number has been obliterated, altered, defaced or does not correspond with the registration certificate or any other acceptable document, the inspector shall discontinue the inspection and record on the inspection record that a clearance from the authority in charge of registration is required before the inspection can be continued.

4.5 Inspection record

4.5.1 The inspector shall carry out the necessary inspections and tests to determine whether the vehicle has to be rejected or not and shall record (in duplicate) all findings on an inspection record.

4.5.2 In the case of buses, minibuses, special vehicles and vehicles intended to carry dangerous goods; the inspection record shall also include items that are only applicable to these vehicles.

4.5.3 If the vehicle does not comply with the relevant items in this standard, the inspector shall state in the inspection record which items require attention.

4.5.4 One copy of the inspection record shall be handed to the owner or person presenting the vehicle for inspection and a duplicate copy shall be kept by the vehicle testing station.

4.5.5 The inspection record shall also state the inspection site and any deviation from the technical procedures laid down by this standard.

4.6 Certification of roadworthiness

After completing the inspection and tests required by this standard, the inspector finds the vehicle(s) to be acceptable as per the standard, shall authorize a roadworthy certificate/token.


5 Roadworthiness requirements for all vehicles

5.1 General

The vehicle shall be examined and tested in regard to each provision of this standard, as relevant. The vehicle shall be deemed roadworthy in the absence of any listed defect; otherwise it shall be rejected as indicated and all inspections and tests shall be recorded in inspection records.

NOTE Special consideration is required for certain vehicles like those by nature of their design do not comply with the

requirements of the provisions of this standard and that in the opinion of the inspector, such vehicles comply with their

original design performance standards, provided that they are in a safe mechanical condition.

5.2 Information and registration details

5.2.1 Registration plates

The registered vehicles shall have the registered plates that comply with the following requirements:

a) To be secured and complied with national laws.

b) Not be broken, cracked, discolored, peeling, wrinkled or blistered to such an extent that their legibility and reflectivity are affected, or if they have sharp edges, or

c) registration number, clearance certificate or permit or anything shall be applicable to the vehicle, or

d) all letters and figures on a registration plate shall legible and visible.

5.2.2 Information display

The following information shall be marked (in kilograms)and clearly legible at all times in the case of a bus, a minibus or a goods vehicle, on the left-hand side of the vehicle, in letters and figures of height at least 40 mm:

1) the tare (T);

2) the permissible maximum vehicle mass (V); and

5.3 Road wheels and hubs

The road wheels and hubs shall comply with the following requirements:

a) The wheel shall be free of cracks or any other type of damage likely to cause failure of the wheel;

b) the flanges or the tyre-retaining rings shall not fractured or cracked;

c) No any stud hole which is excessively worn;

d) The wheels shall be securely attached with correct number and types of nuts, studs or both;

e) All studs shall be securely fitted and engage for at least the same thread length as provided originally by the vehicle manufacturer;

f) the ends of any tyre-retaining ring are not butting;

DRS 145-1: 2015


g) No any wheel is excessively distorted (outside of the manufacturer's specification), bent or cracked;

h) Weld on the wheel shall be of good quality and free of defects;

i) The wheel/rim shall not be bent or buckled or excessively out of balance;

j) No any interchangeable (quickly detachable) wheels have excessive backlash in their splines;

k) when the front wheels are lifted off the ground and rocked at the top and bottom, a wheel has not excessive movement measured at the circumference of the tyre;

l) All spokes shall be intact, straight fitted and laced correctly and properly tensioned

5.4 Size and type of tyres

The tyres shall comply with the following requirements for acceptance during the inspection and testing:

a) the wheel mass loads of the tyres shall not be less than required in relation to the maximum permissible axle or axle unit mass load and the permissible maximum vehicle mass (V) of the vehicle, in accordance with the load and pressure tables given by the manufacturer;

b) all the tyres of a dual wheel shall make ground contact when the vehicle is unladen on a flat surface;

c) no any tyre is of a different size or type from any other on the same axle;

d) in the case of motor cycles/tricycles/quadrucycles, tyres shall clearly marked for off-road use only;

e) The load-carrying capacity of the tyres on an axle shall not be less than the "A" rating for the axle (see annex A);

f) The total load-carrying capacities of the vehicle tyres shall not be less than the permissible maximum vehicle mass "V"; or

g) The vehicle capacity shall be correct in relation to the number of passengers to be carried (take the number of people, times 68 kg, to determine "T". The result shall not be more than the permissible maximum vehicle mass "V").

h) Tyres shall comply with ISO 4000-1, ISO 3833, RS EAS 357 and RS EAS 359 depending on the type of cars/motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle

5.5 Wheel alignment

5.5.1 For measurement of wheel alignment, the acceptable alignment indicator shall be used to measure the side slip or "scuff” on the front wheels and check the wheel camber.

5.5.2 The side slip or "scuff of the front wheels shall not exceeds 12 mm/m or the manufacturer's specified limits

5.5.3 The camber shall not exceed the manufacturer's specified limits and in the case of a semitrailer, any axle shall not be out of square to the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle by more than 10.0 mm per metre of length of trailer.

5.5.4 For motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle, the front wheel(s) (in the straight-ahead position) and rear wheel(s) shall be in the same vertical plane.


5.6 Bumper bars, bull bars, bonnets, roof carriers

5.6.1 The bumper bar, bull bars, bonnet, roof carrier or similar fitting shall be secured and shall not have sharp edges that could cause injury.

5.6.2 The bumper bars and bull bars shall not obscure any lamps, unless additional lamps are fitted and they shall not substantially exceed the normal width of the vehicle body.

5.6.2 In the case of no bumper bar or protective device being fitted, the vehicle shall not have sharp edges that could cause injury.

5.7 Trailer coupling on drawing vehicle

5.7.1 The drawbar eye or hook or pin where applied shall be secured and shall not excessively distorted or worn

5.7.2 The locking or safety devices shall be in good position and working correctly.

5.7.3 The fifth wheel shall be securely fitted to the chassis with the correct grade and number of fasteners.

5.7.4 The adequate safety locking device shall be fitted properly and shall not be damaged.

5.6.5 The wear in the wheel jaw shall not exceed the limit when checked using an acceptable vernier gauge or fifth wheel jaw gauge.

5.7.6 The towing bracket shall be correctly and securely fitted to the drawing vehicle and shall not be loose, badly welded

5.7.7 The coupling ball shall not be welded or shows excessive wear.

5.7.8 The tow bar shall not be badly welded or incorrectly fitted to the drawing vehicle and part is cracked, broken or incomplete.

5.7.9 The anchorage points around the tow bar location shall not be bent or corroded.

5.7.10 When a tow hitch pin is fitted; shall have a locking facility.

5.8 Coupling on trailer

The coupling on trailer shall be done in compliance with the following requirements:

a) The coupling shall not be distorted, fractured or loose;

b) The safety devices shall be fitted and worked correctly;

c) They shall not have excessive wear on the drawbar coupling, bushes or buckles;

d) The drawbar bolts or mounting bolts shall be of correct grade, size and number; or

DRS 145-1: 2015


e) If a trailer is coupled to a drawing vehicle when either vehicle is presented for inspection, and if the inspector suspects that there may be an excessive amount of wear in the kingpin or fifth wheel, the vehicles shall be separated before the inspection is completed.

f) The attachment of the kingpin shall be secure and no any part which is excessively worn.

g) The maximum wear allowed on a kingpin shall not exceed 3 mm on a 89 mm diameter pin (2 mm on the 114 mm top part); and 1.8 mm on a 50.8 mm diameter pin (2 mm on the 73 mm top part).

h) The locking mechanism shall work correctly and locking socket shall not be welded;

i) They shall not have is excessive wear on the coupling or pins and no part is cracked, broken or incomplete.

5.9 Trailer landing legs

The trailer landing legs shall be in compliance with the following requirements:

a) landing legs shall be securely fixed to the chassis and operate correctly;

b) mounting bolts or cross-bearing members shall not have any damage and crack.

5.10 Cab mounting

5.10.1 The cab mounting shall not have the following defects:

a) corroded sharp edges that can cause injury to pedestrians or cyclists, or damage to other vehicles;

b) corrosion that can significantly affect safety when it affects structural parts,; and

c) holes in body panels that can cause injury or affect safety.

5.10.2 The cab shall be mounted securely on the chassis and retention or safety device on a tilt cab shall not be defective or excessively worn

5.10.3 Air pipes, hydraulic pipes or electric cables shall not be liable to become trapped or subjected to excessive stress.

5.11 Load body or sidecar

The load body or sidecar of the vehicle shall meet the following requirements:

5.11.1 The load body and fittings of the vehicles shall be free from damage, which might increase the risk or severity of injury to any occupant, pedestrian or other road user.

5.11.2 The body shall be free from any damage likely to allow the entry of exhaust gases into passenger area.

5.11.3 All seals at body openings necessary to prevent the entry of exhaust gases into any passenger area shall seal effectively.


5.11.4 The load body or sidecar shall be properly secured and positioned squarely on the chassis and its condition not adversely affects the safe operation of the vehicle, or

5.11.5 The load body or sidecar shall be capable of securing and containing a load designed for it.

5.11.6 For the bus with luggage racks, there shall not be projections that could cause injury to passengers. The racks shall be adequately secured and prevent movement of luggage during normal braking and cornering manoeuvres.

5.12 Motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle fittings

5.12.1 The fittings (including fairings, footrests, pillion seats, centre stands and side stands) shall be securely and adequately attached to the vehicle and the footrests shall be fitted with a rubber or have no slip surface

5.12.2 The vehicle shall be fitted with mudguards, except when the body of the vehicle adequately serves the same purpose.

5.12.3 The vehicle shall be fitted with the stand capable of supporting the vehicle safely.

5.12.4 The vehicle shall be fitted with the chain guard, sprocket cover and self closing throttle.

5.12.5 The hand lever of the vehicle shall not be damaged to the extent that its strength or efficiency is diminished.

5.13 Seats and Safety belts

5.13.1 The seats and backrests shall be secure, structurally sound and free of jagged edges or protrusions which could be hazardous.

The driver’s seat and backrest shall be free from any defects which might impair the driver’s ability to control the vehicle.

5.13.3 Seat slides and other control mechanisms used for adjustment of the seat shall be functional, have no abnormal looseness and be effective in the release and locking actions.

5.13.4 In cases where additional seats are fitted, similar following mounting procedures shall be followed:

a) The backing plate shall:

1) be at least 3 mm thick;

2) have an area of at least 4 000 mm2 in contact with the mounting surface;

3) have rounded corners (minimum radius 10 mm); and

4) not foul any brake or fuel pipe or electric wires.

b) there shall be at least four anchorage points per seat.

DRS 145-1: 2015


c) the bolts used shall be at least M10 (grade 8.8).

d) lock nuts, spring washers or an equivalent form of locking shall be used.

e) the bolts shall engage all the threads of the nuts.

f) the seats shall not have sharp edges.

g) if the original seats fitted have safety belts, the replacement seats shall also be fitted with safety belts.

5.13.5 The safety belts shall comply with relevant standards and shall be original equipment or appropriate replacement parts

5.13.6 The safety belt shall be appropriately and securely fitted, be accessible and all components including retractors where fitted shall function correctly.

5.13.7 The safety belt webbing shall be firmly secured to its end fittings and shall not be damaged, cut, knotted or frayed.

5.13.8 Repairs or modifications to webbing, buckles, retractors or other seat belt components shall not be accepted.

5.14 Doors

5.14.1 All doors shall be securely mounted, remain securely closed. The latches and latch mechanisms shall be in good condition and effective

5.14.2 Driver controlled doors on buses shall open and shut correctly when operated from the driver’s position.

5.14.3 All latches and secondary latches on all doors giving access to passenger areas shall be correctly and secure the doors and allow them to be readily opened in an emergency

5.14.4 The door shall not be jammed or secured that it cannot be opened;

5.14.5 Except in the case of official security vehicles and other special vehicles, a door cannot be opened from both the inside and the outside;

5.15 Floor and steps

5.15.1 The floors including floors in load areas shall be in a sound condition and floors in passenger areas shall be free of loose material or objects or tears, or incorrectly fitted matting, or covering likely to interfere with driver’s ability to safely operate the vehicle.

5.15.2 In buses, floors and steps shall have a suitable non-slip surface.

5.15.3 The step shall not have loose material, or shall not excessively rusted or have a jagged edge that could cause injury.


5.15.4 The floors shall not show any thing that could interfere with the movements of the pedals.

5.16 Mirrors

5.16.1 The motor vehicle shall be fitted with a rear vision mirror capable of providing a clear view to the rear of the vehicle from the normal driving position.

5.16.2 The motor vehicle shall be fitted with external rear vision mirrors on both sides of the vehicle and all rear vision mirrors shall be securely and firmly mounted and capable of appropriate adjustment.

5.16.3 The reflective surface shall not be cracked or broken nor peeled, tarnished, discolored or deteriorated to such extent that its effectiveness is reduced.

5.17 Windscreen, windscreen wipers and washers

5.17.1 All motor vehicles (except motorcycles) fitted with a windscreen shall be fitted with an effective windscreen wiper system and windscreen washer system.

5.17.2 The windscreen wiper system and windscreen washer system shall be capable of being operated by the driver from the normal driving position

5.17.3 All components of windscreen wiper system and windscreen washer system shall be secure, functional and not excessively worn.

5.17.4 The windscreen washer jets shall be correctly aimed and the windscreen shall be tinted so that the visible light transmitted is less not than 70 %.

5.17.5 The windscreen shall not be cracked, clouded or otherwise defective that the driver's day view or night view is materially affected or obstructed;

5.17.6 Except in the case of a window in the roof, or frosted or white glass in ambulances or hearses, any other window apart from the windscreen shall be tinted so that the visible light transmitted is less than 35 %;

5.17.7 The film or tinting material applied to any windscreen, window or partition shall be free from bubbles, tears or scratches and shall be used in such manner that their presences not reduce visibility through such windscreen, window or partition in any direction.

5.18 Speedometer

The vehicle shall be fitted with a functional speedometer calibrated in km/h.

5.19 Hooter or audible warning device

5.19.1 The motor vehicle shall be fitted with one or more effective hooters or other audible warning devices, which produces a steady sound of constant pitch.

5.19.2 The hooter shall be clearly audible to a person of normal hearing at a distance of at least 90 m.

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5.20 Driving controls

5.20.1 The driving control shall have an effective non slip surface or shall be covered with non slip material.

5.20.2 The driving controls shall function properly and shall not be cracked, fractured, excessively corroded or not secure

5.20.3 The driving controls shall be well positioned so that, when operated, it will not impair proper control of the vehicle.

5.21 Steering mechanism

5.21.1 The steering wheel hub, rims, knobs which have deteriorated to an extent that they are hazardous shall not be used.

5.21.2 The play at the steering wheel shall not exceed 45° or the manufacturer's recommendation.

5.21.3 There shall not be any relative movement between the steering column shaft and the steering wheel.

5.21.4 The steering wheel hub, rim or any spoke shall not be broken or damaged.

5.21.5 The steering wheel shall not be fitted with any anti-theft device that enables the steering wheel to be disconnected from the steering mechanism.

5.21.6 The flexible coupling or universal joint for steering column shall be secured and not excessively worn.

5.21.7 The column or rod shall not be damaged or bent and the column shall not be repaired by heating or welding.

5.21.8 All part of steering mechanism shall be present and shall not be cracked, fractured, damaged, distorted, loose or excessively worn.

5.21.9 All fasteners, retaining devices or locking devices shall be present and correctly fitted.

5.21.10 The power steering pumps or associated components shall be work and be securely mounted.

5.21.11 The hoses, pipes and drive belts shall not foul any other components in a manner likely to cause failure.

5.21.12 All fittings shall be free of oils leaks and the reservoir shall be correctly filled.

Note Dampness or staining around seals is acceptable

5.22 Handlebars and steering (motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles only)

5.22.1 Handlebars shall be symmetrical fitted to the vehicles


5.221.2 The distance between the outside edges of the handlebars is shall be at least:

a) 600 mm for a motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle with an engine capacity of 200 cc or more, and

b) 500 mm on all other motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles.

5.22.3 The outer ends of the handgrips shall not be

a) higher than 500 mm above the seat;

b) lower than the seat, or

c) more than 800 mm apart.

5.22.4 The handlebars shall not be reconstructed or modified;

5.22.5 The steering lock on both sides shall be approximately the same;

5.22.6 The steering damper (if fitted) shall be in good condition.

5.22.7 When the wheel is in the straight-ahead position, shall not have an excessive amount of lost motion (backlash) in the steering mechanism from the handlebar to the front wheel (or, where relevant, to each front wheel).

5.23 Chassis or frame

5.23.1 The structural components of chassis or frame shall be sound and free from cracks, damage, faulty repairs or modifications, rust, deterioration, distortion or any other condition which can lead to structural failure of the vehicle or adversely affect the performance of safety related features.

5.23.2 The cross-member or main member shall not be deformed to the extent that the control of the vehicle or safe carriage of the load can be affected;

5.23.3 The flitch plate, nut, bolt or other fastening between the frame and a cross-member shall be present and properly secure.

5.23.4 The chassis or frame shall not have any modification or drilling that weakens it. In case welded or repaired, the welding or repair shall be appropriate to the nature of the chassis.

5.24 Electrical wiring and equipment

5.24.1 Electrical wiring shall be properly supported at least every 600 mm, insulated, secured, protected from chafing and located to minimize hazards to vehicle occupants or others.

5.24.2 The battery and battery carrier shall be properly secure, the battery cap shall be present and the battery case shall not show any leakage.

5.24.3 The switch shall operate correctly and no any fuses shall be substituted with metal foil, nails or copper wire

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.25 Engine

5.25.1 All mountings, brackets and fastenings necessary for safe operation of the vehicle shall be secure and free from damage, deterioration or abnormal distortion. The engine shall not be misfiring.

5.25.2 The shafts, splines, universal joints, support bearings, tail shaft guards shall be in good condition and free of excessive wear and vibration.

5.25.3 The power unit, clutch system, transmission system, differentials, axle housing and all associated pipelines shall be properly sealed and free of dripping or flowing oil leaks onto the roadway exhaust system or brake friction surfaces.

5.25.4 The insulation material in an engine enclosure shall be in good condition and free from contamination by fuels or lubricants and there shall not be any accumulation of fuel or lubricant in engine compartment.

5.25.5 The engine shall not be capable of being started by the self-starter or, if not equipped with a self-starter.

5.26 Drive train

The drive train components shall be securely fitted without any damage, shall not be fractured, excessively worn, not have excessive vibration or abnormal noise.

The splined joint shall not have excessive worn and gears shall be capable to remain in mesh without manual assistance

5.26.1 The chain for motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles shall have chain guard and shall be properly tensioned.

5.26.2 The chain motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles shall not be out of alignment and excessively worn.

5.26.3 The sprocket teeth motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles shall not be hooked or otherwise excessively worn.

5.27 Suspension units

5.27.1 All suspension components shall be properly mounted and aligned with no distortion, cracks, fractures or other damage likely to cause failure or instability.

5.27.2 There shall be adequate clearance between components and the vehicle body, joints, bushes, pivots, dust, grease seals and wheel bearings. The mounting shall be in good condition.

5.27.3 The shock absorbers and struts shall be securely mounted, function effectively and be free of leaks.

Note: Dampness or staining around seals is acceptable


5.28 Braking system

5.28.1 General

5.28.1.1 All brake components shall function correctly and shall be securely mounted, appropriately located and free from visible wear, distortion or damage likely to cause failure, malfunction or uneven application.

5.28.1.2 All part of the braking system shall be present and shall not be cracked, fractured, damaged, distorted, loose or excessively worn.

5.28.1.3 Any part of the breaking system shall show signs of having been repaired by heating or welding.

5.28.1.4 Brake piping shall be of an appropriate material and adequately supported and shall not be excessively chafed, corroded or damage.

5.28.1.5 Hydraulic systems shall be filled to the appropriate level and all pipes, hoses, cylinders and reservoirs shall be free from leaks and apparent contamination.

Note Brake fluid dampness behind cylinder boots is acceptable and alone should not be a cause for rejection.

5.28.1.6 Air systems, including trailer brake connections, where fitted, shall be free from leaks.

5.28.1.7Compressors shall be properly mounted and aligned with drive belts in good condition and correctly tensioned.

5.28.1.7 All compressors shall be capable of rapid build up, recovery and working pressure maintenance.

5.28.1.8 The tanks and other valves and components shall be free of contamination, including excessive oil build up, which may adversely affect their operation.

5.28.1.9 Lining materials, pads or discs shall not be excessively worn and brake lining materials shall not be contaminated with oil.

5.28.1.10 The thickness of the friction section of a brake disc or the internal diameter of a brake drum shall be within the manufacturer’s specifications.

5.28.2 Air or vacuum warning device of braking systems

5.28.2.1 The motor vehicle equipped with a service brake that is operated solely on air or vacuum that shall be equipped with an air or vacuum warning device.

5.28.2.2 The motor vehicle equipped or intended to draw a trailer and that trailer is fitted with an air or vacuum brake, the warning device shall be fitted in the driving compartment of the drawing vehicle.

5.28.2.3 The device that is intended to give visible or audible warning of the pressure becoming such that the brake is incapable of stopping the vehicle shall be present and serviceable.

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.28.3 Brakes and braking performance (motorcycles only)

5.28.3.1 The vehicle shall be equipped with two separate braking systems, one acting on the front wheel(s) and one on the rear wheel(s).

5.28.3.2 The performance of each braking system shall be equivalent to that specified for an emergency brake and with both braking systems applied; their combined performance shall be equivalent to the performance specified for a service brake.

5.28.3.3 The foot brake pedal shall have a non-slip surface and the brakes shall be adjusted so that the vehicle will move freely when the brakes are released.

5.28.3.4 The hydraulic brake shall be capable of giving full and efficient application of the brake with only one stroke of the lever or pedal (as relevant).

5.28.3.5 The lever or pedal of an hydraulic brake shall not continue to move under a constant pressure maintained for 1 min and the lever or pedal of a brake shall return to its original position when released after application.

5.28.4 Braking performance (light and heavy vehicles)

5.28.4.1 Braking performance requirements

5.28.4.1.1 When tested according to 5.28.4.3.1, the following requirements shall be fulfilled:

a) the measured braking force shall not be less than the required braking force;

b) the cyclical variation of the braking force shall not show excessive drum ovality or disc distortion;

c) the measured braking force of any individual brake shall not different from that of any other brake on the same axle by more than 30 %.

5.28.4.1.2 When tested according to 5.28.4.3.2, the following requirements shall be fulfilled:

a) the stopping distance shall not be more than, or the deceleration not less than the appropriate value given in tables 1 to 4 for light vehicles and in tables 5 to 8 for heavy vehicles;

b) during the road test there shall not be excessive pedal travel or brake shudder or the vehicle shall not be pulling to the left or right during the application of the brakes.

Table 1 — Service brake of light vehicle or combination of vehicles capable of exceeding a speed of 40 km/h


Table 2 — Service brake of light vehicle or combination of vehicles not capable of exceeding a speed of 40 km/h

Table 3 — Emergency brake of light vehicle or combination of vehicles capable

of exceeding a speed of 40 km/h

Table 4 — Emergency brake of light vehicle or combination of vehicles not capable


Table 5 — Service brake of heavy vehicle or combination of vehicles capable


DRS 145-1: 2015


Table 6 — Service brake of heavy vehicle or combination of vehicles not capable of exceeding a speed of 40 km/h

Table 7 — Emergency brake of heavy vehicle or combination of vehicles capable


Table 8 — Emergency brake of heavy vehicle or combination of vehicles not capable of exceeding a speed of 40 km/h

5.28.4.2 Parking brake

When tested according to 5.28.4.3.3, the following requirements shall be fulfilled:

a) with the engine disengaged, the parking brake alone shall keep the vehicle stationary and

b) slope obtained shall not be less than the required 1:8.33 (12 %).

NOTE A vehicle may be presented laden or unladen.

5.28.4.3 Test methods

5.28.4.3.1 Brake roller test

5.28.4.3.1.1 When using a weighbridge


a) weigh the vehicle and obtain the mass of the front and rear axle loads.

b) calculate the required braking force per each wheel (for the front wheels, use the front axle load and for the rear wheels, use the rear axle load) using the following formula:

Where

Fb is the required braking force on each wheel in Newtons (kN);

Ma is the axle load (front or rear) in kilograms (kg);

f is the required minimum deceleration (4,4 m/s2) in metres per square second (m/s2).

c) use a brake roller-testing machine and measure the braking force developed on each individual wheel.

d) compare the results obtained in (b) and (c);

e) the load distribution of 67 % at the front and 33 % at the rear is typical for a front wheel drive passenger car. For front wheel drive cars, the mass distribution is closer to 50 % at the front and 50 % at the rear.

f) the load distribution of 67% at the front and 33 % at the rear is typical for a rear wheel drive passenger car. For rear wheel drive cars, the mass distribution is closer to 50 % at the front and 50 % at the rear.

5.28.4.3.1.2 When there is no weighbridge used:

a) calculate the total braking force required using the following formula:

Where

FT is the required minimum total braking force in Newtons (kN);

T is the tare of the vehicle in kilograms (kg);

f is the required minimum deceleration (4,4 m/s2) in metres per square second (m/s2).

b) repeat 5.28.4.3.1.1 c) and determine the total braking force by adding the individual results obtained;

c) compare 5.28.4.3.1.2 a) and b).

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.28.4.3.2 Road test

The vehicle can be tested laden or unladen with the vehicle travelling at a speed of 40 km/h (or, when relevant, at the speeds given in the appropriate of tables 2, 4, 6 and 8) on a road with a reasonably dry, smooth and hard surface and with the engine disengaged, apply the appropriate brake and note the general braking performance. Measure either:

a) the stopping distance from the point at which the braking control first moved, to the point where the vehicle stops, or

b) the deceleration, using a decelerometer.

5.28.4.3.3 Test of parking brake

5.28.4.3.3.1 Test the performance of the parking brake (in both the forward and the reverse direction) on a gradient of not more than 1:8, 33 (12%), or using an acceptable brake roller test machine. Use the formula given below to determine the slope at which the vehicle will be kept by the parking brake.

α

Where

α is the gradient percentage of the vehicle;

Ta is the tare mass of the vehicle in kilograms (kg);

F is the brake force for both wheels of the vehicle in Newtons (N) and

a is the gravity deceleration in m/s2

5.28.4.3.3.1 Alternatively, to calculate the minimum brake force required for the park brake, the following method can be used:

Tare × 0.12 × 9.81 ÷ 2 000 = minimum kilonewton brake force per wheel

NOTE 1 overrun brakes are in accordance with this calculation.

NOTE 2 All brake readings are recorded on a test sheet, if a roadworthy brake test was carried out

5.29 Exhaust and emission control

5.29.1 The exhaust system of a vehicle shall not pass through the cabin or any passenger area and shall be free of leaks.

Note Condensation drain holes are not leaks

5.29.2 The exhaust system shall be fitted with an effective silenced device and all exhaust gases shall pass through the device.


5.29.3 All mountings shall be secure and the exhaust system shall have adequate clearance between all others parts of the vehicle and the road.

5.29.4 The unshielded parts of an exhaust system, other than the outlet, shall not protrude beyond the profile of the vehicle other than on the underside.

5.29.5 The outlet shall be located so as to avoid direct entry of gases into passenger compartment and shall not extend beyond the plan of the vehicle.

5.29.6 The engine of motor vehicle shall not emit excessive smoke or fumes.

5.29.7 The chemical composition of the smoke or fumes emitted by the motor vehicle shall comply with the relevant national/regional/international standards and/or regulations in place.

5.30 Dimensions

5.30.1 Overall length

5.30.1.1 The overall length of a bus-train shall not exceed 22 m (see figure 5) and not exceed 15m for the bus.

Figure 5 — Bus-train

5.30.1.2 The single vehicle, excluding a semi-trailer, excluding any drawbar or coupling, shall not exceed 12.5 m (see figure 6).

Figure 6 — Single vehicles

5.30.1.3 The trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi-trailer), the Gross Vehicle Mass (GVM) of which does not exceed 12 000 kg, shall not exceeds 8 m, excluding the length of the drawbar or coupling (see figure 7).

DRS 145-1: 2015


Figure 7 ― Trailer with gross vehicle mass less than 12 000 kg

5.30.1.4 The trailer that is coupled to a drawing vehicle in such a manner that the trailer and the drawing vehicle cannot swivel in a horizontal plane at the coupling, the overall length including any drawbar or coupling shall not exceeds 1.8 m (see figure 8).

Figure 8 — Drawing vehicle and trailer

5.30.1.5 The trailer with one axle or axle unit (other than a semi-trailer), the GVM of which exceeds 12 000 kg, shall not exceeds 11, 3 m, excluding the length of the drawbar or coupling (see figure 9).

Figure 9 — Trailer with gross vehicle mass greater than 12 000 kg

5.30.1.6 The trailer not referred to in 5.30.1.3, 5.30.1.4 and 5.30.1.5 above (other than a semi-trailer), the GVM of which exceeds 12 000 kg, shall not exceeds 12, 5 m, excluding the length of any drawbar or coupling (see figure 10).

NOTE This subclause does not apply to a breakdown vehicle while towing another motor vehicle.


Figure 10 — Trailer

5.30.2 Overall width

The overall width of any vehicle (see figure 11), including a minibus, shall not exceed 2.5 m except that 2.6 m is permitted in the case of: a) goods vehicles with a GVM of at least 12 000 kg, and b) buses of which the distance between the centre lines of the two front wheels exceeds 1.9m.

Figure 11 — Overall width of vehicles

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.30.3 Overall height

5.30.3.1 The overall height of double-deck bus shall not exceed 4.65 m (see figure 12) 5.30.3.2 The overall height of any other vehicle (other than a double-deck bus) laden or unladen, shall not exceed 4.3 m (see figure 12).

Figure 12 — Overall height of vehicles

5.30.4 Wheelbase

5.30.4.1 The wheelbase of the semi-trailer shall not exceeds 10 m (see figure 13)

Figure 13 — Wheelbase of semi-trailers

5.30.4.2 The wheelbase of the bus-train shall not exceed 15 m (see figure 14)


Figure 13 — Wheelbase of bus-train

5.30.4.3 The wheelbase of any other vehicle shall not exceeds 8,5 m (see figure 15).

Figure 15 — Wheelbase of other vehicles

5.30.5 Overhang

5.30.5.1 The front overhang of semitrailer exceeds 1.8 m (see figure 16).

Figure 16 — Overhang of semi-trailers

5.30.5.2 The front overhang of any vehicle (other than a semitrailer or a trailer with one axle or one axle unit) shall not exceed 60 % of the wheelbase or not exceed 6.2 m less half the wheelbase, in the case of a vehicle in which the front surface of the backrest of the driver's seat at seat level is within 1.7 m of the front end of the vehicle, when such seat, if adjustable, is in the rearmost position (see figure 17).

NOTE In the case of bus-train, this wheelbase is the distance measured from the centre of the front axle to the centre

of the middle axle.

DRS 145-1: 2015


Figure 17 — Overhang of vehicles

5.30.5.3 The front overhang shall not exceed 5.8 m less half the wheelbase, in the case of any other vehicle.

5.30.5.4 The rear-overhang of the vehicle, bus, self-propelled caravan or any vehicle designed or adapted for use in connection with street cleaning or the disposal of refuse or sewage shall not exceed 70 % of its wheelbase (see figure 18 and 19).

Figure 18 — Rear-overhang of buses

Figure 18 — Rear-overhang of specialist vehicles

5.30.5.5 The rear-overhang of any trailer with one axle or one axle unit, other than a semitrailer, shall not exceed 50 % of the length of the body of the trailer (see figure 20).

5.30.5.6 The rear-overhang of any trailer, other than a semitrailer, with two axles, where the distance between the centre-lines of the axles is less than 1.2 m, shall not exceed 50 % of the length of the body of the trailer (see figure 20).


Figure 20 — Rear overhang of trailers

5.30.5.7 The rear-overhang of any other vehicle shall not exceed 60 % of the wheelbase.

5.31 Lamps, lighting and reflectors

5.31.1 General requirements

5.31.1.1 Lighting requirements (lamps, reflectors and marking plates) very substantially with the type of vehicle and its date of manufacture

5.31.1.2 All motor vehicles shall be fitted with headlamps, stop lamps, front and rear position lamps, a registration plate lamp and turn signal lamps.

5.31.1.3 All lamps shall be in good condition, securely mounted and correctly oriented and reflectors shall be functional of the correct colour and securely mounted.

5.31.1.4 The lamp shall be bright enough to be seen from a distance of 150 m when visibility is such that persons and vehicles are not clearly discernible at 150 m.

5.31.2 Headlamps

5.31.2.1 The centre of any headlamp shall not be less than 450 mm or more than 1.4 m from ground level, unless homologated as such by the regulatory authority, or more than 500 mm behind the front end of the vehicle.

5.31.2.2 One each side of the longitudinal centre line of the vehicle, there shall be dipped-beam headlamp with the outermost portion of its illuminating surface within 400 mm of the outer edge of the vehicle, unless a parking lamp is provided on the same side.

5.31.2.3 The headlamp beams shall be of similar intensity.

5.31.2.4 The lens or reflective surface shall not be clouded, discoloured, broken or loose.

5.31.3 Rear position lamps

5.31.3.1 The rear lamp shall be fitted on either side of the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle, not more than 400 mm from the outer edges of the widest part of the vehicle.

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.31.3.2 The rear lamp shall emit a red light of luminous intensity at least two candelas (2 cd).

5.31.3.3 The rear position lamp shall be visible from the specified angles in the horizontal plane as given below and in figure 21:

a) inwards 45°; and

b) outwards 80°.

Figure 21 — Visibility angles for rear position lights

5.31.4 Registration plate lamps

The rear registration plate shall be illuminated with a white light (provided by the rear lamp or some other lamp) and the white light shall be visible from the rear other than by reflection.

5.31.5 Stop lamps

5.31.5.1 The stop lamps shall be present and emit a red light of greater intensity than the rear lamp (rear position lamp).

5.31.5.2 The stop lamp shall light when the service brake is applied and when in use shall be visible from 30m in normal sunlight.

5.31.5.3 The height of the centre of any stop lamp shall not be lower than 300 mm or higher than 2,1 m from ground level.

5.31.5.4 The vehicle shall have two stop lamps, except in the case of a tractor, or a trailer drawn by a tractor, both of which may have only one stop lamp.


5.31.5.5 The two stop lamps shall be both fitted equidistant from the longitudinal centre-line of the motor vehicle and fitted one on each side of the longitudinal centre-line.

5.31.5.6 In the case of a single stop lamp on a motorcycle/tricycle/quadrucycle, the lamp shall be in the centre or to the right of the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle.

5.31.5.7 In the case of a motor quadrucycle or motor tricycle with two back wheels, the two stop lamps shall be both fitted equidistant from the longitudinal centre-line of the motor vehicle and fitted one on each side of the longitudinal centre-line.

5.31.6 Front position lamps

5.31.6.1 The lamps shall not be more than 400 mm from the outer edges of the widest part of the vehicle or vehicle combination or the load thereon and the lamps on trailers shall not be more than 150 mm from the outer edges.

5.31.6.2 The lamps shall emit a white light visible from the front.

5.31.6.3 The front position lamp shall be visible from the specified angles in the horizontal plane as given below and in figure 22:

a) inwards 45°; and

b) outwards 80°.

Figure 22 — Visibility angles for front position lamps

DRS 145-1: 2015


5.31.7 Reflectors

5.31.7.1 The reflectors shall bear national or international mark of approval, except that where a reflector is incorporated in a cluster of lamps, the approval mark may be on the cluster instead of on the reflector.

5.31.7.2 The reflectors shall be present, securely mounted in vertical position to non movable part of the vehicle and shall not be deteriorated, broken and obscured.

5.31.7.3 The measured at its centre, shall not be less than 300 mm or more than 1.5 m from ground level.

5.31.7.4 The reflected color shall be white in the case of front, red in the case of rear and yellow in the case of side retro-reflectors.

5.31.7.5 The two white reflectors shall be fitted at the same height at the front on each side of and equidistant from the vehicle’s longitudinal centre-line.

5.31.7.6 The reflector on trailers shall not be placed so that the portion of its reflective surface furthest from the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle is further than 150 mm from the outer edge of the widest portion of the vehicle.

5.31.7.7 The reflector on other vehicles excluding motorcycles/tricycles/quadrucycles shall not be placed so that the portion of its reflective surface furthest from the longitudinal centre-line of the vehicle is further than 400 mm from the outer edge of the widest portion of the vehicle

6 Additional requirements for buses

6.1 Sides and roof

The sides of the passenger compartment shall be enclosed to a height of at least 600 mm above floor level, with material that is durable and weatherproof and the roof shall be weatherproof.

6.2 Seats

6.2.1 The seat backrest shall be of the height not less than 350 mm ± 10mm, measured from seat level to the highest point.

6.2.2 The gap between the backrest and the seat shall not exceed 200 mm ± 10mm

6.2.3 The width of backrest shall not be less than 340 ± 10 mm, measured at the widest point.

6.2.4 The height of any seat from the floor or the height from the footrest of such seat to seat level shall not be less than 250 mm ± 10mm, except in the case of a seat positioned over a wheel arch, where no limit applies.

6.2.5 The depth of any seat from the front of the seat to the front of the backrest shall not be less than 340 mm ± 10mm.


6.2.6 The number of seated passengers recorded in the documentation (and on the clearance certificate) shall not exceed the number that can be seated when the available seating has been calculated at a rate of 400 mm ± 10mm per person, measured at the widest point of the seat.

6.2.7 Where seats face in the same direction, the horizontal distance between the front of the backrests of any such seat and the back of the backrest of the seat in front shall not be less than 570 mm ± 10mm at seat level.

6.2.8 Where a seat faces a partition or similar obstruction, the horizontal distance between the front of the backrest and the partition or obstruction shall be not less than 570 mm± 10mm at seat level.

6.2.9 Where seats face one another, the horizontal distance between the backrests shall not be less than 1 200 mm ± 10mm at seat level and where a seat faces an entrance or has one side opposite an entrance; a rail or partition shall be provided between the seat and the entrance.

6.2.10 The seats shall be securely fixed and not show any cracks, fractures or any other damage that likely to cause injury to the passengers and driver.

6.2.11 The driver's seat is not adjustable and does not have a partition behind it.

6.2.12 The bus shall have at least one side passenger entrance to the main passenger compartment provided on the right side.

6.3 Windows and windscreen

6.3.1 Unless the bus has forced ventilation, every alternate window on each side shall be capable of being opened.

6.3.2 The window pane, windscreen or transparent partition shall be sound, unbroken and clear condition.

6.4 Number of standing passengers

6.4.1 The number of standing passengers, N standing, recorded in the documentation shall not exceeds that determined by the equation:

Where

A is the total clear floor space, in square meters;

B is the floor space where the roof height is less than 1.75 m plus the floor space of any cross-passageway, in square meters;

C is 0.125 m2 (the clear floor space, in square meters, that shall be available for each standing passenger);

DRS 145-1: 2015


6.4.2 The sum of the number determined above, the number of seated passengers and driver multiplied by 68 kg plus the tare (T) of the vehicle shall not exceed the permissible maximum vehicle mass (V).

6.5 Passageways

6.5.1 The bus shall have unimpeded longitudinal passageway.

6.5.2 The bus shall have cross-passageway from each entrance of the bus to the longitudinal passageway which not less than 300 mm wide from floor to seat level and 350 mm wide above any armrests or at a height of 900 mm above floor level.

6.6 Number of persons that may be carried

The permitted number of persons recorded in the documentation such as Insurance certificate shall not exceed the number of persons (including the driver) obtained by taking the lesser of the totals obtained in (a) and (b) below:

a) the number of passengers that may be carried ( NP) is given by the following formula

where

M is the minimum mass, i.e. the smallest value of the following three values:

1) the manufacturer's gross vehicle mass;

2) the permissible maximum vehicle mass; and

3) the legal limit given in the relevant national legislation.

L is the luggage mass, and shall take into account the following:

4) luggage distribution: 100 kg/m3; and

5) roof rack distribution: 75 kg/m2;

T is the unladen mass of the vehicle,

b) the number of seats shall be determined in accordance with the method given in 6.2.6

7 Additional requirements for minibuses

7.1 Sides and roof

The sides of the passenger compartment shall be enclosed to a height of at least 600 mm above floor level, with material that is durable and weatherproof and the roof shall be weatherproof.


7.2 Entrances and exits

7.2.1 The minibus shall have at least one side passenger entrance to the main passenger compartment provided on the right side.

7.2.2 Every entrance to, or exit from, a minibus shall be fitted with a door or other effective barrier.

7.3 Seats

7.3.1 The seat backrest shall be of height not less than 350 mm ±10 mm, measured from seat level to the highest point.

7.3.2 The gap between the backrest and the seat shall not exceed 200 mm ±10 mm and the width of a backrest shall not be less than 340 mm ±10 mm, measured at the widest point.

7.3.3 The height of any seat from the floor or the height from the footrest of such seat to seat level shall not be less than 250 mm ±10 mm, except in the case of a seat positioned over a wheel arch, where no limit applies.

7.3.4 The depth of any seat from the front of the seat to the front of the backrest shall not be less than 340 mm ±10 mm.

7.3.5 The number of seated passengers recorded in the documentation such as insurance certificate shall not exceed the number that can be seated when the available seating has been calculated at a rate of 380 mm ±10 mm per person, measured at the widest point of the seat, with the doors closed.

7.3.6 Where seats face in the same direction, the horizontal distance between the front of the backrests of any such seat and the back of the backrest of the seat in front shall not be less than 570 mm ±10 mm at seat level.

7.3.7 Where a seat faces a partition or similar obstruction, the horizontal distance between the front of the backrest and the partition or obstruction shall not be less than 570 mm ±10 mm at seat level.

7.3.8 Where seats face one another, the horizontal distance between the backrests shall not be less than 1 200 mm ±10 mm at seat level.

7.3.9 The seats shall be securely fixed and not show any cracks, fractures or any other damage that likely to cause injury to the passengers

7.4 Windows and windscreen

Unless the minibus has forced ventilation, every alternate window on each side shall be capable of being opened and window pane, windscreen or transparent partition shall be in a sound, unbroken and clear condition.

DRS 145-1: 2015


7.5 Number of persons that may be carried

The permitted number of persons recorded in the documentation such as Insurance certificate shall not exceed the number of persons (including the driver) obtained by taking the lesser of the totals obtained in (a) and (b) below

a) Calculation

The number of passengers that may be carried ( NP) is given by the following formula

Where

M is the minimum mass; i.e the smallest value of the following three values:

1) the manufacturer's gross vehicle mass;

2) the permissible maximum vehicle mass; and

3) the legal limit given in the relevant national regulation

L is the Luggage mass, and shall take into account the following:

4) luggage distribution: 100 kg/m3, and

5) roof-rack distribution: 75 kg/m2.

T is the unladen mass of the vehicle

b) the number of seats shall be determined in accordance with the method given in 7.3.5


FDRS 268-1: 2015

ICS 65.060.01

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