newable Energy II droelectric power systems high initial investment, low operating cost, long life expectancy no emissions; high capacity, reliability reservoirs provide water storage for navigation, irrigation, water suppl flood control, controlled discharge for recreation, fishing reservoirs flood valuable land; displacement of towns; cultural history reservoirs may increase evaporation and salinity of water water quality may decline due to impoundment natural fluctuations in stream flow are reduced – flooding reduced, but. temperature regimes are disrupted – cold water released sediment starvation of downstream system orado River – Lake Powell, Lake Mead gtze River – Three Gorges Dam e River – Aswan High Dam
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Renewable Energy II Hydroelectric power systems high initial investment, low operating cost, long life expectancy no emissions; high capacity, reliability.
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Renewable Energy II
Hydroelectric power systems
high initial investment, low operating cost, long life expectancyno emissions; high capacity, reliabilityreservoirs provide water storage for navigation, irrigation, water supplyflood control, controlled discharge for recreation, fishing
reservoirs flood valuable land; displacement of towns; cultural historyreservoirs may increase evaporation and salinity of waterwater quality may decline due to impoundmentnatural fluctuations in stream flow are reduced – flooding reduced, but...temperature regimes are disrupted – cold water releasedsediment starvation of downstream system
Tidal systems generally require a control dam (‘barrage’) to directflow through turbines.Some tidal systems have sufficient velocity to drive turbines without impoundment
Wave systems - experimental; disappointing to date
Geothermal
Steam and hot waterHot dry rock – injection and recovery of steam or hot water has beenproblematic
Ground, groundwater and lake geothermal – heat pump systemDepend on low-temperature (66-39 F heat exchangeprovide air conditioningClosed loop systems preferred
“Hot’ geothermal systems currently in operation depend onnatural recharge of cool surface water which is heated byhot rock or magma in areas of volcanic activity.