Renewable energy

• 1. RENEWABLE ENERGY -B. Prasad Chartered Engineer [email protected]

2. INTRODUCTION Renewable energy is energy obtained from sources that are essentially inexhaustible. Examples: wind power, solar power, geothermal energy, tidal power and hydroelectric power. The most important feature of renewable energy is that it can be harnessed without the release of harmful 3. Sources of energy NON RENEWABLE COAL LPG NATURAL GAS NUCLEAR FUEL CELL RENEWABLE WIND HYDRO SOLAR BIOMASS BIOGAS PHOTOVOLTAIC 4. ENERGY CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA COUNTRYCOUNTRY UNIT(KWH)UNIT(KWH) PAKISTANPAKISTAN 6969 INDONESIAINDONESIA 145145 INDIAINDIA 425425 CHINACHINA 12481248 UKUK 56005600 USAUSA 13000130000 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 INDIA UK USA TOWNSHIP UNIT(KWH) UNIT(KWH) 5. Power generation in India Powergeneration root Capacity MW % Thermal 103449 64.7 Hydro 36913 24.7 Nuclear 4560 2.9 Solar/wind/Biomass 16429 7.7 Total 1,61,351 100 6. SHARE OF ENERGY SOURCE 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 OIL COAL GAS RENEWABLE ENERGY NUCLEAR SHARE % SHARE % SOURCE SHARE % OIL 38 COAL 28 GAS 21 Renewable Energy 7 NUCLEAR 6 7. Solar collector 8. Solarpond 6000m2 Solar pond at Bhuj dairy, Bhuj, Gujarat Designed and installed by TERI 9. Fresnel ARUN160: Fresnel Paraboloid concentrator with cavity receiver with 2-axes tracking having 160 m2 aperture area installed under IIT- Bombay - Clique R & D Project sponsored by MNRE for milk pasteurization at Mahanand Dairy, Latur, 10. Solar street light EXAMPLE Height of pole: 4m No. of lamp: 1 Type of lamp: CFL (11W) No. Of battery : (12V,90Ah) Cost :30000/- 11. SOLAR LIGHT 12. Solar power generation:PV CELL 13. MERITS/LIMITATION OF PV CELL NOISE LESS ABSENCE OF MOVING PART ADDITIVE PROPERTY EASY TO OPERATE POLLUTION DEPENDS ON SUN LIGHT INITIAL COST IS HIGH ENERGY STORAGE DEVICE IS REQUIRED Merit Limitation 14. Solar power on grid/of grid off Grid solar power plant can obtain the solar energy from solar panel, and can stored in to the battery Banks On Grid tie solar power plant can obtain the solar energy from solar panel, and can tie to the grid through its output cable with no battery backups. Off Grid SolarPowerPlant On Grid SolarPowerPlant 15. Solar power generation fact Rate: 200/watt for smaller plant Space required : 10 watt per squire feet Solar Power Plant comes to Rs. 15 crore for each MW cost of generation of solar power Rs.16/-approx. Indian government is planning to offer a subsidy of 55% on installation of solar power in residential and commercial settings. 16. Solar Appliances in India 340,000 home illumination systems, 55,000 solar road lights, 1,500 of solar PV energy producing plants, 575,000 solar cookers, 560,000 solar lamps, 6,800 solar PV pumps and solar water heaters 17. PV water pumping system 18. Solar water heater: flat plate collector Example: Face area: 2 sq. Meter Temperature range :50-70 deg.C Cost:@Rs.180/LPD (Litre per day) Module : 125LPD, 250LPD,300LPD 19. Solar water heater: evacuated tube collector Example: Face area: 2 sq. Meter Temperature range :60-80 deg.C Cost:@Rs.200/L PD(Litre per day) Module : 125LPD, 250LPD,300LPD 20. Hydro energy P= 9.8 Q H where: P= power(KW) = plant efficiency Q = discharge flow rate (meter3 /s) H= head (meter) 21. Water flow 22. MERIT AND DEMERIT Power at constant rate Non -polluting Lower operational cost easy transmission Help in irrigation projects. Cater peak load High investment costs Loss of fish species Cost for construction Due to drought may become useless Dams can break in a massive flash flood Damming rivers causes changes in ecological cycles MERIT DEMERIT 23. ETHANOL,ETHYL ALCOHAL CH3CH2OH 24. USE OF ETHANOL AS SOLVENT GERMICIDE ALCOHLIC BEVRAGE ADHESIVE FUEL FOR AUTOMOBILE 25. BIO DIESEL 26. BIOMASS 27. HYDROGEN ENERGY 28. Biogas 29. Bio gas fact and cost 1m3 bio gas =0.42litre of diesel 1m3 bio gas =0.468 kg LPG 1m3 bio gas =0.62L of kerosene 1m3 bio gas =3.5 kg fore wood 1m3 bio gas =1.25 KW Electricity 10 kg of waste per day = produces around 1 CUM of biogas. Cost of the system is around Rs. 15000/- per CUM of plant. 30. ACT FAST AND INITIATE FIRST . ---- 31. THANK YOU