Remote Sensing Image Analysis - PUC RIOraul/RS/ELE2769_00_Introduction.pdf · Remote Sensing Definitions 4 “The use of electromagnetic radiation sensors to record images of the

Remote Sensing Image AnalysisIntroduction

Raul Q. FeitosaGilson. A. O. P. Costa

Patrick N. Happ

Contents

Definitions

Applications

History

Current Systems

2

Remote Sensing Definitions

3

“Sensoriamento Remoto é a ciência e a arte de obter informação sobre um objeto, área ou fenômeno através da análise de dados adquiridos por um sensor que não está em contato direto com o objeto, área ou fenômeno sob investigação.”

“Remote Sensing is the science and art of obtaining and interpreting information about an object, area, or phenomenon through the analysis of data acquired by a sensor that is not in contact with the object, area, or phenomenon being observed.”

T. Lillesand e R. W. Kiefer, 1994

Remote Sensing Definitions

4

“The use of electromagnetic radiation sensors to record images of the environment, which can be interpreted to yield useful information'

“The measurement and analysis of electromagnetic radiation reflected from, transmitted through, or absorbed and scattered by the atmosphere, the hydrosphere and by material at or near the land surface, for the purpose of understanding and managing the Earth’s resources and environment.

L. Morley, 1986

P. J. Curran, 1985

Remote Sensing Applications

5

Automatic Interpretation of Remote Sensing Images

Landsat image


6

Automatic Interpretation of Remote Sensing Images

rocha mangueurbano floresta solo águacampo


7

Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) Classification

Quic

kbird im

age


8

Land Use/Land Cover (LULC) Classification


Change Detection and Monitoring

No change

Low Impact

Medium Impact

High Impact

Very high impact

Water

Wet Land

Poor Vegetation

Moderate Vegetation

1998 Classification 2002 Classification Change

Settlement

Orchard

Dry Agriculture Land

Bare Land

Wet Agriculture Land


Change Detection and Monitoring

Deforestation in the Amazon Forest (Rondônia)

1975 1989 2001

Imagens Landsat

Remote Sensing Systems

Remote Sensing History

Current remote sensing technology derives from the development of photography (phos – light, graphien – writing), aviation and satellite technologies.

Joseph Nicephore Niépce (~1820)



Flyer II - Irmãos Wright (1903)

14 Bis – Santos-Dumont (1906)



V2 (1942) Sputnik-1 (1957)Sputnik-2 (1957)



Gasper Felix Tournachon - Nadar (1858)

Paris ~1862Nadar

Boston 1860James Wallace Black


US Army Balloon Brigade (1862)


Arthur Batut (1889)

Kite photography


Kite photography

San Francisco (1906)


Bavarian Pigeon Brigade (1904)

Julius Neubronne patented the "breast mounted pigeon camera“ (1903)


First World War (1914-1918)Wilbur Wright (1908)


First image from a rocket (1946)

Altitude of 65 miles by a 35-millimeter motion picture

camera riding on aV-2 missile launched from the

White Sands Missile Range (New Mexico)


CORONA Project (1959~1972)


CORONA Project (1959~1972)


TIROS-1 (1960)

Television Infrared Observation Satellite

Current Earth Observation (EO) SystemsPassive (Optical) Systems

Do not have their own source of radiation, so they depend on solar radiation as the energy to illuminate/capture the scene.

They measure the reflected solar radiation and/or the radiation emitted by the targets.

Current Earth Observation (EO) SystemsActive Systems

Have their own source of electromagnetic radiation, usually working in narrow bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (microwave).




Aerial Photo (84 cm)

Características dos SensoresSensores Passivos

Fotografia Aérea (84 cm)











Current Earth Observation (EO) SystemsUnmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

CTA/IPqM/CTEx/AVIBRAS

Marinha do Brasil

Exército Brasileiro


Landsat 7 ETM+ (15; 30; 60m)


CBERS 4 (5; 10; 40; 60m)


SPOT 1 (1986-2003)SPOT 2 (1990-2009)SPOT 3 (1993-1997)SPOT 5 (2002-2011)SPOT 6 (2012)SPOT 7 (2015)

SPOT 6/7 (1.5; 5m)

Imagens do Município

SPOT5 (2005)

Imagens do Município

SPOT5 (2008)


IKONOS-2 (1; 4m)

(1999-2015)

IKONOS2 March 2008 (late Summer) IKONOS2 June 2009 (late Autumn)

Solar Elevation 57,3° Off-nadir 13,0° Solar Elevation 37,8° Off-nadir 14,5°


Quickbird-2 (0.61; 2.4m)

(2001-2015)


GeoEye-1 (0.41; 1.65m)

(2008-....)


WorldView 1,2 (0.46; 1.84m)

(2007, 2009)

Paquistan, 15/6/2011


WorldView 3 (0.31; 1.38m)

(2014)


Sentinel 2A, 2B (10,20,60m)


RapidEye (5m)

(5 Satellites: 2009)


SkySat Constellation (0.9; 1.4m)

12 mini-satellites launched since 2013100kg, 80cm height


SkySat Constellation (0.9; 1.4m)HD Videos (1.1m; up to 90s)

12 mini-satellites launched since 2013100kg, 80cm height


Flock Constellations (3-5m)CubeSats (10x10x30cm; 4kg)

Flock 1: 28 satellitesFlock 2e: 20 satellitesFlock 2p: 12 satellitesFlock 2k: 48 satellitesFlock 3m: 4 satellitesFlock 3p: 4 satellites




SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)

28/10/2001


SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission)

28/10/2001

Mapped 80% of Earth’ssurface (2000)

90m resolution(30m in the EUA)

ASTER GDEM (2009)30m resolution


28/10/2001

RADARSAT-2 (C Band; up to 1m)

28/10/2001


(X Band; up to 1m)

28/10/2001


28/10/2001

Sentinel 1A, 1B (C Band; up to 1.5m)


28/10/2001

LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging

Current Earth Observation (EO) Systems

LIDAR RIEGL LMS-Q680i


28/10/2001

LiDAR - Light Detection and Ranging


List of Earth Observation Satellites (Wikipedia)

28/10/2001

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Earth_observation_satellites

Remote Sensing Image AnalysisIntroduction

Raul Q. FeitosaGilson. A. O. P. Costa

Patrick N. Happ

Remote Sensing Image Analysis - PUC RIOraul/RS/ELE2769_00_Introduction.pdf · Remote Sensing Definitions 4 “The use of electromagnetic radiation sensors to record images of the

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