Refrigeration & air conditioning

Refrigeration & Air conditioning

By-Nirav jadav

Refrigeration

Introduction Principle of refrigeration Refrigerants & it`s properties unit of refrigeration Co-efficient of performance Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR) Vapour Absorption Refrigeration (VAR) Application of refrigeration

Introduction

Refrigerator :“It is a device or system used to

maintain the low temperature below the atmosphere temperature within required space.”

Refrigeration :“the method of reducing

temperature of a system below surrounding temperature and maintain it at lower temperature continuously abstracting the heat from it.”

Principle of Refrigeration : How does it work?

High Temperature Reservoir

Low Temperature Reservoir

R Work Input

Heat Absorbed

Heat Rejected

Refrigerants The refrigerant is a heat carrying medium which

absorbsHeat from space and rejects heat to outside the refrigerator.

Properties :• Good thermal conductivity for rapid heat transfer.• Non toxic, Non-flammable, Non-corrosive.• High co-efficient of performance • High latent heat of evaporation • Low initial and maintain cost

Co-efficient of Performance : It is defined as the ratio of

heat extracted in a given time (refrigerating effect) to the work input.

The COP is the reciprocal of the efficiency of a heat engine.

Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)

The vapour refrigeration system most popular and widely used in refrigeration and air conditioning for both domestic and industrial applications.

Main parts of VCRS : 1. Compressor 2. Condenser 3. Expansion valve 4. Evaporator

Vapour Compression Refrigeration (VCR)

Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System In VAR system compressor is replaced by absorber and generator . Ammonia is suitable refrigerant for VAR system

Main parts of the vapour sorption system 1. Evaporator 2. Condenser3. Generator4. Absorber 5. Pump6. Expantion device

Vapour Absorption Refrigeration System

Application of Refrigeration 1. Storage and transportation of food2. Preservation of medicine 3. Manufacturing of ice and rubber 4. Processing of petroleum 5. Liquefaction of gases like Nitrogen , oxygen etc …..6. Cooling of water 7. Comfort air conditioning of wide area

Air conditioning Intoduction Principle of air conditioning Air conditioning systems Classification of air conditioning Window air conditioner Spilt air conditioner

Introduction

Air conditioning is not a process of only heating or cooling to some desired temperature.

Air condition is includes with follow process: 1. Cooling or heating air.2. Addition of moisture in air or removal of moisture from air 3. Purification of air 4. Addition of fresh air from outside5. Distribution of air

Principle of air conditioning

In air conditioning system , the device or unit provides air conditioning is called air conditioner .

This device continuously draws air from an indoor space which is required to cool, it cools in refrigeration system and discharge back into the same indoor space.

This continuous cyclic process of drawing , cooling and recirculation of the cooled air maintain indoor space

Air conditioning systems

1. Fans : for circulation of air2. Filers : for cleaning of air3. Heating element : heating of air4. Control system : it regulates automatically the amount of cooling or

heating5. Grille : it adjust the direction of conditioned air to the room6. Tray : it collects condensed water7. Refrigerating plan : provide cooling . It consists of compressor /

generator and absorber , evaporator , condenser , expansion device

Classification of Air Conditioning System A. According to arrangement of equipment 1. Unitary system2. Central system

B. According to the purpose1. Comfort air conditioning system2. Industrial air conditioning system

C. According to season of year1. Winter air conditioning system2. Summer air conditioning system

TYPE OF AIR-CONDITIONING

1) Window air-conditioning system To install one of these units, you need

the space to make a slot in the wall, and there should also be some open space behind the wall.

when the summer heat dies down, these units can be easily removed for storage, and you can use the window sill for other purpose

Split air conditioning system

The split air conditioner comprises of two parts: the outdoor unit and the indoor unit.

The outdoor unit, fitted outside the room, houses components like the compressor, condenser and expansion valve.

The indoor unit comprises the evaporator or cooling coil and the cooling fan. For this unit you don’t have to make any slot in the wall of the room.

Further, the present day split units have aesthetic looks and add to the beauty of the room. The split air conditioner can be used to cool one or two rooms

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