Harris, L. J., UC Davis 6/22/17 ABC Symposium 2017 1 What can the almond industry learn from recent outbreaks of E. coli gastroenteritis in flour and nut butters? LINDA J. HARRIS, PHD SPECIALIST IN COOPERATIVE EXTENSION CHAIR DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS ([email protected]) JUNE 22, 2017 1 Outline § Overview of foodborne illnesses with low moisture foods § Recalls § Outbreaks § What do we know in almonds o Prevalence o Survival during storage o Desiccation tolerance o Thermal tolerance 2
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Harris, L.J.,UCDavis 6/22/17
ABCSymposium2017 1
What can the almond industry learn from recent outbreaks of E. coli gastroenteritis
in flour and nut butters?
LINDA J. HARRIS, PHDSPECIALIST IN COOPERATIVE EXTENSIONCHAIR DEPARTMENT OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, DAVIS
Harris, L. J., M. Palumbo, L. R. Beuchat, and M. D. Danyluk. 2017. Outbreaks of foodborne illness associated with the consumption of tree nuts, peanuts, and sesame seeds [Table and references]. In Outbreaks from tree nuts, peanuts, and sesame seeds. Available at: http://ucfoodsafety.ucdavis.edu/Nuts_and_Nut_Pastes.
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# of Cases
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What do we know?
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E. coli O157:H7 – survey data
§ California Almonds 2013o 977 samples of 375 go NONE POSITIVEo Unpublished
§ California Inshell Walnuts 2011, 2012, 2013o 3,839 samples of 375 go NONE POSITIVEo Davidson et al., 2015
Davidson, G.R., J. C. Frelka, M. Yang, T. M. Jones, and L. J. Harris. 2015. Prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella on inshell California walnuts. J. Food Prot. 78(8):1547–1553. Available from Harris.
Kimber, M. A., H. Kaur, L. Wang, M. D. Danyluk, and L. J. Harris. 2012. Survival of Salmonella, Escherichia coli O157:H7, and Listeria monocytogeneson inoculated almonds and pistachios stored at –19, 4, and 24°C. J. Food Prot. 75:1394–1403.
Post-inoculation drying and equilibration(3 days at 23°C + 2 days at 45% RH and 25°C)
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Screening: Hot oil (250°F/121°C for 1 min; n = 3); Initial aw: 0.48 ± 0.01
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Reduction of E. coli O157:H7 1380Listeria monocytognes1422 and Salmonella Enteritidis PT30 on almonds: water at 176°FSalmonella survives as well or better
At or belowlimit of detection
Harris, unpublished
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Harris et al., unpublished-6
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0
LogN/N
0
Treatmenttime (min)
Harris, unpublished
Reduction of E. coli O157:H7 1380Listeria monocytognes1422 and Salmonella Enteritidis PT30 on almonds: oil at 250°FSalmonella survives as well or better