Reading Connections Companion WSRA

A Selection of Readings Companion Resource for Reading Connections with Aimee Buckner WSRA 2014

Compiled by Aimee Buckner, 2014 2

Table of Contents “Introduction” by Mrs. Mimi page 1 “Shells” by Cynthia Rylant page 4 “Little Honey Ants” by Joanne Settel page 7 “Fire Ant” by Seymour Simon page 7 Zoobooks: Wild Dogs page 8 “Coyotes” by Seymour Simon page 8 “The Real Gadget Wiz” by Betsy Duffy page 9 “A Rice Sandwich” by Sandra Cisneros page 11 “Shipwrecked!” by TFK Staff page 13 “Solution to China’s Air Pollution Problem” by Philip Ross page 14 “Funky Fruit” by Diane Wedner page 15

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“Living Honey Jars” from Exploding Ants The swollen sacs of nectar that hang from the roof of a honey ant nest are actually alive. They’re the fat bodies of ants that have turned themselves into living honey jars. The ‘honey jars’ are worker ants that store food and are known as repletes. Repletes spend their lives hanging upside down from the roof of their nest waiting to feed or be fed. Their bodies provide sterile, airtight food containers. It is when the colony has lots of extra food that repletes get fed. Each replete receives regurgitated or spit-‐up food from hundreds of ordinary worker ants. The food consists of a golden liquid filled with a predigested mix of termite parts and plant nectar. As they take in more and more food, the repletes swell. Soon their rear ends or abdomens are as large as small grapes. The swollen ants then climb to the roof of the nest and continue to eat. They remain on the roof for months, hanging by their claws, barely able to move. If for some reason a replete falls down, other workers must help it drag its large, balloonlike body back up to the ceiling. When food supplies outside the nest run low, the repletes become the feeders. Hungry nest mates now gather round for food. They touch the repletes’ antennae with their own. The repletes then regurgitate big drops of golden honey. “Fire Ant” from Animals Nobody Loves by Seymour Simon Fire ants look like ordinary ants that you may find in your house or garden. They are called fire ants because their bites and stings are painful and burn like fire. The most dangerous kind are red fire ants. These are small reddish or dark brown ants, only about one-‐quarter-‐inch long. Fire ants have a poison that can paralyze insects, earthworms, and other small animals. Squirrels, chickens, pigs, and even calves have died as a result of being stung. Fire ants nesting around homes, in school yards, and in parks can be dangerous to young children and pets. A fire-‐ant nest is sometimes three feet high and nearly two feet across. More than one hundred thousand fire ants may live in a single mound. Fire ants are found across the southeastern United States and Texas.


From Zoobooks: Wild Dogs Wild dogs are beautiful, intelligent animals that deserve our admiration. But fairy tales sometimes portray wolves as big, bad monsters lurking in the woods and waiting to attack. Coyotes and other wild dogs have gotten a reputation for killing domestic animals such as cattle, sheep, chickens, and even pet dogs and cats. These stories are often exaggerated. Wild dogs are hunters, but they do not kill nearly as many domestic animals as people think. They do kill rats, mice, and other animals that destroy farmer’s crops, so most of their hunting helps humans. People, however, have attacked and killed wild dogs for hundreds of years. Wild dogs have more reason to fear us than we have to fear them. It’s curious that many people who hate wild dogs love domestic dogs. Many of the things people like best about domestic comes from their wild ancestors. Most wild dogs are every bit as intelligent and loyal as domestic dogs. These traits help them to be excellent, devoted parents. Females usually give birth to a litter, or group, of two to ten pups each year. Both parents care for the pups until they are fully grown. Generally, only one or two pups from each litter will survive beyond the first year. These may live to be 12 or 13 years old. In zoos, wild dogs often live more than 20 years. There are many different kinds of wild dogs in the world. The largest is the gray wolf, also known as the timber world. A big male may weigh more than 150 pounds and stand 3 feet at the shoulders. The smallest wild dog in the world is the fennec. this tiny fox from northern Africa may stand only 1 foot high at the shoulders and weigh less than 5 pounds. In between these two extremes in size, there is a wide variety of wild dogs. “Coyote” from Animals Nobody Loves by Seymour Simon When the sun goes down, the coyote leaves its den and begins its serenade. It howls, barks, whines, and yaps. These sounds carry for miles around in the still night air. One lone coyote can sound like a whole pack! The coyote looks like a medium-‐size dog with a bushy tail. There are some reports of coyotes attacking pet dogs and cats and – very rarely – young children. But most coyotes steer clear of people, even though you may hear them singing their songs at night across the Northeast, South, and Midwest as well as in the western states. Many sheep ranchers hunt coyotes because they think coyotes kill a lot of their animals. But coyotes do not kill many sheep. More often, they kill rabbits and mice that eat the grass that sheep need. So the coyote really does more good than h arm to the sheep rancher.


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“Funky Fruit”

Excerpt from “Far-‐Out Foods,” by Diane Wedner NGE, November 2010 FUNKY FRUIT Maybe bugs don’t make your mouth water. Fruit is good, though, right? You might think that until you take a whiff of durian fruit. This fragrant fruit grows in Southeast Asia. To many people, its scent is anything but fruity. Durian is famous for its stink! Durian grows as big as your head. The ripe fruit drops from a tree like a bowling ball. Watch out! It’s covered in spikes. You need a sharp knife and thick gloves to open it. Why bother? If you can get past the smell, many people think durian is yummy. The roasted seeds taste like almonds. Some say the fruit tastes like vanilla. Others say it’s more like a mix of strawberry and garlic. Like insects, durian is plentiful – and good for you. It’s high in fiber. That helps you digest your food. Its carbohydrates give you a real energy boost, too. Your body turns carbohydrates into a kind of sugar called glucose. What’s the best way to serve durian? Try pie, Davis recommends.

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