Reactive Power Management & Control

REACTIVE POWER MANAGEMENT & CONTROL

WHAT IS REACTIVE POWER

• IN AC SYSTEM;• UTILISED FOR DEVELOPING MEGNATIC

FLUX/FIELD IN A COIL; TRANSFORMER/REACTORS/MOTORS ARE THE MAJOR CONSUMER OF REACTIVE POWER

• GENERATED BY WHEN VOLTAGE IS APPLIED ACROSS CAPACITOR; EHV TRANSMISSION LINES/ SYNCRONOUS CONDENSERS ARE THE MAJOR SOURCE OF REACTIVE POWER

REACTIVE POWER GENERATION BY EHV TRANSMISSION LINES

400kV 765kV 1200 kV

(approx.)

ROW (m) 46 64 100

Capacity (MW) Upto 600-700 Upto 2500-3000 Upto 6000-8000

Reactive generation (MVAR/100km)

60 240 600

ACTIVE POWER BALANCING

P1 P2

>

P1 P2

=

P1 P2

<

P1>P2 f>50Hz

P1=P2 f=50Hz

P1<P2 f<50Hz

G

G

G

L

L

L

REACTIVE POWER BALANCING

V1 V2

>

V1 V2

=

V1 V2

<

V1>V2

V1=V2

V1<V2

REACTIVE LOADS

REACTIVE POWER CONTROL DEVICES

• GENERATOR

• SYNCHRONOUS CONDENSERS

• SHUNT CAPACITORS

• SHUNT REACTORS

• SERIES REACTORS

• EHV LINES

SERIES CAPACITORS APPLICATIONS

• TO INCREASE POWER HANDLING CAPACITY OF A TRANSMISSION LINE

• TO IMPROVE THE VOLTAGE OF STATION BUS

• SELF REGULATION OF REACTIVE POWER

• REDUCTION IN T&D LOSSES

SVC APPLICATIONS

• TO ACHIEVE EFFECTIVE VOLTAGE CONTROL• TO BALANCE LOADING OF PHASES• TO INCREASE ACTIVE POWER TRANSFER

CAPABILITY• TO INCREASE TRANSIENT STABILITY MARGINS• TO INCREASE DAMPING OF POWER OSCILLATIONS• TO REDUCE TEMPORARY OVER VOLTAGES• TO DAMP SUBSYNCHRONOUS OSCILLATION• TO PROVIDE REACTIVE POWER TO AC-DC CONVERTERS

SERIES COMPENSATION P

V1------------- -----------------V2

V1xV2

P = Sin §

X

Thank you