MidCon(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of WisconsinMadison Slide 1 UW – Madison Geological and Geotechnical Engineering Geological Engineering Transporta1on Geotechnics Civil & Environmental Engineering Use of Free-Free Resonant Column Testing for Characterizing Infrastructure Materials Andrew Keene, Zhipeng Su, Dante Fratta, and James Tinjum
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Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 1
• BAS, GNB, GRB are unbound base course materials from Senegal Africa
Fine-grained soils
Coarse-grained and stabilized Soils
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 10
Results: Material Comparison
R² = 0.90
R² = 1.00
R² = 0.86
R² = 0.99
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Res
ilien
t Mod
ulus
, MR (M
Pa)
Con
stra
ined
Mod
ulus
, M (M
Pa)
Confining Pressure σ3 (kPa)
σ3 = 35 kPa
TxRCA – M
Class 5 – M
Class 5– MR
TxRCA – MR
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 11
R² = 0.95
R² = 0.99
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
0 200 400 600 800 1,000 1,200 1,400 1,600
Res
ilien
t Mod
ulus
(MPa
)
Confining Pressure σ3 (kPa)
TxRCA
Class 5
Results: Modulus Comparisons
10 kPa
130 kPa
σ3
More Stiff Less Stiff
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 12
Results: Modulus Comparison
SMR = 0.39 ·∙ SMS R² = 0.85
0
100
200
300
400
0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
Res
ilien
t Mod
ulus
, SM
R (M
Pa)
Constrained Modulus, SMS (MPa)
σ3 = representative confining pressure at 35 kPa
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 13
Results: TxRCA – Curing
M = 179· σ30.55
R² = 0.89
M = 41·∙ σ30.83
R² = 0.99
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Con
stra
ined
Mod
ulus
, M (k
Pa)
Confining Pressure, σ3 (kPa)
TxRCA 7Day
TxRCA 1Day
σ3 = confining pressure (kPa); M = constrained modulus (kPa)
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 14
Results: Silt Cement – Curing fn = 1408· σ3
0.051 R² = 0.88
fn = 1076· σ30.048
R² = 0.93
fn = 463· σ30.21
R² = 0.99
0
200
400
600
800
1,000
1,200
1,400
1,600
1,800
2,000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Nat
ural
Fre
qenc
y, f n
(Hz)
Confining Pressure (kPa)
28 Day 7 DAy 1 Day
σ3 = confining pressure; fn = natural frequency (Hz)
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 15
Conclusions
Effects of Confining Pressure • Mr vs. σconf
• M vs. σconf
Mr and VP Fitting Parameters Mr vs. M
SMr vs. SMS
Curing • M vs. σconf RCA re-cementation effects • Natural frequency vs. σconf cement soil
Mid-‐Con(nent Research Forum 2012 September 6 Keene, Su, Fra+a, & Tinjum University of Wisconsin-‐Madison Slide 16
Questions? Acknowledgements
Center for Freight Infrastructure Research and Education (CFIRE)
Minnesota Department of Transportation
Recycled Materials Resource Center (RMRC)
Uretek USA Inc.
Professors: • Tuncer Edil
• Craig Benson
References
Huang, Y.H. (2004). Pavement Analysis and Design – Second Addition. Pearson Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey.
Kalinski, M.E. & Thummaluru, M.S.R. (2005). “A New Free-Free Resonant Column Device for Measurement of Gmax and Dmin at Higher Confining Stresses.” ASTM Geotechnical Testing Journal, Vol. 28, No. 2.
Menq, F. Y. (2003). “Dynamic Properties of Sandy and Gravelly Soils.” PhD thesis, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, 2010.
Moosazedh, J. & Witczak, M. (1981). “Prediction of Subgrade Moduli for Soil that Exhibits Nonlinear Behavior.” Journal of Transportation Research Board, No.810, Washington, D.C., pp. 10-17.
National Cooperative Highway Research Program, NCHRP. (2004). Laboratory Determination of Resilient Modulus for Flexible Pavement Design. Research Results Digest, Transportation Research Board.
Pucci, M. J. (2010). “Development of a Multi-Measurement Confined Free-Free Resonant Column Device and Initial Studies.” MS thesis, Department of Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, University of Texas, Austin, 2010.