Quick Fix Society Quick Fix Society Janet Mendell Goldstein Lesson nine
Quick Fix SocietyQuick Fix Society
Janet Mendell Goldstein
Lesson nine
Part One: Warm-up
Part Two: Background InformationPart Three:
Text Appreciation (Key Points)
Part Four: Language Study (Difficult Points)
Part Five: Resource Extension
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Part onePart one Warm-up Warm-up
I. “Quick Fix Society”
II. Saying about time
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I.I. “Quick Fix Society”?“Quick Fix Society”?
What is the meaning of “fix”?
How do you understand “quick fix”?
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How is “quick fix society” reflected in the following aspects?
I. “Quick Fix Society”?I. “Quick Fix Society”?
transportation and communication
eating habits and consumption habits
entertainment
reading habits, learning habits
working style
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II. II. Sayings about timeTime is money. 时间就是金钱或一寸光阴一寸金Time flies. 光阴似箭,日月如梭Time is a file that wears and makes no noise.光阴如锉,细磨无声Time and tide wait for no man. 岁月不待人Time tries friends as fire tries gold.时间考验朋友,烈火考验黄金Time tries truth. 时间检验真理
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I. Fast Roads in the U.S.
II. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
III. Cliff’s Notes
IV. Civil War
V. Beethoven
VI. USA Today
Part two Part two Background Information Background Information
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I. Fast Roads in the I. Fast Roads in the U.S.U.S.
• Highways: connect cities• Superhighways: a road with six or more lanes• Interstate highways: connect cities in different states• Freeways: roads within a city• Expressways: fast roads in or near cities• Turnpike: pay money before you use it
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II. Pennsylvania Dutch TownII. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
Location
The heart of the Pennsylvania Dutch Country is Lancaster County. It is located in south central Pennsylvania, one and half hours west of Philadelphia. Most of the Amish Country attractions are in Lancaster County, and almost all of the local Amish people live here as well.
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II. Pennsylvania Dutch TownII. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
People Amish The Amish are a religious group who live in settlements in 22 states of the U.S. and Ontario, Canada. The oldest group of Old Order Amish, about 16,000—18,000 people live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Amish stress humility, family and community, and separation from the world.
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II. Pennsylvania Dutch TownII. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
Amish’s lifestyle
• These people as a whole are not as materialistic as modern society today. They do not use electricity or modern conveniences.
• Amish men have beards, but not mustaches.
• Most Amish are trilingual: dialect of German, High German and English.
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II. Pennsylvania Dutch TownII. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
Scenery
Amish oldest meeting house
Hand-made quilts
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II. Pennsylvania Dutch TownII. Pennsylvania Dutch Town
Scenery
Covered bridge
They ride their horse and buggy
and have a slower-paced lifestyle.
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III. Cliff’s NotesIII. Cliff’s Notes
• Cliff’s notes are a series of reference books written to help undergraduate students to understand and appreciate important literary works.
• With such notes, students don’t have to
read the work itself and be able to write
papers and take exams.
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IV. Civil WarIV. Civil War
Civil War was the war from 1861 to 1865 fought between the northern and southern states.
The Civil War battlefield mentioned in paragraph 2 is the battlefield of famous Gettysburg battle in July, 1863. At Gettysburg, Union army defeated Confederate army. This victory is the turning point of the Civil War.
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V. BeethovenV. Beethoven
Lugwig Van Beethoven is one of the greatest composers in the world.
His famous symphonies include:
No. 5 (Fate)
No. 6 (Pastoral)
No. 9 (Choral)
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VI. VI. USA TodayUSA Today
USA Today is one
of the most popular
daily national
newspapers serving
the interest of a
general public in the
United States.
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Part threePart three Text AppreciationText AppreciationI. Text Analysis
1. Theme
2. Structure
3. Detailed Questions
4. Further Discussion
II. Writing Devices 1. Contrast 2. Rhetorical Questions 3. Repetition
III. Sentence Paraphrase
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Let’s slow down
and enjoy what
nature offers us
and what mankind
has left us and
rediscover life.
Theme
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Part 1 (Paras. 1— ):
Part 2 (Paras. ):
Part 3 (Paras. ):
I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Structure
3
4—6
7—8
Her ride on fast roads and her return trip of a country road
Now instead of later
Faster instead of slower
Superficially instead of thoroughly
Slow down and rediscover life
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
The writer took a week’s vacation in West Virginia. When she took the Turnpike to get there, she found the trip fast but very dull. When she came back, she took another way to slow down and enjoy the county life, which she found full of fun.
Question: What made the writer come to think about the lifestyle of American people?
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text AnalysisIn Para. 4
In the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied. They knew that it would take them some time to satisfy their needs. If they were patient enough, they would have more pleasure when they finally got what they wanted.
Once upon a time, Americans understood the principle of deferred gratification.
Question: How do you understand “deferred gratification”?
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
The time we spend with our loved ones is compressed, so our personal relationships is no longer the same as before.
Even our personal relationships have become compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of our days to our loved ones, we replace them with something called “quality time”.
In Para. 6
Question: How can personal relationships be “compressed”? How do you understand “quality time”?
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text AnalysisSymbolically, the American eagle now flies for Express Mail. How dare anyone keep America waiting longer than overnight?
In Para. 5
Eagle is the symbol of the U.S. When it is used as the logo of Express Mail, it has the symbolic meaning that the whole nation desires to be fast. The writer intends to emphasize that the Americans can no longer wait for anything.
Question: What does the writer intend to emphasize, using this rhetorical question?
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
“Quality time” means you give full attention to someone in limited time. It is in contrast with “quantity of time”. In America, people are too busy to spend time with their loved ones, so they believe “quality time” is a solution. But actually, “quality time” means less time.
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Icebergs float with only about 10% of their bulk above the surface of the water, therefore the much larger part is out of sight.
… we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle—paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface.
In Para. 6
Question: How do you understand “iceberg principle”?
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Question: What suggestions did the writer give to the modern people?
The writer suggested that the modern
people should slow down the fast pace,
touching and enjoying every details of life.
Only in this way, can we rediscover life.
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I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Comparison and ContrastQuestion: What is the meaning of “quick fix”?
“Fix” means solution. “Quick fix” in this essay means quick. It refers to the lifestyle of modern people who are impatient to get everything done and want to find the quick solution to everything.
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Why did the writer take the turnpikes and interstates? Did they have any fun on the way?
Why did the writer take another way back? How did she feel this time?
What is the attitude of modern people to do everything? How does it affect our life?
Why did the author write this article? Was she suggesting we stop using all time-saving techniques and products?
I. Text AnalysisI. Text Analysis
Further Discussion
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing DevicesContrast
A contrast paragraph or essay discusses the differences between (at least) two things.
This essay mainly discusses the differences between the lifestyle of modern American people and that of American people in the past.
Examples
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Contrast Find out the words that show the contrast in the first two paragraphs.Fast lane trip
The herd of cows is reduced to a few dots…
Return trip
… the herds of cows—no longer little dots this time
—lying in it.
Pastoral scenery slid by us at 55mph.
We drove slowly through main streets…, slowing
to twenty miles an hour…
… getting there wasn’t any fun at all.
… getting there had been the fun.
More examples
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing DevicesContrast
Find out the words that show the contrast in
Para. 4.Once upon a time
put a little of each paycheck away “for a
rainy day”
Now
take out loans
relax now, pay later
Deferred satisfaction We aren’t so patient.
If we wanted to become thinner, we simply ate less. try the latest miracle diet
Contrast in Para. 4
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing DevicesContrast
Find out the words that show the contrast in
Para. 6.In the past
listened to every note of Beethoven’s Fifth
Symphony
Now
enjoy 26 seconds of that famous theme
linger over every word of a classic novel
read the condensed version
listen to the tape
devote large parts of our days to our loved ones
replace them with “quality time”
Contrast in Para. 6
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Rhetorical Questions
Why is it that the featureless turnpikes and interstates are the routes of choice for so many of us? Why doesn't everybody try slowing down and exploring the countryside? (Para. 3)
A rhetorical question implies that the answer is obvious—the kind of question that does not need actually to be answered. It is used for rhetorically persuading someone of a truth without argument, or to give emphasis to a supposed truth by stating its opposite.
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Rhetorical Questions
How dare anyone keep America waiting longer than overnight? (Para. 5)
Why waste 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the best parts? (Para. 6)
Why are we in such a hurry to save time? (Para. 7)
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Rhetorical Questions
If winter comes, can spring be far behind?
—Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ode to the West Wind
Didn’t I tell you he would forget?
What difference does it make?
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Repetition is a major rhetorical strategy for
producing emphasis, clarity, amplification, or
emotional effect.
Repetition
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Repetition
If we wanted a new sofa or a week at a lakeside cabin, we saved up for it, … If we lived in the right part of the country, we planted corn… If we wanted to be thinner, we simply ate less of our favorite foods and waited patiently for the scale to drop, a pound at a time. (Para. 4)
repetition of sentence structure
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II. Writing DevicesII. Writing Devices
Then we take our fast money to a fast convenience store, … And if our fast meal doesn't agree with us, we hurry to the medicine cabinet for—you guessed it—some fast relief. (Para. 5)
Repetition
repetition of words
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III. Sentence III. Sentence Paraphrase Paraphrase
1. Are you interested in buying second-hand books?
2. He has a strong objection to leaving early.
back to 1
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III. Sentence Paraphrase III. Sentence Paraphrase 1 1
For four hours, our only real amusement
consisted of counting exit signs and wondering
what it would feel like to hold still again. (Para.
1)
The 4-hour drive on fast roads was tedious; the only fun we had was to count the exit signs we were passing and to figure out how we’d feel if we stopped again.
gerund as object of “consist of”
go to 2
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 2III. Sentence Paraphrase 2
Getting there certainly didn’t seem like half the fun; in fact, getting there wasn’t any fun at all. (Para. 1)
We had expected that our ride to West Virginia would be fun, and that half of the fun we’d get from the trip would come from it. But we were wrong. It wasn’t fun at all.
gerund as subject
go to 3
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III. Sentence ParaphraseIII. Sentence Paraphrase
1. It’s so nice sitting here with you.
2. Traveling abroad can be very exciting.
back to 2
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 3III. Sentence Paraphrase 3We toured a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill that fifteen thousand Confederate soldiers had tried to take on another hot July afternoon, one hundred and twenty-five years ago, not knowing that half of them would get killed in the vain attempt. (Para. 2)
We visited a Civil War battlefield and stood on the little hill. One hundred and twenty-five years ago, on a hot July afternoon, 15,000 soldiers fighting for slavery, while trying to occupy the hill, had no idea that they would fail and that half of them would be killed in the battle.
present participle as adverbial
attributive clause modifying “hill”
go to 4
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 4III. Sentence Paraphrase 4We stuffed ourselves with spicy salads and homemade bread in an “all-you-can-eat” farmhouse restaurant, then wandered outside to enjoy the sunshine and the herds of cows—no little dots this time—lying in it. (Para. 2)
to fill with sth. to eat as much as you can
We had a meal in a farmhouse restaurant where for a certain amount of money you could eat as much as you wanted, and we fed ourselves with lots of spicy salads and homemade bread. After the meal, we walked leisurely outdoors to enjoy the sunshine and watch the herds of cows—this time they did not seem like little dots—lying in the sunshine. go to 5
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 5III. Sentence Paraphrase 5And we returned home refreshed, revitalized, and reeducated. (Para. 2)
When we got home, we not only felt fresh and energetic, but also felt that we had experienced a new way of life.
past participles used as subject complement
go to 6
More examples
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III. Sentence ParaphraseIII. Sentence Paraphrase
1. The fire is reported controlled.
2. He was seen angered at the delay.
3. She was heard singing all the time. (present participle used as subject complement)
4. The young man was considered to have great promise. (infinitive used as subject complement)
back to 5
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 6III. Sentence Paraphrase 6In fact, most Americans are constantly in a hurry—and not just to get from Point A to Point B. Our country has become a nation in search of the quick fix—in more ways than one. (Para. 3)
quick solution
In fact, most Americans are always in a rush. People are not only trying to find the fast way to get around from place to place, but also looking for ways of getting things done quickly in various aspects of life.
to try to find
go to 7
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 7III. Sentence Paraphrase 7
Once upon a time, Americans understood the
principle of deferred gratification. We put a little
of each paycheck away “for a rainy day”. (Para.
4)
for a future time when money may be needed
In the past, Americans were patient to have their desires satisfied. We saved a little money each time we got paid in case we might need it in the future.
satisfaction
go to 8
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 8III. Sentence Paraphrase 8If we wanted a new sofa or a week at a lakeside cabin, we saved up for it, and the banks helped us out by providing special Christmas Club and Vacation Club accounts. (Para. 4)
If we wanted to buy some new furniture or spend a week at a lakeside, we could open special accounts at the banks to save money for it.
go to 9
a savings account, as in a bank, requiring periodic deposits to ensure money for
shopping at Christmas圣诞储蓄
度假储蓄
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 9III. Sentence Paraphrase 9And if we are in a hurry to lose weight, we try the latest miracle diet, guaranteed to take away ten pounds in ten days… unless we’re rich enough to afford liposuction. (Para. 4)
If we want to lose weight quickly, we try the most recent miracle diet which is said to be effective and is sure to make us lose a pound per day. If we are rich enough to pay for the operation, we can have our unneeded fat removed from our bodies.
past participle used as attributive modifying “miracle diet”
go to 10
More examples
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III. Sentence ParaphraseIII. Sentence Paraphrase
1. The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the Chinese delegation.
2. Some of them, born and brought up in rural villages, had never seen a train.
back to 9
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 10III. Sentence Paraphrase 10We like our information fast, too: messages flashed on a computer screen, documents faxed from your telephone to mine, current events in 90-second bursts on Eyewitness News, history reduced to “Bicentennial Minutes”. (Para. 5)For information, we also want to get it fast by skimming through what is offered on the web. Documents are faxed to one person from another. We are informed of what is happening at home and abroad through TV programs through which we get very brief accounts of current events.
go to 11
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 11III. Sentence Paraphrase 11Even our personal relationships have become
compressed. Instead of devoting large parts of
our days to our loved ones, we replace them with
something called “quality time”, which, more
often than not, is no time at all. (Para. 6)
Even our personal relationships are affected. Instead of spending much of our time with our loved ones, we now talk about giving them full attention in the limited time after work. But usually we have no time to do that at all.
go to 12
the time you spend with somebody when you can give them full attention
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 12III. Sentence Paraphrase 12As we rush from book to music to news item to relationship, we do not realize that we are living our lives by the iceberg principle—paying attention only to the top and ignoring the 8/9 that lies just below the surface. (Para. 6)
When we rush through books, music, news and relationship, we are paying attention to the surface and will never get into the heart of anything.
go to 13
Icebergs float with only about 10% of their bulk above the surface of the water, therefore the much
larger part is out of sight.
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III. Sentence Paraphrase 13III. Sentence Paraphrase 13When did it all begin, this urge to do it now, to get it over with, to skim the surface of life? (Para. 7)
When did this quick-fix lifestyle/attitude toward life begin?
go to 14
to deal with something superficially, not going deeper
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III. Sentence III. Sentence Paraphrase 14Paraphrase 14
But I am saying that all of us need to think more seriously about putting the brakes on our “we-want-it-all-and-we-want-it-nor” lifestyle before we speed completely out of control. (Para. 8)
But what I do want to say is this: before we go too far, all of us need to think seriously about changing our lifestyle of seeking a quick fix in our lives.
to slow down or stop doing something
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I. Word Study
II. Phrases and Expressions
III. Word Building
IV. Grammar
Part fourPart four Language StudyLanguage Study
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Word list:
1. advocate
2. antique
3. compress
4. condense
5. defer
6. deposit
7. guarantee
8. outlet
9. refresh
10. revitalize
11. scale
12. skim
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
2. antique
Examples:
It is an antique rosewood desk.
The palace is full of priceless antiques.
adj. being old and therefore valuable
n. an old object such as a piece of furniture
or jewellery that is valuable because it is
rare, beautiful, or well made
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study1. advocate
v. to publicly support an idea or a plan
n. someone who strongly and publicly
supports someone or something
Examples:
He advocates building more schools.
There is no point advocating high salaries for teachers unless we can do it.
He is a tireless advocate of political reform.
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study3. compress
v. a. to press or squeeze something so that it fits into a smaller space b. to write something in fewer words c. to make a process last for a shorter time than usual
Examples:The machine compresses old cars into blocks of scrap metal.Try to compress your notes so that they are easier to learn.You’d better compress two months’ work into one.
Cf. condense contract
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study 4. condense
v. a. to cause (a gas or vapor) to change to a liquid
b. to remove water from (milk, for example)
c. to make a piece of writing shorter by removing some parts
Examples:
Steam condensed on the bathroom mirror.
condensed milk ( 炼乳 )
condensed story ( 缩写本 )
Cf. compresscontract
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compress, condense, contract
I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Fill in the blanks with
the right word.contracts
compress
condensed
The pupil of the eye dilates and _________ in
response to light.
She sat on the lid of the suitcase to ________
the clothes.
The chairman __________ all the suggestions
put forward into a single plan of action.
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Examples:
Let’s defer the decision for a few weeks.
I will defer to Mr. Walter on this point.
5. defer
Cf. postponedelay
v. to delay something until a later date
(formal) to agree to accept someone’s
opinion or decision because you have
respect for that person
defer to sb./sth.
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defer, postpone, delay
I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Fill in the blanks with
the right word.
deferreddelayed
postpone
I _______ paying the bills.
The bus was _______ by a cloudburst.We would like to ________ your appointment until Saturday.
Defer implies an intentional delaying.
Postpone implies an intentional deferring, commonly until a definite time.
Delay causes to be behind schedule.
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study6. deposit
n. a. a first payment that you make when you agree to buy something expensive such as a car or house
b. an amount of money you pay when
you rent something that is returned to
you when you stop renting itc. an amount of money that you pay
into a bank account
d. a layer of metal that has formed in
soil or rock
Examples
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Examples:
We put down a deposit on a house last
week.
You will have to pay one month’s rent in
advance, plus a deposit of $500.
I’d like to make a deposit, please.
Rich mineral deposits have been
discovered in the area.
付定金; 押金,抵押金;
存款; 矿床
Translation
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
7. guarantee
v. a. to promise sth. will happen
b. to make sth. certain
n. a. an agreement that if sth. you buy does
not work, it will be repaired or replaced
b. a formal and firm promise that sth. will
be done or will happen
Examples
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Examples:
The government guaranteed to free the
captives.
The rain guarantees a good crop this year.
The new television had a guarantee with it.
Is there a guarantee of work after training?
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study8. outlet
n. a. a shop or a place where a particular product is sold
b. a way of expressing strong feelings
that you would normally not express
Examples:
Most of their sales are through traditional
retail outlets.
He plays basketball as an outlet for
stress.
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study9. refresh
refresh one’s memoryto make someone remember somethingrefresh someone’s drinkto add more of an alcoholic drink to someone’s glass
Examples:A shower will refresh you.I looked at the map to refresh my memory of the route.Can I refresh your drink?
adj. refreshedadj. refreshingn. refreshment
Word formation
v. to make someone feel less tired or less hot
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
10. revitalize
v. to put new strength or power into sth.
Example:
They hope to revitalize the
neighborhood by providing better
housing.
n. revival v. revivev. vitalize
n. vitalization
Word formation
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
large scale
evolutionary scale
the bathroom scales
the scale on a thermometer
Richter scale
a scale of 1∶250
scales of fish
11. scale
大规模进化等级浴室磅秤温度计上的刻度里氏震级1∶250 的比例尺鱼鳞
Translation
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
12. skim
v. a. to remove floating fat or solids from the surface of a liquid
b. to read something quickly to find the
main facts or ideas in itc. to move along quickly, nearly
touching a surface
Examples
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I. Word StudyI. Word Study
Examples:
After simmering the meat and
vegetables skim the fat off from the
surface.
Just skim through the second section
to save time.
The swallows were skimming over the
water.
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List:
1. agree with sb.
2. as many
3. can’t wait to do sth.
4. get sth. over with
5. help out
6. linger over/on
7. more often than not
8. off the rack
9. put away
10. put brakes on
11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth.
12. save up
13. stuff with
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
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Examples:
Stop taking the medicine if it doesn’t agree with you.
I find that country life really agrees with me.
1. agree with sb.
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
If something agrees with you, it doesn’t make you feel ill.
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Example:
Those coolies were great. I could eat as many again.
2. as many
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
the same number as another particular number
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Example:
I can’t wait to go to school then: I will be a big kid, and I’ll make friends andlearn so much at school.
3. can’t wait to do sth. = can hardly wait to do sth.
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
to be very excited about something or keen to do it
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5. help out
救助,协助(渡过难关)
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
Chineseto help somebody in a difficult situation
Examples:
Who is helping out in the garden this afternoon?
I’ve often helped Bob out when he has been a bit short of money.
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6. linger over/on
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
to stay somewhere a little longer, especially because you do not want to leave
Examples:
They lingered over coffee and missed the last bus.
She let her eyes linger on him.
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把 ······ 做完了事
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
4. get sth. over with
Chineseto do and finish something difficult that you have to do
Examples:
I’ll speak first if you like—I’d rather get it over with quickly.
He looked upon the marriage ceremony as a mere formality—something to be got over with as quickly as possible.
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Examples:
Nancy comes over on Saturday more often than not.
More often than not, the argument could have been avoided.
7. more often than not = as often as not
“ often” phrases
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
on most occasions
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sometimes, but not frequently
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
all too often
used for saying that something makes you sad or upset because it happens more often than you think it should
She still phones me every so often.
All too often, parents leave their children home alone.
every so often
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8. off the rack
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
off-the-rack (AmE)/ off-the-peg (BrE)
ready made
on the rack
in a difficult situation that you cannot deal with
It was only a cheap suit, bought off the rack/off the peg.
The interviewer’s questions put the President on the rack.
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9. put away
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
Chinese
存钱;收拾;抛弃;吃掉
Examples:
My grandfather had put away over
$100,000.
Put away all your books on the desk.
The guest might come any time.
Please put all negative thoughts away.
The boy put away the dinner in just a
few minutes.
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10. put brakes on
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
Chinese
使停顿
put a brake on/ put the brakes on sth.
to stop sth. that is happening
Examples:
The high level of debt continued to put a brake on economic recovery.
The town government put the brakes on all these projects by giving them less money.
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11. save sb. the trouble of doing sth.
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
to make somebody able to avoid extra effort or work
Example:
Fast-food restaurants are popular because they save people the trouble of cooking.
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12. save up
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
to keep or store something so that you can use it in the future
Examples:
They are saving up for a new car.
She spent all the money I have saved up for our trip.
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13. stuff with
II. Phrases and ExpressionsII. Phrases and Expressions
a. to fill sb. with food until one is not hungry
b. to fill a container or space with sth.,
especially sth. soft
Examples:
They stuff the children with food.
The bed was stuffed with cotton so it was very soft.
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III. Word BuildingIII. Word Building
List:
1. Prefix—super-
2. Prefix—pre-
3. Root—centenary
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III. Word BuildingIII. Word Building
supermarket (para. 5) supermarket (para. 5)
prefix
root
super-: more, larger, greater, or more powerful than usual
superego
superficial
superhero
supernatural
superstructure
superstore
supertanker
超我肤浅的超级英雄超自然的上层建筑大型商场巨型油轮
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pre-: a. before someone or sth.
b. in preparation
precedent
preface
premature
precaution
preconception
precondition
preview
先例,前例前言早熟的预防措施预想前提,先决条件(电影等)预演,预映
pre-digest (para. 6)pre-digest (para. 6)
prefix
root
III. Word BuildingIII. Word Building
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centennial (AmE)/centenary (BrE):
adj. 一百周年纪念的n. 一百周年纪念
centenarybicentenarytercentenaryquatercentenaryquincentenary
一百周年纪念二百周年纪念三百周年纪念四百周年纪念五百周年纪念
bicentennial (para. 5)bicentennial (para. 5)
prefix
root
III. Word BuildingIII. Word Building
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IV. GrammarIV. Grammar
GerundGerund
Definition: Gerund is used as a noun, but like a
verb it can take an object.
Example:
For four hours, our only real amusement
consisted of counting exit signs and
wondering what it would feel like to hold
still again.
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Now it’s no use your saying anything, Mother—I’ve made up my mind.
Gerund as subject
GerundGerund
IV. GrammarIV. Grammar
… all we are good at is saving time… not spending time.
Gerund as predicative
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Why doesn’t everybody try slowing down and exploring the countryside?
Gerund Gerund
IV. GrammarIV. Grammar
Gerund as object
The scene is set in the comfortable, well furnished living room of an American upper-class family, the Kents.
Gerund as attributive modifier
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After all, why waste 45 minutes listening to the whole thing when someone else has saved us the trouble of picking out the best parts?
Gerund as apposition to
“trouble”
Gerund Gerund
IV. GrammarIV. Grammar
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Part five Part five Resource Resource ExtensionExtension
I. Quiz
II. Writing
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II. QuizII. Quiz
List
1. Quiz 1
2. Quiz 2
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II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
1. Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever
he breaks traffic regulations.
a. having been fined
b. to have been fined
c. to be fined d. being fined
2. My wife said in her letter that she would
appreciate ____ from you sometime.
a. to have heard b. to hear
c. for hearing d. hearing
d d
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3. They are considering ____ before the prices
go up.
a. of buying the house
b. with buying the house
c. buying the house
d. to buy the house
4. If I had remembered ____ the door, the things
would not have been stolen.
a. to lock b. locking
c. to have locked d. having locked
c a
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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5. It is difficult to get used ____ in a tent after
having a soft, comfortable bed to lie on.
a. sleep b. to sleeping
c. slept d. to sleep
6. “Why were you so late for work today?”
“____ to the office was very slow this
morning because of the traffic.”
a. Driving b. I drove
c. To drive d. That I drove
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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7. Before ____ the house, you should get a
surveyor ____ over it.
a. buying, looking
b. having bought, to look
c. buying, to have looked
d. buying, to look
8. We suggested ____ in hotels but the children
were anxious ____ out.
a. sleeping, to camp b. sleeping, camping
c. to sleep, to camp d. to sleep, camping
d a
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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a c
9. We will______ a discussion of the program
until more members are present.
a. defer b. postpone
c. delay d. put off
10. The ship _____down into the water.
a. glided b. slipped
c. slid d. skim
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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11. It ______ rain when you want to go out.
a. guarantees b. guaranteed
c. is guaranteed to d. is guaranteed
12. They ____ vast quantities of cakes between
them.
a. put away b. put on
c. put aside d. put across
c a
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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b a
13. The liquor did not _______ me.
a. agree on b. agree with
c. agree to d. agree
14. The poor woman is ________ begging.
a. reduced to b. forced to
c. reduced of d. made to
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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a a
15. Because of the unexpected changes, they
postponed ____ us an answer.
a. giving b. have given
c. to give d. to have given
16. Every camera we sell comes with a two-year
____.
a. guarantee b. safety
c. confirmation d. conservation
II. Quiz 1II. Quiz 1
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1. A cool drink ________ me after my long walk. (fresh)
2. That is the flat and rather __________ plains in the south. (feature)
3. Your approval gives me much __________. (gratify)
4. It will require a __________ effort to get the job done on time. ( 超人的 )
5. In the job market, you can expect the interview to be a structured event—each candidate will be asked the same ____________ questions. ( 事先确定的 )
II. Quiz 2II. Quiz 2refreshed
featureless
gratification
superhuman
predetermined
Fill in the blanks with the proper form of
the given words.
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III. WritingIII. Writing
Do you think people in China
have more or less adopted this
quick fix lifestyle?