Chapter 8 Quantitative Texture Analysis of Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics D. Chateigner 1 , J. Ricote 2 8.1 Introduction A large number of physical properties in most crystals are anisotropic. This is even more important in polar materials, like ferroelectrics, where the polarization determines their behaviour. In polycrystals, researchers have developed techniques to grow crystals along preferential orientations and take advantage of the highest values of the anisotropic properties. The preparation of ferroelectric materials with preferential crystallographic orientations, or textures, is useful in obtaining ferro- electric materials with improved properties for a variety of technological applica- tions, like Non-Volatile Ferroelectric Random Access Memories (FeRAMs) [1, 2], where we use the polarization vector for the 0 and 1 bits, or MicroElectroMe- chanical Systems (MEMS) [3], where the highest piezoelectric coefficients are associated to specific crystallographic directions. Strong textures along polar axis directions perpendicular to the film surface have been sought in ferroelectric thin films as it improves the final response. But sometimes other orientations are also interesting. For example, in lead titanate-based compositions, while orientations along the <001> polar axis are preferred for pyroelectric applications, <111>- oriented films are more desirable for memory applications, because it provides high remnant polarization and abrupt switching behaviour [4]. Preparation routes have been optimized to obtain highly oriented ferroelectric films [5, 6, 7]. As a consequence of all this, interest on texturing of ferroelectric polycrystalline mate- 1 Laboratoire de CRIstallographie et Science de MATériaux CRISMAT-ENSICAEN, Institut Universitaire de Technologie (IUT), Université de Caen Basse Normandie, 6 Boulevard du Ma- réchal Juin, F-14050 Caen, France. Phone: +33(0)231452611 FAX: +33(0)231951600 [email protected] 2 Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, C/ Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblan- co, E-28049 Madrid, Spain [email protected]
Quantitative Texture Analysis of Polycrystalline Ferroelectrics
Jun 27, 2023
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