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Quantitative Design ToolsDecision Matrices in Engineering Design of Innovative Technology
10 May 2010
ir Urjan Jacobs
Biotechnology and Society - TNW & Philosophy - TPM
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………Score
…0.03 m/s0.4 m/s0.1 m/sCriterion C
…351Criterion B
…0-++Criterion A
WeightOption 3Option 2Option 1
May 20, 2010 2
Contents
Quantitative Design Tools
• Innovative conceptual design• Case study & matrix methods• Methodological problems• Examples of issues• A way forwards
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Innovative technology
Engineering design of a system with a new concept
Nanotechnology
Biotechnology
Chemical technology
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The conceptual design phase
Problem definition
Concept generation
Evaluation & selection
Detailed design
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Case studiesConceptual Process/Product Design
10-12 working weeks
MSc students
PDEng trainees
(bio)chemicalengineering
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Case studiesResearch methods
Observations of design team
Following meetings
Analysing design documents
Semi-structured interview
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Quantitative design tools
Decision matrix methods
Quality function deployment
Pair-wise comparison charts
Analytic Hierarchy Process
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Note: Multi-attribute value theory (MAVT) and multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) have a very different starting point.
Decision matrix
Selection grid
Decision grid
Solution matrix
Matrix methodsMulti-criteria decision analysis
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Arrowian impossibility theorem
Considering a finite number of evaluation criteria and at least three alternative design concepts, no method can simultaneously satisfy:
• Global rationality• Unrestricted scope• Independence of irrelevant concepts• Weak pareto principle• Non-dominance
K.J. Arrow, Journal of Political Economy 58, 1950, 328-346A. Hylland, Econometrica 48, 1980, 539-542
Social choice theory
Voting theory
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Source of the issues
Commensurability of criteria• Measurability
(scale of measurement)
• Comparability(relation between measures)
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Measurability
S.S. Stevens, Science 103, 1946, 677-680
Miles scale Positive similaritiesRatio
Celsius scale Positive linearInterval
Mohs scaleMonotonic increasing Ordinal
LabelsOne to oneNominal
ExampleAdmissible TransformationScale Type
Unknown to Engineers
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Comparability
Trade-off relation between measures
• Value comparability
• Technical comparability
SafetyProduction volume
Sustainability
Revenues
Reliability
Reactor temperature
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Other issues
Uncertainty• Setting up of full set criteria.• Independent criteria.• Assigning performance ratings.
Design concepts not at same level of abstraction
Weights dependant on concept performance
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wmPerformancemn…Performancem2Performancem1Criterion m