March 2015 Volume 55 Number 2 Visiting Society in March No Guest Society This Month Patron Governor of Queensland His Excellency the Honourable Paul de Jersey AC, President Mr. Albert Gibbard [email protected]07 3269 1631 Secretary Mrs. Maree Illingworth [email protected]07 3800 3213 Treasurer Mr. Nick Woolley [email protected]07 3201 6414 Editor Mr. Kev Horsey [email protected]07 3281 9203 Judges for Q.O.S. General Meeting on 9th March 2015 Gary Yong Gee. Les Lobley. Mick Billiau. Ken Webster. Linda Rapkins. Barry Kable. Judging Starts 7.45 Next Committee Meeting at 10 am 16th March, 2015 Reg & Maree Illingworth’s Home at 51 Lionheart St Forestdale Next General Meeting at 8pm on 9th March, 2015 Venue: Red Hill Community Sports Centre 22 Fulcher Road, Red Hill, QLD 4059 March Meeting Information No Guest Speaker this Month This is the Annual General Meeting The Queensland Orchid Society Inc. founded on Wednesday, 24 th January 1934 Members who contribute to this Bulletin endeavor to assure the reliability of its contents. Any cultural advice provided is a guide only and may not suit individual growers. It is the responsibility of the individual to validate such advice before applying suggested methods. The Society welcomes potential members to come to the general meetings as our guests, and advises those wishing to join us, that subscription fees (in Australian Dollars) are $20 for a single, $25 for a family from 1st January $10 for a single, $12.50 for a family from 1st July Other Orchid Societies interested in affiliating with us are advised that Society Affiliation is $30 Payable on the 1st January each year. PO Box 126 Browns Plains BC QLD 4118 Australia Affiliated Societies, Judging Roster for March John Oxley O.S. 2nd Wednesday @ 7.30pm Brent Nicoll. Reg Illingworth. Maree Illingworth. Logan & District 3rd Tuesday @ 7.45pm Gary Yong Gee. John Roberts. Arthur Cornell. Mick Billiau Beaudesert O & F.S . 3rd Wednesday @ 7.30pm Diane Walker. Mick Billiau. Les Burow. Brisbane O.S. 4th Monday @ 7.45pm Helen Edwards. Les Vickers. Reg Illingworth. Eastern District O.S 4th Thursday @ 8.00pm Eric Locke. Nick Woolley. Les Vickers. QOS official website www.qos.org.au
11
Embed
QOS official website €¦ · Deception Glow 1 Horsey K & M 3 Rly. Maili's Surprise 'Aisaka' Horsey K & M JUDGES’ CHOICE - SPECIES 1 Haberaria myriotricha Yong Gee G 2 Aerangis
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
March 2015 Volume 55 Number 2
Visiting Society in March
No Guest Society This Month
Patron Governor of Queensland His Excellency the Honourable Paul de Jersey AC,
I hereby nominate.................................................... for the position of...................................................... Proposed By............................................................. Seconded By............................................................
PLANT NAME: C. Lumita x Rlc. Deception Spots ( Rlc. Deception Glow )
OWNER’S NAME: K & M Horsey
JUDGE’S COMMENT: A Very Attractive plant and very well grown
would like to know the parents of this plant
OWNERS COMMENTS This was a seedling won at meeting raffle August 2014 it was repotted next
day in spag this the first flower .
Housing : Growing in a shade house with 70% shade cloth .on a weld mesh bench about 70cm high. On
the middle bench with the plant facing east north east.
Watering : In Summer once a week but in extreme heat 2 times a week with misting under benches
twice a day.
Feeding Program : I use Aqua K Every second week N P K 14 - 4.6 - 23.2
Potting Medium : Growing in Spag and Perlite with gravel on top to stop spag going green & keep in
Moisture.
Other Cultural Comments : Be careful not to let spag become to dry but be careful not to over water.
Kev Horsey
5
JUDGES’ CHOICE - HYBRID
1 Paph. Psyche Tierney M
2 Rlc. Deception Glow Horsey K & M
3 Rly. Maili's Surprise 'Aisaka' Horsey K & M
JUDGES’ CHOICE - SPECIES 1 Haberaria myriotricha Yong Gee G
2 Aerangis punctata Vickers L
3 C. labiata Yong Gee G
CATTLEYA EXHIBITION OVER 90mm: 1 Rlc. Beverly Blietz * Filia A
2 Rlc. Spring Dawn 'Top Row' Horsey K & M
3 Rlc. Arabesque 'Sultan' Horsey K & M
CATTLEYA EXHIBITION UP TO 90mm 1 Rly. Maili's Surprise 'Aisaka' Horsey K & M
2 Rlc. Fantasy Maker Filia A
CATTLEYA NON-EXHIBITION 1 Rlc. Deception Glow Horsey K & M
2 C. Caudace 'Southern Cross' x
C. Roy Finley 'Burdekin' Kable B & A
3 C. Dendi's Double Vickers L
PAPHIOPEDILUM OTHER 1 Paph. Psyche Tierney M
2 Paph. Wonder Boy Tierney M
3 Paph. Edna Ratcliffe Tierney M
VANDACEOUS 1 Van Ladda Gold * Baxter & Marsden L
2 V. Suk Sumuran Beauty 'Birthday' . Westphal M
ANY OTHER GENERA: 1 Phrag. Green Hornet Rooks J & D
AUSTRALIAN NATIVE HYBRID: 1 Sarco. Bonanza Tierney M
SPECIES SYMPODIAL 1 Habenaria myriotricha Yong Gee G
2 C. labiata Yong Gee G 3 Isochillus linearis Kable B & A
SPECIES OTHER 1 Aerangis punctata Vickers L
2 Trichoglottis smithii Yong Gee G
3 Angraecum eichlerianum Vickers L
Orchids with an ‘* asterix’ after the name
indicates the plant has been registered.
Please change your name tag.
SHOWS FOR March 2015
Beaudesert Dist, O.&F.S. 14/15 th March, Canungra School of Arts Hall. 3/7 Pine St Canungra
Childers& Isis Dist, O.S. 21/22 th March, Isis Cultural Centre, Churchill St Childers
Tweed District O.S. 19/21 st March, Jessie McMillan Hall, Wollumbin St Murwillumbah
West Brisbane O.S. 28/29 th March, Auditorium Botanic Gardens Mount Coot-tha
6
Photography by Reg Illingworth
Judges Choice Hybrid Judges Choice Species
Plant :- Haberaria myriotricha Grower :- Yong Gee G
Plant :- Paph. Psyche
Grower :- Tierney M
Any Other Genera
Plant :- Phrag. Green Hornet Grower :- Rooks J & D
Cattleya Up to 90mm
Plant :- Rly.Maili's Surprise ‘Aisaka'
Grower :- Horsey K & M
Species Other
Plant:- Aerangis punctata
Grower:- Vickers L
Cattleya Non Exhibition
Plant:- Rlc. Deception Glow
Paphiopedilum Other
Plant :- Paph. Psyche
Grower:- Tierney M
Species Sympodial
Plant :- Habenaria myriotricha
Grower :- Yong Gee G
Vandacious
Plant:- Van Ladda Gold
Grower :- Baxter & Marsden L
Cattleya Over 90 mm
Plant :- Rlc. Beverly Blietz *
Grower :- Filia A
Australian Native Hybrid
Plant :-.Sarco. Bonanza
Grower :- Tierney M
Photo
Not Available
7
The Orchid Snail as a Pest of Orchids in Hawaii
Robert G. Hollingsworth1 and Kelvin T. Sewake
2 1U.S. Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, USDA
2Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, CTAHR
With a little practice and knowledge of pest man
agement, orchids can be grown generally free of serious pests. But in recent years there has been an up surge in
problems caused by a root-feeding pest called the orchid snail or bush snail, Zonitoides arboreus (Say).
Description Adult orchid snails are yellow-brown and about an
eighth of an inch in diameter. The body of the snail is
dark gray ish-blue. They damage plants by feeding on
the thick, corky roots that grow from the base of the
plant (Fig. 1). Ordi narily these roots grow down into
the media, holding the plant firmly within the pot. How-
ever, plants infested with snails become unstable. They
cannot be sold until the pests have been controlled and
the roots have re-grown. It only takes two or three adult
snails in the medium of a 4-inch pot to cause serious
root damage. Figure 1. Two orchid snails near a new root emerg-
ing from the base of an orchid plant. The hollowed-
out root (arrow) was damaged by snails.
Photo by Scott Bauer, USDA Agricultural Research Service.
Pest status In a 1999 survey of commercial orchid growers in Ha-
waii, 44% of the 64 respondents reported this snail spe-
cies as a pest in their greenhouses, costing them an aver-
age of $503 per year in control costs and $5,708 in lost
sales during the previous 12 months (unpublished sur-
vey data). Growers reported damage on nine different
types of orchids, par ticularly in the genera Oncidium,
Dendrobium, Cattleya, Phalaenopsis, and Vanda. Or-
chids in the Oncidium alli ance were mentioned most
frequently as being susceptible to attack (42% of the
instances reported). The disparity between the amount
of money these growers spent to con trol the pest and
the value of lost sales indicates the insidi ous nature of
the damage. In many cases, by the time the grower dis-
covers the problem, serious damage has already oc-
curred. It is not clear why problems with orchid snails are
in creasing, because this snail species is not new to Ha
waii. According to Dr. Robert Cowie of the Bishop Mu-
seum, the orchid snail has been present in Hawaii since
at least 1928. In its native range (North America and
Central America), this snail is commonly found under
the loose,
Figure 2.An orchid snail and eggs on a piece of coir
Published by the College of Tropical Agriculture and Human Resources (CTAHR) and issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and
June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Andrew G. Hashimoto, Director/Dean, Cooperative Extension Service/CTAHR, University
of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822. An Equal Opportunity / Affirmative Action Institution providing programs and services to the people of Hawaii with-
out regard to race, sex, age, religion, color, national origin, ancestry, disability, marital status, arrest and court record, sexual orientation, or veteran status.
CTAHR publications can be found on the Web site <http://www2.ctahr.hawaii.edu> or ordered by calling 808-956-7046 or sending e-mail to ctahr-
moist bark of decaying trees, or in decaying wood or
veg etable matter. Pest interception records kept by
quarantine inspectors indicate that potted orchids are the
most com mon commercial host for this snail. Orchid
snails have also been reported as a pest of sugarcane
roots in Louisiana. The recent increase in snail damage in Hawaii may
be related to the rapid growth of the commercial potted
orchid industry since 1990. Most potted orchid growers
use bark or coir media, which provide a moist environ-
ment condu cive to snail growth. Previously in Hawaii
most orchid grow ers were cut-flower producers and
used cinder or basaltic rock as the growing medium.
Some growers have suspected that purchased bark or
coir media may be the source of their snail problem.
However, we were unable to recover any snails from
several types of bark and coir media that we purchased
and tested for the presence of snails. Further, we discov-
ered that fresh snail eggs allowed to dry for a week will
not hatch, even when re-wetted. In addition to the damage they cause, snails are a
con cern because shipments of potted orchids may be
rejected if snails are found by plant quarantine inspec-
tors. Although the orchid snail is widely distributed on
the mainland United States and in other parts of the
world, this would not nec essarily prevent quarantine
inspectors on the mainland from taking quarantine ac-
tion if snails were found.
Biology In laboratory and greenhouse studies, we have discov-
ered that orchid snails develop slowly, despite their
small size. A snail completes its life cycle in about three
months. Adults lay small white eggs (about 1⁄25 inch in
diameter) in clutches within the pots of orchid plants
(Fig. 2). These hatch in about two weeks. No one has
measured how long these snails live outdoors or under
greenhouse conditions. In the laboratory, orchid snails
have lived more than 16 months. Their shells contain
calcium, and laboratory-reared snails fed lettuce or cab-
bage grow faster when given supplemen tal calcium in
the form of crushed oyster shell.
Control In general, this snail species is difficult to control with
chemicals, and the best method of control is preven-
tion— sanitation and exclusion. Snails usually come
into the greenhouse with infested plant material and
then spread to other plants. Growers should keep snail-
separate benches from plants known to be clean
(such as those from flasks). The supports of green-
house benches should be treated to prevent the
spread of snails by attach ing copper bands or ap
plying molluscicides. Re-potting plants into clean
media after bare-rooting them is a time consuming
but effective method of reducing the pest prob lem
in extreme cases. Commercial pesticides registered for slug and
snail control in Hawaii include formulations contain-
ing metaldehyde, iron phosphate (Sluggo®), and me-thiocarb (Mesurol®). Although some growers have recommended dust applications of diatomaceous
earth, these proved in effective in our tests. We did not do any greenhouse tests using iron phosphate pellets, but in the laboratory they did not attract or
have an effect on snails. Orchid snails are susceptible to products contain-
ing metaldehyde and methiocarb. Regardless of the
product used, a single application is unlikely to kill
all of the snails. The key is to use repeated applica-
tions at regular intervals (every three to four weeks)
until all the snails have been killed. Products con-
taining metaldehyde may be more ef fective if wa
tering is withheld for a while after treatment. This is
because metaldehyde products cause slugs and snails
to secrete excess mucus, causing their dehydration
and death. Growers must decide for themselves what
period of time water can safely be withheld without
risking injury to the plants. The effectiveness of pesticide applications can
be de termined by removing and searching the
planting medium from a number of orchid plants that
were known to be in fested previously. Place the
collected shells in a clean jar with a few drops of
water or with a piece of moist paper towel. Living
snails will readily emerge from the shell and begin
moving about. In our studies, the three products that
were most effective against orchid snails were Slug-
fest®, a liquid concentrate containing 25% metalde-
hyde, Durham® 7.5% metaldehyde granules, and
Mesurol®, a wettable pow der containing 75% me
thiocarb. Surprisingly, none of the metaldehyde-
containing baits we tested actually attracted snails.
Those that had some effect did so because snails ac-
cidentally contacted the baits. Growers are cautioned
that baits containing metaldehyde products are very
attractive and highly toxic to dogs, and Mesurol is a
potent nerve poison and thus is classified as a re-
stricted-use pesticide.
Disclaimer: Mention of a trade or product name does not imply approval or recommendation of the product to the exclusion of others that may also
be suitable. The description of a pesticide use is not intended as a substitute for restrictions, precautions, and directions given on the product label.
Users of pesticides are responsible for making sure that the intended use is included on the product label and that all label directions are followed.
Neither the University of Hawaii, the United States Department of Agriculture, nor the authors shall be liable for any damages resulting from the use
of or reliance on the information contained here, or from any omissions to this publication.