B BU CHNH VIN THNG
QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT
QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT
CNG HO X HI CH NGHA VIT NAMQCVN 9:2010/BTTTTQUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA
V TIP T CHO CC TRM VIN THNG
National technical regulation
on earthing of telecommunication stations
H NI - 2010MC LC
51. QUY NH CHUNG
51.1. Phm vi iu chnh
51.2. i tng p dng
51.3. Gii thch t ng
82. QUY NH K THUT
82.1. Quy nh v tip t cho h thng thit b vin thng
82.1.1. Yu cu chung
82.1.2. Tip t cho h thng thit b vin thng
82.1.3. Tip t cho h thng thng tin v tuyn
92.1.4. Tip t cho thit b truyn dn quang
92.2. Quy nh v tip t cho nh trm vin thng
92.2.1. Yu cu chung
102.2.2. Lin kt v tip t bn trong nh trm vin thng
102.2.3. Mng lin kt chung i vi nh trm mi hon ton
122.2.4. Mng lin kt chung i vi nh trm c sn
122.2.5. Mng lin kt mt li (M-BN)
132.2.6. Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M- IBN)
142.2.7. Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S- IBN)
182.2.8. Yu cu i vi tm tip t chnh
182.2.9. Yu cu k thut ca cp dn t
182.3. Quy nh v lin kt ng th cc h thng tip t c lp
182.3.1. Yu cu chung
192.3.2. Thc hin lin kt cc h thng tip t c lp
192.4. Quy nh v tip t in lc trong nh trm vin thng
192.4.1. Yu cu chung
202.4.2. Yu cu v u ni ngun cung cp cho nh trm
223. QUY NH V QUN L
224. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN
225. T CHC THC HIN
23PH LC A (Quy nh) Phng php o in tr tip t
Li ni uQCVN 9:2010/BTTTT c xy dng trn c s sot xt, chuyn i Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-141: 1999 (sot xt ln 1) "Tip t cho cc cng trnh vin thng Yu cu k thut" ban hnh theo Quyt nh s 571/1999/Q-TCB ngy 23 thng 8 nm 1999 ca Tng cc trng Tng cc Bu in (nay l B Thng tin v Truyn thng).
Cc quy nh k thut v phng php xc nh ca QCVN 9: 2010/BTTTT ph hp vi Khuyn ngh K.27 ca Lin minh Vin thng Th gii (ITU-T) v tiu chun ETS 300 253 ca Vin Tiu chun Vin thng chu u (ETSI).QCVN 9:2010/BTTTT do Vin Khoa hc K thut Bu in bin son, V Khoa hc v Cng ngh trnh duyt v c ban hnh km theo Thng t s 18/2010/TT-BTTTT ngy 30 thng 07 nm 2010 ca B trng B Thng tin v Truyn thng.
QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA V TIP T CHO CC TRM VIN THNGNational technical regulation on earthing of telecommunication stations1. QUY NH CHUNG1.1. Phm vi iu chnhQuy chun k thut quc gia ny quy nh cc yu cu v tip t cho cc trm vin thng cha cc thit b vin thng: thit b chuyn mch, thit b truyn dn hu tuyn, thit b truyn dn pht sng v tuyn in (pht thanh, truyn hnh), thit b vi ba ng di trong nc, trm gc thng tin di ng mt t cng cng (BTS).1.2. i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng i vi cc doanh nghip thit lp c s h tng mng vin thng v cc c quan, t chc, c nhn c hot ng lin quan n thit lp mng vin thng ti Vit Nam.1.3. Gii thch t ng1.3.1. Cp dn t (ground conductor)Cp ni t t tip t n tm tip t chnh.1.3.2. Cng trnh vin thng (telecommunication plant)Cng trnh xy dng, bao gm h tng k thut vin thng th ng (nh, trm, ct, cng, b) v thit b mng c lp t vo .
1.3.3. im ni n (Single Point Connection) (SPC)
V tr duy nht trong mt mng lin kt cch ly m thc hin ni vi mng lin kt chung. im ni n phi c kch thc thch hp bo m ni cc ng dn.
1.3.4. in tr sut ca t (soil resistivity)in tr ca mt khi t hnh lp phng c th tch 1 m3 khi dng in chy t mt ny sang mt i din ca khi t.
1.3.5. in tr tip t (earthing resistance)in tr i vi dng in truyn lan t cc in cc tip t, k c dy ni cc in cc.
1.3.6. H thng thit b vin thng (telecommunication system)Mt hoc nhiu thit b mng t trong nh trm vin thng cung cp dch v vin thng, bao gm c thit b, h thng cng ngh thng tin trong mng li vin thng ca doanh nghip.
1.3.7. H thng thng tin v tuyn (radio communication system)H thng thng tin dng phng tin truyn dn l sng v tuyn in.
1.3.8. H thng tip t (grounding system)Bao gm t tip t v cp dn t.
1.3.9. Khi h thng (system block)Ton b cc thit b m khung ca chng v cc phn dn kt hp to thnh mt mng lin kt nht nh.
1.3.10. Lin kt ng th (equipotential bonding)S lin kt v in t cc thnh phn kim loi khng c cch in trong nh trm vi nhng thnh phn kim loi t ngoi dn vo mt in th cn bng n nh.
1.3.11. Mng lin kt (Bonding Network) (BN)
Mt tp hp cc phn t dn in c ni vi nhau nhm che chn nh hng in t cho cc h thng thit b in t v con ngi.
1.3.12. Mng lin kt chung (Common Bonding Network)Mt tp hp cc phn t kim loi lin kt vi nhau mt cch ngu nhin hoc c ch nh to thnh mt mng lin kt chnh bn trong nh trm vin thng.
1.3.13. Mng lin kt cch ly (Isolated Bonding Network) (IBN)
L mng lin kt c mt im ni n n mng lin kt chung hoc mt mng lin kt cch ly khc. Tt c cc mng lin kt cch ly u c 1 ng ni ti t qua im ni n.
1.3.14. Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (Mesh- Isolated Bonding Network) (M- IBN)
Mng lin kt cch ly m trong cc thnh phn ca n c ni vi nhau to thnh mt cu trc dng mt li.
1.3.15. Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (Star- Isolated Bonding Network) (S- IBN)
Mng lin kt cch ly m trong cc thnh phn ca n c ni vi nhau to thnh mt cu trc dng hnh sao.
1.3.16. Mng lin kt mt li (Mesh Bonding Network) (MBN)
Mng lin kt m tt c cc khung thit b, cc gi , cc cabin, dy dng ca ngun mt chiu c u ni vi mng lin kt chung (CBN) ti nhiu im.
1.3.17. Mng IT (Insulation Terrestrial)Mng in h p c im trung tnh cch ly vi t cn v thit b in c ni vi tip t bo v c lp.
1.3.18. Mng TN (Terrestrial Neutral)L mng in h p c im trung tnh trc tip ni t1.3.19. Mng TN C (Terrestrial Neutral Combined)L mng TN c dy bo v v dy trung tnh (PEN) chung. Cc b phn dn in b h (v ca thit b in) c ni vi dy ca ca mng tip t bo v (PEN).
1.3.20. Mng TN - S (Terrestrial Neutral Separated)L mng TN c dy bo v v dy trung tnh ring bit. Cc b phn dn in b h (v ca thit b in) c ni vi dy tip t bo v (PE). Dy bo v (PE) c th l v kim loi ca cp in lc hoc 1 dy dn ring.
1.3.21. Mng TN-C-S (Terrestrial Neutral Combined and Separated)L mng TN trong c phn u ca mng c dy bo v v dy trung tinhc chung cn phn sau ca mng c dy bo v v dy trung tnh ring bit.
1.3.22. Mng TT (Terrestriated Terrestrial)Mng in h p c trung tnh trc tip ni t cn v thit b in c ni vi tip t bo v c lp.
1.3.23. Mng tip t (Grouding Network) (GN)
Mt h thng tip t hoc lin kt nhiu h thng tip t.1.3.24. Ngun mt chiu ng v cch ly (Isolated d.c return) (d.c - I)L h thng ngun 1 chiu trong dy dn v c mt im ni duy nht vi mng lin kt.
1.3.25. Ngun mt chiu ng v chung (Common d.c return) (d.c C)L h thng ngun mt chiu trong dy dn v c ni vi mng lin kt ti nhiu im.1.3.26. Nh trm vin thng (telecom building)
L nh trong t h thng thit b vin thng.1.3.27. Sng v tuyn in (Radio Wave) (RW)
Sng in t truyn trong khng gian c quy nh c tn s nh hn 3000 GHz.
1.3.28. Tm tip t chnh (Main Earthing Terminal) (MET)Mt tm ng m Niken c khoan l, bt vo bn baklit v bt cht vo tng u ni cc ng dn bo v, cc ng dn kt ni ng th v cc ng dn t chc nng vi mng tip t.1.3.29. Tip t cng tc (telecom earth)Tip t cc b phn thit b thuc mch in cng tc thc hin chc nng l in th chun ca mch in.
1.3.30. Tip t bo v (protetive earth)Tip t cc b phn khng thuc mch in cng tc nhm gim nh in p nguy him cho thit b c bo v n cc gi tr cho php. Tip t bo v c ni vi cc b phn kim loi ca ca thit b in (, v thit b), ni vi cc thit b bo v trong nh trm.
1.3.31. Tip t chng st (lightning earth)Tip t cc b phn bo v, cc dy thu li... hoc cc kt cu kim loi ca nh trm v ct cao.
1.3.32. T tip t (ground group)Mt hay nhiu in cc tip t c lin kt in vi nhau v c chn trc tip trong t hoc tip xc vi t.
1.3.33. Trm vin thng (telecommunication station)Mt khu vc bao gm mt hoc nhiu nh trm trong cha cc thit b vin thng, ct cao ng ten v cc loi trang thit b ph tr cung cp dch v vin thng. Trm vin thng khng bao gm nh v cc thit b nh thu bao.1.3.34. Vng kt ni (ring bonding bus)ng dn kt ni c dng vng khp kn.
2. QUY NH K THUT2.1. Quy nh v tip t cho h thng thit b vin thng2.1.1. Yu cu chunga) H thng thit b vin thng, thng tin v tuyn, thit b truyn dn quang, tuyn cp quang, tuyn cp kim loi v cc b phn bo v, cc kt cu kim loi ca nh trm v ct cao phi c tip t cng tc, tip t bo v v tip t chng st.b) Khi xy dng h thng tip t, c th thc hin cc t tip t chc nng ring, bao gm:
- T tip t cng tc;
- T tip t bo v;
- T tip t chng st.
Cc t tip t ny sau phi c u ni lin kt ng th.2.1.2. Tip t cho h thng thit b vin thnga) Tip t cng tc:- Tip t cng tc cho h thng thit b vin thng c ni vi:
+ cc dng ca ngun in cung cp;
+ im ni t ca cc thit b bo v trong nh trm;
+ khung gi kim loi ca thit b trong nh trm.
- Gi tr in tr tip t cng tc ca h thng thit b vin thng tun th tiu chun ca nh sn xut thit b.
b) Tip t bo v:- Tip t bo v cho h thng thit b vin thng c ni vi:
+ v ca thit b in; + v kim loi cp nhp trm; + cc kt cu kim loi ca nh trm, + im tip t ca cc thit b bo v pha ngoi nh trm.
- Gi tr in tr tip t bo v cho h thng thit b vin thng khng ln hn 10 (.
c) Tip t chng st:Gi tr in tr mt chiu ca tip t chng st cho h thng thit b vin thng khng ln hn 10 (.2.1.3. Tip t cho h thng thng tin v tuyn
a) Tip t cng tc:- Tip t cng tc cho h thng thng tin v tuyn c ni vi:
+ cc dng ca ngun cung cp in mt chiu;
+ ng ten, khp kn mch i vi tn hiu thu pht v tuyn;
+ im ni t ca thit b bo v cp ng trc (cp phi , ng ten);
+ khung gi thit b v tuyn.
- Gi tr in tr tip t cng tc ca h thng thng tin v tuyn tun th tiu chun ca nh sn xut thit b.
b) Tip t bo v
- Tip t bo v cho h thng thng tin v tuyn phi c ni ti khung gi my ca thit b in.
- Gi tr in tr tip t bo v ph thuc vo cng sut thit b in v khng c ln hn tr s quy nh trong Bng 1.
Bng 1 - Tr s in tr tip t bo v cho cc h thng thng tin v tuyn
Cng sut thit b in, kW 50> 50
in tr tip t bo v, (410
c) Tip t chng st
- Ct ng ten v thit b ng ten phi phi c ni vi h thng tip t.
- Cc im tip t bn ngoi nh trm phi ni trc tip xung h thng tip t.
- Cc thp ng ten bng kim loi dng thn thp lm dy dn st phi thc hin hn ni lin tc v in cc on ct.- Gi tr in tr mt chiu ca tip t chng st khng c ln hn 10 (.2.1.4. Tip t cho thit b truyn dn quang
a) Tip t cho thit b u cui
- Thit b u cui t cng nh vi h thng thit b chuyn mch c dng chung h thng tip t ca h thng thit b chuyn mch.
- Thit b u cui c lp t c lp phi c trang b mt h thng tip t dng chung cho hai chc nng: tip t cng tc v tip t bo v. H thng tip t ny phi c gi tr in tr tip t tun th tiu chun ca nh sn xut thit b nhng khng ln hn 10 (.b) Tip t cho thit b trung gian
- i vi cc thit b trung gian c cung cp ngun ti ch hoc cung cp ngun t xa bng phng php dy - dy, phi trang b mt h thng tip t dng chung cho hai chc nng tip t cng tc v tip t bo v vi in tr tip t tun th tiu chun ca nh sn xut thit b nhng khng ln hn 10 (.
- i vi cc thit b trung gian c cung cp ngun t xa bng phng thc dy - t, phi trang b mt h thng tip t dng chung cho hai chc nng tip t cng tc v tip t bo v vi gi tr in tr tip t tun th tiu chun ca nh sn xut thit b nhng khng ln hn 4 (.
2.2. Quy nh v tip t cho nh trm vin thng2.2.1. Yu cu chunga) Mng tip t cho nh trm vin thng phi l mt h thng tip t duy nht, hoc lin kt ng th cc h thng tip t c lp c chc nng khc nhau.b) H thng tip t duy nht c s dng khi khong cch gia nh trm vin thng v ct ng ten nh hn hoc bng 15 m.c) Lin kt ng th cc h thng tip t c lp c chc nng khc nhau c s dng trong nhng trng hp sau:
- Ct ng ten cch nh trm mt khong ln hn 15 m;
- H thng tip t chng st ca nh trm c xy dng (thc hin theo hng mc xy dng).
d) Gi tr in tr tip t ca mng tip t cho nh trm vin thng phi nh hn gi tr in tr tip t cng tc nh nht ca thit b trong nh trm vin thng.2.2.2. Lin kt v tip t bn trong nh trm vin thnga) Mng tip t ca mt nh trm vin thng phi c thc hin theo cu hnh sau:
- Phi xy dng mt mng lin kt chung (CBN) theo nguyn tc dn in lin tc nh mt lng Faraday.
- Mng lin kt chung phi c ni ti h thng tip t duy nht ca nh trm vin thng bng cch thng qua tm tip t chnh v cc dy lin kt.b) Cc khi h thng thit b trong nh trm vin thng phi thc hin ni t bng cc mng lin kt (BN). C ba dng mng lin kt:
- Mng lin kt mt li (M-BN);
- Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M-IBN);
- Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S-IBN);
Vic s dng mng lin kt c quy nh nh sau:
- Mng lin kt mt li (M-BN) c th p dng vi hu ht cc h thng thit b, khi thit b khng c yu cu c bit v hn ch dng r t mng CBN chy vo khi h thng thit b v thit b dng ngun mt chiu d.c-C.
- Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M-IBN) c p dng khi c yu cu c bit v hn ch dng r t mng CBN chy vo khi h thng thit b v thit b dng ngun mt chiu d.c-C.
- Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S-IBN) c p dng khi c yu cu c bit v hn ch dng r t mng CBN chy vo khi h thng thit b v thit b dng ngun mt chiu d.c-I.
2.2.3. Mng lin kt chung i vi nh trm mi hon tonMng lin kt chung phi m bo c dng nh mt lng Faraday c tnh dn in lin tc bao quanh ton b nh trm vin thng nh s Hnh 1.
a) Xy dng ng dn kt ni:
- Ti mi tng ca nh trm vin thng xy dng mt vng kt ni khp kn quanh sn nh hoc xung quanh tng nh. i vi tng 1 c th thc hin di nn nh su 0,5 m n 0,7 m. Vng kt ni c thc hin bng cp ng hoc nhng di ng hay bng thp m km c tit din ti thiu 50 mm2;
- Thc hin lin kt cc vng kt ni ca mi tng bng cc dy lin kt thng ng, khong cch gia cc dy thng ng khng ln hn 5 m. Dy lin kt thng ng l thanh ng hoc thp m c tit din ti thiu 50 mm2;
- Xy dng tm li trn ton b nn nh trm su t 0,5 m n 0,7 m bng thp trn hoc dt m km c tit din khng nh hn 14 mm2, vi kch thc mt li 300 mm x 300 mm hoc 500 mm x 500 mm (phi thc hin hn tt c cc im giao nhau ca li);
- Thc hin hn ni tm li vi vng kt ni xung quanh sn nh hoc xung quanh tng.
b) Thc hin lin kt khung b tng ct thp ca kt cu nh trm.
- Trong trng hp s dng khung b tng ct thp lm dy dn st th phi thc hin hn ton b khung b tng ct thp ca kt cu nh trm ti cc im ni v giao nhau.c) Thc hin u ni ng dn kt ni vi cc thnh phn kim loi trong nh trm nh:
- tt c cc dy dn st ca nh trm;- ton b khung b tng ct thp ca kt cu nh trm;
- khung gi cp nhp trm;
- cc ng dn nc, cc ng dn cp bng kim loi.
2.2.4. Mng lin kt chung i vi nh trm c sn
i vi nh trm c sn, phi thc hin mng lin kt chung ti thiu nh quy nh di y.a) Xy dng ng dn kt ni:
- Ti mi tng ca nh trm vin thng xy dng mt vng kt ni khp kn xung quanh tng nh. Vng kt ni c thc hin bng cp ng bc ch hoc nhng di ng c tit din ti thiu 50 mm2, hoc thp m km c tit din ti thiu 100 mm2.
- Thc hin lin kt cc vng kt ni ca mi tng bng cc dy lin kt thng ng, khong cch gia cc dy thng ng khng ln hn 5 m. Dy lin kt thng ng l thanh ng hoc thp m c tit din ti thiu 50 mm2;
b) Thc hin u ni vng kt ni vi cc thnh phn kim loi trong nh trm nh:
- tt c cc dy dn st ca nh trm;
- tng phn khung b tng ct thp, vi mt s dm b tng c th thm nhp c;
- khung gi cp nhp trm;
- cc ng dn nc, cc ng dn cp bng kim loi.
c) Xy dng vng ring tip t xung quanh nh trm vin thng:- Ti thiu c mt vng dy kim loi chn ngm di t bao quanh nh trm c b sung cc in cc tip t v ni vi t tip t cng tc.2.2.5. Mng lin kt mt li (M-BN)
Mng lin kt mt li (M- BN) c xy dng theo nhng yu cu sau:
a) Xy dng tm m mt li.
- Xy dng mt tm m mt li c kch thc ln cha ng c cc thit b v gi cp nm trong khi h thng M-BN v c t di sn thit b.
- Tm m c lm bng dy (di) ng trn hoc bng dy (di) thp m km c tit din ln hn 14 mm2 hn thnh li.
Kch thc mt li nm trong phm vi:
20 cm x 20 cm;
30 cm x 30 cm;
40 cm x 40 cm;
50 cm x 50 cm.
b) Thc hin ni (hn) tm m mt li vi mng CBN ti nhiu im (cng nhiu im ni vi mng CBN cng tt) bng dy ng trn hoc thp m km c tit din ln hn 14 mm2.
c) Thc hin ni phn dn ca khi h thng thit b vin thng vi tm m mt li.
- Thit b vin thng vi nhng mch in t c cung cp chung mt lp bc kim loi to ra mt bng in th chun ph khp trn b mt cc bng mch in. Tt c cc mt bng in th chun c ni vi nhau ng thi c ni vi khung gi thit b hoc vi v kim loi ca h thng cp ln cn (nm trong khi M-BN) bng nhng dy ng c tit din ln hn 14 mm2.
- Thc hin ni cc v, khung gi thit b, v kim loi cp vi tm m mt li bng dy (di) ng theo ng ngn nht. Tit din ca dy ni c quy nh trong Bng 5.Bng 5 - Quy nh tit din ca dy ni cc thnh phn kim loi ca cp v h thng thit b vi tm m mt liTTTn dy niTit din
ti thiu, mm2
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10Dy ni v kim loi ca cp thu bao (chn)
Dy ni v kim loi ca cp thu bao (treo)
Dy ni thit b bo v thu bao trn gi phi tuyn MDF
Dy ni thit b bo v ngun ACDy ni ngun c quy
Dy ni phn kim loi khung gi b nn
Dy ni phn khung gi b i in
Dy ni cc phn kim loi khung gi tng i
Dy ni cc thnh phn kim loi khung gi phi tuyn
Dy ni cc gi cp14
14
14
3514
14
14
14
14
14
2.2.6. Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M- IBN)
Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M- IBN) c xy dng theo nhng yu cu sau:
a) Xy dng tm m mt li cch ly hon ton vi CBN xung quanh. Tm m c kch thc ln cha ng c cc thit b v cc gi cp nm trong khi h thng M-IBN.
- Tm li m c lm bng dy (di) ng hoc bng nhng dy (di) st m km c tit din phi ln hn 14 mm2;
- Cc mt li phi hn vi nhau.
- Kch thc mt li cng nh cng tt, nm trong phm vi:
30 cm x 30 cm; 40 cm x 40 cm; 50 cm x 50 cm.
b) Thc hin ni khung gi cp, khung gi thit b vi tm m mt li.
Cc khung gi cp, cc khung v gi ca thit b nm trong khi h thng M-IBN phi c ni vi tm m mt li ti nhiu im bng dy ni c kch thc nh trong Bng 5.c) Thc hin u ni mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M-IBN) vi mng lin kt chung (CBN).
- Thc hin u ni mng M-IBN vi mng CBN phi c thc hin trong phm vi im ni n (SPC);
- im ni n (SPC) phi t vng ln cn ca khi h thng M-IBN. im ni n l dy ng dc theo cnh ca tm m mt li c kch thc 2000 mm x 20 mm x 2 mm. Dy ng c hn vi cnh tm m mt li.
- Thc hin ni cc ng kt ni ca mng CBN ti SPC bng dy ng c tit din ln hn 14 mm2.
2.2.7. Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S- IBN)
Mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S- IBN) c xy dng theo nhng yu cu sau:
a) Thc hin lin kt cc thnh phn kim loi ca khi h thng S-IBN.
- Cc gi cp trong khi h thng S-IBN c ni vi nhau v ni vi CBN ti thanh dn ni n (SPCB) bng dy ni c tit din ln hn 14 mm2 (bng cp nhiu si c v bc);- Cc cabin, khung gi thit b trong khi h thng S-IBN cch ly hon ton vi CBN; chng c ni vi nhau v ni vi CBN ti thanh dn ni n bng dy ni c tit din ln hn 14 mm2 (bng cp nhiu si c v bc).
b) Thc hin u ni mng lin kt cch ly hnh sao (S-IBN) vi mng lin kt chung (CBN) ti thanh dn ni n (SPCB).
- Thanh dn ni n l mt thanh ng c kch thc trong phm vi sau: Chiu di khng ln hn 2000 mm, chiu rng t 50 n 100 mm; b dy khng nh hn 3 mm v c gn cht vo mt v tr thch hp chiu di ca dy lin kt l nh nht.
c) Khi thc hin lin kt mng S-IBN phi thc hin kim tra bo dng thng xuyn m bo s cch ly tuyt i.
Hnh 2 - Mng lin kt mt li (M-BN) trong nh trm vin thng
Hnh 3 - Mng lin kt cch ly mt li (M-BN) trong nh trm vin thng
2.2.8. Yu cu i vi tm tip t chnh
Mi nh trm vin thng c trang b mt tm tip t chnh. Tm tip t chnh phi bo m nhng yu cu sau:
a) t gn ngun cung cp xoay chiu v cc ng vo ca cp vin thng (cng gn cng tt).
b) Ni trc tip ti cc b phn sau:
- T tip t ca nh trm vin thng qua cp dn t;
- ng dn bo v;
- V kim loi ca tt c cp nhp trm;
- Mng CBN;
- Cc dng ngun 1 chiu;- Cc my o th h thng.
c) Quy cch, kch thc ca tm tip t chnh.
- Tm tip t chnh phi c lm bng ng m niken.
- Ton b bulng, cu, vng m dng kt cui cp phi bng ng m niken.
2.2.9. Yu cu k thut ca cp dn t
Cp dn t phi tho mn cc yu cu sau:
- Chiu di cp dn t khng ln hn 50 m; Trong trng hp c bit c th cho php tng chiu di cp dn t nhng phi m bo in tr mt chiu ca cp dn t phi nh hn hoc bng 0,01 .
- Tit din ca cp dn t ph thuc vo tng dng in 1 chiu ca cc thit b trong nh trm vin thng, v khng c nh hn 100 mm2.
2.3. Quy nh v lin kt ng th cc h thng tip t c lp2.3.1. Yu cu chunga) Cc h thng tip t c lp c th thc hin cc chc nng tip t khc nhau sau:+ Tip t chng st ring cho ct ng ten;
+ Tip t cng tc v bo v cho thit b vin thng;
+ Tip t chng st cho nh trm.
Cc h thng tip t c lp phi c lin kt v thc hin cn bng in th trong nh trm, gia nh trm v ct ng ten.
b) Tip t cng tc v bo v cho thit b vin thng
Tip t cng tc v bo v cho thit b vin thng c thc hin nh quy nh ti mc 2.2.c) Tip t chng st cho nh trm
Gi tr in tr tip t chng st cho nh trm khng ln hn 10 .d) Tip t chng st cho ct ng ten
H thng tip t chng st cho ct ng ten phi c thi cng v tr bao quanh chn ct v phi c gi tr in tr nh hn gi tr in tr tip t yu cu thp nht ca ct ng ten.
2.3.2. Thc hin lin kt cc h thng tip t c lpCc h thng tip t c chc nng c lp phi c thc hin cn bng in th phn chn di t theo mt trong cc phng php di y.a) Phng php 1:
Lin kt cc h thng tip t c chc nng khc nhau trong mt trm vin thng bng li san bng in th. Li san bng in th l li kim loi chn di t c thc hin theo trnh t sau:
+ Thi cng li san bng in th nn thc hin cng thi im thi cng cc h thng tip t;
+ o t trn din tch mt bng cn thit vi su t 0,5 n 0,7 m;
+ Trn mt bng ( c o t), t dy ng hay dy thp m km c ng knh t 3 mm n 5 mm hoc nhng di ng hay nhng di st c kch thc 15 mm x 1 mm hay 10 mm x 2 mm to thnh hnh li c kch thc 30 cm x 30 cm hoc 50 cm x 50 cm;
+ Phi hn tt c cc mt li to thnh 1 li dn in lin tc;
+ Thc hin lin kt (hn ni) li san bng vi cc h thng tip t ti nhng v tr thch hp (dy dn l ngn nht, khng ln hn 5 m) bng dy ng trn vi tit din ln hn hoc bng 14 mm2;
+ Lp t nn cht.
b) Phng php 2:
Lin kt cc h thng tip t trong mt trm vin thng bng phng php ni trc tip.
Cc h thng tip t c lin kt vi nhau bng cp ng hoc dy ng trn c tit din ln hn hoc bng 50 mm2 chn su di mt t khong t 0,5 n 0,7 m.
Nu l cp ng nhiu si th ng knh mt si khng nh hn 1 mm.
c) Phng php 3:
Lin kt cc h thng tip t trong mt trm vin thng bng cch ni trc tip cc tm tip t vi nhau hoc thc hin ni cp dn t ca cc h thng tip t c lp vi tm tip t chnh ca nh trm.
2.4. Quy nh v tip t in lc trong nh trm vin thng2.4.1. Yu cu chung
- Cc trm h th ring cung cp ngun cho cc thit b trong nh trm vin thng phi c thc hin tip t trung tnh theo ng quy chun k thut, quy nh k thut bt buc p dng v in lc. Khong cch ti thiu gia h thng tip t ny v mng tip t ca trm vin thng l 30 m.- Trng hp khong cch gia t tip t in lc v mng tip t ca nh trm vin thng nh di 30 m th phi thc hin lin kt t tip t in lc vi mng tip t ca nh trm vin thng qua van ng th.- Trong nh trm vin thng h thng ngun xoay chiu phi dng loi mng TN-S. H thng in ba pha phi l h thng nm dy (L1, L2, L3, N, PE), trong : L1, L2, L3 l cc dy pha; N l dy trung tnh; PE l dy dn bo v. Dy dn bo v PE c ni ti tm tip t chnh. Khng c im ni chung dy bo v PE v dy trung tnh N. - My pht in ring ca trm vin thng phi ni t bo v cho khung v my. Gi tr in tr tip t bo v khng ln hn 10 .2.4.2. Yu cu v u ni ngun cung cp cho nh trma) Nu mng phn phi ngun a.c bn ngoi l loi mng TN-S th mch cung cp ngun a.c trong nh trm c u ni nh s Hnh 5.a:
- Dy dn bo v (PE) phi c ni ti tm tip t chnh;
- Dy trung tnh (N) khng c ni ti tm tip t chnh.
b) Nu mng phn phi ngun a.c bn ngoi l loi mng TN-C th mch cung cp ngun a.c trong nh trm c u ni nh s Hnh 5.b.
- Dy dn PEN ch c ni ti tm tip t chnh.
- T tm tip t chnh cung cp mt dy bo v PE.
c) Nu mng phn phi ngun a.c bn ngoi l h thng 4 dy (IT hoc TT) th mch cung cp ngun a.c trong nh trm c u ni nh s Hnh 5.c.
- Dy dn bo v PE c ly t mng tip t thng qua tm tip t chnh
d) Nu mng phn phi ngun a.c bn ngoi l h thng 4 dy (IT hoc TT) v dng bin p cch ly cho nh trm th mch cung cp ngun a.c trong nh trm c u ni nh s Hnh 5.a.a) Mng phn phi ngun bn ngoi l mng TN-S
b) Mng phn phi ngun bn ngoi l loi mng TN-C
c) Mng phn phi ngun bn ngoi l loi mng IT hoc TT
3. QUY NH V QUN LCc trm vin thng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca Quy chun ny phi tun th cc yu cu quy nh ti Quy chun.4. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN4.1. Cc doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng vin thng c trm vin thng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca quy chun ny c trch nhim m bo cc trm vin thng ph hp vi Quy chun trong qu trnh thit k, lp t, vn hnh, bo dng.
4.2. Cc doanh nghip thit lp h tng mng vin thng c trm vin thng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca quy chun ny c trch nhim thc hin cng b hp quy theo cc quy nh, hng dn ca B Thng tin v Truyn thng v chu s kim tra thng xuyn, t xut ca c quan qun l nh nc theo cc quy nh hin hnh.
5. T CHC THC HIN
5.1. Cc Qun l cht lng Cng ngh thng tin v Truyn thng v cc S Thng tin v Truyn thng c trch nhim hng dn v t chc trin khai qun l cc trm vin thng theo Quy chun ny.
5.2. Quy chun ny c p dng thay th Tiu chun ngnh TCN 68-141: 1999 (sot xt ln 1) "Tip t cho cc cng trnh vin thng Yu cu k thut".
5.3. Trong trng hp cc quy nh nu ti Quy chun ny c s thay i, b sung hoc c thay th th thc hin theo quy nh ti vn bn mi.PH LC A
(Quy nh)
PHNG PHP O IN TR TIP T
A.1. iu kin tin hnh o in tr tip t
Phi tin hnh o th, kim tra in tr tip t ca h thng tip t trong cc trng hp sau:
- Sau khi lp t hoc sa cha, bo dng h thng tip t;
- Kim tra o th nh k hoc kim tra t xut khi c s c.
- C thay i, xm phm n thnh phn h thng tip t.
A.2. Phng php o in tr tip t I1 E1 E2 I2
E P C
Hnh A.1 - S o in tr tip tKim tra in tr tip t ca h thng tip t c thc hin bng my o in tr tip t 3 in cc hoc 4 in cc.
S kim tra in tr tip t c trnh by trong Hnh A.1. m bo kt qu o in tr tip t chnh xc: - Tn s pht ca my o khc n x 50 Hz;- Phi b tr cc in cc o th (cc in cc in p v in cc dng in) ngoi vng nh hng ca in cc tip t v phi m bo khong cch t tip t cn o n in cc in p bng 62 % khong cch t tip t cn o n in cc dng in (i vi trng hp b tr cc in cc o theo mt ng thng).Cch b tr cc in cc o th cho trng hp tip t l mt in cc thng ng c trnh by trn Hnh A.2 v cho tip t di dng li hoc nhiu in cc c trnh by trn Hnh A.3.
Hnh A.3 - B tr o in tr tip t ca li tip t hoc ca nhiu in cc tip tA.3. o th nghim thu h thng tip t- Sau khi kt thc vic thi cng h thng tip t phi tin hnh o th nghim thu. o in tr tip t c tin hnh ti tm tip t chnh.
- Phi xy dng b tr cc h ga m ti c cc in cc tip t o th, cc v tr in cc tip t o th phi m bo tho mn nhng quy nh nh trong A.1, A.2.
Cc h ga phi b tr ti nhiu im c th dng cc loi my o in tr tip t khc nhau.
A.4. Kim tra, o th bo dng h thng tip tKim tra o th in tr tip t ca h thng tip t theo nh k hoc t xut cng c thc hin nh i vi trng hp o th nghim thu.
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Hnh 5 - Phng php u ni mng cung cp in xoay chiu cho trm vin thng
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