Psychology 101 Chapter 7 Intelligence

7.1 IntroductionL01 Describe psychometrics

7.2 Defining Intelligence

7.3 Measuring Intelligence

7.4 Influences on Intelligence

7.5 Forming Concepts

7.6 Solving Problems

7.7 Reasoning and Decision Making

7.8 Basics of Language

7.9 Acquiring Language

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Defining IntelligenceL02 Explain and distinguish between Spearman’s two-factor

theory, Gardner’s multiple-intelligence theory, Sternberg’s triarchic theory, and Golemen’s emotional intelligence theory








Definition of Intelligence


Halle Berry Bill Gates Jay Greenberg Alia Sabur

Emotional intelligence Problem solving Musical ability High IQ Score

Two-factor Theory


Charles Spearman broke intelligence down to two basic factors: The g or general mental ability and the s that includes specific areas.

Multiple-intelligence Theory


Howard Gardner proposes the multiple-intelligence theory that says there are at least 9 different skills involved in a person’s intelligence.

Triarchic Theory


Robert Sternberg proposes 3 kinds of reasoning processes that people use to solve problems.

Emotional Intelligence


Some research indicates people rating high in emotional intelligence are more successful in life.

7.1 Introduction


7.3 Measuring IntelligenceL03 Summarize the historical background of measuring intelligenceL04 Describe the IQ formulaL05 Describe the Wechsler Intelligence ScalesL06 Discuss the role of validity and reliability in intelligence testsL07 Discuss the distribution and use of IQ scores







Historical Views – Size Mattered


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Binet’s Ideas


Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon devised the first standardized intelligence test called the Binet-Simon Intelligence Scale.

The Formula


WAIS and WISC


The Bell Curve


7.1 Introduction



7.4 Influences on IntelligenceL08 Discuss the role of nature and nurture in intelligence






Nature or Nurture


7.1 Introduction




7.5 Forming ConceptsL09 Define thinking and conceptL010 Describe how the exemplar model and prototype

theory explain how concepts are formedL011 Describe the functions of concepts





Thinking


Thinking is a mental process used to form concepts or ideas – to solve problems, and to engage in creative activities.

Concept Formation


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7.1 Introduction





7.6 Solving ProblemsL012 Describe problem solving and discuss how algorithms, heuristics,

and artificial intelligence are different ways of thinkingL013 Describe strategies to solve problemsL014 Explain how creativity is a way of thinking and a problem solving strategyL015 Describe the different approaches used to measure creativity




Problem Solving


A computer that was unemotional,

unconcerned, and uncaring beat me

at chess!

Strategies


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Creativity


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7.1 Introduction






7.7 Reasoning and Decision MakingL016 Describe the deductive and inductive reasoning processesL017 Discuss how we make decisions, including the role of emotionsL018 Explain the theory of linguistic relativity



Reasoning


Why is this man standing in the ocean?

Decision Making


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7.1 Introduction







7.8 Basics of LanguageL019 Describe the four rules of languageL020 Discuss how we understand languageL021 Explain Chomsky’s theory of language and differentiate

between the surface structure and deep structure of a sentence


Language Rules



Understanding Language


7.1 Introduction








7.9 Acquiring LanguageL022 Describe the four stages in acquiring languageL023 Discuss the innate and environmental factors involved in acquiring languageL024 Summarize research on the language capabilities of animals

Stages of Acquiring Language



Nature –V– Nurture


Talk to Children



Talk to the Animals


Koko the gorilla was able to communicate using sign

language and had a vocabulary of about 1,000 signs.

Nim the chimpanzee used signs more as tools to obtain things than as

abstract symbols or words.

Psychology 101 Chapter 7 Intelligence

Education