PROJECTILE MOTION Chapter 3, sections 3.1-3.3, 3.5.

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Slide 2 PROJECTILE MOTION Chapter 3, sections 3.1-3.3, 3.5 Slide 3 EXAMPLES OF PROJECTILE MOTION Slide 4 Slide 5 v x : Horizontal Velocity. Once in air, v x does not change since there is no force pushing or pulling horizontally. v y : Vertical Velocity. Once in air, v y changes because of the force of gravity. The projectile accelerates at the rate of 9.8 m/s 2 downward. PROJECTILE MOTION v v vxvx PM simulation Slide 6 A projectile is an object shot through the air upon which the only force acting is gravity (neglecting air resistance). The trajectory (path through space) or a projectile is parabolic. PROJECTILE MOTION Slide 7 Time of flight (for horizontally launched projectile): Time it takes to hit the ground is completely unaffected by the horizontal velocity Slide 8 The horizontal part of a projectile motion problem is a constant velocity problem. The vertical part of a projectile motion problem is a free fall problem. Horizontal and vertical parts of the motion are independent To solve a projectile motion problem, break up the motion into x and y components. Slide 9 Kinematics Equations for uniformly accelerated motion Horizontal (a x =0) Vertical (FREE FALL) Slide 10 Remember To work projectile problems resolve the initial, launch velocity into horizontal and vertical components. VoVo V 0y = V o sin V 0x = V o cos Slide 11 Some Common Projectile Motion Problems v0v0 Horizontal Launch When object is launched horizontally: v 0y = 0 Angle Launch on Level Ground v0v0 When object returns to the same height from which it was launched: y = 0 x, Range Slide 12 Projectile Launched from Any Angle Initial Horizontal velocityInitial Vertical velocity (determines air time) At max height, v y = 0 v fy = -v 0y at landing x max = range y max = height a = constant along y v = constant along x x y v 0y vxvx vxvx vxvx vxvx vxvx vxvx v ty vxvx v0v0 vtvt vfvf PM simulation Slide 13 EXAMPLE A golfer is on the edge of a 12.5 m bluff overlooking the 18 th hole which is located 67.1 m from the base of the bluff. She launches a horizontal shot that lands in the hole on the fly. The gallery erupts in cheers. a) How long was the ball in the air? b) What was the balls initial velocity? c) What was the balls impact velocity (velocity right before landing) 67.1 m 12.5 m x y t = 1.6 s v 0 = 41.9 m/s v f = 44.7 m/s, 20.5 0 below the horizontal Slide 14 EXAMPLE In the circus, a clown is launched from a cannon at 40 m/s, 60 o from the horizontal. Where should the other clowns hold the net so that the projectile clown lands unharmed (at the same level)? t = 7.07 s x = 141 m Slide 15 EXAMPLE A movie stunt driver on a motorcycle speeds horizontally off a 50.0 m high cliff. How fast must the motorcycle leave the cliff top if it is to land on level ground below, 90.0 m from the base of the cliff where the cameras are? What is its final velocity, right before landing? v o = 28.5 m/s 90.0 m 50.0 m v 0 = ? xy Slide 16 EXAMPLE What is its final velocity, right before landing? v f = 42.3 m/s, -47.7 0 from x-axis 90.0 m 50.0 m v f = ? xy Slide 17 EXAMPLE What horizontal firing (muzzle) velocity splashes the cannonball into the pond? 95 m 40 m v0v0 t = 2.86 s v 0 = 33.2 m/s Slide 18 EXAMPLE Where does the ball land? How far has the truck traveled in that time? v = 30 m/s t = 2.0 s x = 60 m v = 10 m/s xy Ball B1 B2 Slide 19 http://zamestnanci.fai.utb.cz/~schauer/PhET- 1.0/simulations/simsa79a.html?sim=Projectile _Motion Slide 20 Projectile Launched from Any Angle Horizontal velocity Vertical velocity Time of flight Range Max height All depend on angle and initial velocity Max at 45 0 When starting and landing heights are the same: Slide 21 Remember To work projectile problems resolve the initial velocity into components. VoVo V o,y = V o sin V o,x = V o cos Slide 22 Slide 23 DO NOW Sketch the following motion graphs for a horizontally launched projectile. t x t vxvx t axax t y t vyvy t ayay Slide 24 DO NOW A fire hose held near the ground shoots water at a speed of 6.6 m/s. At what angle(s) should the nozzle point in order that the water land 2.0 m away? Why are there 2 different angles? = 13.7 0, 76.3 0 Slide 25 EXAMPLE A professional soccer player is 25.8 m from the goal and kicks a hard shot at ground level. The ball hits the cross bar on its way down, 2.44 m above the ground, 1.98 s after being kicked. What was the initial velocity of the ball (find the x- and y- components)? v x = 13.0 m/s v 0y = 11.13 m/s v = 17.1 m/s, 40 o 25.8 m 2.44 m xy Slide 26 EXAMPLE A movie stunt driver on a motorcycle speeds horizontally off a 50.0 m high cliff. How fast must the motorcycle leave the cliff top if it is to land on level ground below, 90.0 m from the base of the cliff where the cameras are? What is its final velocity, right before landing? v o = 28.5 m/s 90.0 m 50.0 m v 0 = ? xy Slide 27 EXAMPLE What is its final velocity, right before landing? v f = 42.3 m/s, -47.7 0 from x-axis 90.0 m 50.0 m v f = ? xy Slide 28 EXAMPLE A player kicks a football from ground level with an initial velocity of 27.0 m/s 30 0 above the horizontal. Assume air resistance is negligible. a)Find the balls hang time b)Find the balls maximum height c)Find the balls range d)Find the impact velocity Player then kicks the ball with the same speed but at a 60 degree angle. Find all the above 30 0 a) t = 4.78 s b) y max = 27.9m c) range=64.5m d) v f =27m/s -60 0 a) t = 2.76 s b) y max = 9.30m c) range=64.5m d) v f =27m/s -30 0 60 0 Slide 29 145 km/h EXAMPLE Agent Tim flying a constant 185 km/hr horizontally in a low flying helicopter, wants to drop a small explosive onto a master criminals automobile, traveling 145 km/hr on a level highway 88.0 m below. At what angle (with the horizontal) should the car be in his sights when the bomb is released? 62.1 o 88.0 m 185 km/h Slide 30 DO NOW Frustrated with the book you are reading, you open the second story classroom window and violently hurl your book out the window with a velocity of 18 m/s at an angle of 35 o above the horizontal. If the launch point is 6 m above the ground, a)how far from the building will the book hit the parking lot? b)What is the final velocity of the book right before it hits the ground? x = 37.9 m v f = 21 m/s, 45.4 0 below the x-axis Slide 31 http://www.nbclearn.com/portal/site/learn/nfl /cuecard/50974/ Projectile motion and parabolas: Football kick, projectile motion Slide 32 Wile E. Coyote Physics Problem The determined Wile E. Coyote is out once more to try to capture the elusive roadrunner. The coyote wears a new pair of Acme power roller skates, which provide a constant horizontal acceleration of 15 m/s^2. The coyote starts off at rest 70m from the edge of a cliff at the instant the roadrunner zips by in the direction of the cliff. A) If the roadrunner moves with constant speed, find the minimum speed the roadrunner must have in order to reach the cliff before the coyote. ____m/s B) If the cliff is 100m above the base of a canyon, find where the coyote lands in the canyon. (Assume that his skates are still in operation when he is in "flight" and that his horizontal component of acceleration remains constant at 15m/s^2. ____m from the base I don't need answers, but I do need help on how to get there.