prof. Uwe Altrock, Universität Kassel, "Metropolitan and regional cooperation – the German experience."

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Uwe AltrockMetropolitan and Regional Cooperation –

the German Experience

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Outline

►Introduction►Metropolitan and regional planning in a “social

market economy”►The roots of current trends►Current trends►Governance innovations►Conclusions

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Introduction

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Challenges of regional development

►Metropolitan growth and coordination►Fair inter-regional balance►Sustainability and land consumption►Organization of regional cooperation

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Regional development in a “social market economy”

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Regional development mechanisms

►Spatial development►National and state infrastructure projects►Regional planning►However: strong municipal autonomy►However: political criticisms

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The roots of current trends

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Major changes in regional development

►Crisis of comprehensive planning►Weakness of regional planning in times of

economic restructuring►IBA Emscher Park as alternative regional

planning approach (1989-1999) fostering vision-based incrementalism

►Metro area cooperation

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IBA Emscher Park

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IBA Emscher Park

►Regional greenways

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IBA Emscher Park

►Identity politics

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IBA Emscher Park

►Identity politics

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IBA Emscher Park

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IBA Emscher Park

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Current trends

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Regional development innovations

►Demonstration projects►Metro area development co-operations►Regional development agencies►Incentive systems for inter-municipal

development coordination

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Metro area development cooperations

►Regional planning►Cross-border integration

and coordination of infrastructure and utilities

►Joint promotion of tourism

►Economic cooperation and clusters

►Network activities

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Metro area development cooperations

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Regional development agencies

“Regionale” Cologne

“Rhine”“City”

“Cultural heritage”

“Green”

“Gardens of technology”

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“Regionale” Cologne

►Case study “Gardens of Technology”

Garbage dump

Chemical plant

Industrial zone chemistry/energy

Water supply competence center

Agricultural research center

Research center for aerospace medicine

Open cast mine

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“Gardens of Technology”

►Landscaping►Educational facilities►Creation of new images►Awareness raising

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:metabolon

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:metabolon

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:metabolon

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:metabolon

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:metabolon

►The backside of the region becoming …■ … an intentionally landscaped area■ … an accessible and embedded place ■ … a complex research center■ … a training and educational center■ … a cluster for environmental technology ■ … a part of an innovative knowledge-based region■ … an unusual recreation center

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The role of intermediate organizations

►Complex strategic networking of stakeholders in the concept stage

►Professional fora on innovation, education etc. during implementation

►Detailed quality monitoring and development►Communication of hidden regional structures ►Regional development agencies as initiators,

think tanks, moderators, enablers, quality control experts

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The role of intermediate organizations

Regional development

agency

State government

Stakeholders Municipalities Special purpose organizations

Project Project Project Project Project Project

Strategic networking Strategic networking

Initiating Qualifying

Funding

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Conclusion: Governance innovations

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Governance innovations

►Starting point■ Horizontal coordination required■ Regional planning weak

►Metro area coordination■ Integrative organizational reform among equal partners

►Regional development incentives■ Experimental settings for service delivery innovations■ Bundling to overcome local budget crises

►Regional development agencies■ Temporary settings for project-related development■ Additional social capital and development expertise■ Quality criteria to be met more easily

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Conclusions

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Conclusions

►Comprehensive regional planning not very successful in development

►Financial incentives by higher tiers of government crucial for regional cooperation

►Innovation often building on flexible and sometimes temporary intermediate organizations

►Vision-based incrementalism promising

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Thank you!