Printed Electronics: from science to applications

Printed electronics: from science to applications

Dr. A. Chiolerio, P.I.

Center for Space Human Robotics

Torino, Italy

A&T 20th Apr 2016

“Quell'artefice o scienziato o cultore di qualunque disciplina, che sarà usato paragonarsi, non con altri cultori di essa, ma con essa medesima, più che sarà eccellente, più basso concetto avrà di se: perché meglio conoscendo le profondità di quella, più inferiore si troverà nel paragone.” G. Leopardi (1798-1837) – Pensieri, LXIV That creator or scientist or student of any discipline , which will be used to compare himself, not with other lovers of it, but with it itself, the more he will be excellent , the lower concept will have of himself: because better knowing the depth of that, the lower he will find himself in the comparison. G. Leopardi (1798-1837) – Pensieri, LXIV

1454 A.D.

DROP ON DEMAND

-Addictive Technique (no further removal steps are needed)#, safe for the substrate (lower substrate damage risk)# -Material is used without any waste (spin-coating losses 95%)#, a large variety of materials may be used

-Piezoelectric heads: high duration in comparison to thermal ones -Cheap compared to silicon technology, no wasted materials, easy to implement -Resolution: depends on the head, substrate and ink.

Adv. Mater. 25:31 (2013) 4210-4244

WHY PRINTING?

Endurance

Sustainability

Low-cost

Easy manufacturing

Flexible substrates

Processing: Inkjet Direct Printing

INK REQUIREMENTS - Printability: adjustable viscosity (low), surface tension and solvent evaporation rate - Easy to prepare and process: nanoparticle fillers, fast polymerization of the matrix - Possibly absence of organic solvents (water-based) - A plus is the absence of post-curing (i.e. thermal). State of the art Metal nanoparticle-based inks: require thermal sintering.

J. Mater. Chem. A 3 (2015) 2407-2413

NANOSCALE RESOLUTION?

Other closely related techniques / hybrid approaches are shown, to achieve high resolution printing.

Adv. Mater. 25:31 (2013) 4210-4244

WHAT CAN BE DONE

-Superstructures obtained by in-situ reactions and self-assembly; - Fully printed TFT based on doped oxides

Small 14 (2015) 1649-1654

Adv. Electron. Mater. In press DOI: 10.1002/aelm.201500086

WHAT CAN BE DONE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H5ohOFtJ3Yg

Au NPs under 300 keV – JEOL

Pb on Si (111) PRL 98 – 156102 (2007)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lm9Zr3z3iWA

WHAT CAN BE DONE

J. Mater. Chem. C 1 (2013) 4052-4069 Au NPs

AG NPS

PrintTAG project (2009-2011)

100

101

102

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

100

101

102

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

1 10 100

100

101

102

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

1 10 500 1 10 100

Log(size)

Coun

ts

8 x

Macromol. Chem. Phys. 211 (2010) 2008 Mat. Sci. Eng. B 177 (2012) 373

PERCOLATION THEORY

Percolation theory: universal model for disordered systems. At criticality, percolation occurs and the system becomes conductive. The critical concentration only depends on the lattice properties.

LATTICE pc s d=2 z=3 0.3116±0.0001 1.30±0.02

d=3 z=6 0.6962±0.0001 0.74±0.03

M. Sahimi, Application of Percolation Theory, Taylor & Francis, London 1994

Macromol. Mat. Eng. 298 (2013) 607 RSC Adv. 3 (2013) 3446

PERCOLATION ENGINEERING

APPLICATIONS

Microelectron. Eng. 88 (2011) 2481 Organic Elec. 15 (2014) 91 Nanoscale Res. Lett. 7 (2012) 502 J. Raman Spectr. 43 (2012) 730

INJECTA

Heaters directly printed on aluminum

Brazing tests sample AV6-TR-6 . Heater samples AV7-RR5-2

Substrates: anodization either 20-25 or 40-45 microns. Insulation: InkA-I201 bar-coated. Print: C-100. Coverlayer (only heaters): SCC3.

I-201 (30.000 cP) with no surface treatment.

I-201 (30.000 cP) surface treated at 230 °C 30 min.

INJECTA

Heaters directly printed on aluminum and kapton®

Sinterization treatment of a heater inkjetted on a kapton® foil .

Uniformity test under thermal camera. Top row: heaters inkjetted on a kapton® foil; bottom row: heaters inkjetted on aluminum plate. Left: front. Right: back face.

STEPS2

Ag heaters printed on flex PCBs

A research project funded by Regione Piemonte Heaters directly printed on polyimide

R2R

Acknowledgements K. Rajan J. Alladin S. Bocchini I. Roppolo M. Laurenti A. Asvarov A. Chiappone K. Bejtka C.F. Pirri - Coordinator of CSHR

M. Sangermano

D. Perrone C. Ricciardi S. Porro D. Conti

P. Pandolfi M. Cotto P. Martino G. Ferraro

Xjet Technology

www.politronica.eu

[email protected]

www.polito.it