PRESENTATION

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DIGITAL GEODETIC DATA, BASIS FOR SUCCESSFUL DISASTER

MANAGEMENT

Sonja Dimova, PhD

Agency for Real Estate Cadastre

May 04-06 2009, Skopje

7th international Workshop on the "Cross-border Disaster eResponse in the eRegion:

Interoperability of Information Systems of the Organizations Involved"

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DISASTER CLASSIFICATION

1.Natural disasters are events caused by uncontrolled acts of natural forces endangering the life and health of the people and animals and cause damage to property, cultural heritage and damage to the environment.

Disasters generated from dynamic processes which occur under the surface (earthquakes, tsunami, volcano, eruptions)

Disasters caused by meteorological and hydro meteorological phenomenon (floods, fires, strong

winds, drought, avalanches…)

2.Technological disasters are: explosions, chemical leakage, contamination, biological disasters - epidemics..

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DISASTER/CRISIS MANAGEMENT

(1)How to define? The disaster management is a discipline in which the involved parties are preparing for the disaster before it happens, during the disaster and the reconstruction after the disaster.

(2)Successful management of the disasters highly depends from the availability , the dissemination and the effective use of the information.

-Mechanism for providing services monitoring, warning and decrease of damages-adequate access to information avoiding overlap

of different levels of users(3)Economic support adequate attention to risk from the

disasters, protection as well as disaster management reducing the human and economic losses

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STAGES OF THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT

PARTICIPANTS: public and private sector, voluntary organizations, municipal organizations

and individual citizens

2. ReadinessModels and simulations

1. Protection planningIdentificationZoning

3. Reaction/solutionEvacuation routes

4. ReconstructionEstimates of damages and sheltering

Pri

or

dis

aste

r

After

disaster

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GEODESY AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

The establishment of safety measures which use advanced geodetic technologies contribute to the protection of the citizen, the land and the property, as well as minimizing the losses.

-Technology for remote detection, meteorological satellites, communication systems and satellite navigation play a significant role in the support of the disaster management, provide accurate and on-time information and communication support.-Geo-positioned information from : satellites, topographic maps, cadastre maps, combined with other relevant data into one information system have the objective to evaluate and decrease the disaster risk, -Monitoring the movement of the earth’s surface by

geodetic surveys (example: damns, artificial accumulations)

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POSITIONING OF GEODETIC DATA IN AN INFORMATION CELL

READINESS

Evaluation of damagesHelp planning

Infrastructure/logistics

Population data

Satellite and/or aero

photo images

Topographic maps/cadastre maps with

Information for potentially

critical zones

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Ortho-photo

DTM

Geodetic points

Borderlines

Hydro graphics

Traffic roads

Use of land. /ownership

Gas network

Water supply network

Electrical network

Critical zones(earthquake)

Population

Critical zones(floods)

Basic cartographic data Theme data

MULTI-PURPOSE USE OF CARTOGRAPHIC DATA

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PROVIDING BASIC INFORMATION DURING PROTECTION PLANNING

Disaster Protection Data collection Planning/

warning

Earthquake Geological maps and Maps for land use

Geodynamic surveys Identification of potential zones,Production of map for the possible disaster

Eruptions Topographic maps(land use)

Measuring of gas emissions Mapping of the lava and the measurements,Production of map for the possible disaster

Land slide Topographic maps(land use)

Measuring rains and surface stability

Mapping of surveyed data and analysis

Floods Topographic maps(land use) andMaps of flooding zones

Measuring: rains, water surfacesand evaporation

Mapping of data and supplementing with zone predictions

Rains/Storms

Topographic maps(land use)

Measuring of rains Supplementing the map with the measurements and the predictions

Droughts Topographic maps(land use)

Measuring of temperature,

Climate models

Supplementing the map with the measurements and vegetation monitoring

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EARLY DETECTION OF FIRESGNSS, satellite/aero images

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Identification of the consequences caused by eruptions/ visualization of earthquakes

Satellite images of a volcano before and after eruption

Anticipation and simulation of earthquakes/monitoring (performing seismic measurements, simulations and plan for prevention)

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Visualization of a flooding zone in function of successful flood management

Basis for visualization - ortophoto map and DTM

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Anticipation method - characteristics

Anticipation of flooding zones in function of the time

SafetyMeasures

Simulated time

perspective

Level of watermark - per zones

SafetyMeasures

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Map for preventive protection Potentially risky zone

Map of zones to be potentially flooded

Map for management of the disaster- the flood

Supplementing with evacuation routes, etc

hill

Evacuation zone

Evacuation routes

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Quality of the geo-positioned information

Data quality:Source - the data source;Positional accuracy - accuracy of X,Y i.e. X,Y,Z

location (geometric)Attribute accuracy – is accuracy in a thematic,

descriptive or numeral value assigned to the event Completeness – is the assessment of the level of data

completeness - lack/excessLogical consistency – topology building – data

synchronization Semantic accuracy – is the data description

quality/the text accuracy Update – time when the data is collected

Weaknesses: lack of data, inadequate scale and type, updateness ....Role of the surveyors: survey and mapping expertise to obtain quality data necessary for the successfull disaster managment

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Geodetic data as GIS component

GIS development: Geodetic data (cadastre maps, topog.maps, ortophoto,

aero/satellite images...) Functional organization of the data into a data base and

data maintenance/updating

Strengths of the GIS Mechanism for integration of data from various sources analyses, planning and safety On-time decision-making Services to all involved subjects Data distribution-WEB solutions

Software

Geodetic data base

Hardware

GIS

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Phases of the disasters

GIS solutions Benefits

Planning GIS maps for disasters, damage assessment by using GIS

Easy maintenance, different formats, online access, tool for improving the capability, description of the risky zones and consequences

Mitigation Municipal zoning and defining safety zones

Preparedness for a short time and putting efforts for standard development

Readiness Development of a scenario, models and simulations

Anticipating and planning, development per zones and risk reduction, preparation and training

Solutions Evacuation routes and safety management

Fast identification of the routes, alternative routes, data related to safety

Reconstruction Damage assessment and help for the population

Accurate data base, geo-referenced information

GIS benefits

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Integration of a GIS on a national level NSDI (National Spatial Data Infrastructure)

Types of spatial data in the NSDI Survey, cadastre and cartography Protected zones, national parks, historic monuments Statistical data Spatial planning Environmental protection

Scope of the NSDI electronic spatial data from the bodies of central government, the

local self-government units, the public services and legal advisors entrusted with the spatial data management

policy

Standards*

Networkaccess*

Spatial data

users

NSDI-basic model

NSDI FunctionalityEstablishment of meta data, spatial data maintenance,Networking technology*, access, sharing and use of the spatial data* and mechanism for coordination steps and procedures

*link

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Relation: NSDI - disaster management

AREC is obliged to establish and maintain the public access to metadata via internet (accessibility of easy and a secure method, time saving and finance for data development and maintenance)

Internet communication

Analyses planning

REGIONALDATA

WEB GISusers

GEOPORTAL

NSDICENTRAL GIS

GIS applications

GIS FOR DISASTERMANAGEMENT

AREC

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Public Campaign

Institutions - defining a clear role and the connection to the successful collecting, processing, archiving, integration and sharing of spatial data

Tasks and Responsibilities Trainings for: use of maps for disaster management,

development of new maps for evacuation together with the local population and other representatives

Training and education program - workshops where the evacuation plan will be discussed

Using the media and the school centers Pamphlets, brochuresCapacity building at a local and a regional level

(awareness raising)

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Participants in the workshop

Example for a workshop

LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT -Chair-

Urban planners

Engineers

Trainers

Citizens

Fire protection

Medicalinstitution

Local tourists

Encouraging the local population to participate in drafting the evacuation plan and discussion for its use

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Conclusion

The successful crises management mostly depends from the accessibility, the dissemination and the effective use of the spatial data

Establishment of mechanisms for on-line access to geodetic data which will be the basis for: monitoring, warning, damage assessment as well as reduction of the disaster consequences

Use of standards, interoperability systems and techniques during the collecting, processing, archiving, integration and sharing of the digital geodetic data

On-time delivery/providing with updated and accurate digital geodetic data on a local, national and global level

Communication support which is made via the systems for communication, navigation and positioning

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Thank you for the attention !

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Additional Information

• http://www.gsi.go.jp• http://www.gdrc.org/uem/disasters• http://www.gisdevelopment.net• http://www.jma.go.jp• http://www.ocdi.or.jp• http://www.inmh.ro/images/Floods• http://earth.esa.int/ew/volcanoes