Presentation 24.11

8/6/2019 Presentation 24.11

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PHARMACEUTICAL COLORINGAGENTS AND FLAVORING AGENTS


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Acidifying Agent Alkalinizing Agent Adsorbent

Aerosol Propellant

Air Displacement

Antifoaming Agent Antifungal Preservative

Antimicrobial Preservative

Antioxidant

Buffering Agent

Chelating Agent

Coloring Agent Emulsifying Agent

Encapsulating Agent

Flavoring Agent

Humectant

Levigating Agent

Ointment Bases

Solvents

Stiffening Agent

Suppository Bases

Surfactant

Suspending Agent Sweetening Agent

Tablet Antiadherent

Tablet Binder

Tablet & Capsule Diluent

Tablet Coating

Tablet Disintegrant Tablet Glidants

Tablet Lubricant

Tablet Polishing Agent

Tonicity Agent

Vehicles


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(Coloring Agents, Colorants)

(sulfur)


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1.

2.

3.

4.


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1.

2.

3.

4. , , hydrolysis, , oxidizing agent, reducingagent pH

5. 6. 7. 8.


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chromophore

Azo - N = N -

Nitroso - N = O

Nitro -+N

Azoxy - N = N+- O

-

Azomethine - CH = N

Carbonyl = C = O

Ethenyl = C = C =

Thio = C = S

O-

O


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1. 1. 2.

2. 1. 2.

3.


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(dye)

, glycerin, alcohol glycol ether amaranth

, volatile oil, non-volatileoil, scarlet red


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(Pigment)

(lake) dye substrate Ca Al


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Red Ferric Oxide, Yellow Ferric Oxide,

Titanium Dioxide, Carbon Black

Chlorophyll, Anatenes, Beta-carotene,Alizarin, Indigo, Flavones (Riboflavin, Rutin,Hesperidin, Quercetin), Saffron

Tyrian purple, Cochineal


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(shade)


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Mauviene Perkins purple

WH Perkin

Quinine

aniline coal tar


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( reducingagent)


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1. Azo: D&C orange No.17, FD&C Yellow No.6

2. Anthraquinone: D&C Green No.5, D&C Violet No.2

3. Indigoid: D&C Blue No.6, FD&C Blue No.2

4. Triaryl, Triphenylmethane: FD&C Blue No.1,5. Xanthene: D&C Orange No.10, FD&C Red No.3

6. Quinoline: D&C Yellow No.11

7. Pyrazolone: FD&C Yellow No.5 (Tartrazine)

8. Thiazine: FD&C Blue No.1 (Methylene blue)


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USFDA

1. FD&C colorants

2. D&C colorants

3. External D&C colorants


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1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.


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, , , ,oxidazing agent, reducing agent,

Quinoline

Anthraquinone

Triphenylmethane

Azo

Fluolane


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polyvalent ion Mg, Ca, Al


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(dye) lake ,

, , , , pH


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Federal Name Common Name

Solubility (g/100 ml) at 25C

Water Alcohol50%

Glycerin PG

FD&C Blue No.1FD&C Blue No.2

FD&C Green No.3

FD&C Red No.3

FD&C Red No.4

FD&C Red No.40

FD&C Yellow No.5

FD&C Yellow No.6

Brilliant Blue FCFIndigo Carmine

Fast Green FCF

Erythrosine

Ponceau SX

Allura Red AC

Tartrazine

Sunset Yellow FCF

20.01.6

20.0

9.0

11.0

22.0

20.0

19.0

20.00.3

20.0

1.0

1.0

1.3

4.0

3.0

20.01.0

20.0

20.0

5.8

3.0

18.0

20.0

20.00.1

20.0

20.0

2.0

1.5

7.0

2.2


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5.0 - 10.0 m 12 - 25 % 40 - 45 / 100 15 - 20 / .

1.7 - 2.0 pH 4.0 - 8.0

FD&C lake


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(liquids, solutions): 0.0005

0.001%

stock solution

(powders, tablets): 0.1% dry blending, ,

trituration, geometric dilution

Emulsion & suspension: 0.005%


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Gothe


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Amaranth:

rat Erythrosine:


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(Flavoring Agents, Flavorants)


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(taste buds) 4

(sweet taste) (bitter taste) (sour taste) (salty taste)


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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.


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: hydrogen ion , tannins, alum, phenol, lactone

: ion

ammonium chloride, sodium salicylate : OH, aliphatic halogen -amino acid saccharin,cyclamates

: free bases alkaloid amides, OH > 300, sodium bromide, aliphatic thio(sulfur)


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1. 2. 3. (flavor syrups)4. (aromatic oils)5.

(synthetic, Imitation

flavors)


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1. Sucrose linctuses elixirs Monosaccharide: glucose, dextrose (invert sugar), xylitol

Polysaccharide: cellulose, dextran, lactulose

Invert syrup(fructose + glucose) Sorbitol

sucrose:

Sucrose 100 Fructose 173

Glucose 74 Maltose 32

Galactose 32 Lactose 16


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2.

3 Saccharin (500)

Cyclamate

Aspartame (200)

acesulfame (200)


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NaCl KCl

black current

syrup, cherry syrup, rasberry syrup, lemon syrup,

citrus syrup

ginger syrup, liquorice liquid extract


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Anise Caraway

Cinnamon

Clove Dill

Ginger

Lemon

Orange

peppermint


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Amyl butyrate -

Vanillin - Vanilla Menthol

Benzaldehyde - almond


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5

1. (Blending)2. (Overshadow)3. (Physical)4.

(Chemical)

5. (Physiological)


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(Blending)

vanillin, monosodium glutamate,

benzaldehyde

(Overshadow) ,glycyrrhiza, oleoresins


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(Physical)

emulsify emulsion


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(Chemical)

substrate resins ion exchange

(Physiochemical) menthol mint


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1. 2. 3.

4. (texture)5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.


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Rasberry syrup

hydrochloric acid

Acacia syrup mucilage capsicum


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Cinnamon syrup ammonium chloride sodiumsalicylate

Orange syrup

Citric acid syrup Cherry syrup

Cocoa syrup

Wild cherry syrup

Rasberry syrup

Glycyrrhiza syrup


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Cocoa syrup ammonium quinine

Rasberry syrup

Cocoa syrup

Cherry syrup

Cinnamon syrup Compound sarsaparilla syrup

Citric acid syrup

liquorice syrup

Aromatic elixir

Orange syrup

Wild cherry syrup


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wintergreen oil, peppermint, lemon, orange anise

emulsify primary emulsion


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- -

- mint

wine

- cherry - lemon


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sorbitol, gum, PVP, cellulose

polymer


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oxidation hydrolysis


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Menthol, Peppermint oil Oleoresins of capsicum Licorice

0.01 - 0.02%


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Cyclamate

rat

sorbitol, saccharin,aspartame galactosemia lactose

Sorbitol fructose fructose


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THANK YOU FORYOUR ATTENTION

Presentation 24.11

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