HABITAT ANALYSIS,POPULATION ESTIMATES AND NESTING ECOLOGY OF THREE FALCON SPECIES IN DISTRICT CHAKWAL Tariq Mehmood,* Riaz Hussain, Muhammad Rais,Iftekhar Hussain, Maqsood Anwar and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem Department of Wildlife Management Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
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HABITAT ANALYSIS,POPULATION ESTIMATES AND NESTING ECOLOGY OF THREE FALCON SPECIES IN DISTRICT CHAKWAL
Tariq Mehmood,* Riaz Hussain, Muhammad Rais,Iftekhar Hussain, Maqsood Anwar and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem
Department of Wildlife ManagementPir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi
INTRODUCTION
FALCON
DIURNAL BIRDS OF PREY
FAMILYFalconidae
ORDER FALCONIFORMES
GENUSFALCO
SPECIES STATUS
• “Falcon” (L) “ falx ” • “sickle" Birds are named due to• curved beak or talons
(Webster and McKechnie, 1983).
• shape of their spreading wings (Harper, 2001).
Species in the world 37 species 17 sub-species,
(Collar, et al., 1994). Pakistan, 09 species reported (Roberts, 1991; Ahmed, 2003 and Naoroji, 2006)
SPECIES AND THEIR STATUS IN PAKISTA Roberts (1991), Ahmed, (2003) and Naoroji, (2006)
Common Name Scientific Name Status Occurrence
Lesser Kestrel Falco naumanni Vagrant Aaround Quetta (Balochistan), Dera Ismail Khan (KPK) and Murree hills Pnjab).
Common Kestrel Falco tinnunculus Resident and breeder
Balochistan areas; Zhob, Chaman, Quetta, Sibi, Kalat and Chaghi, Dera Ghazi Khan and salt range foothill zone in Punjab, winter visitor throughout the KPK, also seen in Gilgit and Bultistan.
Saker Falcon Falco cherrug Winter visitor Balochistan, areas,Indus delta in Sindh. Attock districts, seen around Rawal lake (ISB), not recorded in the Potohar plateau, also a winter visitor throughout KP K.
Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus Resident and winter visitor
Coastal areas of Karachi, found in Kirther hills and Jacobabad , resident and breeds in Thal desert, Kohat and Chitral.
Merlin Falco columbarius Winter passer migrant
Ziarat and Loralai (Balochistan), Mirpur Sakro in Thata (Sindh), Jhang, Taunsa barrage, Raheem Yar Khan(Punjab), itor to Kohat (Khyber Pakhtoonkhwa) and Gilgit.
Karachi, Sukkur and Mirpur (Sindh), coastal area of Balochistan, hilly areas of Rawalpindi (Punjab) and winter visitor to Dera Ismail Khan and Bannu (KPK).
Red-headed Merlin Falco chicquera Rare Resident Tharparkar and Cholistan. Rawal Lake (Islamabad), Mianwali, Lal Sohanra NP (Punjab), Kohat and Peshawar KPK.
Laggar Falcon Falco jugger Rare Resident Southern Balochistan, Sindh, Punjab and in the lower plain areas of KPK..
Sooty Falcon Falco concolor Summer visitor occurs as a summer breeder along the Makran coast in the province of Balochistan
OBJECTIVES
• HABITAT ANALYSIS• POPULATION ESTIMATION• NESTING ECOLOGY
STUDY AREA
Fig. 1 Map of Punjab province showing study district Chakwal
CHAKWAL
• Geographical Coordinates 32° 56' 0" N 72° 52' 0" E
Fig.4 A comparison of average density of shrub species in eight selected study sites of district Chakwal from May 2009 to June 2010. Values expressed as mean ±SE.
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
1.4
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
Study Sites
Ave
rage
den
sity
per 4
met
er S
q
Fig.5 A comparison of average frequency of shrub species in eight selected study sites of district Chakwal from May 2009 to June 2010. Values expressed as mean ±SE
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
Study Sites
mea
n fr
eque
ncy
HERBS SPECIES
Fig.6 Density (per sq. m) of herb species in eight different study sites. Values expressed as mean ±SE.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
Study Sites
Dens
ity p
er S
q. m
eter)
Fig.7 Average frequency of herb species in the study areas from May 2009 to June2010. Values expressed as mean ±SE.
Red-headed Merlin (Falco chicquera)Average density (per sq. km) in different selected sites of district Chakwal from May 2009 to June 2010. Values expressed as mean ±SE.
p <0.05
POPULATION ESTIMATION
Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)Population Density of Common Kestrel in selected study sites from May 2009 to June 2010. p > 0.05