Pregnancy and Childbirth Lesson #24. Conception / Fertilization: union of an ovum and a sperm. Conception / Fertilization: union of an ovum and a sperm.

Pregnancy and Pregnancy and ChildbirthChildbirth

Lesson #24Lesson #24

Conception / Fertilization: Conception / Fertilization: union of an ovum and a union of an ovum and a sperm.sperm.

Takes place in the upper 1/3 Takes place in the upper 1/3 of the fallopian tubeof the fallopian tube

Heredity: passing of Heredity: passing of characteristics from characteristics from biological parents to their biological parents to their children.children.

Chromosome: carries genes.Chromosome: carries genes.

Gene: unit of hereditary materialGene: unit of hereditary material– 46 Chromosomes (23 from father, 23 46 Chromosomes (23 from father, 23

from the mother)from the mother)– Female: X chromosomeFemale: X chromosome– Male: X or Y chromosomeMale: X or Y chromosome– XX = femaleXX = female– XY = maleXY = male

XX or XY XX or XY

FemaleFemale Male Male

Sex-linked characteristics: hereditary Sex-linked characteristics: hereditary characteristics transmitted on the characteristics transmitted on the sex chromosomes.sex chromosomes.

Amniotic Sac: pouch of fluid that Amniotic Sac: pouch of fluid that surrounds a fetus.surrounds a fetus.

Endometrium: Inner lining of the Endometrium: Inner lining of the uterus.uterus.

Embryo: Conception to 2Embryo: Conception to 2ndnd month of month of growth.growth.

Fetus: 9Fetus: 9thth week to birth week to birth Placenta: Anchors the embryo to the Placenta: Anchors the embryo to the

uterus.uterus. Umbilical Cord: Ropelike structure Umbilical Cord: Ropelike structure

that connects the embryo to the that connects the embryo to the placenta.placenta.

Tools to determine if the baby Tools to determine if the baby is developing correctlyis developing correctly

Ultrasound: Ultrasound: provide an image provide an image of the developing of the developing babybaby

Amniocentesis: the Amniocentesis: the use of a needle use of a needle (inserted into the (inserted into the uterus to get fluid uterus to get fluid from the amniotic from the amniotic sac)sac)

PregnancyPregnancy

11stst sign of pregnancy sign of pregnancy– Woman will miss her periodWoman will miss her period

Labor: Process of childbirthLabor: Process of childbirth– Dilation of the cervixDilation of the cervix– Delivery of the babyDelivery of the baby– Delivery of the placentaDelivery of the placenta

ComplicationsComplications

Ectopic PregnancyEctopic Pregnancy MiscarriageMiscarriage Cesarean SectionCesarean Section StillbirthStillbirth

Apgar Score: rating of the baby 1 to Apgar Score: rating of the baby 1 to 5 minutes after birth.5 minutes after birth.

Postpartum period: Hormones Postpartum period: Hormones produce changes in the mother’s produce changes in the mother’s body.body.

After the Baby is BornAfter the Baby is Born