ppt

CONSTRUCTION OF PLASTIC ROADS

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[097R1A0117] [097R1A0103] [097R1A0104] [097R1A0124]

LAXMIKANTH UDAY RAKESH MAHENDER

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DE I U G L A I N R R E W I NT O R G OU YA

VIJA

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OVERVIEWv v v v v v v

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION MATERIALS USED TEST CONDUCTED ON MATERIALS ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES CONCLUSION

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ABSTRACT

Disposal ofwaste plastic bags from the3/20/13

INTRODUCTIONNow-a-days disposal of different wastes produced from different Industries is a great problem. These materials pose environmental pollution in the nearby locality because many of them are Traditionally non-biodegradable.

soil, stone aggregates, sand, bitumen, cement etc. are used for road construction.

The cost of extracting good quality of natural material is increasing. Concerned about this, the scientists are looking for alternative materials for highway3/20/13

TESTS CONDUCTED ON MATERAILS.q

BITUMENDUCTILITY

SOFTINING POINT FLASH &FIRE

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AGRREGATESSPECIFIC GRAVITY3/20/13

SHAPE TEST

DUCTILITY TEST

DESCRIPTION TEST

The Ductility test is a measure of the tensile properties of the polymer modified asphalt cement residue of a polymer modified emulsified asphalt.

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS

water bath ,thermometer,moulds,testing,machine,asphlalt.3/20/13

PROCEDURE

Sample Preparation

The sample shall consist of the asphalt cement residue obtained from the distillation of a polymer modified emulsified asphalt.

Equipment Preparation

Assemble the mold on a flat and level brass or glass plate thoroughly coat the surface of the plate and the inside surfaces of the middle brass spacers with a thin layer of a mixture off glycerin and talc to prevent the test material from sticking.

Testing Procedure

After a thorough stirring pour the sample in the mold. In filling the mold, take care to pour the material in a stream back and forth from end to end until the mold is more than level full. Take care not to disarrange the parts and thus distort the specimen.

Allow the test specimen to cool to room temperature for 15 minutes and then place in a water bath at 40C for 15 minutes. 3/20/13

Remove the test specimen from the water bath and cut off excess bitumen with a hot, straight edged putty knife or spatula to make the mold just level full. Place the trimmed specimen and mold back in the water bath at 40C for 30 minutes prior to testing. Remove the test specimen from the plate by a shearing action between the specimen and plate, avoiding any bending of the test specimen. Detach the side pieces and attach the specimen to the pins. Position the cross lead and ensure that the load cells are attached to the specimen. Set the elongation rate for 5 cm/min.

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Tabular formS.NO % of Sample Sample avg plastic in cm 2 added in cm 0% 0.5% 1% 1.5% 2% 23.4 18 20.1 18.9 18.1 29.4 21.3 17.2 17.8 17.2 26.4 19.65 18.7 18.3 17.6

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

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Flash and Fire

Flash Point-:

The flash point of a material is the lowest temperature at which the application of test flame causes the vapours from the material to momentarily catch fire in the form of a flash under specified conditions of the test.

Fire Point:

The fire point is the lowest temperature at which the application of test flame causes the material to ignite and burn at least for 5 seconds under specified conditions of the test.3/20/13

APPARATUS :I.

Pensky- Martens apparatus, Thermometer,Bitumen. Procedure to determine the Flash And Fire Point Of Bitumen A) FLASH POINT i) Soften the bitumen between 75 and 100oC. Stir it

thoroughly to remove air bubbles and water. ii) Fill the cup with the material to be tested upto the filling mark. Place it on the bath. Fix the open clip. Insert the thermometer of high or low range as per requirement and also the stirrer, to stir it.3/20/13

B) FIRE POINT

i) After flash point, heating should be continued at such a rate that the increase in temperature recorded by the thermometer is neither less than 5oC nor more than 6oC per minute. ii) The test flame should be lighted.

REPORTING OF RESULTS

i) The flash point should be taken as the temperature read on the thermometer at the time of the flame application that causes a distinct flash in the interior of the cup.

ii) The fire point should be taken as the temperature read on the 3/20/13 thermometer at which the application of test flame causes the

TABULAR FORMs.no 1 2 3 4 5 % of plasticity 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 Flash point (^0c) 220 270 320 350 360 Fire point (^0c) 285 310 345 360 370

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SOFTENING POINT

AIM :To determine the softening point of bitumen means of the Ring-

and-Ball apparatus.

APPARTUS :-Ring & balls, thermometer, glass bath. PROCEDURE :1.

Specimens are prepared exactly as specified (ASTM D36-95) in precisely dimensioned brass rings and maintained at a temperature of not less than 10 oC below the expected softening point for at least 30 minutes before the test. The rings and assembly, and two ball bearings, are placed in a liquid bath 3/20/13

2.

3. A 9.5 mm steel ball bearing (weighing 3.50 0.05 g) is centered on each specimen and heat is then applied to the beaker so as to raise the temperature by 5 0.5 oC per minute. 4. The temperature at which each bitumen specimen touches the base plate is recorded to the nearest 0.2 oC.

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TABULAR FORMS.NO % of plasticity SAMPLE 1 SAMPLE 2

1 2 3 4 5

0 0.5 1 1.5 2

55 59 62 68 75

59 61 69 72 82

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SPECIFIC GRAVITY AIM :To determine the specific gravity of given sample of coarse aggregates.

APPARATUS :-

Weighing machine,sp.gravity bottle,aggregates.3/20/13

FORMULAEW2-W1 (W2-W1)-(W3-W4)S.NO % OF W1 BITU kg MEN W2 kg W3 kg W4 kg Sp.gr avity

1 23/20/13

0 0.5 1

0.62 1.02 1.73 1.4603.07 0.62 1.04 1.7401.5162.14

3

FLAKINESS TESTv

AIM:- To determine the flakiness index of the givenaggregates.

APPARATUS:(i)A standard thickness gauge

(ii)A standard length gauge

(iii) IS sieves of sizes 63, 50 40, 31.5, 25, 20, 16, 12.5,10 and 6.3mm (iv)A balance of capacity 5kg, readable and accurate up to 1 gm.

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PROCEDURE :Sieve the sample through the IS sieves.

Take a minimum of 200 pieces of each fraction to be tested and weigh them.

In order to separate the flaky materials, gauge each fraction for thickness on a thickness gauge. The width of the slot used should be of the dimensions specified for the appropriate size of the material.

Weigh the flaky material passing the gauge to an accuracy of at least 0.1 per cent of the test sample.

In order to separate the elongated materials, gauge each fraction 3/20/13 for length on a length gauge. The width of the slot used should

wx100 WWhere w is the weight of aggregates that can passes through gauge. Where W is the weight of total aggregates. here w = 80gms W = 990 80*100 990 = 8.0%

RESULT:-flakiness index of sample is 8%3/20/13

ELONGATION TEST

OBJECTIVES :

To determine the elongation of the elongation index ofaggregates. APPARATUS :(i)A standard thickness gauge (ii)A standard length gauge (iii) IS sieves of sizes 63, 50 40, 31.5, 25, 20, 16, 12.5,10&6.3mm (iv)A 3/20/13 balance of capacity 5kg, readable and

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PROCEDUREThe sample is sieved through the IS sieves. A minimum of 200 pieces of each fraction is taken and weighed. In order to separate elongated material, each fraction is then gauged individually for length in a length gauge . The gauge length used should be those specified for the appropriate material. The pieces of aggregates from each fraction tested which could not pass through the specified gauge length with its long side are elongated particles and are collected separately to find the total weight of aggregate retained on the length gauge from each fraction. The total amount of elongated material retained by the length gauge are weighed to an accuracy of at least 0.1 3/20/13

wx100 WWhere w is the weight of aggregates that cannot passes through gauge. Where W is the weight of total aggregates.

w=100gms W=990gms

i.e,

100 *100 990 =10.16%

RESULT 3/20/13 : Elongation index of a sample is 10.16%

IMPACT TESTAIM:To conduct a test to determine aggregate impact value of coarse aggregate.

APPARATUS:Impact Testing Machine, Tamping Rod, Sieves 12.5mm, 10mm and 2.36mm.

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PROCEDURE :

Take some coarse aggregate passing through 12.5mm sieve and retained on 10mm sieve, wash and oven dry for 4 hours. Take the wt. of empty cup. Put this in the cup in three layers while tamping 25 times. Weigh the aggregate with cup. Now fill the cup to the brim and further give 15 blows. Take a 2.36mm sieve and pass the impacted aggregate Note B and A values.3/20/13

CALCULATION :

Aggregate Impact Value= B x 100 /A B= Fraction Passing A= Fraction Retained

Where A = 0.334kg, B = 0.036kg 0% plastic content of aggregate impact value is 10.77%

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ADVANTAGES

Use of higher %of plastic waste. Reduces the needs of bitumen by around 10%. Increase the strength and performance of the road. Reduce the cost to around Rs.5000/km of single lane road. 100% improvement in fatigue life of roads. Develop a technology, which is eco-friendly. Resistance to water. No cracking .

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DISADVANTAGES

1. Cleaning processToxics present in the co-mingledplastic wastewould start leaching.

2. During the road laying processIn the presence of chlorine will definitely release noxious HCL gas.

3. After the road laying3/20/13

CONCLUSIONPlastic will increase the melting point of the bitumen. Use of the innovative technology not only strengthened the road construction but also increased the road life. Help to improve the environment .

Plastic 3/20/13 roads, a simple way to make echo

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