PowerPoint4 The Byzantine Empire

8/8/2019 PowerPoint4 The Byzantine Empire

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/powerpoint4-the-byzantine-empire 1/35

The ByzantineThe Byzantine

Empire: The NewEmpire: The New

RomeRomeWorld History AWorld History A

Seminar #4Seminar #4Warm Up: Define the following words ±

1. Rule of law

2. autocrat





The Division of theThe Division of the

Roman EmpireRoman EmpireIn 284 ADIn 284 AD DiocletianDiocletian becamebecameRoman emperor. He decidedRoman emperor. He decided

that the huge Roman empirethat the huge Roman empirecould only be ruled effectivelycould only be ruled effectivelyby splitting it into two parts.by splitting it into two parts.

Textbook: page 148Textbook: page 148In your notes, describe the extent of eachIn your notes, describe the extent of each

half of the empire. Click to the next slidehalf of the empire. Click to the next slide

for a map.for a map.



The Division of the Roman EmpireThe Division of the Roman EmpireFromFrom World History:World History:Connections to TodayConnections to Today PrenticePrentice

Hall, 2003Hall, 2003



ConstantineConstantineIn 330 Diocletian¶sIn 330 Diocletian¶ssuccessor,successor,ConstantineConstantine, rebuilt, rebuilt

the old Greek port of the old Greek port of Byzantium, at theByzantium, at theentrance to theentrance to theBlack Sea. HeBlack Sea. Herenamed itrenamed itConstantinopleConstantinople andandmade the city themade the city thecapital of thecapital of theEastern RomanEastern Roman

Empire.Empire.







The Fall of the WesternThe Fall of the Western

Roman EmpireRoman EmpireBy 395 AD, the Roman Empire wasBy 395 AD, the Roman Empire wasformally divided into two empires:formally divided into two empires:East and West. With the invasionEast and West. With the invasion

of Germanic forces from the north,of Germanic forces from the north,the Western Roman Empire wasthe Western Roman Empire wasconquered and further divided.conquered and further divided.

This left the eastern part of theThis left the eastern part of theRoman empire to carry on theRoman empire to carry on theGrecoGreco--Roman tradition.Roman tradition.



The Fall of the WesternThe Fall of the Western

Roman EmpireRoman Empire

FromFrom World History:World History:

Connections to TodayConnections to Today

Prentice Hall, 2003Prentice Hall, 2003



The Byzantine Empire Under The Byzantine Empire Under

JustinianJustinianThis map depicts theThis map depicts theEmpire at the deathEmpire at the deathof Justinian I, whoof Justinian I, who

had reigned fromhad reigned from527 to 565 as sole527 to 565 as soleEmperor,Emperor,sometimes insometimes inconcert, andconcert, andsometimes insometimes inconflict, with hisconflict, with hispowerful wifepowerful wifeTheodora.Theodora.



Byzantine EmpireByzantine EmpireAt first, this EmpireAt first, this Empirecontrolled only acontrolled only a

small area aroundsmall area around

the easternthe eastern

Mediterranean, butMediterranean, but

during the reign of during the reign of

JustinianJustinian (527(527--565),565),

it started to recover it started to recover much of the territorymuch of the territory

of the old Romanof the old Roman

empireempire..



The New RomeThe New RomeTheThe Byzantine EmpireByzantine Empire

was wealthy andwas wealthy and

produced: gold, silk,produced: gold, silk,

grain, olives andgrain, olives andwine. It traded thesewine. It traded these

for spices, ivory andfor spices, ivory and

precious stones fromprecious stones from

countries as far awaycountries as far awayas China and Indiaas China and India

along the Silk Roadalong the Silk Road

trade routes.trade routes.



The Silk RoadThe Silk Road



Justinian and TheodoraJustinian and Theodora

Textbook: page 235Textbook: page 235

Justinian ruled asJustinian ruled as

anan autocratautocrat with thewith the

help of help of TheodoraTheodora..Created a hugeCreated a huge

Christian empireChristian empire

Empire reached itsEmpire reached its

greatest sizegreatest size

AutocratAutocrat ± ± ruler who hasruler who has

complete authoritycomplete authority



Justinian and TheodoraJustinian and TheodoraTextbook: page 235Textbook: page 235

Justinian ruled asJustinian ruled as

anan autocratautocrat withwith

the help of the help of Theodora. CreatedTheodora. Created

a huge Christiana huge Christian

empireempire

Empire reached itsEmpire reached itsgreatest sizegreatest size

BuiltBuilt Hagia SophiaHagia Sophia





Justinian and TheodoraJustinian and TheodoraTextbook: page 235Textbook: page 235

Justinian ruled as anJustinian ruled as an

autocratautocrat with the helpwith the help

of Theodora. Created aof Theodora. Created a

huge Christian empirehuge Christian empire

Empire reached itsEmpire reached its

greatest sizegreatest size

Built Hagia SophiaBuilt Hagia Sophia

Built HippodromeBuilt Hippodrome

Created Justinian¶sCreated Justinian¶s

CodeCode ± ± which organizedwhich organized

all the laws of ancientall the laws of ancient

Rome.Rome.



Justinian¶s Code of LawsJustinian¶s Code of Laws

Laws were fairer to women. They could ownLaws were fairer to women. They could ownproperty and raise their own children after property and raise their own children after their husbands died.their husbands died.

Children allowed to choose their ownChildren allowed to choose their ownmarriage partners.marriage partners.

Slavery was legal and slaves must obey their Slavery was legal and slaves must obey their masters.masters.

Punishments were detailed and fit the crimePunishments were detailed and fit the crime His work inspired the modern concept and,His work inspired the modern concept and,

indeed, the very spelling of "justice".indeed, the very spelling of "justice".



The End of the ByzantineThe End of the Byzantine

EmpireEmpire TheThe Byzantine empireByzantine empire

drew to a close in 1453drew to a close in 1453

when forces from thewhen forces from the

Muslim OttomanMuslim OttomanEmpireEmpire surroundedsurrounded

and conqueredand conquered

Constantinople.Constantinople.

The ancient ChristianThe ancient Christian

city was renamedcity was renamed

Istanbul and becameIstanbul and became

the capital of thethe capital of the

Ottoman Empire.Ottoman Empire.



Kievan RusKievan Rus TextbookTextbook -- page 242page 242

Begun by invasion of Begun by invasion of

Viking tribesViking tribes ± ± alsoalso

known as Slavsknown as Slavs ± ±from north of thefrom north of the

Baltic.Baltic.

Both trade partner Both trade partner

and sometime enemyand sometime enemy

of the Byzantineof the Byzantine

Empire.Empire.



Kievan RusKievan Rus



Kievan RusKievan RusFrom Prentice Hall World History: Connections to Today page240:

During Roman times, the Slavs expanded into southern Russia.Like the Germanic peoples who pushed into western Europe,the Slavs had a simple political organization divided into clans.They lived in small villages, farmed, and traded along the riversthat ran between the Baltic and the Black seas.

In the 700s and 800s, the Vikings steered their long ships outof Scandinavia. These expert sailors were as much at home onRussian rivers as on the stormy Atlantic. The Vikings, called

Varangians by later Russians, worked their way south along therivers, trading with and collecting tribute from the Slavs. Theyalso conducted a thriving trade with Constantinople.

Located at the heart of this vital trade network was the city of Kiev. In time, it would become the center of the first Russianstate.



Rulers of the Kievan RusRulers of the Kievan Rus

Vladimir I (980)Vladimir I (980)((980) Vladimir I980) Vladimir I ± ±Extremely war like ruler Extremely war like ruler of Kiev. Invitedof Kiev. Invited

missionaries frommissionaries fromJudaism, Islam andJudaism, Islam andChristianity to offer Christianity to offer reasons for conversion.reasons for conversion.

Married the ByzantineMarried the Byzantineemperor¶s sister.emperor¶s sister.

Brought Christianity andBrought Christianity andGrecoGreco--Roman civilizationRoman civilizationto Russia.to Russia.




Yaroslav I (1010 Yaroslav I (1010 ± ± 1054)1054)(10101010 ± ± 1054) Yaroslav I1054) Yaroslav I ± ±

Created a Russian law code basedCreated a Russian law code based

on Justinian¶s Code.on Justinian¶s Code.

Instituted a Golden Age of Instituted a Golden Age of

Kievan Russia. Built churches andKievan Russia. Built churches and

a new capital city.a new capital city.

Allied Russia with the restAllied Russia with the rest

of Europe by marrying hisof Europe by marrying his

children to European rulers.children to European rulers.




Ivan the Great (1462Ivan the Great (1462--1505)1505)(1462(1462--1505) Ivan III1505) Ivan III or or Ivan the GreatIvan the Great ± ±absolute ruler. Tookabsolute ruler. Took

the title of the title of czar czar Czar Czar ± ± Absolute ruler Absolute ruler of Russia: fromof Russia: fromRoman wordRoman word ± ± Caesar Caesar

Defeated the Mongols,Defeated the Mongols,who had gainedwho had gainedcontrol of Russiacontrol of Russia

Extended RussianExtended Russian

territoryterritory



Ivan the TerribleIvan the Terrible TextbookTextbook ± ± page 243page 243

(1530(1530--1584) Ivan the Terrible1584) Ivan the Terrible --

Centralized royal power Centralized royal power

Introduced new laws that tiedIntroduced new laws that tiedRussian serfs to the landRussian serfs to the land

Used agents of terror toUsed agents of terror to

consolidate his power consolidate his power

Had thousands of peopleHad thousands of people

killed because he suspectedkilled because he suspected

a plot.a plot.



Mongol EmpireMongol Empire Genghiz KhanGenghiz Khan ± ±

Conquered China inConquered China in

early 1200searly 1200s

Kublai KhanKublai Khan ± ± ExtendedExtended

Mongol control over Mongol control over most of Asia, Russiamost of Asia, Russia

and eastern Europe inand eastern Europe in

Hungary. TradedHungary. Traded

extensively with theextensively with theWest. EntertainedWest. Entertained

Marco Polo.Marco Polo.

Pax MongoliaPax Mongolia ± ± largestlargest

empire in the world.empire in the world.

Click Genghiz Khan and hispicture for wonderful sites full of music and artifacts from the timeperiod.



Mongol EmpireMongol EmpireTextbookTextbook ± ± page 309page 309


Connections to TodayConnections to TodayPrentice Hall, 2003Prentice Hall, 2003



IslamIslam

In the 600s, a new religion began inIn the 600s, a new religion began in

Arabia,Arabia, IslamIslam ± ± meaning ³submissionmeaning ³submission

the will of Allah.´ Within 100 yearsthe will of Allah.´ Within 100 years

more than half the total population of more than half the total population of

Europe and Asia was Muslim. After theEurope and Asia was Muslim. After the

death of death of MuhammadMuhammad, the founder of , the founder of

Islam in 632, Muslim armies andIslam in 632, Muslim armies andmerchants spread the Islamic religionmerchants spread the Islamic religion

eastward to India and westward acrosseastward to India and westward across

northern Africa into Spain.northern Africa into Spain.



IslamIslam



Contributions of the MuslimContributions of the Muslim

WorldWorld Because of the arid

nature of much of

the Muslim world,

Arab engineers

were skilled in

methods of raising

water from theground and piping it

into their homes.



Contributions of the MuslimContributions of the Muslim

WorldWorld

Arab medicine and

pharmacology were

very advanced. Ibn

Sina (Avicinna)wrote the definitive

medical

encyclopedia of the

time.



Contributions of the Muslim WorldContributions of the Muslim World

In 1154, Arab

scientist Al Idrisi

drew this early map

of the world, showingthe basic outlines of

Asia, northern Africa

and Europe. Can you

locate the Nile River? Muslim contributions

to art and science

were numerous.



Muslim Leaders and EmpiresMuslim Leaders and Empires

Al-Mansur (762) ± Leader of the Islamic world.Built a new capital city at Baghdad in what isnow Iraq. He made it a center of learning andculture.

Muhammad II (1453) ± Captured the Christian

city of Constantinople for the Ottoman Empireand Islam.

Suleiman (1520-1566) ± Sultan of the OttomanEmpire in its Golden Age.

The Ottoman Empire was the largest, mostpowerful empire in both Europe and theMiddle East for centuries.

Safavid Empire (1453-1629) ± Called Iran(Persia) today.




Connections to TodayConnections to Today

Prentice Hall, 2003Prentice Hall, 2003

PowerPoint4 The Byzantine Empire

Documents