Political Transformations in Network Societies: The Internet, Power Shifts, and the Fifth Estate William H. Dutton Quello Center Michigan State University Twitter: BiIIDutton Presentation for CIES, University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal, 9 March 2017.
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Political Transformations in Network Societies: The Internet, Power Shifts,
and the Fifth Estate
William H. DuttonQuello Center
Michigan State UniversityTwitter: BiIIDutton
Presentation for CIES, University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal, 9 March 2017.
Democracy and the Internet?
Shifting Views on Political Implications
Looking Back: Power Shifts & Computing, 1975
Social Shaping of Technology and its Implications
Internet and Democratic Power Shifts, 2005
Internet and Reinforcement Politics, 2015
Internet and Technocratic Power Shifts, 2016
The Internet’s Use in Reconfiguring Access to:
Alternative, Empirical Perspective: Enabling Networked Individuals
Oxford Internet Surveys (OxIS)• 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011, 2013• Cross-sectional Surveys versus Panels• Multi-Stage Probability Sample • England, Scotland & Wales • Respondents: 14 years and older• Face-to-face Interviews, High Response Rates• Sponsorship for 2013 from the Nominet Trust, Ofcom,
UK Research Councils, dot.rural• Component of World Internet Project (WIP)
Quello Search Project: The Role of Search in Shaping Political Opinion
Surveys to Focused Case Studies
Pattern of Findings (OxIS)
Search in Politics (Quello)
Critiques of Technical Perspectives
The Metaphor of a Fifth Estate Press since the 18th Century - the ‘Fourth Estate’
Internet in the 21st - enabling a Fifth Estate
Internet enabling a critical mass of individuals to source information and network in ways that enhance their communicative power vis-à-vis business, industry, government, politics & media.
Historical Pathways to a Fourth Estate
From Feudal Estates to the 21st Century Feudal Estates 21st Century AnalogiesClergy Public Intellectuals
Nobility Business, Industry and Economic Elites, Internet Industrial Elites
Commons Government, Politicians & Regulators
Press Journalists and the Mass Media
Mob Mobs, but also Civil Society, Networked Individuals
The Metaphor of a Fifth Estate Press since the 18th Century - the ‘Fourth Estate’
Internet in the 21st - enabling a Fifth Estate
Internet enabling a critical mass of individuals to source information and network in ways that enhance their communicative power vis-à-vis business, industry, government, politics & media.
Fifth Estate defined by being networked (beyond the home), producing content (writing blogs, posting text and photos), sourcing (following search), collaborating (following cues), trusting (content, providers), centrality (viewing net as essential for information).
Networked Individuals Across InstitutionsArenas Networked
InstitutionsNetworked Individuals
Health & Medical Care E-Health, emailing safety alerts
Going to the Internet for info; networked physicians (Sermo)
Education Multimedia classrooms, MOOCs
Rate my teacher; Khan Academy, Informal learning
Governance Cyberdemocracy, e-Voting, e-Petitions
Anti-bribery websites; Arab Spring; 38 Degrees
News Online journalism Citizen journalists, bloggers, whistle-blowers, churnalism.org
Fifth Estate as Complement v Substitute
Strategies of Networked Individuals of a Fifth Estate
Martha Payne, 9 yr old girl writes blog for school project in Scotland: ‘NeverSeconds’
- Produced content: photos & reviews school lunch in 2012
- Distributed on her blog: neverseconds.blogspot.com/
- Censored by her institution (her primary school’s council)
-8,859,514 pages views
-Fostered debate over the quality of school lunches nationwide and worldwide
Strategies of Networked Individuals of a Fifth Estate
Accountability: Distributing, Leaking
Strategies of Networked Individuals of a Fifth Estate
Petition on High Heels
Committees issue “High Heels and Workplace Dress Codes”, January 25, 2017
Points of Summary and Conclusion
Back to the US Predicament
Political Transformations in Network Societies: The Internet, Power Shifts,
and the Fifth Estate
William H. DuttonQuello Center
Michigan State University
Presentation for CIES, University Institute of Lisbon, Portugal, 9 March 2017.
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